初中牛津译林版Grammar教学课件ppt

设计说明

首先展示几组图片，复习现在进行时的用法，继而引出过去进行时，讲解其概念、结构和时间状语标志。然后通过大量的练习来练习和巩固该时态。在讲授when, while和as的区别时，运用大量的图片和例句来进行详细讲解，总结规律，再通过一些练习进行巩固。 

教学目标

通过本课节的教学，让学生达成以下目标：

1.知识目标：

掌握词汇：break, break down, on the side of the road

2.能力目标：

(1)学会使用过去进行时。

(2)学会使用when, while和as。

3.情感目标：

通过对过去进行时的学习，培养学生讲述过去发生的事情的能力。

重点难点

重点：正确使用过去进行时。

难点：学会使用when，while和as。

教学准备

PPT课件；相关图片。

授课时数

1课时

教学过程

Step 1  Lead-in

1. Show some pictures and ask: What is/are he/she/they doing? Then change the sentences into negative forms and question forms.

  ①He is playing basketball.

    He isn’t playing basketball.

Is he playing basketball?

②They are playing with a yo-yo.

They aren’t playing with a yo-yo.

Are they playing with a yo-yo?

What are they playing with?

③She is watering the flowers.

She isn’t watering the flowers.

Is she watering the flowers?

Who is watering the flowers?

Step 2  Presentation  

Show them some pictures about the past continuous tense and give the sentences on the screen. Then change these sentences into negative forms and question forms.

①They were doing morning exercises at 9:05 yesterday morning.

They weren’t doing morning exercises at 9:05 yesterday morning.

Were they doing morning exercises at 9:05 yesterday morning?

Yes, they were. / No, they weren’t.

②They were playing basketball at this time this Sunday.

They weren’t playing basketball at this time this Sunday.

Were they playing basketball at this time this Sunday?

When were they playing basketball?

③She was reading a newspaper from 10:00 to 10:30 yesterday morning.

She wasn’t reading a newspaper from 10:00 to 10:30 yesterday morning.

Was she reading a newspaper from 10:00 to 10:30 yesterday morning?

When was she reading a newspaper?

Step 3  Analysis

1. Tell students when to use the past continuous tense: We use past continuous tense to talk about things that happened at a particular time in the past.

2. Tell students the structure of the past continuous tense:

Structure（结构）：S+ was / were + v.-ing

                 S+ wasn’t / weren’t+ v.-ing

                 Was / Were +S+ v.-ing

3. Tell students the differences between the present continuous tense and the past continuous tense:

Present continuous tense: am/is/are + doing

  Past continuous tense: was/were+ doing

4. Explain the concept of the past continuous tense:

表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作以及过去某一时间内持续进行的动作,常与表示过去的具体时间的词如：at that time，at this time yesterday， at 9 last night , at that moment 等连用。或者在when, while, as引导的时间状语从句中使用。

5. Learn the rules for changing the present participle of the verb:

  ※大多数动词直接加-ing

  ※以不发音的e结尾的动词，去e加-ing

  ※重读闭音节要双写结尾的辅音字母加-ing

  ※ 以ie结尾的把ie变成y再加-ing

6. Exercises.

  Change the verbs into v.-ing

  answer     come     borrow   run     begin       change

buy       celebrate   chat     cut      keep       drink          

carry      think      write    practise   win       shop

exercise   dance      swim    lie       see

Step 4  Practice

1. Give students 2 minutes to fill in the blanks on Page 97.

2. Check the answers with students.

Answers:(1)was reading  (2)were, doing  (3) was having  (4)was walking 

(5)Were, waiting  (6)was ringing

3. Circle some important phrases and sentences in this part and explain them one by one.

  on the other side of the road    wait for a taxi    because of  break down What a terrible snowstorm!

I saw you and your parents standing on the other side of the road. 

Step 5  Lead-in

1. Show students some pictures and sentences.

(1)I was sleeping when the earthquake started.

(2)People were running in all directions while pieces of glass and bricks were falling down.

(3)As I was trying to find my way out, I suddenly heard some noise above me.

Tell them that “I was sleeping”is the main clause, “when the earthquake started” is adverbial clause. Then ask students to find the main clause and adverbial clause in the other two sentences.

2. More examples.

Give more sentences with past continuous tense with“while”,“when”and “as”. Circle conjunction(连词)and the parts of long actions and short actions.

The man was riding a bike while the building was falling down.

As the girl was trying to find her way out, the two men found her.

The boy was smiling when they saved him successfully.

Step 6  Presentation

1. Consolidation. Do some exercises to consolidate it.

  When the telephone rang, they were reading.

  When/While/As they were reading, the telephone rang.

While he woke up, it was eight o’clock. ×

  When he woke up, it was eight o’clock. √

When/While/As I was waiting for a bus, I met her. √

2. Work out the rules and do some exercises.

(1)当连接同时发生的两个持续性的长动作时，常用while引导。

e.g. While I was watching TV, he was listening to music.

       Millie was reading a book while Eddie was sleeping.

   The baby was sleeping while the mother was cooking.

   While the baby was sleeping, the mother was cooking.

   The boys were playing football while the girls were chatting.

   While the boys were playing football, the girls were chatting.

(2)如果主句表示短暂性的动作时，我们可以用when, while 或 as 引导从句。

e.g. When/while/as Millie was watching TV, Andy came into the room.

(3)如果主句表示持续性的动作时，我们经常用when 来引导从句。

e.g. Millie was watching TV when Andy came into the room.

When the telephone rang, they were watching TV.

When/While/As they were watching TV, the telephone rang.

When/While/As the old man was drinking tea, someone knocked at the door.

When someone knocked at the door, the old man was drinking tea.

(4)如果两个短暂性的动作同时发生，我们通常用as 连接。

e.g. As Millie sat down on the sofa, Andy came into the room.

注:当一个短暂性动作发生的同时伴随着一个延续性的动作，这时我们通常用过去进行时来表示延续性的动作，用一般过去时来表示短暂性的

   动作。

(5)Summary: when, while和as的用法。

①延续性动作+while+延续性动作: 从句为延续性动作, 用when, while或as。

   ②延续性动作+短暂性动作: 从句为短暂性动作, 用when。

Note: 延续性动作用was/were+doing

         短暂性动作用did

Step 7  Practice

1. Group work.

(1) Give some phrases and ask students to make sentences with “while, when, as”.

(2) Choose some students to share their sentences.

(3) Fill in the blanks using while/when/as.

①Some students were talking loudly __________ the teacher came into the classroom.

② __________ I was drawing a picture, they were sitting on the grass.

③It began to rain_____________ we were having dinner.

④I was walking in the street __________he called me.

⑤______________ we were reading, a child came in.

Answers:

①when  ②While  ③while/when/as  ④when  ⑤When/While/As

2. Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. Use when, while or as to connect the sentences. Then check the answers with students. (Playing in the snow on Page 98)

Answers:

1.When, arrived, was getting  2.While, were building, was taking  3.fell, when/while/as, was making  4.was hiding, when, hit  5.When/While/As, were playing, ran

Step 8  Homework

1. Write down your friends’ activities last Sunday afternoon.

2. Finish the exercises in Workbook.

当堂达标

Ⅰ. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。

1. We ______________(mop) the floor while they_____________(play) games at that time.

2. —______ you _______ (make) a snowman this time yesterday ?

  —No, we _____________.

3. My sister with her classmates _____________(take) photos from 2 to 3 yesterday afternoon.

4. _________ they ___________(discuss) the problem with each other when the teacher ___________(come) in ?

5. —When ________ you ___________(see) Tom ?

  —I __________ (see) him while I ______________(get) off the train.

Ⅱ. 用when, while或as填空。

1. My wallet dropped on the ground _____________ I was running.

2. ____________ I was falling asleep, there was a loud knock on the door.

3. _____________ he was reading, an earthquake started.

4. Were the students listening to the teacher carefully _________________ the teacher was giving a lesson?

5. _____________the telephone rang, I became nervous.

Ⅲ. 完成句子。

1. 昨天晚上迈克来的时候我正在做家庭作业。

  I _____________ my homework when Mike __________ last night.

2. 安迪正在看电视时，她父亲回来了。

  While Andy ________________TV, her father _____________home.

3. 我敲门的时候你在干什么？

   What were you doing __________ I ___________ at the door ?

4. 我去看她的时候，她不是在打扫房间。

   She __________________the room when I _________to see her.

5. 小姑娘们一边走，一边唱。

   The little girls ____________ as they _____________.

Answers:

Ⅰ. 1.were mopping, were playing  2. Were, making, weren’t  3. was taking

4. Were, discussing, came 5. did, see, saw, was getting

Ⅱ. 1. while/when/as  2. When/While/As  3. When/While/As  4. while

5. When

Ⅲ. 1. was doing, came  2. was watching, came back  3. when, knocked

4. wasn’t cleaning, went  5. sang, walked

板书设计

教学反思