高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 1 Knowing me, Knowing you精品练习

课时把关练

Part III  Developing ideas

基础知识练

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1. She can tell you how to w_____________（编，织） reeds（芦苇） into a beautiful basket.

2. So a gentleman can be d_____________（欺骗）by lies that look reasonable，not by things unreasonable.

3. The help you have provided and the words you said can j_____________（证实） your honesty.

4. To be f_____________（坦率的），I can not agree with your opinion for the reasons below.

5. The farewell ceremony ended，they bid each other goodbye with t_____________（眼泪） in eyes.

6. Forced to make a choice between family and career，she chose the l_____________（后者）.

7. M_____________（此外），each of us needs to consume at least 5 liters of water per day，and everything we eat and drink contains water.

8. Arts agencies employ more than 10，000 people as fulltime or part-time employees or i_____________（独立的）contractors.

9. A young male polar bear stood on his back legs and pushed at the wooden f_____________（栅栏）posts.

10. An essay usually c_____________（组成） of three parts，introduction，main body and conclusion.

Ⅱ. 单句语法填空

1. Therefore，whatever your aim is，you must work _____________（honest）to achieve it.

2. But no matter how rich they were，Dawson was never _____________（comfort）.

3. Only social practice can be the criterion of _____________（true）.

4. Yet the ___________（major） of these employees have no voice，especially when it comes to their own safety.

5. The government has taken measures to raise its citizens’ awareness of environmental _____________（protect）.

6. Despite _____________（criticize） by some citizens，the mayor kept on carrying out the project which encouraged people to plant trees in the park.

7. Come a little _____________（close），so you can see better.

8. One of the reasons for telling a white lie is _____________（give） encouragement.

9. Most food webs consist _____________ many weak links rather than a few strong ones.

10. Porcupines eventually found the ideal distance where they could feel warm while _____________（manage） not to hurt each other.

Ⅲ. 用所给短语的适当形式填空

1. If you _____________ one time，you will be considered unreliable as people think you often tell lies.

2. He often _____________ to people who are not confident. That’s why he is very popular.

3. Although it was considered impossible，he _____________ make it at last.

4. _____________，I don’t think your approach works well in my case.

5. He visited his old teacher and _____________ on how to cope with other companies.

6. After that quarrel，they started to _____________，their friendship breaking up.

7. Appreciate and honor what you have _____________ focusing on what you do not.

Ⅳ. 根据汉语意思完成句子

1. 母亲用一个发出奇怪声音的玩具来安慰孩子。

Mother_____________ the baby_____________ a toy that gave out strange sound.

2. 我们应该做些什么来保护河流不受污染。

We should do something to_____________ the rivers _____________ _____________.

3. 即使你不喜欢他们的观点，你也应该尊重他们。

You shall respect those people _____________ _____________ you don’t like their opinions.

4. 别人的意见在多大程度上会影响到你和你的决定呢？

And _____________ _____________ _____________can others’ advice influence you and your decision?

5. 他的朋友提前为他订了生日蛋糕，他很感动。

He was moved that his friend ordered the birthday cake for him _____________ _____________.

6. 回到第一段，你就会明白为什么作者做出这个关于地球的预测了。

_____________ _____________ _____________ the first paragraph，you will understand why the author makes that prediction about earth.

能力提升练

Ⅴ.课文语法填空

　　We all know that 1. _____________（honest）is an important value and 2. _____________ lying is wrong，but who can honestly say that they’ve never told a lie? Perhaps we comfort ourselves 3. _____________ the knowledge that most of the lies we tell are“white lies”：little lies that we tell to protect others from the truth.

　　There are many reasons for 4. _____________（tell）a lie. Firstly，it is to try to make others feel better and protect ourselves from the disappointment and anger of others. Secondly，it’s to give 5. _____________（encourage）. Perhaps others want some frank comments from you so that they can improve themselves. 6. _____________（last），telling a white lie is 7. _____________（protect） others from bad news. We should respect their concern and ask for their advice.

　　We know even white lies have results we can’t know in advance. So 8. _____________（support） and comforted by you，they would find a suitable way to improve themselves. When it 9. _____________（come） to telling a lie，it all depends whether we should tell a white lie，10. _____________ don’t tell a lie.

Ⅵ.完形填空

　　At 16，my father studied under the street lights. Sometimes，the school guard would let him slip into the empty passages to 　1　 the cold. The 　2　 of electricity in the home was one of the easier roadblocks on his path to becoming a 　3　.

　　Despite poor conditions，my father managed to establish his own clinic. However，he decided to 　4　 this comfortable lifestyle and move to America.

　　Indeed，he 　5　 something. Because of my father，I tried to take advantage of every opportunity. I changed my school from my familiar middle school in the country，where I stood out，to the 　6　 International Baccalaureate（IB）Diploma Programme. Although I also gave up something，like my father，by changing schools，I have no 　7　. At my current high school，I have endless 　8　 to make progress and communicate with students from many backgrounds.

　　Changing schools gave me the 　9　 to look for strict courses. My academic future challenges and pushes me.

　　For the rest of high school，I hope to keep my 　10　 grades and participate in summer programs. I am encouraged to study，like my father，　11　 I reach success.

　　I believe that to develop our society we must first help the less 　12　. My dream to become a doctor results from my desire to reduce the 　13　 of others. Also，I realize 　14　 is the groundwork of my future and that I must 　15　a good foundation.

1. A. keep B. escape C. defend D. fight

2. A. lack B. danger C. delivery D. power

3. A. lawyer B. writer C. doctor D. professor

4. A. check B. appreciate C. prepare D. leave

5. A. gave up B. gave in C. gave away D. gave out

6. A. enjoyable B. admirable C. developing D. challenging

7. A. ideas B. regrets C. deaths D. excuses

8. A. gifts B. wishes C. opportunities D. decisions

9. A. drive B. award C. vehicle D. turn

10. A. good B. equal C. typical D. common

11. A. though B. if C. until D. since

12. A. energetic B. friendly C. ambitious D. lucky

13. A. burden B. pain C. worry D. damage

14. A. freedom B. interest C. health D. education

15. A. build B. follow C. shake D. give

Ⅶ. 七选五

Turning acquaintances into friends

　　We all have acquaintances in our life—people we exchange small talks with or trade jokes with online. While these relationships can delight you in their own right，you can turn an acquaintance into a true friend. 　1　

　　Open up a little about yourself. Friendships are characterized by closeness. True friends know about each other’s values，struggles，goals，and interests. 　2　 You don’t have to give away your most closely-held secret，just a little more than talking about the weather or something you watched on TV and see how other people reply. Do they seem interested? Do they share something about themselves?

　　Invite an acquaintance out for a drink or to a movie. Lots of other people feel just as uncomfortable about reaching out and making new friends as you do. 　3　 Take the first step and reach out to a neighbor or workmate，for example—they will thank you later.

　　Carpool to work. 　4　 If your employer doesn’t，simply ask a workmate if they’d like to share rides. Spending regular time together is a great way to get to know others better and offer the opportunity for uninterrupted and deeper conversations.

　　　5　 It’s easy to lose touch with friends when you move or change jobs. However，despite the distance，make the effort to contact them by chatting on Facebook or Twitter.

A. Be the one to break the ice.

B. Many companies offer such programs.

C. Track down old friends through social media.

D. Your friends reflect what you are interested in.

E. Stay in touch in the real world，not just online.

F. Here are some tips for strengthening an acquaintance into a friend.

G. So try sharing something a little bit more personal than you would normally.

课时把关练

Part III  Developing ideas

参考答案

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1. weave　句意：她能教你怎样用芦苇编织漂亮的篮子。

2. deceived　句意：所以说，正人君子可以被合乎情理的谎言欺骗，而违反道理的话是欺骗不了他的。

3. justify　句意：你提供的帮助和你说的话可以证明你的诚实。

4. frank　句意：坦率地说，我不同意你的观点，原因如下。

5. tears　句意：欢送仪式结束后，他们含着眼泪互相道别。

6. latter　句意：她不得不在家庭和事业之间做出选择，最终她选择了后者。

7. Moreover　句意：此外，我们每人每天至少消耗 5 升的水，我们所吃所饮的一切东西也都包含着水。

8. independent　句意：艺术机构雇用了 10 000 多人作为全职或兼职雇员或独立承包商。表示“独立的”用形容词independent，作 contractors 的定语。

9. fence 句意：一只年轻的雄性北极熊用后腿站立起来，推着木栅栏的柱子。

10. consists　句意：文章通常由引言、正文和结语三部分组成。consist of 是固定短语，意为“由……组成”。

Ⅱ. 单句语法填空

1. honestly　考查副词。句意：因此，不管你的目标是什么，你必须诚实地工作来实现这个目标。work 为动词，需要副词修饰。

2. comfortable　考查形容词。句意：但不管他们多么富有，道森从来都不舒服。was 为系动词，后面需要跟形容词作表语。

3. truth　考查名词。句意：真理的标准只能是社会的实践。of为介词，后面跟名词。

4. majority　考查名词。句意：然而，这些雇用员工大多数没有发言权，特别是当涉及自己的安全时。the... of 结构中，the后面跟名词。

5. protection　考查名词。句意：政府已经采取措施提高公民的环保意识。environmental 为形容词，后面跟名词。

6. being criticized　考查动名词。句意：尽管受到一些市民的批评，市长还是继续实施鼓励人们在公园里植树的计划。despite 为介词，后面跟名词或动名词，criticize 与 major 之间为动宾关系，因此用 being+ 过去分词。

7. closer　考查副词比较级。句意：靠近一点，这样你就能看得更清楚了。根据后面句子中的 better，可知空格处有比较的含义，且空格前面有形容词 a little 修饰，故填 close 的比较级。

8. to give　考查非谓语动词。句意：说善意的谎言的一个理由是给予鼓励。不定式作表语，对主语解释说明。

9. of　考查固定搭配。句意：大多数食物网是由许多薄弱环节组成的，而不是几个强大的环节。表示“由……组成”用consist of。

10. managing　考查非谓语动词。句意：豪猪最终找到了能相互取暖而不相互伤害的理想的距离。while 引导时间状语从句，但省略了主语和 be 动词，而 porcupines 与 manage之间是主动关系，故用现在分词。

Ⅲ. 用所给短语的适当形式填空

1. tell a lie　2. gives encouragement 3. managed to  4. To be frank　5. asked for advice　6. move apart

7. instead of

Ⅳ. 根据汉语意思完成句子

1. comforted，with　2. protect，from being polluted  3. even if　4. to what extent　5. in advance　6. Going

back to  

Ⅴ.课文语法填空

1. honesty　考查名词。句意：我们都知道诚实是一种重要品质…… 名词honesty在宾语从句中作主语。

2. that　考查连词。根据句子结构可知，know后跟两个that引导的宾语从句，第二个that不能省略。

3. with　考查介词。comfort sb. with sth.是固定搭配，意为“用某物安慰某人”。

4. telling　考查非谓语动词。作介词for的宾语，应该用动名词telling。

5. encouragement　考查名词。作动词give的宾语用名词encouragement。

6. Lastly　考查副词。根据前面的firstly和secondly可知，此处用副词lastly表次序。

7. to protect　考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，不定式作表语，对主语进行解释说明。

8. supported　考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构可知，动词support与comfort是并列的成分，句子主语they与它们之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，表被动。

9. comes　考查固定结构。When it comes to...是常用结构，意为“当谈到……时”。

10. but　考查连词。根据句意可知，前后句子之间是转折关系，故用but。

Ⅵ. 完形填空

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者的父亲离开了舒适的生活到美国去。在父亲的激励下，作者也决定像父亲一样，转学，学习更具挑战性的课程，未来想要成为一名医生，帮助那些不幸的人。

1. B　根据“At 16，my father studied under the street lights.”及the cold可知，父亲家不富裕，需要在路灯下学习，外面的天气很冷，所以保安让父亲溜进学校无人的走廊里避（escape）寒。

2. A　根据上文“At 16，my father studied under the street lights.”及下文“Despite poor conditions，my father managed to establish his own clinic.”可知，在父亲16岁时，家境并不富裕，需要到路灯下学习，故推知家里缺（lack）电。

3. C　根据“Despite poor conditions，my father managed to establish his own clinic.”可知，父亲创建了他自己的诊所，由此可知，父亲的目标是成为一名医生（doctor）。

4. D　根据move to America可知，父亲搬到美国，故推知父亲离开家，离开（leave）了舒适的生活方式。

5. A　根据下文“Although I also gave up something，like my father...”可知，作者和父亲一样，放弃了一些东西。故此处表示父亲放弃（give up）了一些东西。give in屈服；give away赠送；give out分发。

6. D　根据下文“My academic future challenges and pushes me.”可知，这所学校以及课程对作者来说具有挑战性（challenging）。

7. B　根据下文“At my current high school，I have endless...to make progress and communicate with students from many backgrounds.”可知，虽然作者通过转校的方式做出了牺牲，但是作者在现在的中学，有无尽的机会取得进步，并与来自不同背景的学生交流。所以作者并不后悔（regret）。

8. C　根据下文“Changing schools gave me the...to look for strict courses.”可知，因为这所学校为作者提供了严格的课程等一系列之前的学校无法提供的东西。因此作者认为在新学校有无限的机会（opportunity）取得进步，并且有机会与不同背景的学生交流。

9. A　根据下文可知，新学校的课程对作者很有挑战性，所以新学校推动着作者，并给了作者学习严格课程的动力（drive）。

10. A　根据下文“I am encouraged to study，like my father，...I reach success.”可知，作者想像父亲一样努力学习，故推知作者希望能保持好的（good）成绩。

11. C　根据下文“Also，I realize...is the groundwork of my future and that I must...a good foundation.”可知，作者认为教育是他未来的基础，所以他会像父亲一样，一直努力学习，直到（until）取得成功。

12. D　根据下文“My dream to become a doctor results from my desire to reduce the...of others.”可知，作者想成为一名医生，帮助那些不那么幸运（lucky）的人。

13. B　根据My dream to become a doctor可知，作者想成为一名医生，目的是减轻他人的痛苦（pain）。

14. D　根据上文“For the rest of high school，I hope to keep my...grades and participate in summer programs. I am encouraged to study，like my father，...I reach success.”可知，作者会像父亲一样努力学习，直到成功，认为努力学习能够让他取得成功，故推知教育（education）是作者未来的基础，所以他努力学习。

15. A　根据上文“For the rest of high school，I hope to keep my...grades and participate in summer programs.”及I realize...is the groundwork of my future可知，作者意识到教育是他未来的基础，故推知作者想要打（build）好这个基础，努力学习。

Ⅶ. 七选五

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些把熟人变成朋友的建议。

1. F　根据上文“We all have acquaintances in our life—people we exchange small talks with or trade jokes with online...you can turn an acquaintance into a true friend.”并结合后文说明了让熟人成为朋友的方法可知，F选项“这里有一些建议，可以让熟人成为朋友”符合语境。

2. G　根据上文“True friends know about each other’s values，struggles，goals，and interests.”以及后文“...talking about the weather or something you watched on TV and see how other people reply. Do they seem interested? Do they share something about themselves?”可知，后文提到不必泄露你最保守的秘密，可见本空是在建议要分享一些私人的东西，故G选项“所以试着分享一些比平时更私人的东西”符合语境。

3. A　根据上文“Invite an acquaintance out for a drink or to a movie...making new friends as you do.”以及后文“Take the first step and reach out to a neighbor or workmate，for example—they will thank you later.”可知，上文提到相处不自在，后文提到迈出第一步，可见本空是在讲成为打破僵局的人。故A选项“成为打破僵局的人”符合语境。

4. B　根据上文“Carpool to work.”以及后文“...ask a workmate if they’d like to share rides. Spending regular time together is a great way to get to know others better...”可知，本段主要是讲拼车去上班这一活动，B选项such programs指代上文的Carpool to work。故B选项“许多公司都提供这样的项目”符合语境。

5. C　根据后文“...make the effort to contact them by chatting on Facebook or Twitter.”可知，本段的主旨是通过社交媒体来寻找以前的朋友。故C选项“通过社交媒体寻找老朋友”符合语境。

【高级语块】

open up畅所欲言；打开　give away泄露　lose touch with...和……失去联系

【长难句分析】

If your employer doesn’t，simply ask a workmate if they’d like to share rides.

句意：如果你的雇主不愿意，只需问问你的同事是否愿意和你一起拼车。

句法分析：本句是主从复合句，If your employer doesn’t是条件状语从句，后面的主句本身也是复合句，其中if they’d like to share rides是宾语从句。