高中英语高考第1部分 课时精炼 选择性必修第一册　Unit 5 Working the Land

这是一份高中英语高考第1部分 课时精炼 选择性必修第一册　Unit 5 Working the Land，共9页。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2021·福建泉州质检)
The City f Trnt currently delivers three public art prgrams：the Public Art & Mnuments Cllectin，the Percent fr Public Art Prgram and StreetARTrnt (StART)．The prgrams have had a transfrmative effect n the city’s vitality，gathering a cllectin f public art that is f internatinal significance.
Public Art & Mnuments Cllectin
The City cmmissins(委托制作) and accepts dnatins f high-quality public art wrks and mnuments that are relevant t their prspective cmmunity，and enrich the urban experience f Trnt’s residents and visitrs.These City-wned wrks f public art and histrical mnuments enhance public spaces all ver Trnt.
Percent fr Public Art Prgram
The gverning principle fr the Percent fr Public Art Prgram is that art is a public benefit t be enjyed and experienced by residents and visitrs thrugh the city.The privately-wned art is intended t make building and pen spares mre attractive and interesting and t imprve the quality f the public spaces.The Prgram requires that the artwrk must be clearly visible at all times frm publicly accessible areas.
StreetARTrnt
StreetARTrnt (StART) is a series f prgrams designed specifically fr streets and public spaces.Launched in 2012 as part f the City’s Graffiti(涂鸦) Management Plan，StART has been successful in reducing graffiti vandalism and replacing it with clurful，cmmunity-engaged street art.
StART prgrams encurage active transprtatin (walking and cycling)，make ut streets mre beautiful and safer，shwcase lcal artists and mre.
1．What is the main purpse f the prgrams?
A．T hst an art cmpetitin.
B．T display Trnt’s art cllectin.
C．T attract residents and visitrs.
D．T imprve the city’s appearance.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句可知，这些项目对这座城市的活力产生了变革性的影响，汇集了一批具有国际意义的公共艺术。由此可推知，这些项目旨在提升该城市的城市面貌。故选D项。
2．What d we knw abut the public art wrks?
A．They are dnated by artists.
B．They are wned by the city gvernment.
C．They are free t experience.
D．They are replacing graffiti.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据文章Pubic Art & Mnuments Cllectin部分第一句可知，该市委托并接受与其社区相关的高质量公共艺术作品和纪念碑的捐赠，以丰富多伦多居民和游客的城市体验。由此可推知，作为公共艺术品，居民和游客应是可以免费体验的。故选C项。
3．What des StART fcus n?
A．Cmmunity services.
B．Streets and public spaces.
C．Privately-wned buildings.
D．Green travel means.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据文章StreetARTrnt部分第一段首句“StreetARTrnt (StART) is a series f prgrams designed specifically fr streets and public spaces.”可知，StreetARTrnt (StART)是一系列专为街道和公共空间设计的项目。故选B项。
B
It is 6：00 am n the first day f the schl year.In Cherrybrk Technlgy High Schl，mathematics teacher Eddie W is already at wrk.
One f the first things befre the first bell rings is t set up his tripd(三脚架) and iPad in the middle f the classrm.This technlgy is Mr W’s cre tl f the trade.“I’m Mr W.I recrd my lessns.I recrd all f them.In fact，I’m abut t recrd this ne，” he explains t his new maths class.
The unique apprach t teaching mathematics has nt gne unnticed.Mr W is arguably the mst famus teacher in Australia—a maths teacher by day and an Internet sensatin(轰动) by night.
He started psting vides nline in 2012 fr a student wh was sick with cancer and missing a lt f schl.Other students in the class then wanted t watch Mr W’s vides n his free YuTube channel and website，s he started sharing them acrss the cuntry and beynd.Wtube nw basts mre than 38,000 subscribers(用户) and has attracted almst 4 millin viewers wrldwide.
Cherrybrk Technlgy High Schl principal Gary Jhnsn said Mr W was helping address a standing shrtage f maths teachers in Australia，and making maths ppular again.“He has an ability t simplify mathematics t a level where kids can really understand it，” Mr Jhnsn said.
12-year-ld student Emily Shakespear said Mr W’s teaching style made maths irresistible.“I dn’t want t say it，but he sucked me int maths，” she said.Owen Ptter，wh attends high schl in Cbar，agreed.“It’s difficult t understand hw smene in Sydney can influence thusands f peple acrss the whle cuntry，” he said.
Mr W wn the 2017 University f Sydney Yung Alumni Award fr Outstanding Achievement，and he was ne f 12 Australian teachers hnred at the Cmmnwealth Bank Teaching Awards.
4．Eddie W set up an iPad in the middle f the classrm with the purpse f .
A．listening t music B．playing a vide
C．recrding his class D．shwing pictures
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I recrd my lessns.I recrd all f them.”可知，Eddie W要录自己的课。故选C。
5．What can we infer frm the statistics in the furth paragraph?
A．Mr W’s teaching vides nline are very ppular.
B．Mr W had made a lt f mney by selling vides.
C．Mr W psted vides nline helping many adults.
D．Mr W created his Wtube in 2012 in Sydney.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句可知，Wtube现在有38 000个用户，吸引了全世界几乎四百万人看视频。由此可推知，W的教学视频很受欢迎。故选A。
6．Accrding t Gary Jhnsn，Mr W’s maths lessns are .
A．difficult t fllw B．easy t understand
C．simple t handle D．challenging t learn
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“‘He has an ability t simplify mathematics t a level where kids can really understand it，’Mr Jhnsn said.”可知，按照Gary Jhnsn的说法，W的数学课很容易理解。故选B。
7．What is the main idea f the last paragraph?
A．Mr W is the mst well-knwn maths teacher in Australia.
B．Mr W graduated frm the University f Sydney with hnrs.
C．Mr W wn the Cmmnwealth Bank Teaching Awards.
D．Mr W’s cntributins t teaching have been recgnized.
答案 D
解析 段落大意题。根据最后一段内容可知，W获得了悉尼大学授予的青年校友杰出成就奖，并且他是获得联邦银行教学奖的12位澳大利亚教师之一。由此可知，本段主要讲了W对教学的贡献得到了认可。故选D。
C
Fr the many eager readers wh hpe t find sme slutins t life’s questins thrugh reading，a newly-published Chinese-English bilingual(双语的) versin f Hw Will Yu Measure Yur Life？by Claytn Christensen，a prfessr at Harvard Business Schl in the United States，might prvide a few answers.It has been released as part f a series f bks，entitled Harvard Business Review Classics.
In Hw Will Yu Measure Yur Life？，the bk’s authr raises three questins：Hw can I be sure that I’ll be happy in my career? Hw can I be sure that my relatinships with my spuse(配偶) and my family becme lasting surce f happiness? Hw can I be sure that I’ll stay ut f prisn?
He then prvides his understanding and thughts int them by using lessns frm sme f the wrld’s greatest businesses.
Christensen’s ideas have inspired a large number f peple arund the glbe.Ran Kang，general manager f marketing and peratins f Micrsft’s Greater China Regin，is ne f them.He was lucky t have met the authr himself when Christensen delivered speech t Kang’s cmpany a few years ag.
“I agree with Christensen’s pint that t many peple use material wealth r scial status as ways t measure success，while in reality，it is ding purpseful wrk that helps thers and imprves sciety that is truly meaningful，” Kang says，adding that he hpes the bk will inspire mre yung peple.
Kang,45，als supprts Christensen’s idea that “yur time is the mst precius f resurces”，which he says，is smething he learned firsthand while wrking with Bill Gates.
“After yu’ve figured ut what yur tp pririties (优先级) are in life and in yur wrk，yu have t be strict with yurself and make sure yu cnstantly put yur time int thse pririties.”
8．What d we knw abut Claytn Christensen frm the text?
A．He is trapped in an unhappy marriage.
B．He has wrked in Micrsft fr a lng time.
C．He is gd at linking up thery with practice.
D．He is a famus businessman named by Frbes.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段的内容可知，克莱顿·克里斯坦森结合讲述案例来表达自己对于世界的想法，并因此著书演讲获得成功，由此可知，他是一位善于理论联系实际的作者。故选C。
9．What can we find in Hw Will Yu Measure Yur Life?
A．Hw t marry Mr r Mrs Right.
B．Practical ways t earn gd mney in business.
C．Hw t cmmunicate with lawyers and judges.
D．Getting n well with family des benefit ne’s life.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。通过题目可定位到第二段，根据该段最后两句可以得知，作者是秉持家和万事兴这一信念的。故选D。
10．What can we cnclude frm Ran Kang’s wrds accrding t the text?
A．Material wealth is n lnger the way t measure success.
B．Making the best f time is a prmise t efficiency.
C．Family affairs in ur life shuld be the first t deal with.
D．Ding purpseful wrk can inspire mre yung peple.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据最后两段可知，能充分利用时间，安排好做事情的优先级，将对人生助力无限。故选B。
11．Why des the authr write the text?
A．T make clear that life is clrful.
B．T shw hw successful Christensen is.
C．T intrduce an inspiring bk.
D．T share the key t success.
答案 C
解析 写作意图题。通读全文可知，《你将怎样衡量你的人生？》这本书主要从如何从职业中寻找快乐、和亲人相处等方面阐述了自己的感想，并激发了读者要善于利用时间，平衡工作和生活。因此作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍一本令人受启发的书。故选C。
D
If yu’re in a jb perfrming dull tasks，yu might think that a rbt culd d the wrk instead.But perhaps we underestimate(低估)hw much technlgy already helps with the activities that we wuld therwise have t d.And as artificial intelligence prgresses，we may find it replaces us in the wrkplace altgether.
Fr nw，rbtic technlgy is prviding a helping hand fr businesses，particularly in manufacturing(制造业)，assisting humans in perfrming wrk mre efficiently and smetimes mre accurately.Fr nline shpping，fr example，rbts have becme vital in giant warehuses.They srt and mve millins f bjects f all different shapes and sizes，althugh humans are still needed t pick and distribute the gds.
The advancement f rbtics in the wrkplace is gd fr sme businesses; the nes wh research，develp，build and use them.The British gvernment estimates that by 2035，artificial intelligence culd add arund ￡ 630 bn t the UK ecnmy.But there are still tasks that rbts can’t yet d，and that’s the challenge fr cmpanies such as Autmata.Its c-funder，Suryansh Chandra，tld the BBC that his technlgy will d its best t eliminate bring，repetitive jbs that humans dn’t like and aren’t very gd at，and als create new nes that are likely t replace them.
It seems certain that rbts will eventually be able t d mre and mre f the jbs that are currently perfrmed by humans，s shuld we be wrried by the rise f the machines? Sme experts fear hundreds f thusands f jbs culd disappear as rbts replace human wrkers.A recent reprt suggests that 14 percent f jbs are “at high risk f autmatin” and 32 percent f jbs culd be “basically transfrmed”，with the manufacturing sectr at the highest risk.
But as cmplete autmatin is sme way ff，fr nw we’ll have t wrk side-by-side with ur rbt clleagues—and manage t g hand in hand with them befre they learn t kick us ut f the dr!
12．The secnd paragraph is mainly written t .
A．shw hw rbts can help humans
B．name industries suitable fr rbts
C．explain why rbts can replace humans
D．explre ptential prfits that rbts can make
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可知，目前，机器人技术正在为企业提供帮助，特别是在制造业，帮助人类更高效、有时更准确地执行工作。例如，对于在线购物来说，机器人在大型仓库中已经变得至关重要。尽管仍然需要人类来挑选和分发这些物品，但它们对数以百万计的不同形状和大小的物品进行分类和移动。由此可推知，第二段主要是为了表达机器人是怎样帮助人类的，故选A。
13．What des the underlined wrd “eliminate” in Para.3 refer t?
A．Remve. B．Secure.
C．Rediscver. D．Create.
答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。根据后文“bring，repetitive jbs that humans dn’t like and aren’t very gd at，and als create new nes that are likely t replace them”可知，Suryansh Chandra告诉BBC，他的技术将尽其所能消除人类不喜欢、也不擅长的无聊的、重复性的工作，并创造出可能取代这些工作的新工作。由此可知，画线词意思为“消除，去除”。故选A。
14．What is Paragraph 4 mainly abut?
A．Pssible risks fr manufacturing sectr.
B．Remarks n the future f the rising industry.
C．Predictins abut the tendency f technlgy.
D．Wrries abut the future jb trend due t machines.
答案 D
解析 段落大意题。根据第四段的内容可知，似乎可以肯定的是，机器人最终将能够做越来越多的目前由人类完成的工作，那么我们应该为机器的崛起而担忧吗？一些专家担心，随着机器人取代人类工人，成千上万份工作可能会消失。最近的一份报告显示，14%的工作“面临自动化的高风险”，32%的工作可能“基本转型”，其中制造业的风险最高。由此可知，第四段主要讲述了机器人的发展给人带来的关于未来工作趋势的担忧。故选D。
15．What des the authr advise us t d in the last paragraph?
A．Watch ut fr rbts.
B．Get alng with rbts.
C．Mind ur wn business.
D．Learn t kick rbts ut.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，但是完全的自动化还有一段路要走，现在我们必须和我们的机器人同事并肩工作，并且在它们学会把我们赶出家门之前设法和它们携手合作！由此可推知，作者在最后一段建议我们与机器人和睦相处。故选B。
Ⅱ.七选五
Nt lng ag，n ne understd that infectius diseases were caused by tiny rganisms that mved frm persn t persn.Even nw，althugh we knw that tiny living micrbes cause disease，hw they d s is nt always bvius. 1 .They can als be transmitted thrugh ur skin thrugh insect r animal bites.The best way t prevent infectins is t blck pathgens(病菌)frm entering the bdy.
The first line f defense is t keep germs at bay by fllwing gd persnal health habits.Wash yur hands well.Yu prbably wash yur hands after using the bathrm，befre preparing r eating fd，and after gardening r ther dirty tasks. 2 .Wet yur hands thrughly.Lather(产生泡沫) up with sap r cleanser，and rub it int the palms and backs f yur hands and yur wrists.Be sure t clean yur fingertips，under yur nails and between yur fingers.Wash under running water. 3 .
Whether yu are yung r yung at heart，getting vaccinated(接种疫苗)is an essential part f staying healthy. 4 ，such as a temprarily sre arm r lw fever，they are generally safe and effective.Vaccinatins are essential if yu are t avid getting sick.In general，children shuld receive the recmmended childhd vaccinatins.Adults shuld make sure their vaccinatins are up t date.When traveling abrad，check with yur health care prvider abut additinal immunizatins(免疫)．
5 .Stay clear f wild animals.Many wild animals，including bats，fxes and cytes，can spread the virus t humans by biting.Keep yur pets away frm wild animals，t.Dgs，cats r any ther type f warm-blded animal can pick up the virus and pass the virus alng t peple.
A．Dry yur hands and wrists thrughly
B．Use animal cntrl t prevent infectins
C．While vaccines may cause sme cmmn side effects
D．Althugh vaccines can nt prevent sme rare diseases
E．Other wild animals can nt transmit the virus and ther infectins
F．We d knw that mst micrbes enter thrugh penings in the bdy
G．Yu shuld als wash up after blwing yur nse，cughing，r sneezing
1．答案 F
解析 根据后文“The best way t prevent infectins is t blck pathgens(病菌)frm entering the bdy.”可知，防止感染的最好方法是阻止病原体进入人体。F项“我们知道大多数微生物都是通过身体的开口处进入的”引出下文，符合语境。故选F项。
2．答案 G
解析 根据前文的内容可知，你可能在上完厕所后，准备食物或吃食物之前，以及在做园艺或其他脏活之后洗手。故此空应该与什么时候洗手有关。G项“你还应该在擦鼻涕、咳嗽或打喷嚏后洗手”承接上文，符合语境。故选G项。
3．答案 A
解析 结合前文可知，把你的手彻底弄湿。用肥皂或清洁剂打起泡沫，然后搓揉到手掌、手背和手腕上。一定要清洁你的指尖，指甲下面和手指之间。用自来水冲洗。前文为洗手的步骤，洗手的最后需要擦手。A项“彻底擦干你的手和手腕”符合语境。故选A项。
4．答案 C
解析 结合后文“such as a temprarily sre arm r lw fever，they are generally safe and effective(如手臂暂时酸痛或低烧，一般是安全和有效的)”可知，此空应与疫苗的副作用有关。C项“虽然疫苗可能会引起一些常见的副作用”符合语境。故选C项。
5．答案 B
解析 结合后文“Many wild animals，including bats，fxes and cytes，can spread the virus t humans by biting.”可知，许多野生动物，包括蝙蝠、狐狸和丛林狼，可以通过咬人将病毒传播给人类。B项“使用管控动物的方法来防止感染”引出下文，符合语境。故选B项。语篇解读 这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了多伦多市目前提供的三个公共艺术项目。
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Mr W在教学方面的优秀表现，他的在线课程受到学生们的欢迎，他对教学的贡献已经得到广泛认可。
语篇解读 本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了由克莱顿·克里斯坦森所著的《你将怎样衡量你的人生》一书，以及忠实读者罗恩·康的一些读后感言。
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。随着人工智能的发展，我们可能会发现机器人会逐渐取代我们的工作。文章介绍了机器人技术是如何在各行各业帮助人类的，机器人技术的进步对企业产生的好处以及机器人的发展给人带来的关于未来工作趋势的担忧。
语篇解读 本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了传染病传染的原因及防治方法。