英语Unit 1 Science and Scientists优秀测试题

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第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Smart Kids Festival Events
“Smart Kids” is a cllectin f ne hundred events scheduled in Octber. This year, it is experimenting with Pay What Yu Decide (PWYD). That is, yu can decide t pay fr what yu want r can affrd, after yu have attended an event. Yu can pre-bk events withut paying fr a ticket in advance. Here are sme f the directr?s picks.
Walk n the Wild Side
Nt ticketed, Free
Jin stryteller Sarah Law t hear science stries abut animals. Alng the way yu‘’ll meet all srts f beautiful creatures and discver life cycles and fd chains. It‘’s best suited t children aged 5—9. Children under 8 must be accmpanied by an adult.
Intrductin t Waves
Pre-bk, PWYD
Subjects range frm sund waves t gravity waves, and frm waves f light t crashing waves n the cean. Mike Gldsmith explres the fundamental features shared by all waves in the natural wrld.
Science in the Field
Nt ticketed, Free
This strytelling night features a scientist sharing his favurite memries f gathering first-hand data n varius field trips. Cme alng fr inspiring and infrmative stries straight frm the scientist?s muth. Jin Mark Samuels t find ut mre in this fun-filled wrkshp.
Festival Dinner
Pre-bk, ￡25 per persn
Whether yu want t explre mre abut fd, r just fancy a talk ver a meal, jin us t mark the first science festival in Lndn. Which fd shuld yu eat t trick yur brain int thinking that yu are full? Find ut mre frm Tm Crawfrd.
1.In which event can yu decide the payment?
A.Walk n the Wild Side. B.Intrductin t Waves.
C.Science in the Field. D.Festival Dinner.
2.Wh will talk abut experiences f cllecting direct data?
A.Sarah Law. B.Mike Gldsmith.
C.Mark Samuels. D.Tm Crawfrd.
3.What d the fur events have in cmmn?
A.They are all family-based.
B.They are all science-themed.
C.They are all picked by children.
D.They are all filled with adventures.
B
Over past decades, China’s aerspace industry has achieved a great deal and made great breakthrughs. Gu Shiyu, 31, is ne f thse persnnel(人员) wh have devted themselves t the nble cause.
Wrking at the China Academy f Launch Vehicle Technlgy, Gu is part f the third generatin f China’s aerspace persnnel. He was brn and brught up in an “aerspace family” with his parents and grandparents all wrking in the industry.
Back in cllege, Gu majred in lgistics(物流学). With a gd cmmand f relevant knwledge, he started his space career, applying what he had learned t ding material management wrk at the academy. He wn a safety prductin award alng with his team members. “Each generatin f aerspace persnnel pursues high quality and errr-free wrk,” he said.
Gu develped an interest in aerspace when he was a university student. In 2007, he saw China’s first unmanned lunar prbe Chang’e 1 make a smth launch. “Befre I graduated in 2011, the space statin Tiangng-1 tk anther step frward int the universe, and s I made up my mind t wrk n space missins,” he said.
Gu learned t be careful and precise frm the family members wh came befre him. Gu’s grandfather was ne f the first team f Chinese aerspace staff. He saw the academy being built in the middle f nwhere in the 1950s. “Aerspace is a big prject while everyne’s wrk is rdinary. N matter whether it’s designing r managing, it’s detailed tasks that make up a great missin. I hpe Gu will take details seriusly and wrk hard at his psitin,” his grandfather said.
“As the saying ges, ‘My cnquest(征途)is the sea f stars’,” Gu said. “I hpe smeday the spaceflight will be as easy as taking a train r plane nw.”
4.Hw did Gu Shiyu prepare fr his aerspace career in cllege?
A.He devted himself t it.
B.He tk every detail seriusly.
C.He wrked hard with his teammates.
D.He equipped himself with prfessinal knwledge.
5.What inspired Gu t take up his present career?
A.His interest in aerspace.
B.His safety prductin award.
C.The influence f aerspace staff.
D.The achievements in space explratin.
6.What cntributes significantly t Gu’s achievements?
A.His cllege educatin.
B.His family traditin.
C.His teamwrk with thers.
D.His psitin in the academy.
7.What can we infer frm Gu’s wrds in the last paragraph?
A.He is satisfied with his cntributins.
B.He is cncerned abut the spaceflight.
C.He is cnfident abut his chsen career.
D.He is ptimistic abut China’s aerspace industry.
C
Japanese autmaker(汽车制造商) Tyta has annunced its “Wven City” plan, which aims t create a “smart city f the future”. It will be a “living labratry” fr technlgies including self-driving systems, high-speed Internet cnnectivity t link majr infrmatin and cmmunicatin systems.
The main streets in Wven City will be divided fr different purpses. One part will be used fr faster vehicle traffic. Anther will be designed fr peple riding bicycles. The third part will be used fr walking. T mve peple thrugh the city, nly fully-autnmus, zer-emissin(零排放的)Tyta vehicles will be allwed n the rads. In and thrughut Wven City, Tyta e-Palette will be used fr transprtatin and deliveries.
The city will be fully sustainable(可持续的), with buildings made mstly f wd t cut the carbn ftprint t the minimum. The rftps will be cvered with slar panels t prduce pwer in additin t pwer prduced by H2 fuel cells(电池). Huses will be equipped with the latest AI technlgies, such as in-hme rbts t assist with daily wrk and t check peple’s health. Bth neighbrhd parks and a large central park fr recreatin and scial gatherings are designed t bring the peple tgether.
Tyta plans t ppulate the city with Tyta Mtr Crpratin emplyees and their families, visiting scientists and industry partners. The plan is fr 2,000 peple t start, adding mre as the prject develps.
“Building a cmplete city frm scratch, even in a small size like this, is a unique chance t develp future technlgies. With peple, buildings and vehicles all cnnected and cmmunicating with each ther thrugh sensrs, we will be able t test ‘cnnected AI technlgy’ in bth the virtual and the physical areas t maximize its ptential,” said Aki Tyda, president f Tyta Mtr Crpratin.
Experts say smart cities, like Tyta’s “Wven City”, will greatly imprve ur living cnditins.
8.What is “e-Palette” in Paragraph 2?
A.An intelligent rbt.
B.A driverless car.
C.An autnmus bike.
D.A slw vehicle.
9.What can we say abut Wven City?
A.All the huses are built with wd nly.
B.Only Tyta wrkers live there.
C.It is designed t hld 2,000 peple.
D.Just green pwer is used in the city.
10.What is Aki Tyda?s pinin?
A.He is nt satisfied with the small size f the city.
B.It is difficult t build a cmplete city f the future.
C.The city is a gd platfrm t test future technlgies.
D.Tyta is cmmitted t imprving the living cnditins.
11.What can be the best title fr the text?
A.What Des a “City f the Future” Lk Like?
B.Can Tyta’s “Wven City” Becme a Reality?
C.Tyta’s Plan fr a “City f the Future”
D.New Technlgies fr “Smart Cities f the Future”
D
By 2035, NASA wants t land humans n Mars. But reaching the red planet, n average arund 140 millin miles away, will be difficult. Clder than Antarctica and with little t n xygen, the envirnment n Mars is unfriendly. Besides, the lnger it takes astrnauts t get there and the lnger they stay, the mre they are at risk.
That’s why scientists are lking fr ways t reduce trip time. A Seattle-based cmpany Ultra Safe Nuclear Technlgies (USNC-Tech) has ffered a slutin: an NTP engine that culd get humans frm Earth t Mars in just three mnths. Such an engine takes advantage f nuclear technlgy. Currently, the shrtest pssible trip fr an unmanned spacecraft takes seven mnths, but a manned missin is expected t take at least nine mnths. Shrter missins wuld limit the astrnaut’s expsure t space radiatin, but there is still cncern abut the radiatin sent ut frm the nuclear reactr inside the spacecraft. This wuld be mitigated thrugh the rcket’s design.
“T prtect peple n the grund, the NTP spacecraft wuld nt lift ff directly frm Earth,” Jeff Sheehy, a NASA scientist, adds. “Instead, a regular chemical rcket wuld carry it int rbit, and nly then wuld it fire up its nuclear reactr.” Once in rbit, it culd d little harm, as heat radiatin cannt mve thrugh a vacuum(真空). If disaster hit and the rcket’s reactr brke up, the pieces wuld nt land n Earth—r any ther planet—fr thusands f years. By that time, the radiactive substance wuld have “naturally gt t the pint where it wasn’t dangerus anymre”.
Michael Eades, directr f engineering at USNC-Tech, says that nuclear-pwered rckets wuld be mre pwerful and twice as efficient as the chemical engines used tday, meaning they culd travel further and faster, while burning less fuel. “Nuclear-pwered rckets will be the key t pening up the slar system but it culd be at least tw decades befre they are used widely,” he says, adding that numerus demnstratins and tests wuld need t be carried ut befre an astrnaut is sent t Mars in an NTP rcket.
12.What d we knw abut Mars accrding t the text?
A.It is abut 140 millin meters away.
B.It is burning ht.
C.It is rich in xygen.
D.It is challenging t reach Mars.
13.What des the underlined wrd “mitigated” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A.Shrtened. B.Relieved. C.Achieved. D.Simplified.
14.What will prbably happen after the NTP spacecraft enters its rbit?
A.The heat radiatin will be kept frm mving.
B.Its radiactive substance will disappear fast.
C.The brken reactr will be left n Mars.
D.It wn?t give ut nuclear radiatin in space.
15.What d Michael Eades’ wrds indicate abut the NTP spacecraft?
A.It will be a breakthrugh in space explratin.
B.It has been widely used fr NASA.
C.It will fly t Mars withut astrnauts fr tests.
D.It carries mre fuel than a regular ne.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw t Succeed in Science
T succeed in science, yu need a lt mre than luck. In my view, yu have t cmbine intelligence with a willingness nt t fllw cnventins when they blck yur frward path. Thus, these have cme t be my rules fr success.
16
That might sund prud, but the fact is that yu must always turn t peple wh are brighter than yu. It’s like playing any game. Even as a child, I never wanted t play games with anyne wh was as bad as I was. If yu win, it gives yu n pleasure. And in the game f science r life, the highest gal isn’t simply t win;its t win at smething really difficult. 17
Take risks.
T make a huge success, a scientist has t be prepared t get int deep truble. If yu are ging t make a huge jump in science, yu will very likely be unqualified t succeed by definitin. 18 This can be mre than persnally upsetting.
Never d anything that bres yu.
My experience in science is that smene is always telling yu t d things, and then leaves yu alne. I’m nt gd enugh t d well in smething I dislike. 19
It’s very hard t succeed if yu dn’t want t be with ther scientists, because yu have t g t key meetings where yu spt key facts that wuld have escaped yu. And yu have t chat with yur cmpetitrs, even if yu find them bjectinable.
S my final rule is: 20
A.Meet challenges with great curage.
B.If yu can’t stand being with yur real peers, get ut f science.
C.Put anther way, it’s t g smewhere beynd yur ability and cme ut n tp.
D.Make sure yu always have smene t save yu frm a deep mess.
E.Avid flish peple.
F.In fact, I find it hard t d well in smething I like.
G.Besides, yu even have t be prepared t disbelieve yur scientific heres.
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Careers in science are generally believed t be t cmplex fr students wh aren’t talented r clever enugh, but Sctt Kelly, cmmander f the Internatinal Space Statin, wuld prve it’s wrng.
As a kid, he was absent-minded and 21 in science and all ther subjects as well. He culdn’t 22 what the teachers said in class. Therefre, he earned terrible grades and 23 graduated frm high schl, and he even thught he wuld never 24 his dreams.
That all 25 when he picked up the film The Right Stuff, Tm Wlfe’s classic accunt f the pineering Americans wh first explred space. 26 , he was determined t be an astrnaut, which meant ding well in 27 class. S frm that day n, he 28 his mind t d well in it.
After s many years’daydreaming, it wuldn’t be 29 . But he started regarding study as a game. The mre he 30 his study skills, the better he gt. Eventually, it became a(n) 31 with himself t see hw gd he culd get. Then the frmer 32 started getting straight As in science, which is 33 fr thse wh want t be an astrnaut.
S we need t stp 34 the idea that science is just t hard. Everyne can learn this stuff—he just needs t be 35 t d the wrk.
B.absrbed
C.engaged D.experienced
n B.bank n
C.lk int D.fcus n
B.nearly
C.barely D.successfully
B.acknwledge
C.end D.achieve
B.suspended
C.ccurred D.changed
B.Depressed
C.Satisfied D.Shcked
B.architecture
C.gegraphy D.chemistry
up B.made up
C.passed up D.weighed up
B.difficult
C.easy D.decent
B.practiced
C.arranged D.exchanged
B.agreement
C.cmpetitin D.guidance
B.daydreamer
C.scientist D.pineer
B.superir
C.cnvenient D.wrthy
B.abandning
C.emphasising D.dismissing
B.available C.afraid D.willing
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China plans t establish a scientific statin n the mn and has started preparatry research, accrding t a key figure in the cuntry’s lunar explratin prgram.
“The next steps in ur lunar explratin endeavr(努力)will be challenging and demanding as we aim t set up a 36 (science) utpst(前哨基地) n the mn’s suth ple. In the near future, we will als send ur 37 (astrnaut) t land n the mn,” said Wu Weiren, chief designer f China’s lunar explratin prgram and 38 academician(院士) f the Chinese Academy f Engineering, n Tuesday. He is nw wrking 39 the planning and research fr the prpsed scientific statin and the lunar prgram’s furth step. In China’s lunar missin, the Chang’e 4 rbtic prbe(探测器), 40 cnsists f an unmvable lander and a lunar rver(月球车) named Yutu-2, 41 (lift) n tp f a Lng March 3B carrier rcket in December 2018 at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center in suthwest China’s Sichuan Prvince, 42 (mark) the cuntry’s furth lunar explratin and the wrld’s first expeditin t the far side f the mn.
The prbe landed 43 (sft) n the far side n Jan.3, 2019, and then released Yutu-2 44 (survey) the landing site in the Suth Ple-Aitken basin. S far, the lander and rver 45 (perate) fr mre than 1,000 days. Yutu-2 has traveled mre than 839 meters n the lunar sil.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华,一名高中生,你校校园网站要招收英文网络编辑(netwrk editr),请根据以下提示,用英语向外教主编Chris申请这一职位。
1.关心时事(current affairs),对新闻工作(jurnalism)感兴趣;
2.有做校刊记者的工作经历;
3.擅长英语,曾获英语写作竞赛一等奖。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数;
3.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Chris,
I?m Li Hua, a senir high schl student.



Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Cut, cut, cut!” I shuted. But that didn’t stp Chewy frm chasing after the squirrels (追逐松鼠) that had caught his eye halfway thrugh the sht.
“Yu’re suppsed t be running after the thief, nt squirrels!” I said.
But Chewy didn’t care. He had already mved n t chewing his leash(皮带). What kind f Hllywd dg wears a leash? It was Dad’s rule, thugh. Because Chewy was nly a little dg, I had t keep him n the leash whenever we filmed utside. As lng as I fllwed that rule, I culd use Dad’s ld cellphne t sht my mvie.
“Let’s try this again,” I said.
This time, Chewy ran the entire length f the backyard. With the leash n, thugh, he didn’t exactly appear t be in any real hurry t catch anyne. The nly way t make this lk real wuld be t take ff the leash. But that wuld mean breaking the prmise I made t Dad.
On the ther hand, if I mved quickly and was careful with my camera angles, wuld Dad ever knw abut it?
After taking ff the leash, I put Chewy dwn n his mark, ready t recrd. But befre I culd shut “Actin!”, Chewy ran acrss the yard and dwn the driveway and jumped in circles arund Mrs. Yang, ur next-dr neighbr.
“Yu must smell the dggy biscuits I just bught fr yu,” she said t him. That’s when Chewy nticed her bag. As if it were ne f his tys, he grabbed it with his muth and pulled. Mrs. Yang’s things drpped n the sidewalk.
I wanted t aplgize and help Mrs. Yang pick up her things. But then I remembered smething. If Dad fund ut I had taken Chewy’s leash ff, I wuldn’t be able t use his cellphne any mre. In a panic, I tk Chewy and ran inside the huse.
When Dad arrived hme that evening, I handed him his cellphne. “Did yu finish shting yur mvie already?” he asked.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
I shk my head and tld him everything that had happened.




Paragraph 2:
“Aplgy accepted,” said Mrs. Yang.