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高中英语高考精品解析：2019年北京市高考英语试卷（解析版）
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这是一份高中英语高考精品解析：2019年北京市高考英语试卷（解析版），共22页。试卷主要包含了5分，共15分)， facing 3， marked， in 6， where 9， meaningful， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
(考试时间:100分钟 试卷满分:120分)
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分:知识运用(共两节，45分)
第一节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
On the first day f my first grade, I std by the dr with butterflies in my stmach. I ___1___(vice) my biggest cncern t my mther. “Hw will I make friends?” She handed me advice. “Be yurself.” Fr the past 20 years, I have lived by these wrds. Sn I will graduate and becme part f the real wrld. Nervusly ___2___(face) challenges, I knw I will whisper t ___3___(I) the tw simple wrds “Be yurself”.
【答案】1. viced
2. facing 3. myself
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。作者在一年级的第一天，对交友感到困惑，妈妈的建议Be yurself（做自己）让作者受益良多。
【1题详解】
考查时态。句意：我向妈妈表达了我最大的担忧，“我将如何交朋友？”此处的vice是动词，“表达”的意思，作谓语。叙述的是一年级的事情，用一般过去时。故填viced。
【2题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“Be yurself”。分析句式可知，此处是作句子的状语，要用非谓语动词，其逻辑主语是I，与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填facing。
【3题详解】
考查代词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“Be yurself”。本句的主语是I，当宾语与主语是同一人称时，宾语要用反身代词。故填myself。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Earth Day, ___4___(mark) n 22 April, is an annual event aiming t raise public awareness abut envirnmental prtectin. First celebrated ___5___ 1970, the Day nw includes events in mre than 190 cuntries and regins(地区). N matter what yu like t d, there is a way t get invlved in varius ___6___(activity) n Earth Day. Yu can plant a tree, make a meal with lcally grwn vegetables, r save pwer—the pssibilities are endless.
【答案】4. marked
5. in 6. activities
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了地球日这一节日的历史和意义。
【4题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：地球日于4月22日举行，是一项旨在提高公众环保意识的年度活动。分析句式可知，设空处是要作名词Earth Day的后置定语，且两者之间是被动关系，要用过去分词。故填marked。
【5题详解】
考查介词。句意：第一次庆祝是在1970年。如今，这一天的活动遍及190多个国家和地区。在年份前要用介词in。故填in。
【6题详解】
考查名词。句意：无论你喜欢做什么，有一个方法可以让你参与地球日的各种活动。根据设空前的修饰词varius可知，此处要用名词的复数形式。故填activities。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Des the name f the cllege yu attend really matter? Research n the questin ___7___(suggest) that, fr mst students, it desn’t. What students d at cllege seems t matter much mre than ___8___ they g. The students benefitting mst frm cllege are thse ___9___ are ttally engaged(参与) in academic life, taking full advantage f the cllege’s chances and resurces(资源). Students shuld have a prper attitude twards cllege befre thinking abut which cllege t attend, and it’s never t early t make necessary preparatins fr a healthy and ___10___(meaning) cllege experience.
【答案】7. suggests/suggested/has suggested
8. where 9. wh/that
10. meaningful
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。研究表明，大学的名气对学生来说并不重要，从大学生活中受益最多的是完全投入学术生活，充分利用大学机会和资源的学生。所以要以正确的态度来选择大学。
【7题详解】
考查时态。句意：对于这个问题的研究表明，对于大多数学生来说，它不重要。这里表示研究的客观结果，所以用一般现在时，一般过去时或现在完成时均可，故填suggests/suggested/has suggested。
【8题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里（哪所大学）更重要。这里表达去哪所大学，表示地点，作状语。故用where。
【9题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：从大学中获益最多的学生是那些完全投入学术生活的学生。___3___ are ttally engaged(参与)in academic life.是定语从句，修饰先行词thse，空格处在句中作主语，代指人，故填wh或that。
【10题详解】
考查形容词。这里与前面的healthy并列，修饰后面的名词cllege experience，故此处也要用形容词。故填meaningful。
第二节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Regardless f the weather r the distance, Paul Wilsn will make sure lw-incme students in his neighburhd arrive at their cllege classes n time.
A retired engineer, 76-year-ld Wilsn has been ___11___ free rides t cllege students fr the past eight years. Since he first started ___12___ his car t the yung peple. Wilsn has ___13___ an astnishing 64, 000 miles, and has had cuntless pleasant and ften humrus ___14___ with the students he transprts t and frm schl. The students wh he’s ___15___ have gne n t becme physicians, teachers and engineers, but what they’ve als gt ut f their time in schl is finding a rle mdel and a friend in Wilsn. Sme students ___16___ call him “Grandpa”.
Tina Stern ___17___ rides frm Wilsn fr all her fur years in cllege, and the trips meant much mre t her than just free ___18___. “It’s nt just a ride; yu’re nt just sitting there in ___19___ silence r with yur headphnes n.” Stern said. “He asks yu questins and actually ____20____ the answers, s the next time yu ride with him, he’ll ____21____ thse things.”
Wilsn first wrked as a driver thrugh a student-supprt prgramme f the nn-prfit rganisatin. On Pint fr Cllege. Althugh the ____22____ asks the members nly t drive students t and frm their classes, Wilsn ften ges ____23____ t ensure the welfare and safety f the students. If they have prblems with registratin, Wilsn is there t ____24____ them. If they run ut f certain daily necessities, Wilsn will drive t the nearest stre and purchase what’s needed. If a student gets hungry n the lng drives t and frm schl, Wilsn never ____25____ t buy them a meal.
Fr many students, Wilsn’s help is nt nly appreciated, it’s als entirely ____26____ fr them t be able t cmplete their cllege educatin. Sme students dn’t have a reliable car, while thers have t ____27____ vehicles with parents wh wrk six days a week. Fr them, riding with Wilsn has ____28____ them t cmplete their educatin — but accrding t Wilsn, he benefits just as much frm the ____29____. “I just lve driving and I lve these kids, ” Wilsn said. “It’s such a(n) ____30____ t be a part f these kids’ lives, even just fr a few hurs, getting t knw them and hearing their stries.”
11. A. linkingB. sendingC. fferingD. distributing
12. A. dnatingB. lendingC. deliveringD. vlunteering
13. A. pavedB. cveredC. measuredD. wandered
14. A. argumentsB. interviewsC. negtiatinsD. cnversatins
15. A. metB. drivenC. addressedD. greeted
16. A. evenB. everC. nceD. already
17 A. earnedB. receivedC. assessedD. demanded
18. A. transprtatinB. styleC. timeD. cmmunicatin
19. A. frcedB. awkwardC. ridiculusD. suspicius
20. A. selectsB. recitesC. guessesD. remembers
21. A. act nB. settle nC. check nD. agree n
22. A. clubB. leagueC. cllegeD. prgramme
23. A. farB. arundC. beyndD. frwards
24. A. assistB. watchC. urgeD. warn
25. A. expectsB. attemptsC. managesD. hesitates
26. A. extraB. unusualC. necessaryD. adequate
27. A. shareB. fuelC. repairD. exchange
28. A. requiredB. allwedC. remindedD. cnvinced
29. A. experienceB. arrangementC. appreciatinD. emplyment
30. A. effrtB. ambitinC. privilegeD. cnvenience
【答案】11. C 12. D 13. B 14. D 15. B 16. A 17. B 18. A 19. B 20. D 21. C 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. C
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了76岁的Paul Wilsn八年来一直免费接送低收入的学生上学的感人事迹。
【11题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. linking连接；B. sending寄送；C. ffering提供；D. distributing分配。根据第一段可知，Paul Wilsn确保低收入的学生按时到达学校。由此可以推知，该句应指：Wilsn给那些学生提供免费的乘车服务。故C选项正确。
【12题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. dnating捐献，捐赠；B. lending借出；C. delivering发表，投递；D. vlunteering自愿。根据上文中的“free rides”可知，Wilsn是主动自愿将自己的汽车提供给那些学生的。故D选项正确。
【13题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. paved铺设，安排；B. cvered行走，覆盖；C. measured测量，判断；D. wandered徘徊，漫步。Wilsn让那些学生免费搭车，迄今他已经行程64,000英里。表示“行走一段路程”，应用cver。故B选项正确。
【14题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. arguments争论；B. interviews接见，采访；C. negtiatins谈判；D. cnversatins谈话。Wilsn在接送学生们上下学的过程中，和学生之间有愉快幽默的“谈话，交谈”，故D选项正确。
【15题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. met遇见；B. driven驾车，开车；C. addressed演说；演讲；向……说话；D. greeted问候，迎接。根据上文可知，Wilsn每天接送那些学生，这些学生现在已经成为了物理学家，教师，工程师等。该空应该对应上一句中的“he transprts t and frm schl”， drive意为“驾车送（人）”。故B选项正确。
【16题详解】
考查副词辨析。A. even甚至；B. ever永远，曾经；C. nce一次，曾经；D. already已经。这些学生将Wilsn当作他们的偶像和朋友，有的甚至称他为“爷爷”。该空表示递进，故A选项正确。
【17题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. earned赚得；B. received接受；C. assessed评估；D. demanded要求。根据后面的介词frm可以推知，Tina Stern从Wilsn那儿收到免费的乘车机会。故B选项正确。
【18题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. transprtatin运输，运送；B. style风格，类型；C. time时间，次数；D. cmmunicatin交流。对Tina Stern来说，这些行程不仅仅只是免费的运送而已。故A选项正确。
【19题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. frced强迫的；B. awkward尴尬的，笨拙的；C. ridiculus可笑的；D. suspicius可疑的，怀疑的。Tina说：“那不仅仅是坐车而已。你并不只是坐在那儿，陷入令人尴尬的沉默中，也不是戴着耳麦坐在那儿。”坐在车里，彼此不交谈，只是沉默，这当然是令人尴尬的。故B选项正确。
【20题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. selects选择；B. recites背诵；C. guesses猜测；D. remembers记住，记得。每次坐车的时候，Wilsn会问这些学生问题，然后记住答案。故D选项正确。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. act n对……起作用；B. settle n定居，决定；C. check n检查，核实；D. agree n对……取得一致意见。在坐车的时候，Wilsn会问这些学生问题，然后记住答案。下一次这些学生再坐车的时候，Wilsn会检查上次提到的这些东西。该句指的是在乘车期间，Wilsn会利用这个机会了解考查学生们的学习情况。故C选项正确。
【22题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. club俱乐部；B. league联盟，社团；C. cllege大学；D. prgramme项目，计划。Wilsn最初通过一个非盈利组织On Pint fr Cllege的一个项目作了一名司机。该项目只要求它的成员们接送孩子们上下学。根据上句中的“student-supprt prgramme”可知，D选项正确。
【23题详解】
考查副词辨析。A. far远地；B. arund到处；C. beynd更远处，超过；D. frwards向前。结合下文中提到的“If they have prblems with registratin, Wilsn is there t ____ them. If they run ut f…If a student gets hungry…”可知，Wilsn的所作所为超过了该项目的要求。故C选项正确。
【24题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. assist帮助；B. watch观看；C. urge强烈要求；D. warn警告。如果孩子们在登记方面有问题，Wilsn会去帮助他们（解决相关的问题）。故A选项正确。
【25题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. expects期望；B. attempts试图；C. manages经营，设法；D. hesitates犹豫。从上文举的例子可知，该部分都表达的是Wilsn对孩子们的帮助。因此该处应指：当孩子们在上下学的途中饿了的时候，Wilsn都会马上给他们去买吃的，从未犹豫过。故D选项正确。
【26题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. extra额外的；B. unusual不寻常的；C. necessary必需的；D. adequate充足的，适当的。根据下文中“Sme students dn’t have a reliable car, while thers…Fr them, riding with Wilsn has ____ them t cmplete their educatin”可以推知，对于那些乘车有困难的学生来说，乘坐Wilsn的车对于他们完成大学教育来说是必需的。故C选项正确。
【27题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. share分享；B. fuel加燃料；C. repair修理；D. exchange交换。有的学生没法得到可靠的汽车，有的学生必须和他们一周工作六天的家长共用车辆。表示“共用”，需用share。故A选项正确。
【28题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. required需要；B. allwed允许；C. reminded提醒，使想起；D. cnvinced说服，使信服。乘坐Wilsn的汽车使得他们可以完成大学教育。表示“允许某人做某事，使某人能够做某事”应该用allw sb. t d sth.。故B选项正确。
【29题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. experience经历，经验；B. arrangement安排；C. appreciatin欣赏，感激；D. emplyment雇用，使用。Wilsn认为自己从接送学生们上学的“经历”中受益颇多。A选项正确。
【30题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. effrt努力；B. ambitin雄心，志向；C. privilege荣幸，特权，优待；D. cnvenience方便，便利。Wilsn认为自己从接送学生们上学的“经历”中受益颇多。在这个过程中，他认识了这些学生，听到他们的故事，他认为这是自己的“荣幸”，故C选项正确。
第二部分:阅读理解(共两节，40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，共30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Want t explre new cultures, meet new peple and d smething wrthwhile at the same time? Yu can d all the three with Glbal Develpment Assciatin(GDA). Whatever stage f life yu’re at, wherever yu g and whatever prject yu d in GDA, yu’ll create psitive changes in a pr and remte cmmunity(社区).
We wrk with vlunteers f all ages and backgrunds. Mst f ur vlunteers are aged 17-24. Nw we need vlunteer managers aged 25-75. They are extremely imprtant in the safe and effective running f ur prgrammes. We have such rles as prject managers, muntain leaders, and cmmunicatin fficers.
Depending n which rle yu chse, yu culd help t increase a cmmunity’s access t safe drinking water, r help t prtect valuable lcal cultures. Yu might als design an adventure challenge t train yung vlunteers.
Nt nly will yu help ur yung vlunteers t develp persnally, yu’ll als learn new skills and increase yur cultural awareness. Yu may have chances t meet new peple wh’ll becme yur lifelng friends.
This summer we have bth 4-week and 7-week prgrammes:
GDA ensures that vlunteers wrk with cmmunity members and lcal prject partners where ur help is needed. All ur prjects aim t prmte the develpment f pr and remte cmmunities.
There is n ther chance like a GDA prgramme. Jin us as a vlunteer manager t develp yur wn skills while bringing benefits t the cmmunities.
Find ut mre abut jining a GDA prgramme:
Email:humanresurces@gldeve.rg
31. What is the main respnsibility f vlunteer managers?
A. T seek lcal partners.B. T take in yung vlunteers.
C. T carry ut prgrammes.D. T fster cultural awareness.
32. The prgramme beginning in August will perate in ________.
A. EgyptB. AlgeriaC. KenyaD. Suth Africa
33. The shared gal f GDA’s prjects t ________.
A. explre new culturesB. prtect the envirnment
C. gain crprate benefitD. help cmmunities in need
【答案】31. C 32. D 33. D
【解析】
本文是一则广告。Glbal Develpment Assciatin(GDA)致力于积极的改变贫穷和偏远的社区，在这里能探索新的文化，结识新朋友，同时做一些有价值的事。文章为GDA招募志愿者并介绍了今年夏天的具体项目。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。题干问管理人员的主要职责是什么。根据第三段中Depending n which rle yu chse, yu culd help t increase ...,r help t might als design...可知，根据岗位不同，管理人员可以帮助增加小区的饮用水，可以规划地方文化，可以设计挑战项目培训年轻的志愿者，从这些内容上可以判断出其主要职责是执行项目计划。故选C。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。题干问八月份开始的这个项目将在哪里开展。根据这个表格中4-week prgrammes中的最后一个Suth Africa 2 Aug—29 Aug，可知八月在南非开始，答案选D。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。题干问GDA的所有项目的共同目的是什么。根据第一段yu’ll create psitive changes in a pr and remte cmmunity.和倒数第二段中All ur prjects aim t prmte the develpment f pr and remte cmmunities可知，其目标就是促进偏远贫穷区域的发展，即帮助有需要的社区。故选D。
B
Alice Mre is a teenager entrepreneur(创业者), wh in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy. By the time she was 13, her cmpany was wrth millins f dllars with the inventin f a super-sweet treat that culd save kids’ teeth, instead f destrying them.
It all began when Mre visited a bank with her dad. On the uting, she was ffered a candy bar. Hwever, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad fr her teeth. But Mre was sick f missing ut n candies. S she desired t get rund the warning, “Why can’t I make a healthy candy that’s gd fr my teeth s that my parents can’t say n t it?” With that in mind, Mre asked her dad if she culd start her wn candy cmpany. He recmmended that she d sme research and talk t dentists abut what a healthier candy wuld cntain.
With her dad’s permissin, she spent the next tw years researching nline and cnducting trials t get a recipe that was bth tasty and tth-friendly. She als apprached dentists t learn mre abut teeth cleaning. Cnsequently, she succeeded in making a kind f candy nly using natural sweeteners, which can reduce ral bacteria.
Mre then used her savings t get her business ff the grund. Afterwards, she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket wner, wh finally agreed t sell Mre’s prduct—CanCandy.
As CanCandy’s success grws, s des Mre’s credibility as a yung entrepreneur. Mre is enthusiastic abut the candy she created, and she’s als psitive abut what the future might bring. She hpes that every kid can have a clean muth and a brad smile.
Meanwhile, with her parents’ help, Mre is generally able t live a nrmal teenage life. Althugh she funded her cmpany early n in life, she wasn’t driven primarily by prfit. Mre wants t use her unique talent t help thers find their smiles. She dnates 10% f AilicCandy’s prfits t Big Smiles. With her talent and determinatin, it appears that the sky culd be the limit fr Alice Mre.
34. Hw did Mre react t her dad’s warning?
A. She argued with him.B. She tried t find a way ut.
C. She paid n attentin.D. She chse t cnsult dentists.
35. What is special abut CanCandy?
A. It is beneficial t dental health.B. It is free f sweeteners.
C. It is sweeter than ther candies.D. It is prduced t a dentists’ recipe.
36. What des Mre expect frm her business?
A. T earn mre mney.B. T help thers find smiles.
C. T make herself stand ut.D. T beat ther candy cmpanies.
37. What can we learn frm Alice Mre’s stry?
A. Fame is a great thirst f the yung.
B. A yuth is t be regarded with respect.
C. Psitive thinking and actin result in success.
D. Success means getting persnal desires satisfied
【答案】34. B 35. A 36. B 37. C
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Alice Mre，一个年轻有为的创业者的故事，故事告诉我们：积极的思考和行动会带来成功。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的But Mre was sick f missing ut n candies. S she desired t get rund the warning, “Why can’t I make a healthy candy that’s gd fr my teeth s that my parents can’t say n t it?”及下文她想方设法最终制作出了叫CanCandy的糖果可知，她对父亲的警告的反应是：她试图找到一条出路，解决问题。故选B。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的Cnsequently, she succeeded in making a kind f candy nly using natural sweeteners, which can reduce ral bacteria.可知，这种糖只使用天然甜味剂，可以减少口腔细菌，因此它对牙齿有利。故选A。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的Mre wants t use her unique talent t help thers find their smiles.可知，Mre想用她独特的才能帮助其他人找到自己的笑容。故选B。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。文章主要讲述了Mr的创业故事，她之所以能成功，源于面对问题和困难时，她乐观地看待问题，积极地想方设法去解决问题。因此，通过她的故事让我们懂得积极的思考和行动会带来成功。故选C。
C
The prblem f rbcalls has gtten s bad that many peple nw refuse t pick up calls frm numbers they dn’t knw. By next year, half f the calls we receive will be scams(欺诈). We are finally waking up t the severity f the prblem by supprting and develping a grup f tls, apps and appraches intended t prevent scammers frm getting thrugh. Unfrtunately, it’s t little, t late. By the time these “slutins”(解决方案) becme widely available, scammers will have mved nt cleverer means. In the near future, it’s nt just ging t be the number yu see n yur screen that will be in dubt. Sn yu will als questin whether the vice yu’re hearing is actually real.
That’s because there are a number f pwerful vice manipulatin(处理) and autmatin technlgies that are abut t becme widely available fr anyne t use. At this year’s I/O Cnference, a cmpany shwed a new vice technlgy able t prduce such a cnvincing human-sunding vice that it was able t speak t a receptinist and bk a reservatin withut detectin.
These develpments are likely t make ur current prblems with rbcalls much wrse. The reasn that rbcalls are a headache has less t d with amunt than precisin. A decade f data breaches(数据侵入) f persnal infrmatin has led t a situatin where scammers can easily learn yur mther’s name, and far mre. Armed with this knwledge, they’re able t carry ut individually targeted campaigns t cheat peple. This means, fr example, that a scammer culd call yu frm what lks t be a familiar number and talk t yu using a vice that sunds exactly like yur bank teller’s, tricking yu int “cnfirming” yur address, mther’s name, and card number. Scammers fllw mney, s cmpanies will be the wrst hit. A lt f business is still dne ver the phne, and much f it is based n trust and existing relatinships. Vice manipulatin technlgies may weaken that gradually.
We need t deal with the insecure nature f ur telecm netwrks. Phne carriers and cnsumers need t wrk tgether t find ways f determining and cmmunicating what is real. That might mean either develping a unifrm way t mark vides and images, shwing when and wh they were made by, r abandning phne calls altgether and mving twards data-based cmmunicatins—using apps like FaceTime r WhatsApp, which can be tied t yur identity.
Credibility is hard t earn but easy t lse, and the prblem is nly ging t get harder frm here n ut.
38. Hw des the authr feel abut the slutins t prblem f rbcalls?
A. Panicked.B. Cnfused.C. Embarrassed.D. Disappinted.
39. Taking advantage f the new technlgies, scammer can ________.
A. aim at victims preciselyB. damage databases easily
C. start campaigns rapidlyD. spread infrmatin widely
40. What des the passage imply?
A. Hnesty is the best plicy.
B. Technlgies can be duble-edged.
C. There are mre slutins than prblems.
D. Credibility hlds the key t develpment.
41. Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Where the Prblem f Rbcalls Is Rted
B. Wh Is t Blame fr the Prblem f Rbcalls
C. Why Rbcalls Are Abut t Get Mre Dangerus
D. Hw Rbcalls Are Affecting the Wrld f Technlgy
【答案】38. D 39. A 40. B 41. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章指出语音操作与自动化技术的出现使得机器人电话可以以假乱真，欺诈现象更加严重，解决这个问题需要电话运营商和消费者共同努力。
【38题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的We are finally waking up t the severity f the prblem by supprting and develping a grup f tls, apps and appraches intended t prevent scammers frm getting thrugh. Unfrtunately, it’s t little, t late. By the time these “slutins”(解决方案) becme widely available, scammers will have mved nt cleverer means.可知，我们认识到了问题的严重性，支持和开发了旨在防止欺诈者通过的工具、应用程序和方法，。不幸的是，我们的努力太少了，也太晚了。在这些“解决方案”被广泛使用的时候，骗子将转移到更巧妙的手段上。由此推知，作者认为这些“解决办法”对于解决问题起不了什么作用，因此作者感到很“失望”。故D选项正确。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的The reasn that rbcalls are a headache has less t d with amunt than precisin. A decade f data breaches(数据侵入) f persnal infrmatin has led t a situatin where scammers can easily learn yur mther’s name, and far mre. Armed with this knwledge, they’re able t carry ut individually targeted campaigns t cheat peple. This means, fr example, that a scammer culd call yu frm what lks t be a familiar number and talk t yu using a vice that sunds exactly like yur bank teller’s, tricking yu int “cnfirming” yur address, mther’s name, and card number.可知，机器人通话之所以令人头痛，与其说与数量有关，不如说与精确度有关。长达十年的个人信息泄露已经导致了这样一种情况：骗子可以轻易地知道你母亲的名字，甚至更多。有了这些知识，他们就能够开展有针对性的活动来欺骗人们。根据这些可知，利用这种新的技术，欺诈者们可以精确的确定他们行骗的目标。故A选项正确。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句At this year’s I/O Cnference, a cmpany shwed a new vice technlgy able t prduce such a cnvincing human-sunding vice that it was able t speak t a receptinist and bk a reservatin withut detectin.可知，这项语音技术可以产生一个听起来和人类非常相似的声音，它可以和接待员进行交谈，进行预订。由此可知，这项新技术有其好的方面。根据第三段的叙述可知，欺诈者们可以利用这项新技术来进行欺诈行为。由此推知，这项新技术既可以发挥好的作用，也可能为坏人所利用，产生不好的影响，因此可以说它是一把双刃剑。故B选项正确。
41题详解】
主旨大意题。第一段提到：rbcalls（机器人电话：自动拨号播放录音信息的推销电话）在未来变得会越来越严重，不仅仅是出现在你的手机屏幕上的电话号码令人怀疑，而且你会质疑听到的声音是否是真的。第二段介绍原因：语音操作与自动化技术的出现使得机器人电话可以以假乱真。第三段介绍了语音操作和自动化技术发展会使得机器人电话产生的问题更加严重。最后两段提出我们该如何应对这些问题。综上，文章第一段点明文章中心：机器人电话问题在未来会变得越来越严重。下文都是围绕这一话题展开的。故C选项适合作标题。
D
By the end f the century, if nt sner, the wrld’s ceans will be bluer and greener thanks t a warming climate, accrding t a new study.
At the heart f the phenmenn lie tiny marine micrrganisms(海洋微生物) called phytplanktn. Because f the way light reflects ff the rganisms, these phytplanktn create clurful patterns at the cean surface. Ocean clur varies frm green t blue, depending n the type and cncentratin f phytplanktn. Climate change will fuel the grwth f phytplanktn in sme areas, while reducing it in ther spts, leading t changes in the cean’s appearance.
Phytplanktn live at the cean surface, where they pull carbn dixide(二氧化碳) int the cean while giving ff xygen. When these rganisms die, they bury carbn in the deep cean, an imprtant prcess that helps t regulate the glbal climate. But phytplanktn are vulnerable t the cean’s warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics f the cean and can affect phytplanktn grwth, since they need nt nly sunlight and carbn dixide t grw, but als nutrients.
Stephanie Dutkiewicz, a scientist in MIT’s Center fr Glbal Change Science, built a climate mdel that prjects changes t the ceans thrughut the century. In a wrld that warms up by 3℃, it fund that multiple changes t the clur f the ceans wuld ccur. The mdel prjects that currently blue areas with little phytplanktn culd becme even bluer. But in sme waters, such as thse f the Arctic, a warming will make cnditins riper fr phytplanktn, and these areas will turn greener. “Nt nly are the quantities f phytplanktn in the cean changing. ” she said, “but the type f phytplanktn is changing.”
And why des that matter? Phytplanktn are the base f the fd web. If certain kinds begin t disappear frm the cean, Dutkiewicz said, “it will change the type f fish that will be able t survive.” Thse kinds f changes culd affect the fd chain.
Whatever clur changes the cean experiences in the cming decades will prbably be t gradual and unnticeable, but they culd mean significant changes. “It’ll be a while befre we can statistically shw that the changes are happening because f climate change,” Dutkiewicz said, “but the change in the clur f the cean will be ne f the early warning signals that we really have changed ur planet.”
42. What are the first tw paragraphs mainly abut?
A. The varius patterns at the cean surface.
B. The cause f the changes in cean clur.
C. The way light reflects ff marine rganisms.
D. The effrts t fuel the grwth f phytplanktn.
43. What des the underlined wrd “vulnerable” in Paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. Sensitive.B. Beneficial.C. Significant.D. Unnticeable.
44. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Phytplanktn play a declining rle in the marine ecsystem.
B. Dutkiewicz’s mdel aims t prject phytplanktn changes.
C. Phytplanktn have been used t cntrl glbal climate.
D. Oceans with mre phytplanktn may appear greener.
45. What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T assess the cnsequences f cean clur changes.
B. T analyse the cmpsitin f the cean fd chain.
C. T explain the effects f climate change n ceans.
D. T intrduce a new methd t study phytplanktn.
【答案】42. B 43. A 44. D 45. C
【解析】
本文为一篇说明文。一项最新研究表明，由于气候变暖，世界海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿。这一现象的原因是因为一种叫做浮游植物的微小海洋微生物，因为光线反射的作用，它们在海洋表面形成了五颜六色的图案，现在浮游植物受到海洋变暖趋势的影响，让浮游植物的生长更加旺盛，所以海洋相应会变得更蓝、更绿。
【42题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段By the end f the century, if nt sner, the wrld’s ceans will be bluer and greener thanks t a warming climate, accrding t a new study.可知，一项新的研究表明，到本世纪末，由于气候变暖，如果不尽快的话，世界上的海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿。结合第二段At the heart f the phenmenn lie tiny marine micrrganisms(海洋微生物) called phytplanktn. Because f the way light reflects ff the rganisms, these phytplanktn create clurful patterns at the cean surface. Ocean clur varies frm green t blue, depending n the type and cncentratin f phytplanktn.可知，这种现象的核心是一种叫做浮游植物的微小海洋微生物，在光线的作用下在海洋表面形成了五颜六色的图案。海洋的颜色从绿色到蓝色不等，这取决于海洋的类型和浮游植物浓度。由此可推断出这两段主要叙述了海洋生物是海洋颜色变化的原因。故选B。
【43题详解】
猜测词义题。根据划线词后的Warming changes key characteristics f the cean and can affect phytplanktn grwth, since they need nt nly sunlight and carbn dixide t grw, but als nutrients.可知，气候变暖会改变海洋的主要特征，并会影响浮游植物的生长。由此可判断，浮游植物很容易受到海洋变暖趋势的影响，也就是很敏感。故A项正确。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段The mdel prjects that currently blue areas with little phytplanktn culd becme even bluer. But in sme waters, such as thse f the Arctic, a warming will make cnditins riper fr phytplanktn, and these areas will turn greener.可知，Dutkiewicz的模型预测，目前只有少量浮游植物的蓝色区域可能会变得更蓝。但是在一些水域，比如北极，气候变暖会使浮游植物的生长条件更加成熟，而这些水域会变得更绿了。由此可推断，浮游植物的生长条件更加成熟，浮游动植物就更多了，这些水域会变得更绿了。故D项正确。
【45题详解】
主旨大意题。第一段提出文章的主旨By the end f the century, if nt sner, the wrld’s ceans will be bluer and greener thanks t a warming climate, accrding t a new study.可知，一项新的研究表明，到本世纪末，由于气候变暖，如果不尽快的话，世界上的海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿，接下来详细讲述了原因。故C项正确。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Much f the wrk in tday’s wrld is accmplished(完成) in teams. Mst peple believe the best way t build a great team is t gather a grup f the mst talented individuals. ___46___Cmpanies spend millins hiring tp business peple. Is their mney well spent?
___47___They fcused n ftball, basketball and baseball. The results are mixed. Fr ftball and basketball, adding talented players t a team prves a gd methd, but nly up t the pint where 70% f the players are tp talent; abve that level, the team’s perfrmance begins t decline. Interestingly, this trend isn’t evident in baseball, where additinal individual talent keeps imprving the team’s perfrmance.
T explain this phenmenn, the researchers explred the degree t which a gd perfrmance by a team requires its members t crdinate(协调) their actins. ___48___In baseball, the perfrmance f individual players is less dependent n teammates. They cnclude that when task interdependence is high, team perfrmance will suffer when there is t much talent, while individual talent will have psitive effects n team perfrmance when task interdependence is lwer. If a basketball star is, fr example, trying t gain a high persnal pint ttal, he may take a sht himself when it wuld be better t pass the ball t a teammate, affecting the team’s perfrmance. Yung children learning t play team sprts are ften tld, “There is n I in TEAM.” ___49___
Anther pssibility is that when there is a lt f talent n a team, sme players may make less effrt. Just as in a game f tug-f-war(拔河比赛), whenever a persn is added, everyne else pulls the rpe with less frce.
___50___ An A-team may require a balance--nt just A players, but a few generus B players as well.
A. It’s nt a simple matter t determine the nature f talent.
B. Sprts team wners spend millins f dllars attracting tp talent.
C. The grup interactin and its effect drew the researchers’ attentin.
D. Stars apparently d nt fllw this basic principle f sprtsmanship.
E Several recent studies examined the rle f talent in the sprts wrld.
F. Building up a dream team is mre cmplex than simply hiring the best talent.
G. This task interdependence distinguishes baseball frm ftball and basketball.
【答案】46. B 47. E 48. G 49. D 50. F
【解析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡——不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些有雅量的普通球员。
【46题详解】
上文说“大多数人相信建立一个伟大团队的最好方法就是聚集一群最有天赋的个人”。下文说“公司花费数百万雇佣顶级商业人士。”该空承上启下，也是在举例，B选项“运动队老板花费数百万美元吸引顶尖人才。”切题，故选B。
【47题详解】
下文说“他们专注于足球、篮球和棒球。结果有好有坏。”这些都属于体育方面，该空引出下文，E选项“最近的几项研究调查了体育世界中人才的作用。”切题，故选E。
【48题详解】
上文说“为了解释这一现象，研究人员探索了一场好的表现要求队员们协调他们行动的程度”，下文说明了研究结果，该空承上启下，G选项“这项任务的相互依赖性使棒球区别于足球和篮球。”切题，故选G。
【49题详解】
上文说了“一个球星为了个人得分，而影响团队的表现”，该空承接上文，D选项“球星显然没有遵守运动员精神的基本原则”切题，故选D。
【50题详解】
下文说“一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡——不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些有雅量的普通球员。”该空引出下文，F选项“建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。”切题，故选F。
第三部分:书面表达(共两节，35分)
第一节 (15分)
51.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim打算暑假期间来北京、天津和上海旅游，发来邮件询问相关信息。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1. 交通出行；
2. 必备衣物。
注意：
1. 词数不少于50；
2. 开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
I’m pleased that yu’re cming t tur in China.
I suggest that yu begin frm Beijing, and I’ll shw yu arund. Tianjin will be yur next stp. After that, yu can g t Shanghai, where yu can stay fr a week. Yu can take high-speed trains t bth cities.
Summer in these cities is ht and rainy, s take summer wear plus an umbrella with yu.
Lking frward t yur arrival.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇应用文，要求给朋友写回信。
【详解】红星中学高三学生李华的英国好友Jim打算暑假期间来北京、天津和上海旅游，发来邮件询问相关信息。要求给他回复邮件，内容包括: 1.交通出行；2.必备衣物。本文时态应采用一般现在时和一般将来时，用第一人称和第二人称来写。文章可以分为三部分来写：首先表达欢迎Jim来中国；然后交代交通出行和必备衣物；最后盼望朋友的到来。注意使用高级词汇和句式，为文章增添色彩；注意使用连接词、衔接词，使文章自然、流畅。
【点睛】本文内容完整，语言表述流畅。文章使用了几个高分句型。that yu’re cming t tur in China.和that yu begin frm Beijing, and I’ll shw yu arund.是宾语从句。where yu can stay fr a week.是非限制性定语从句。
第二节(20分)
52.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你们班上周组织了一次以“劳动最光荣”为主题的社会实践活动。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记述整个过程。
注意：词数不少于60。
提示词：西瓜watermeln
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Last week I tk part in a farmwrk prgramme in the suburbs.
At the class meeting, ur teacher tld us abut the prgramme with the theme “Wrking is mst beautiful”. And he stressed the imprtance f wrking with ur wn hands.
When I gt hme, I packed up my luggage fr the trip.
On the farm, we helped pick watermelns. While wrking, I realised hw hard it was t wrk in the fields under a ht sun.
When I came back hme, I shared my experiences with my parents. And they were very prud f me.
【解析】
【分析】
本文属于图画作文，要求根据图画内容写一篇英文周记
【详解】假如你是红星中学高三学生李华，你们班上周组织了一次以“劳动最光荣”为主题的社会实践活动。要求根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记述整个过程。分析四幅图可知，图画作文内容要点比较清晰，其中包括：老师宣布活动内容和意义，我为活动准备，在农场的劳动过程，介绍活动感受。这样有利于学生写作时发挥与扩展。全文可分成三部分，开头段概括活动，中间段描述图画，结尾段总结收获和意义。文章用第一人称来写，使用一般过去时。
【点睛】本文内容完整，语言表述通顺。使用了连接词、衔接词，使文章自然、流畅。文章使用了宾语从句hw hard it was t wrk in the fields under a ht sun.，还使用了At the class meeting, When I gt hme, On the farm, While wrking, When I came back hme等过渡词，使文章上下文衔接流畅。
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钱老师 QQ：537008204 曹老师 QQ：713000635
Cuntry
Schedule
4-week prgrammes
7-week prgrammes
Algeria
5 Jul. — 1 Aug.
20 Jun. — 7 Aug.
Egypt
24 Jul. — 20 Aug.
19 Jun. — 6 Aug.
Kenya
20 Jul. — 16 Aug.
18 Jun. — 5 Aug.
Suth Africa
2 Aug. — 29 Aug.
15 Jun. — 2 Aug.
(考试时间:100分钟 试卷满分:120分)
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分:知识运用(共两节，45分)
第一节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
On the first day f my first grade, I std by the dr with butterflies in my stmach. I ___1___(vice) my biggest cncern t my mther. “Hw will I make friends?” She handed me advice. “Be yurself.” Fr the past 20 years, I have lived by these wrds. Sn I will graduate and becme part f the real wrld. Nervusly ___2___(face) challenges, I knw I will whisper t ___3___(I) the tw simple wrds “Be yurself”.
【答案】1. viced
2. facing 3. myself
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。作者在一年级的第一天，对交友感到困惑，妈妈的建议Be yurself（做自己）让作者受益良多。
【1题详解】
考查时态。句意：我向妈妈表达了我最大的担忧，“我将如何交朋友？”此处的vice是动词，“表达”的意思，作谓语。叙述的是一年级的事情，用一般过去时。故填viced。
【2题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“Be yurself”。分析句式可知，此处是作句子的状语，要用非谓语动词，其逻辑主语是I，与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填facing。
【3题详解】
考查代词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“Be yurself”。本句的主语是I，当宾语与主语是同一人称时，宾语要用反身代词。故填myself。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Earth Day, ___4___(mark) n 22 April, is an annual event aiming t raise public awareness abut envirnmental prtectin. First celebrated ___5___ 1970, the Day nw includes events in mre than 190 cuntries and regins(地区). N matter what yu like t d, there is a way t get invlved in varius ___6___(activity) n Earth Day. Yu can plant a tree, make a meal with lcally grwn vegetables, r save pwer—the pssibilities are endless.
【答案】4. marked
5. in 6. activities
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了地球日这一节日的历史和意义。
【4题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：地球日于4月22日举行，是一项旨在提高公众环保意识的年度活动。分析句式可知，设空处是要作名词Earth Day的后置定语，且两者之间是被动关系，要用过去分词。故填marked。
【5题详解】
考查介词。句意：第一次庆祝是在1970年。如今，这一天的活动遍及190多个国家和地区。在年份前要用介词in。故填in。
【6题详解】
考查名词。句意：无论你喜欢做什么，有一个方法可以让你参与地球日的各种活动。根据设空前的修饰词varius可知，此处要用名词的复数形式。故填activities。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Des the name f the cllege yu attend really matter? Research n the questin ___7___(suggest) that, fr mst students, it desn’t. What students d at cllege seems t matter much mre than ___8___ they g. The students benefitting mst frm cllege are thse ___9___ are ttally engaged(参与) in academic life, taking full advantage f the cllege’s chances and resurces(资源). Students shuld have a prper attitude twards cllege befre thinking abut which cllege t attend, and it’s never t early t make necessary preparatins fr a healthy and ___10___(meaning) cllege experience.
【答案】7. suggests/suggested/has suggested
8. where 9. wh/that
10. meaningful
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。研究表明，大学的名气对学生来说并不重要，从大学生活中受益最多的是完全投入学术生活，充分利用大学机会和资源的学生。所以要以正确的态度来选择大学。
【7题详解】
考查时态。句意：对于这个问题的研究表明，对于大多数学生来说，它不重要。这里表示研究的客观结果，所以用一般现在时，一般过去时或现在完成时均可，故填suggests/suggested/has suggested。
【8题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里（哪所大学）更重要。这里表达去哪所大学，表示地点，作状语。故用where。
【9题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：从大学中获益最多的学生是那些完全投入学术生活的学生。___3___ are ttally engaged(参与)in academic life.是定语从句，修饰先行词thse，空格处在句中作主语，代指人，故填wh或that。
【10题详解】
考查形容词。这里与前面的healthy并列，修饰后面的名词cllege experience，故此处也要用形容词。故填meaningful。
第二节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Regardless f the weather r the distance, Paul Wilsn will make sure lw-incme students in his neighburhd arrive at their cllege classes n time.
A retired engineer, 76-year-ld Wilsn has been ___11___ free rides t cllege students fr the past eight years. Since he first started ___12___ his car t the yung peple. Wilsn has ___13___ an astnishing 64, 000 miles, and has had cuntless pleasant and ften humrus ___14___ with the students he transprts t and frm schl. The students wh he’s ___15___ have gne n t becme physicians, teachers and engineers, but what they’ve als gt ut f their time in schl is finding a rle mdel and a friend in Wilsn. Sme students ___16___ call him “Grandpa”.
Tina Stern ___17___ rides frm Wilsn fr all her fur years in cllege, and the trips meant much mre t her than just free ___18___. “It’s nt just a ride; yu’re nt just sitting there in ___19___ silence r with yur headphnes n.” Stern said. “He asks yu questins and actually ____20____ the answers, s the next time yu ride with him, he’ll ____21____ thse things.”
Wilsn first wrked as a driver thrugh a student-supprt prgramme f the nn-prfit rganisatin. On Pint fr Cllege. Althugh the ____22____ asks the members nly t drive students t and frm their classes, Wilsn ften ges ____23____ t ensure the welfare and safety f the students. If they have prblems with registratin, Wilsn is there t ____24____ them. If they run ut f certain daily necessities, Wilsn will drive t the nearest stre and purchase what’s needed. If a student gets hungry n the lng drives t and frm schl, Wilsn never ____25____ t buy them a meal.
Fr many students, Wilsn’s help is nt nly appreciated, it’s als entirely ____26____ fr them t be able t cmplete their cllege educatin. Sme students dn’t have a reliable car, while thers have t ____27____ vehicles with parents wh wrk six days a week. Fr them, riding with Wilsn has ____28____ them t cmplete their educatin — but accrding t Wilsn, he benefits just as much frm the ____29____. “I just lve driving and I lve these kids, ” Wilsn said. “It’s such a(n) ____30____ t be a part f these kids’ lives, even just fr a few hurs, getting t knw them and hearing their stries.”
11. A. linkingB. sendingC. fferingD. distributing
12. A. dnatingB. lendingC. deliveringD. vlunteering
13. A. pavedB. cveredC. measuredD. wandered
14. A. argumentsB. interviewsC. negtiatinsD. cnversatins
15. A. metB. drivenC. addressedD. greeted
16. A. evenB. everC. nceD. already
17 A. earnedB. receivedC. assessedD. demanded
18. A. transprtatinB. styleC. timeD. cmmunicatin
19. A. frcedB. awkwardC. ridiculusD. suspicius
20. A. selectsB. recitesC. guessesD. remembers
21. A. act nB. settle nC. check nD. agree n
22. A. clubB. leagueC. cllegeD. prgramme
23. A. farB. arundC. beyndD. frwards
24. A. assistB. watchC. urgeD. warn
25. A. expectsB. attemptsC. managesD. hesitates
26. A. extraB. unusualC. necessaryD. adequate
27. A. shareB. fuelC. repairD. exchange
28. A. requiredB. allwedC. remindedD. cnvinced
29. A. experienceB. arrangementC. appreciatinD. emplyment
30. A. effrtB. ambitinC. privilegeD. cnvenience
【答案】11. C 12. D 13. B 14. D 15. B 16. A 17. B 18. A 19. B 20. D 21. C 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. C
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了76岁的Paul Wilsn八年来一直免费接送低收入的学生上学的感人事迹。
【11题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. linking连接；B. sending寄送；C. ffering提供；D. distributing分配。根据第一段可知，Paul Wilsn确保低收入的学生按时到达学校。由此可以推知，该句应指：Wilsn给那些学生提供免费的乘车服务。故C选项正确。
【12题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. dnating捐献，捐赠；B. lending借出；C. delivering发表，投递；D. vlunteering自愿。根据上文中的“free rides”可知，Wilsn是主动自愿将自己的汽车提供给那些学生的。故D选项正确。
【13题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. paved铺设，安排；B. cvered行走，覆盖；C. measured测量，判断；D. wandered徘徊，漫步。Wilsn让那些学生免费搭车，迄今他已经行程64,000英里。表示“行走一段路程”，应用cver。故B选项正确。
【14题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. arguments争论；B. interviews接见，采访；C. negtiatins谈判；D. cnversatins谈话。Wilsn在接送学生们上下学的过程中，和学生之间有愉快幽默的“谈话，交谈”，故D选项正确。
【15题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. met遇见；B. driven驾车，开车；C. addressed演说；演讲；向……说话；D. greeted问候，迎接。根据上文可知，Wilsn每天接送那些学生，这些学生现在已经成为了物理学家，教师，工程师等。该空应该对应上一句中的“he transprts t and frm schl”， drive意为“驾车送（人）”。故B选项正确。
【16题详解】
考查副词辨析。A. even甚至；B. ever永远，曾经；C. nce一次，曾经；D. already已经。这些学生将Wilsn当作他们的偶像和朋友，有的甚至称他为“爷爷”。该空表示递进，故A选项正确。
【17题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. earned赚得；B. received接受；C. assessed评估；D. demanded要求。根据后面的介词frm可以推知，Tina Stern从Wilsn那儿收到免费的乘车机会。故B选项正确。
【18题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. transprtatin运输，运送；B. style风格，类型；C. time时间，次数；D. cmmunicatin交流。对Tina Stern来说，这些行程不仅仅只是免费的运送而已。故A选项正确。
【19题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. frced强迫的；B. awkward尴尬的，笨拙的；C. ridiculus可笑的；D. suspicius可疑的，怀疑的。Tina说：“那不仅仅是坐车而已。你并不只是坐在那儿，陷入令人尴尬的沉默中，也不是戴着耳麦坐在那儿。”坐在车里，彼此不交谈，只是沉默，这当然是令人尴尬的。故B选项正确。
【20题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. selects选择；B. recites背诵；C. guesses猜测；D. remembers记住，记得。每次坐车的时候，Wilsn会问这些学生问题，然后记住答案。故D选项正确。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. act n对……起作用；B. settle n定居，决定；C. check n检查，核实；D. agree n对……取得一致意见。在坐车的时候，Wilsn会问这些学生问题，然后记住答案。下一次这些学生再坐车的时候，Wilsn会检查上次提到的这些东西。该句指的是在乘车期间，Wilsn会利用这个机会了解考查学生们的学习情况。故C选项正确。
【22题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. club俱乐部；B. league联盟，社团；C. cllege大学；D. prgramme项目，计划。Wilsn最初通过一个非盈利组织On Pint fr Cllege的一个项目作了一名司机。该项目只要求它的成员们接送孩子们上下学。根据上句中的“student-supprt prgramme”可知，D选项正确。
【23题详解】
考查副词辨析。A. far远地；B. arund到处；C. beynd更远处，超过；D. frwards向前。结合下文中提到的“If they have prblems with registratin, Wilsn is there t ____ them. If they run ut f…If a student gets hungry…”可知，Wilsn的所作所为超过了该项目的要求。故C选项正确。
【24题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. assist帮助；B. watch观看；C. urge强烈要求；D. warn警告。如果孩子们在登记方面有问题，Wilsn会去帮助他们（解决相关的问题）。故A选项正确。
【25题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. expects期望；B. attempts试图；C. manages经营，设法；D. hesitates犹豫。从上文举的例子可知，该部分都表达的是Wilsn对孩子们的帮助。因此该处应指：当孩子们在上下学的途中饿了的时候，Wilsn都会马上给他们去买吃的，从未犹豫过。故D选项正确。
【26题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. extra额外的；B. unusual不寻常的；C. necessary必需的；D. adequate充足的，适当的。根据下文中“Sme students dn’t have a reliable car, while thers…Fr them, riding with Wilsn has ____ them t cmplete their educatin”可以推知，对于那些乘车有困难的学生来说，乘坐Wilsn的车对于他们完成大学教育来说是必需的。故C选项正确。
【27题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. share分享；B. fuel加燃料；C. repair修理；D. exchange交换。有的学生没法得到可靠的汽车，有的学生必须和他们一周工作六天的家长共用车辆。表示“共用”，需用share。故A选项正确。
【28题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. required需要；B. allwed允许；C. reminded提醒，使想起；D. cnvinced说服，使信服。乘坐Wilsn的汽车使得他们可以完成大学教育。表示“允许某人做某事，使某人能够做某事”应该用allw sb. t d sth.。故B选项正确。
【29题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. experience经历，经验；B. arrangement安排；C. appreciatin欣赏，感激；D. emplyment雇用，使用。Wilsn认为自己从接送学生们上学的“经历”中受益颇多。A选项正确。
【30题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. effrt努力；B. ambitin雄心，志向；C. privilege荣幸，特权，优待；D. cnvenience方便，便利。Wilsn认为自己从接送学生们上学的“经历”中受益颇多。在这个过程中，他认识了这些学生，听到他们的故事，他认为这是自己的“荣幸”，故C选项正确。
第二部分:阅读理解(共两节，40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，共30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Want t explre new cultures, meet new peple and d smething wrthwhile at the same time? Yu can d all the three with Glbal Develpment Assciatin(GDA). Whatever stage f life yu’re at, wherever yu g and whatever prject yu d in GDA, yu’ll create psitive changes in a pr and remte cmmunity(社区).
We wrk with vlunteers f all ages and backgrunds. Mst f ur vlunteers are aged 17-24. Nw we need vlunteer managers aged 25-75. They are extremely imprtant in the safe and effective running f ur prgrammes. We have such rles as prject managers, muntain leaders, and cmmunicatin fficers.
Depending n which rle yu chse, yu culd help t increase a cmmunity’s access t safe drinking water, r help t prtect valuable lcal cultures. Yu might als design an adventure challenge t train yung vlunteers.
Nt nly will yu help ur yung vlunteers t develp persnally, yu’ll als learn new skills and increase yur cultural awareness. Yu may have chances t meet new peple wh’ll becme yur lifelng friends.
This summer we have bth 4-week and 7-week prgrammes:
GDA ensures that vlunteers wrk with cmmunity members and lcal prject partners where ur help is needed. All ur prjects aim t prmte the develpment f pr and remte cmmunities.
There is n ther chance like a GDA prgramme. Jin us as a vlunteer manager t develp yur wn skills while bringing benefits t the cmmunities.
Find ut mre abut jining a GDA prgramme:
Email:humanresurces@gldeve.rg
31. What is the main respnsibility f vlunteer managers?
A. T seek lcal partners.B. T take in yung vlunteers.
C. T carry ut prgrammes.D. T fster cultural awareness.
32. The prgramme beginning in August will perate in ________.
A. EgyptB. AlgeriaC. KenyaD. Suth Africa
33. The shared gal f GDA’s prjects t ________.
A. explre new culturesB. prtect the envirnment
C. gain crprate benefitD. help cmmunities in need
【答案】31. C 32. D 33. D
【解析】
本文是一则广告。Glbal Develpment Assciatin(GDA)致力于积极的改变贫穷和偏远的社区，在这里能探索新的文化，结识新朋友，同时做一些有价值的事。文章为GDA招募志愿者并介绍了今年夏天的具体项目。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。题干问管理人员的主要职责是什么。根据第三段中Depending n which rle yu chse, yu culd help t increase ...,r help t might als design...可知，根据岗位不同，管理人员可以帮助增加小区的饮用水，可以规划地方文化，可以设计挑战项目培训年轻的志愿者，从这些内容上可以判断出其主要职责是执行项目计划。故选C。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。题干问八月份开始的这个项目将在哪里开展。根据这个表格中4-week prgrammes中的最后一个Suth Africa 2 Aug—29 Aug，可知八月在南非开始，答案选D。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。题干问GDA的所有项目的共同目的是什么。根据第一段yu’ll create psitive changes in a pr and remte cmmunity.和倒数第二段中All ur prjects aim t prmte the develpment f pr and remte cmmunities可知，其目标就是促进偏远贫穷区域的发展，即帮助有需要的社区。故选D。
B
Alice Mre is a teenager entrepreneur(创业者), wh in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy. By the time she was 13, her cmpany was wrth millins f dllars with the inventin f a super-sweet treat that culd save kids’ teeth, instead f destrying them.
It all began when Mre visited a bank with her dad. On the uting, she was ffered a candy bar. Hwever, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad fr her teeth. But Mre was sick f missing ut n candies. S she desired t get rund the warning, “Why can’t I make a healthy candy that’s gd fr my teeth s that my parents can’t say n t it?” With that in mind, Mre asked her dad if she culd start her wn candy cmpany. He recmmended that she d sme research and talk t dentists abut what a healthier candy wuld cntain.
With her dad’s permissin, she spent the next tw years researching nline and cnducting trials t get a recipe that was bth tasty and tth-friendly. She als apprached dentists t learn mre abut teeth cleaning. Cnsequently, she succeeded in making a kind f candy nly using natural sweeteners, which can reduce ral bacteria.
Mre then used her savings t get her business ff the grund. Afterwards, she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket wner, wh finally agreed t sell Mre’s prduct—CanCandy.
As CanCandy’s success grws, s des Mre’s credibility as a yung entrepreneur. Mre is enthusiastic abut the candy she created, and she’s als psitive abut what the future might bring. She hpes that every kid can have a clean muth and a brad smile.
Meanwhile, with her parents’ help, Mre is generally able t live a nrmal teenage life. Althugh she funded her cmpany early n in life, she wasn’t driven primarily by prfit. Mre wants t use her unique talent t help thers find their smiles. She dnates 10% f AilicCandy’s prfits t Big Smiles. With her talent and determinatin, it appears that the sky culd be the limit fr Alice Mre.
34. Hw did Mre react t her dad’s warning?
A. She argued with him.B. She tried t find a way ut.
C. She paid n attentin.D. She chse t cnsult dentists.
35. What is special abut CanCandy?
A. It is beneficial t dental health.B. It is free f sweeteners.
C. It is sweeter than ther candies.D. It is prduced t a dentists’ recipe.
36. What des Mre expect frm her business?
A. T earn mre mney.B. T help thers find smiles.
C. T make herself stand ut.D. T beat ther candy cmpanies.
37. What can we learn frm Alice Mre’s stry?
A. Fame is a great thirst f the yung.
B. A yuth is t be regarded with respect.
C. Psitive thinking and actin result in success.
D. Success means getting persnal desires satisfied
【答案】34. B 35. A 36. B 37. C
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Alice Mre，一个年轻有为的创业者的故事，故事告诉我们：积极的思考和行动会带来成功。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的But Mre was sick f missing ut n candies. S she desired t get rund the warning, “Why can’t I make a healthy candy that’s gd fr my teeth s that my parents can’t say n t it?”及下文她想方设法最终制作出了叫CanCandy的糖果可知，她对父亲的警告的反应是：她试图找到一条出路，解决问题。故选B。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的Cnsequently, she succeeded in making a kind f candy nly using natural sweeteners, which can reduce ral bacteria.可知，这种糖只使用天然甜味剂，可以减少口腔细菌，因此它对牙齿有利。故选A。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的Mre wants t use her unique talent t help thers find their smiles.可知，Mre想用她独特的才能帮助其他人找到自己的笑容。故选B。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。文章主要讲述了Mr的创业故事，她之所以能成功，源于面对问题和困难时，她乐观地看待问题，积极地想方设法去解决问题。因此，通过她的故事让我们懂得积极的思考和行动会带来成功。故选C。
C
The prblem f rbcalls has gtten s bad that many peple nw refuse t pick up calls frm numbers they dn’t knw. By next year, half f the calls we receive will be scams(欺诈). We are finally waking up t the severity f the prblem by supprting and develping a grup f tls, apps and appraches intended t prevent scammers frm getting thrugh. Unfrtunately, it’s t little, t late. By the time these “slutins”(解决方案) becme widely available, scammers will have mved nt cleverer means. In the near future, it’s nt just ging t be the number yu see n yur screen that will be in dubt. Sn yu will als questin whether the vice yu’re hearing is actually real.
That’s because there are a number f pwerful vice manipulatin(处理) and autmatin technlgies that are abut t becme widely available fr anyne t use. At this year’s I/O Cnference, a cmpany shwed a new vice technlgy able t prduce such a cnvincing human-sunding vice that it was able t speak t a receptinist and bk a reservatin withut detectin.
These develpments are likely t make ur current prblems with rbcalls much wrse. The reasn that rbcalls are a headache has less t d with amunt than precisin. A decade f data breaches(数据侵入) f persnal infrmatin has led t a situatin where scammers can easily learn yur mther’s name, and far mre. Armed with this knwledge, they’re able t carry ut individually targeted campaigns t cheat peple. This means, fr example, that a scammer culd call yu frm what lks t be a familiar number and talk t yu using a vice that sunds exactly like yur bank teller’s, tricking yu int “cnfirming” yur address, mther’s name, and card number. Scammers fllw mney, s cmpanies will be the wrst hit. A lt f business is still dne ver the phne, and much f it is based n trust and existing relatinships. Vice manipulatin technlgies may weaken that gradually.
We need t deal with the insecure nature f ur telecm netwrks. Phne carriers and cnsumers need t wrk tgether t find ways f determining and cmmunicating what is real. That might mean either develping a unifrm way t mark vides and images, shwing when and wh they were made by, r abandning phne calls altgether and mving twards data-based cmmunicatins—using apps like FaceTime r WhatsApp, which can be tied t yur identity.
Credibility is hard t earn but easy t lse, and the prblem is nly ging t get harder frm here n ut.
38. Hw des the authr feel abut the slutins t prblem f rbcalls?
A. Panicked.B. Cnfused.C. Embarrassed.D. Disappinted.
39. Taking advantage f the new technlgies, scammer can ________.
A. aim at victims preciselyB. damage databases easily
C. start campaigns rapidlyD. spread infrmatin widely
40. What des the passage imply?
A. Hnesty is the best plicy.
B. Technlgies can be duble-edged.
C. There are mre slutins than prblems.
D. Credibility hlds the key t develpment.
41. Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Where the Prblem f Rbcalls Is Rted
B. Wh Is t Blame fr the Prblem f Rbcalls
C. Why Rbcalls Are Abut t Get Mre Dangerus
D. Hw Rbcalls Are Affecting the Wrld f Technlgy
【答案】38. D 39. A 40. B 41. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章指出语音操作与自动化技术的出现使得机器人电话可以以假乱真，欺诈现象更加严重，解决这个问题需要电话运营商和消费者共同努力。
【38题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的We are finally waking up t the severity f the prblem by supprting and develping a grup f tls, apps and appraches intended t prevent scammers frm getting thrugh. Unfrtunately, it’s t little, t late. By the time these “slutins”(解决方案) becme widely available, scammers will have mved nt cleverer means.可知，我们认识到了问题的严重性，支持和开发了旨在防止欺诈者通过的工具、应用程序和方法，。不幸的是，我们的努力太少了，也太晚了。在这些“解决方案”被广泛使用的时候，骗子将转移到更巧妙的手段上。由此推知，作者认为这些“解决办法”对于解决问题起不了什么作用，因此作者感到很“失望”。故D选项正确。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的The reasn that rbcalls are a headache has less t d with amunt than precisin. A decade f data breaches(数据侵入) f persnal infrmatin has led t a situatin where scammers can easily learn yur mther’s name, and far mre. Armed with this knwledge, they’re able t carry ut individually targeted campaigns t cheat peple. This means, fr example, that a scammer culd call yu frm what lks t be a familiar number and talk t yu using a vice that sunds exactly like yur bank teller’s, tricking yu int “cnfirming” yur address, mther’s name, and card number.可知，机器人通话之所以令人头痛，与其说与数量有关，不如说与精确度有关。长达十年的个人信息泄露已经导致了这样一种情况：骗子可以轻易地知道你母亲的名字，甚至更多。有了这些知识，他们就能够开展有针对性的活动来欺骗人们。根据这些可知，利用这种新的技术，欺诈者们可以精确的确定他们行骗的目标。故A选项正确。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句At this year’s I/O Cnference, a cmpany shwed a new vice technlgy able t prduce such a cnvincing human-sunding vice that it was able t speak t a receptinist and bk a reservatin withut detectin.可知，这项语音技术可以产生一个听起来和人类非常相似的声音，它可以和接待员进行交谈，进行预订。由此可知，这项新技术有其好的方面。根据第三段的叙述可知，欺诈者们可以利用这项新技术来进行欺诈行为。由此推知，这项新技术既可以发挥好的作用，也可能为坏人所利用，产生不好的影响，因此可以说它是一把双刃剑。故B选项正确。
41题详解】
主旨大意题。第一段提到：rbcalls（机器人电话：自动拨号播放录音信息的推销电话）在未来变得会越来越严重，不仅仅是出现在你的手机屏幕上的电话号码令人怀疑，而且你会质疑听到的声音是否是真的。第二段介绍原因：语音操作与自动化技术的出现使得机器人电话可以以假乱真。第三段介绍了语音操作和自动化技术发展会使得机器人电话产生的问题更加严重。最后两段提出我们该如何应对这些问题。综上，文章第一段点明文章中心：机器人电话问题在未来会变得越来越严重。下文都是围绕这一话题展开的。故C选项适合作标题。
D
By the end f the century, if nt sner, the wrld’s ceans will be bluer and greener thanks t a warming climate, accrding t a new study.
At the heart f the phenmenn lie tiny marine micrrganisms(海洋微生物) called phytplanktn. Because f the way light reflects ff the rganisms, these phytplanktn create clurful patterns at the cean surface. Ocean clur varies frm green t blue, depending n the type and cncentratin f phytplanktn. Climate change will fuel the grwth f phytplanktn in sme areas, while reducing it in ther spts, leading t changes in the cean’s appearance.
Phytplanktn live at the cean surface, where they pull carbn dixide(二氧化碳) int the cean while giving ff xygen. When these rganisms die, they bury carbn in the deep cean, an imprtant prcess that helps t regulate the glbal climate. But phytplanktn are vulnerable t the cean’s warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics f the cean and can affect phytplanktn grwth, since they need nt nly sunlight and carbn dixide t grw, but als nutrients.
Stephanie Dutkiewicz, a scientist in MIT’s Center fr Glbal Change Science, built a climate mdel that prjects changes t the ceans thrughut the century. In a wrld that warms up by 3℃, it fund that multiple changes t the clur f the ceans wuld ccur. The mdel prjects that currently blue areas with little phytplanktn culd becme even bluer. But in sme waters, such as thse f the Arctic, a warming will make cnditins riper fr phytplanktn, and these areas will turn greener. “Nt nly are the quantities f phytplanktn in the cean changing. ” she said, “but the type f phytplanktn is changing.”
And why des that matter? Phytplanktn are the base f the fd web. If certain kinds begin t disappear frm the cean, Dutkiewicz said, “it will change the type f fish that will be able t survive.” Thse kinds f changes culd affect the fd chain.
Whatever clur changes the cean experiences in the cming decades will prbably be t gradual and unnticeable, but they culd mean significant changes. “It’ll be a while befre we can statistically shw that the changes are happening because f climate change,” Dutkiewicz said, “but the change in the clur f the cean will be ne f the early warning signals that we really have changed ur planet.”
42. What are the first tw paragraphs mainly abut?
A. The varius patterns at the cean surface.
B. The cause f the changes in cean clur.
C. The way light reflects ff marine rganisms.
D. The effrts t fuel the grwth f phytplanktn.
43. What des the underlined wrd “vulnerable” in Paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. Sensitive.B. Beneficial.C. Significant.D. Unnticeable.
44. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Phytplanktn play a declining rle in the marine ecsystem.
B. Dutkiewicz’s mdel aims t prject phytplanktn changes.
C. Phytplanktn have been used t cntrl glbal climate.
D. Oceans with mre phytplanktn may appear greener.
45. What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T assess the cnsequences f cean clur changes.
B. T analyse the cmpsitin f the cean fd chain.
C. T explain the effects f climate change n ceans.
D. T intrduce a new methd t study phytplanktn.
【答案】42. B 43. A 44. D 45. C
【解析】
本文为一篇说明文。一项最新研究表明，由于气候变暖，世界海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿。这一现象的原因是因为一种叫做浮游植物的微小海洋微生物，因为光线反射的作用，它们在海洋表面形成了五颜六色的图案，现在浮游植物受到海洋变暖趋势的影响，让浮游植物的生长更加旺盛，所以海洋相应会变得更蓝、更绿。
【42题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段By the end f the century, if nt sner, the wrld’s ceans will be bluer and greener thanks t a warming climate, accrding t a new study.可知，一项新的研究表明，到本世纪末，由于气候变暖，如果不尽快的话，世界上的海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿。结合第二段At the heart f the phenmenn lie tiny marine micrrganisms(海洋微生物) called phytplanktn. Because f the way light reflects ff the rganisms, these phytplanktn create clurful patterns at the cean surface. Ocean clur varies frm green t blue, depending n the type and cncentratin f phytplanktn.可知，这种现象的核心是一种叫做浮游植物的微小海洋微生物，在光线的作用下在海洋表面形成了五颜六色的图案。海洋的颜色从绿色到蓝色不等，这取决于海洋的类型和浮游植物浓度。由此可推断出这两段主要叙述了海洋生物是海洋颜色变化的原因。故选B。
【43题详解】
猜测词义题。根据划线词后的Warming changes key characteristics f the cean and can affect phytplanktn grwth, since they need nt nly sunlight and carbn dixide t grw, but als nutrients.可知，气候变暖会改变海洋的主要特征，并会影响浮游植物的生长。由此可判断，浮游植物很容易受到海洋变暖趋势的影响，也就是很敏感。故A项正确。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段The mdel prjects that currently blue areas with little phytplanktn culd becme even bluer. But in sme waters, such as thse f the Arctic, a warming will make cnditins riper fr phytplanktn, and these areas will turn greener.可知，Dutkiewicz的模型预测，目前只有少量浮游植物的蓝色区域可能会变得更蓝。但是在一些水域，比如北极，气候变暖会使浮游植物的生长条件更加成熟，而这些水域会变得更绿了。由此可推断，浮游植物的生长条件更加成熟，浮游动植物就更多了，这些水域会变得更绿了。故D项正确。
【45题详解】
主旨大意题。第一段提出文章的主旨By the end f the century, if nt sner, the wrld’s ceans will be bluer and greener thanks t a warming climate, accrding t a new study.可知，一项新的研究表明，到本世纪末，由于气候变暖，如果不尽快的话，世界上的海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿，接下来详细讲述了原因。故C项正确。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Much f the wrk in tday’s wrld is accmplished(完成) in teams. Mst peple believe the best way t build a great team is t gather a grup f the mst talented individuals. ___46___Cmpanies spend millins hiring tp business peple. Is their mney well spent?
___47___They fcused n ftball, basketball and baseball. The results are mixed. Fr ftball and basketball, adding talented players t a team prves a gd methd, but nly up t the pint where 70% f the players are tp talent; abve that level, the team’s perfrmance begins t decline. Interestingly, this trend isn’t evident in baseball, where additinal individual talent keeps imprving the team’s perfrmance.
T explain this phenmenn, the researchers explred the degree t which a gd perfrmance by a team requires its members t crdinate(协调) their actins. ___48___In baseball, the perfrmance f individual players is less dependent n teammates. They cnclude that when task interdependence is high, team perfrmance will suffer when there is t much talent, while individual talent will have psitive effects n team perfrmance when task interdependence is lwer. If a basketball star is, fr example, trying t gain a high persnal pint ttal, he may take a sht himself when it wuld be better t pass the ball t a teammate, affecting the team’s perfrmance. Yung children learning t play team sprts are ften tld, “There is n I in TEAM.” ___49___
Anther pssibility is that when there is a lt f talent n a team, sme players may make less effrt. Just as in a game f tug-f-war(拔河比赛), whenever a persn is added, everyne else pulls the rpe with less frce.
___50___ An A-team may require a balance--nt just A players, but a few generus B players as well.
A. It’s nt a simple matter t determine the nature f talent.
B. Sprts team wners spend millins f dllars attracting tp talent.
C. The grup interactin and its effect drew the researchers’ attentin.
D. Stars apparently d nt fllw this basic principle f sprtsmanship.
E Several recent studies examined the rle f talent in the sprts wrld.
F. Building up a dream team is mre cmplex than simply hiring the best talent.
G. This task interdependence distinguishes baseball frm ftball and basketball.
【答案】46. B 47. E 48. G 49. D 50. F
【解析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡——不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些有雅量的普通球员。
【46题详解】
上文说“大多数人相信建立一个伟大团队的最好方法就是聚集一群最有天赋的个人”。下文说“公司花费数百万雇佣顶级商业人士。”该空承上启下，也是在举例，B选项“运动队老板花费数百万美元吸引顶尖人才。”切题，故选B。
【47题详解】
下文说“他们专注于足球、篮球和棒球。结果有好有坏。”这些都属于体育方面，该空引出下文，E选项“最近的几项研究调查了体育世界中人才的作用。”切题，故选E。
【48题详解】
上文说“为了解释这一现象，研究人员探索了一场好的表现要求队员们协调他们行动的程度”，下文说明了研究结果，该空承上启下，G选项“这项任务的相互依赖性使棒球区别于足球和篮球。”切题，故选G。
【49题详解】
上文说了“一个球星为了个人得分，而影响团队的表现”，该空承接上文，D选项“球星显然没有遵守运动员精神的基本原则”切题，故选D。
【50题详解】
下文说“一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡——不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些有雅量的普通球员。”该空引出下文，F选项“建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。”切题，故选F。
第三部分:书面表达(共两节，35分)
第一节 (15分)
51.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim打算暑假期间来北京、天津和上海旅游，发来邮件询问相关信息。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1. 交通出行；
2. 必备衣物。
注意：
1. 词数不少于50；
2. 开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
I’m pleased that yu’re cming t tur in China.
I suggest that yu begin frm Beijing, and I’ll shw yu arund. Tianjin will be yur next stp. After that, yu can g t Shanghai, where yu can stay fr a week. Yu can take high-speed trains t bth cities.
Summer in these cities is ht and rainy, s take summer wear plus an umbrella with yu.
Lking frward t yur arrival.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇应用文，要求给朋友写回信。
【详解】红星中学高三学生李华的英国好友Jim打算暑假期间来北京、天津和上海旅游，发来邮件询问相关信息。要求给他回复邮件，内容包括: 1.交通出行；2.必备衣物。本文时态应采用一般现在时和一般将来时，用第一人称和第二人称来写。文章可以分为三部分来写：首先表达欢迎Jim来中国；然后交代交通出行和必备衣物；最后盼望朋友的到来。注意使用高级词汇和句式，为文章增添色彩；注意使用连接词、衔接词，使文章自然、流畅。
【点睛】本文内容完整，语言表述流畅。文章使用了几个高分句型。that yu’re cming t tur in China.和that yu begin frm Beijing, and I’ll shw yu arund.是宾语从句。where yu can stay fr a week.是非限制性定语从句。
第二节(20分)
52.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你们班上周组织了一次以“劳动最光荣”为主题的社会实践活动。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记述整个过程。
注意：词数不少于60。
提示词：西瓜watermeln
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Last week I tk part in a farmwrk prgramme in the suburbs.
At the class meeting, ur teacher tld us abut the prgramme with the theme “Wrking is mst beautiful”. And he stressed the imprtance f wrking with ur wn hands.
When I gt hme, I packed up my luggage fr the trip.
On the farm, we helped pick watermelns. While wrking, I realised hw hard it was t wrk in the fields under a ht sun.
When I came back hme, I shared my experiences with my parents. And they were very prud f me.
【解析】
【分析】
本文属于图画作文，要求根据图画内容写一篇英文周记
【详解】假如你是红星中学高三学生李华，你们班上周组织了一次以“劳动最光荣”为主题的社会实践活动。要求根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记述整个过程。分析四幅图可知，图画作文内容要点比较清晰，其中包括：老师宣布活动内容和意义，我为活动准备，在农场的劳动过程，介绍活动感受。这样有利于学生写作时发挥与扩展。全文可分成三部分，开头段概括活动，中间段描述图画，结尾段总结收获和意义。文章用第一人称来写，使用一般过去时。
【点睛】本文内容完整，语言表述通顺。使用了连接词、衔接词，使文章自然、流畅。文章使用了宾语从句hw hard it was t wrk in the fields under a ht sun.，还使用了At the class meeting, When I gt hme, On the farm, While wrking, When I came back hme等过渡词，使文章上下文衔接流畅。
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