高中英语高考第1部分 课时精炼 必修第一册　Welcome Unit

这是一份高中英语高考第1部分 课时精炼 必修第一册　Welcome Unit，共9页。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2021·八省联考)
Nn-Credit Curses
The Pre-Cllege Prgram ffers nn-credit curses.Students will experience cllege-level curses given by sme f ur cllege’s leading experts and will receive written feedback (反馈) n their wrk at the end f the curse.Pre-Cllege students will als receive a grade f Satisfactry/Unsatisfactry and a certificate f cmpletin at the cnclusin f the prgram.
All nn-credit curses meet frm 9:00 a．m.－11:30 a．m.daily and may have additinal requirements in the afternns r evenings.
COURSE：Case Studies in Neurscience
·June 11－July 2
·Leah Resch
Using student-centered, active-learning methds and real-wrld examples, this curse is designed t prvide a fuller understanding f hw the human brain wrks.
COURSE：Psychlgy f Creativity
·June 15－June 28
·Marshall Duke
Why are certain peple s creative? Is it genetic (遗传的), r a result f childhd experience? Are they different frm everyne else? This ppular psychlgy curse highlights the different theries f creativity.
COURSE：Creative Strytelling
·June 21－July 3
·Edith Freni
This cllege-level curse in creative strytelling functins as an intrductin t a variety f strytelling techniques that appear in different frms f creative writing, such as shrt fictin and playwriting.
COURSE：Sprts Ecnmics
·July 19－August 1
·Christina DePasquale
In this curse we will analyze many interesting aspects f the sprts industry：sprts leagues, ticket pricing, salary negtiatins, discriminatin, and NCAA plicies t name a few.
eq \x(语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了大学预科项目为高中生提供的4个非学分课程。)
1．Wh is the text intended fr?
A．The general public. B．Cllege freshmen.
C．Educatinal experts. D．High schl students.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一句“The Pre-Cllege Prgram ffers nn-credit curses.”和最后一句“Pre-Cllege students will als the cnclusin f the prgram.”可推知，这篇文章是写给大学预科生即高中生的。前缀pre-的意思是“在……前；先于”。故选D。
2．Which curse can yu take if yu are free nly in June?
A．Sprts Ecnmics.
B．Creative Strytelling.
C．Psychlgy f Creativity.
D．Case Studies in Neurscience.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据COURSE：Psychlgy f Creativity中的“June 15－June 28(6月15日－6月28日)”及其他课程时间的安排可知，如果你只在六月有空闲时间，你可以选择Psychlgy f Creativity。故选C。
3．Whse curse shuld yu chse if yu are interested in creative writing?
A．Leah Resch’s. B．Edith Freni’s.
C．Marshall Duke’s. D．Christina DePasquale’s.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据COURSE：Creative Strytelling中的“This cllege-level curse as shrt fictin and playwriting.”可知，如果你对创意写作感兴趣，你应该选择Creative Strytelling，该课程的授课人是Edith Freni。故选B。
B
(2021·湖北三校联考)
It was a cld winter.The wind blew all night and the snw was blinding.When the mrning came，my three children and I gt up and made ur way t the windws.As we lked ut f the windw，we saw that the hen huse was gne.Our three hens had been blwn away.
I lked at the emptiness utside.Then I saw all three chickens sitting arund the edge f a white bucket.Hw was this vilent wind nt blwing them int the field beynd? I quickly pulled n my husband’s lng snw pants and heavy winter cat，wrapped a scarf and stuck my feet int very large bts.
I shuted at the wind as it blew.I was alne，except my children.They stared ut f the windw int the vast white sea f snw and their eyes peeled fr any sign f mvement.Outside I heard the sund f my bts as I walked against the wind.
The snw circling arund me，I steadily made my way t the sft cluck-cluck-cluck sund my hens always made.When I reached them，I saw that their little feet were hlding n t the edge f the bucket，heads bent frward and away frm the wind.I gently lifted each hen and put it carefully int the warm inside.Then I began the freezing walk back t the small shed directly behind ur huse.One by ne I laid my chickens n the cld flr，and they began t cluck sftly.
As I shut the shed drs，my eyes went directly t the windw where my children were watching.They jumped up and dwn cheering，and s did I! I wasn’t sme dragn slayer(屠杀者) frm a fairy tale.I was simply a mm，but the lk n my children’s faces tld me that they thught I was a her mm.
4．Seeing all three chickens sitting arund the bucket，the authr felt .
A．incredible B．wrried
C．shy D．cnfident
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Hw was this vilent wind nt blwing them int the field beynd？”可推知，看见三只鸡都在水桶周围，作者感到不可思议。
5．Hw did the authr reach the hens?
A．By searching fr the white bucket.
B．By wearing prtective clthes.
C．By fllwing the sund f the hens.
D．By shuting at the hen huse.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“I steadily made my way t the sft cluck-cluck-cluck sund my hens always made”可知，作者是通过小鸡发出的声音找到它们的。
6．Frm the stry，we knw that .
A．the authr’s children liked dragn slayers
B．the children watched their mther all the way
C．the authr struggled t be a her
D．the authr enjyed herself in the snw
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“As I shut the shed drs，my eyes went directly t the windw where my children were watching.”可知，孩子们全程看着作者救这三只小鸡。
7．What might be the best title fr the text?
A．Weather in the Extreme
B．Hens in Truble
C．Kindness in Need
D．Her in the Snw
答案 D
解析 标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了作者在寒冬里冒着风雪拯救了她家的鸡，这些都被她的孩子们看在眼里，他们认为妈妈就是一位英雄。故选项D最适合作本文标题。
C
(2021·广东调研)
Every year，cuntless individuals are impacted by cancer.Our gal is t walk away frm cancer as we give strength t thse fighting this life-threatening disease.Walk Cancer Away invites everyne t participate in ur annual family-friendly walk event and jin tgether t share the strng willpwer fund inside each f us with thse arund us.With each step we take，with each stry shared，and with each dnatin made，we are ne step clser t finding a cure.T date，we have raised ver $ 700,000 fr Dr.Nancy Kemeny’s Clrectal (结肠直肠的) Research Fund at Memrial Slgan Kettering Cancer Center(MSKCC)，tgether with thusands f peple supprting this cause ver the last 12 years we are cmmitted t.
Walk Cancer Away began as a walk in hnr f James N．Rentas.Deeply influenced by his lss due t clrectal cancer，the Rentas family came tgether 12 years ag t help thers wh are suffering the Kemeny at Memrial Slgan Kettering Cancer Center，wh was the dctr treating James N．Rentas，mirrrs that same gal.Her effrts and that f her team at MSKCC are fcused n researching t vercme the disease and find a cure.
Tgether，they have made great achievements ver the years and have prvided years f life fr thse wh face adversity.In many cases，their cntinued effrts have led t full remissin f the cancer in patients.With the deepest gratitude we are thankful t all thse wh supprt and participate in the event each year，because withut yu this wuld nt be pssible.
Althugh Walk Cancer Away started just 12 years ag，we are frever hnred t be able t jin in this event that s many f us find s clse t ur hearts.We ask yu，yur family，and yur friends t jin in this year’s Walk Cancer Away Event.
8．What des Walk Cancer Away intend t d?
A．T cntact thse suffering frm cancer.
B．T share experiences frm cancer victims.
C．T give mney t cancer patients’ family.
D．T find a way t defeat cancer at length.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“With each step we take，with each stry shared，and with each dnatin made，we are ne step clser t finding a cure.”可知，Walk Cancer Away的最终目的是找到战胜癌症的方法。
9．What d we knw abut James N．Rentas accrding t Para.2?
A．He died f cancer.
B．He dnated his frtune.
C．He did research n cancer.
D．He funded Walk Away Cancer.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Walk Cancer Away began as a walk in hnr f James N．Rentas.Deeply influenced by his lss due t clrectal cancer，the Rentas Family...”可知，Walk Cancer Away始于纪念James N．Rentas，他的家人因为受他患癌症去世的影响而开始这一项活动。由此可知，James N．Rentas死于癌症。
10．Dr.Nancy and her team at MSKCC have prvided years f life fr thse facing .
A．an unfavrable situatin frm nature
B．a serius disease hard t cure
C．a lss f a family member
D．an unpleasant treatment
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Her effrts and that f her team at MSKCC are fcused n researching t vercme the disease and find a cure.”以及第三段的“Tgether，they have made great achievements ver the years and have prvided years f life fr thse wh face adversity.”可知，Nancy 博士和她在MSKCC的团队为那些面临难以治愈的严重疾病的人提供了数年的生命。
11．Why des the authr make this speech?
A．T intrduce the histry f an event.
B．T raise mney fr cancer research.
C．T call n peple t jin in the activity.
D．T express thanks t all the participants.
答案 C
解析 写作意图题。根据最后一段中的“We ask yu，yur family，and yur friends t jin in this year’s Walk Cancer Away Event.”可知，作者做这个演讲是为了号召人们参加这项活动。
D
(2021·福建泉州质检)
Dwntwn Baltimre is hme t an unusual experiment that seems strange—cling buildings with ice.It’s a service prvided by Velia Energy.Velia desn’t run big cal r nuclear pwer plants—instead，it tries t deliver “efficiency”—basically getting mre ut f the electricity netwrk.
Velia des this with a cncept called “district cling”，which sends water chilled by ice at a central plant ut t several nearby buildings.A nearly 10-mile circuit f cling pipes cnnects the dwntwn buildings，including the cnventin center，gvernment buildings and htels，t a brick building with tw dmes(穹顶) abut 30-feet high next t it.
Inside the dmes are tanks filled with water.A lt f tubes run thrugh the water tank carrying chilled glycl，a fluid(液体) that freezes at a very lw temperature.This prcess runs at night，and ice frms arund the tubes.
“During the day，when we are using the ice t prduce cling fr custmers，we run water ver the utside f the ice，melt it and actually prvide cl water ut t the distributin system，” says Jhn Gibsn，a vice president at Velia Energy.
Why ice? The ice essentially stres the cheaper energy that’s available at night.
“It allws yu t make ice at night，when electrical demand is lwer and csts are lwer，and then melt that ice during the day t supplement yur mechanical refrigeratin，” Gibsn says.The custmers dn’t need t buy their wn refrigeratin units，s they save abut 10 percent n cling csts by using Velia’s district set-up.
Using nighttime electricity als takes the heat ff the electricity netwrk.By using ice，Velia desn’t need t use as much electricity during the days.
Gibsn als says it’s nt cheap t build all f the pipes and pumps fr a district cling system，but it saves mney in the lng run，especially if existing undergrund infrastructure(基础设施) can be used.
12．What des the underlined wrd “chilled” in Paragraph 2 refer t?
A．Purified. B．Biled up.
C．Frzen. D．Cled dwn.
答案 D
解析 词义猜测题。分析画线单词所在句可知，画线单词短语“chilled by ice”为前面名词“water”的后置定语，为过去分词形式，即画线单词“chilled”为后面名词“ice”的动作，ice意为“冰”，冰对水的作用是“冷却”，且结合前文提及的“district cling”可知，chilled应与“cling”相呼应。由此推知，chilled意为“冷却”。
13．Why is ice made at night?
A．It is energy-saving and ecnmical.
B．It reduces the burden f refrigeratin units.
C．Buildings need less cling.
D．Cheaper water is available.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第六段中的“It allws yu t make ice at night，when electrical demand is lwer and csts are lwer”可知，夜间制冰时电力需求较低，成本也较低。
14．What is the text mainly abut?
A．Unusual findings.
B．An efficient netwrk.
C．A unique cling system.
D．Velia’s mechanical refrigeratin.
答案 C
解析 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章首段提出了本文的话题和主旨，即“Dwntwn Baltimre is hme t an unusual experiment that seems strange—cling buildings with ice.”由此可知，本文主要介绍了这个不寻常的降温系统。
15．Where is this text mst likely frm?
A．A diary. B．A magazine.
C．A nvel. D．A brchure.
答案 B
解析 文章出处题。通过阅读文章可知，文章主要介绍了巴尔的摩市中心的一项不寻常的实验——用冰给建筑物降温。由此判断出短文最可能来自杂志的科技版块。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2021·河北石家庄质检)
Mind mapping is a great way t plan ut prjects，ideas，and plans. 1 Here are the fur steps f mind mapping and hw yu can apply it in yur life.
Befre yu start，think abut what it is that yur mind map is abut.If we take the example f presenting t an audience，ask yurself，“What exactly d I want t tell my audience？” and “What d I want them t leave knwing？” 2 Once yu knw yur questin，write that dwn in the middle f the page.
3 Dn’t try and edit yurself.N matter hw crazy，wild，r stupid smething may seem at first，get it dwn nt yur mind map.Yu can remve ideas later.Editing yurself at an early stage will nt prduce yur best ideas.
After yur initial brainstrm，giving yurself a few days will prduce mre ideas and expand thers.A few days later，cme back t yur mind map and give yurself anther hur r tw with it. 4 Meanwhile，yu may als see ideas that dn’t wrk—yu can leave them just in case they bring mre ideas later.After this sessin，yu will have a lt f ideas，answers，and steps.
The next stage is where yu make small changes abut these ideas and start t structure the next steps.Yu nw need t decide in what rder yu will mve frward.Once yu have all yur ideas and pints numbered，yu can then mve thse t yur t-d list manager and place them in the right rder.Yu may find that as yu begin wrking n yur prject，yu change yur rder rund. 5
A．Yu will find yu have a lt mre ideas t add.
B．It encurages yu t g deeper with yur ideas.
C．The clearer yur questin，the better answers yu will get.
D．Once yu have yur questin written dwn，let yurself g.
E．Yur brain is likely t give yu unrealistic r unclear answers.
F．But yu will at least have a place t start by having an initial rder.
G．It gives yu a visual means t brainstrm yur ideas and the fundatins f a structure.
1．答案 G
解析 根据上一句“Mind mapping is a great way t plan ut prjects，ideas，and plans.”可知，作者在文中开头就阐述了思维导图是规划项目、想法和计划的好方法，接下来很可能涉及思维导图的特点。因此G选项“It gives yu a visual means t brainstrm yur ideas and the fundatins f a structure.”切题，选项中的“ideas”与上文中的“ideas”相呼应。故选G项。
2．答案 C
解析 根据该空上下文内容可知，在制作思维导图之前，要尽可能地去明确有哪些相关问题，一旦知道了就记下来。因此，C选项“The clearer yur questin，the better answers yu will get.”切题，选项中的“questin”与下一句中的“questin”相呼应，故选C项。
3．答案 D
解析 根据空后的“Dn’t try and edit yurself.N matter hw crazy，wild，r stupid smething may seem at first，get it dwn nt yur mind map.”可知，当明确相关问题并把它记在你的思维导图上以后，不要去更改，不管问题看起来有多么疯狂和愚蠢。因此，D选项“Once yu have yur questin written dwn，let yurself g.”切题，选项中的“let yurself g”与下一句“Dn’t try and edit yurself.”相呼应。故选D项。
4．答案 A
解析 根据空前的内容可知，在最初的头脑风暴完成之后，给自己几天来产生更多的想法，然后再回到思维导图上思考一两个小时，很可能会有新的想法出现。因此，A选项“Yu will find yu have a lt mre ideas t add.”切题，选项中的“a lt mre ideas”与上文中的“mre ideas”相呼应。故选A项。
5．答案 F
解析 根据上一句“Yu may find that as yu begin wrking n yur prject，yu change yur rder rund.”可知，当你开始做你的项目时，你可能会发现，你会改变顺序。因此，F选项“But yu will at least have a place t start by having an initial rder.”切题，选项中的“rder”与上一句中的“rder”相呼应。故选F项。语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。在一个寒冷的冬天的早晨，作者冒着风雪拯救了她家的鸡，这一切都被孩子们看在眼里。他们认为妈妈就是一位英雄。
语篇解读 本文这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项名为Walk Cancer Away的活动，号召人们加入这个活动，帮助癌症患者与疾病作斗争。
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了巴尔的摩市中心的一项不寻常的实验——用冰给建筑物降温。
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文中阐述了思维导图的制作过程以及如何在现实生活中利用思维导图。