【中考一轮专题复习】2023年中考英语专题复习+题型特训——10 简单句和并列句（含答案）

这是一份【中考一轮专题复习】2023年中考英语专题复习+题型特训——10 简单句和并列句（含答案），共12页。试卷主要包含了简单句的分类及其用法，并列句的类型及其用法，翻译下列简单句，用所给单词的正确形式填空，词语运用，完形填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。
考点一、简单句的分类及其用法
（1）肯定结构
1.陈述句 （2）否定结构 be动词 + nt + 原句结构
助动词／情态动词 + nt + 动词原型
行为动词：dn’t / desn’t / didn’t + 动词原型
（1）一般疑问句 结构
简略回答
（2）特殊疑问句 结构 特殊疑问词 + 一般问句
按目的分 2.疑问句 特殊疑问词 + 陈述句语序
（3）选择疑问句 结构 一般问句 + r + 选择部分
回答
（4）反意疑问句 结构 陈述句 + 一般问句
（注意：前肯后否，前否后肯）
回答
3.祈使句 （1）肯定形式 动词原形（+ 其他成分）
（2）否定形式 dn’t + 动词原形（+ 其他成分）
4.感叹句 （3）what引导
（4）hw引导
（1）常见结构：S + V S + V + O S + V + P
1.简单句 S+V+O+C S+V+I+O
（2）形式：S + V S and S + V S + V and V
按结构分
（1）结构：简单句＋并列连词＋简单句
2.并列句 并列（and,nt als...）
转折（but,while,hwever）
（2）分句关系： 选择（r,）
因果（s,fr）

⊙练习
1．Mr. Pitt had t cheer up sn, ______ he wuld lse the game cmpletely.
A．andB．sC．butD．r
2．The F1 driver is hugely talented, ________ he still wrks hard t achieve his gals.
A．sB．butC．ifD．thugh
3．Jimmy set ut early fr the airprt，______ he wuldn't catch the plane．
A．andB．thenC．sD．r
4．Just leave the key t the exercises behind, yu will be dependent n it.
A．rB．andC．sD．but
1）S + Vi + 副词（状语）eg：Birds sing beautifully.
2）S + Vi + 介词短语（状语）eg：He went n hliday.
3）S + Vi + 不定式（状语）eg：We stpped t have a rest.
4）S + Vi + 分词（状语）eg：I'll g swimming.
简单句
基本句型一：主+谓= Ｓ+Ｖi （主＋不及物动词）
1）S + V + 名词/代词 eg：He is a by.
2）S + V + 形容词 eg：She is beautiful.
3）S + V +副词 eg：Class isver.
4）S + V + 介词短语 eg：He isin gd health.
5）S + V+ 分词 eg：He is excited.
基本句型二：Ｓ+ Ｖ系+ Ｐ（主＋系＋表）
1）S + Vt + 名词/代词 eg：I like music. She hates him.
2）S + Vt + 不定式 eg：I want t help him.
3）S + Vt + 疑问词+ 不定式 eg：I dn't knw what t d.
★常用于这句型的动词有：ask, decide, frget, knw等。
4）S + Vt + 动名词 eg：I enjyliving here.
★常用于这句型的动词有：advise, enjy, finish, mind,等。
5）S + Vt + 宾语从句 eg：I dn't think (that) he is right.
★常用于这句型的动词有：hpe, knw, ntice, think,等。
基本句型三：Ｓ+ Ｖt + Ｏ（主＋及物＋宾）
1）S + Vt + 间接宾语+ 直接宾语
eg：I sent him a bk. Give me a cup f tea ,please.
2）S + Vt + 直接宾语+ t/fr + 间接宾语
eg：He sent a bk t me. Shw this huse t Mr. Smith
[说明] ①间接宾语前需要加t 的常用动词有：bring, give, pass, pay, read, sell, send, shw, teach, tell, wish, write等。
②间接宾语前加fr 的常用动词有：buy, get, make 等。
基本句型四：Ｓ+ Ｖt + IO + DO （主＋及物＋间宾＋直宾）
1）S + Vt + 宾语+ 名词 eg：We named ur babyTm.
2）S + Vt + 宾语+ 形容词 eg：He painted the wall white.
3）S + Vt + 宾语+ 介词短语eg：I ften find him at wrk .
4）S + Vt + 宾语+ 不定式 eg：I wish yu t stay.
5）S + Vt + 宾语+ 分词 eg：I heard my namecalled（表示被动）；I feel smething mving（表示进行）.
6）S + Vt + 宾语+ 疑问词+不定式 eg：He shw me hw t d it.
基本句型五：Ｓ+ Ｖt + Ｏ+ ＯＣ（主＋及物＋宾＋宾补）
◆知识点 简单句的五种基本句型
巧记小贴士：
简单句五种基本句型巧记歌诀：
英语句子万万千，五大句型把线牵。句型种类看动词，后接成分是关键。
系词之后接表语，不及物后无需连。及物又可分三类，单宾双宾最常见。
还有宾语补足语，各种搭配记心间。
1. 基本句型一：主+谓= Ｓ+Ｖi （主＋不及物动词）
主语：可以作主语的成分有名词，主格代词，动词不定式，动名词等等。主语一般在句首。
谓语：谓语由动词构成，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语之后。不及物动词（vi.）没有宾语，形成主谓结构，如: S(主）+ Vi（不及物动词）（谓语）We │cme.；The baby│cried.
此句型的句子有一个共同特点：即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。

2. 基本句型二：Ｓ+ Ｖ系+ Ｐ（主＋系＋表）
此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。表语也就是主语的补足语
This │is │an English-Chinese dictinary.
The dinner │smells │gd.
He │is grwing │tall and strng.
3. 基本句型三：Ｓ+ Ｖt + Ｏ（主＋及物＋宾）
此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。
eg：Wh │knws │the answer?
He │likes │English.
4. 基本句型四：Ｓ+ Ｖt + IO + DO（主＋及物＋间宾＋直宾）
有些及物动词可以有两个宾语, 它们通常一个指人(间接宾语)；一个指物(直接宾语)。
eg: She│gave│me│a new bk.
He│brught│yu │a dictinary.
5. 基本句型五：Ｓ+ Ｖt + Ｏ+ ＯＣ（主＋及物＋宾＋宾补）
此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。
宾语补足语：位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明的成分。可以用作宾语补足语的有：名词，形容词，不定式，动名词，分词，介词短语等。
⊙练习
5．We _________ (nt watch) TV n weekdays.
6．—Where is my English dictinary, Rse?
—Oh, srry! I lent it t Tny yesterday, but he ________ (nt give) it back yet.
考点二、并列句的类型及其用法
常用的连词有 and( 同，和 ), when(=and just at this time 就在这时，然后 ), nt nly…but (als)…( 不仅……而且…… ), neither…nr…（既不……也不……）等。如：He helps me and I help him.
He nt nly gave us a lt f advice, but als helped us t study English.
联合关系
常用的连词有r( 或者，否则 ), therwise( 否则 ), r else( 否则 ), ( 不是……就是 ) 。如：Yu must g early, therwise yu will miss the bus.
Either Tm is cming r his sisters are.
选择关系
并列句
常用的连词有 but( 但是，可是，只是因为), while( 而、却 ), yet( 可是 ) 等。如：I like tea while she likes cffee.
She said she wuld be late, yet she arrived n time.
此处，还有副词 still( 仍然），hwever( 然而 ) 也表示转折关系。
Althugh she felt ill, she still went t wrk.
转折关系
常用的连词有 fr（因为）和s（所以，因此）等。如：I am thirsty, fr it is ht.
The manager was ill s I went in her place.
注意： s 不与 because 连用
因果关系
◆知识点 并列句的分类
⊙练习
I dn’t like ndles and my cusin Amy desn’t like them, ________.
A．tB．eitherC．alsD．as well
8．He is a dctr. ________ am I.
A．SuchB．SC．NeitherD．Nr
◆知识点 感叹句的结构及特点
巧记小贴士
感叹句学记口诀:
感叹句并不难， hw或what置句前。 名词之前用what，
hw后形副紧相连。 主谓次序不能变， 口语省略倒常见。
⊙练习
9．—Have yu watched the mvie named The Battle at Lake Changjin?
—Yes, I was mved t tears. ________!
A．What a tuching mvie
B．What tuching a mvie
C．Hw a tuching mvie
10．_______ exciting singing cntest they had yesterday!
A．WhatB．HwC．What anD．Hw an
11．Listen! ________ news reprt Betty is giving! Everyne likes it very much.
A．Hw bringB．Hw wnderful
C．What a wnderfulD．What a bring
◆知识点 祈使句的结构及特点
⊙练习
Dn’t ________ any nise when yu are in the library.
A．makesB．makeC．makingD．made
13．________ (nt have) sprts after dinner, please. It’s bad fr yur health.
14．________ (cntrl) the speed f yur car, and yu’ll be safer.
一、选择填空
1.I help him___ he helps me. We help each ther.
A. but B. and C. r D. thugh
2.___ he ___ I am a dctr.
A. Bth; and B. Either; nr C. Neither; nr D. Neither; and
3 Sme f us wuld like t act the stry ___ it isn't finished yet.
A. but B. and C. thugh D. s
4 One mre week, ___ we will finish the task.
A. r B. s that C. and D. if
5 "The grund must be just right ___ t wet ___ t dry.
A. either; r B. bth; and C. between; and D. neither; nr
6 Sam was ill yesterday, s he________his hmewrk.
A. didn't B. nt did C. didn't d D. didn't did
7 Srry, there's nly ne seat left. ___ yu___ she can have it.
A. neither; nr B. Either; r C. Bth; and D. Nt; but
8 He _________cffee at all. He _________ tea.
A. desn't like, prefers B. likes, desn't prefer
C. wuld like, nt prefers D. prefers, is nt fd f
9 We _________ happy abut the price f meat.
A. dn't B. are nt C. wn't D. weren't being
10 I ______ truble finding the place.
A. didn't have many B. haven't a great deal f
C. didn't have much D. hadn't a lt f
11 _______ f us likes the film.
A. Bth B. All C. Neither D. Sme
12 Which sentence is right?
A. I dn't think that he is nt right. B. I think he is nt right.
C. I dn't think that he is right. D. I think he was nt right.
13 They are ___ yung ___ carry the bx nt the table.
A. enugh; t B. t; t C. s; t D. very; t
14 They ________ lunch at hme every day.
A. have nt B. didn't have C. dn't have D. have nt any
15--________ is yur English teacher like? --He is tall and thin.
A. Hw B. What C. Which D. /
16 --_________d yu like the new play? --It's gd and interesting.
A. Hw B. Which C. What D. Whm
17 Pay attentin please, ___ f yu want t attend the party?
A. wh B. which C. whm D. what
18 --___ did yu sleep last night? --I stayed up t late t g t sleep.
A. Hw B. When C. Why D. Where
19 It is getting dark. Our teacher_________.
A. lets us t g hme B. lets us g hme
C. let us g t hme D. let we g hme
20 _________ she sings!
A. What beautiful B. Hw beautiful C. What beautifully D. Hw beautifully
二、用括号内所给词的适当词汇填空
1.—_______（What a/ What） friendly by he is! —Yes. He’s always ready t help thers.
2.—Yur father went t the park yesterday, _______ ?（didn’t he/ desn’t he ）? —Yes, he did.
3.— I dn’t like hrrr films. They’re terrible. —________（Neither I d/ Neither d I）.
4. Pay attentin t yur manners, _______（r/ either）yu’ll be laughed at.
5.—Dn’t yu g t schl by bike? —_______（N, I d/ N, I dn’t）. I walk t schl every day.
6. —________（Where/ Wh）is yur father, Mike? —He is cking in the kitchen.
7. —I will g fishing this weekend. —_______（S I will/ S will I）. Let’s g tgether.
8.—Dn’t be late fr schl next time, ________（will yu/ d yu）? —N, I wn’t.
9.It never rains（but / and）it purs.
10.I like tea（while / when）she likes cffee.
三、翻译下列简单句。
1.天气很冷。
2.我父亲是一个物理老师。
3.他父亲出国了。
4.他在一家大公司工作。
5.我喜欢流行音乐。
6.她知道下一步做什么。
7.他教我们化学。
8.请告诉我你的电话号码。
9.我们必须保持房间干净。
10.他喜欢看男孩们踢足球。
四、用所给单词的正确形式填空
1．Why nt ________ (g) ut fr a walk after supper?
2．—Nancy, I really dn’t knw hw t write articles.
—Dn’t wrry. ________（use）a mind map t rganize yur ideas.
3．Fllw the instructins, and yu ________ (make) a nice mdel plane.
4．Why nt _________ (carry) ut a survey abut hw t cntrl the spread f COVID-19?
5．N ________, please! It’s against the rules in the museum. (shut)
6．Why nt ________ (g) hme earlier?
7．Hw _________ (care) yu are! Yu’ve made the same mistake again.
8．Dn’t ________ (waste) time. Yu shuld wrk hard at yur lessns.
9．________ mre jbs fr ld peple and they will enjy their life better.（creative）
0．Let’s ________ (mve) twards a better future tgether.
11．Shw yur names t the teachers, and they _________ (lead) yu t the new class.
12．Simn, keep mving and yu ________ (realize) the dream t be a great scientist sme day.
13．________ (stay) indrs, and “Big white” will cme t help yu in time f hardship.
14．Dn’t hate yur enemy, r yu ____ (make) wrng judgement.
15．Jim, please __________ (knck) at the dr befre cming int my rm.
五、词语运用
阅读短文，用but；fr；s；and填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。
Last week I went t the theatre___1___I had a very gd seat. The play was very interesting ___2___ I did nt enjy it. A yung man and a yung wman were sitting behind me ___3___they were talking ludly. I gt very angry, ___4___I culd nt hear the actrs,___5___ I turned rund and lked at the man and the wman angrily, ___6___ they did nt pay attentin. In the end, I culd nt bear it. I turned arund again. "I can’t hear a wrd. I said angrily. "It’s nne f yur business, the yung man said rudely. "This is a private cnversatin!
六、完形填空
Many peple keeps small fish ___1___ pet. They keep them in a tank ___2___ a lt f water and small plants in it. The tank is made f glass s that peple can see inside the tank __3__ watchthe fish. The fish need rm. They mustn't be crwded. They need xygen t breathe.
___4___ must be enugh water fr all fish. ___5___the size f the tank is very imprtant. In the tank peple put small plants which are gd fr fish. They give xygen t the water. Plants help the fish in ther ways, t. They can hide amng the plants, sleep ___6___ lay eggs there.
The fish ___7___be kept in water all the time. S the tank shuld be cvered ___8___ the fish will iump ut. The fish need fd and shuld be fed every day. ___9___ if yu give them t much fd, it is very bad, ___10___the extra fd willl fall t the bttm and make the water dirty. S the fish shuld get just enugh fd and finish it in ten minutes.
Nthing shuld be left.
1.A. fr B. as C. because D. because f
2. A. with B within C. withut D. having
3. A.but B and C. s D. r
4. A.Here B. There C. That D. This
5. A. S B. yet C. but D. still
6. A. and B.fr C. when D.r (else)
B. shuld C. can D. culd
8.A therwise B. r C.yet D. A and B
9.A. But B. Thugh C. hwever D. althugh
10. A. fr B.s C. enriched D enriching
参考答案：
练习
1-4 ABDA 5. dn’t watch 6. hasn’t given 7-8 BB 9-11 ACC 12.B 13. Dn’t have 14. Cntrl
一、1—5 BCCCD 6---10 CBABC 11---15 CCBCB 16---20 ABCBD
二、1. What a 2. didn’t he 3. Neither d I 4.r 5. N, I dn’t 6. Where 7. can he 8. S will I 9. but 10. while
三、The weather is very cld．
My father is a physics teacher．
His father has gne abrad．
He wrks in a big cmpany．
I like ppular music．
She knws what t d next．
He teaches us chemistry．
Please tell me yur telephne number．
We must keep the rm clean．
He likes t watch the bys playing ftball．
四、1．g
2．Use
3．will make
4．carry
5．shuting
6．g
7．careless
8．waste
9．Create
10．mve
11．will lead
12．will realize
13．Stay
14．will make
15．knck
五、1.and 2.but 3.and 4.fr 5.s 6.but
六、1—5BABBA 6—10ABDAA
句 型 种 类
主语
谓 语 部 分
谓语动词
表语
宾 语
宾 补
主语 + vi
Tm
went.
主语 + vt + 宾语
Bb
likes
dgs.
主语 + 系动词 + 表语
They
are
wrkers.
主语 + vt + 间宾 + 直宾
He
gave
me water.
（间）（直）
主语 + vt + 宾语 + 宾补
I
made
her
happy.
分 类
常用并列连词
例 句
联合并列句
and, nt nly … but als… neither … nr … then等
The teacher’s name is Smith, and the student’s name is Jhn.
转折并列句
but, still, hwever, yet, while, when等
He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way f making his classes lively.
选择并列句
r, either … r … 等
Hurry up, r yu’ll miss the train.
因果并列句
s, fr等
It was late, s we went hme.
类别
结 构
例 句
以
what
引
导
What ＋ a / an ＋ adj. ＋ 单数可数名词
＋主语＋谓语！
What a silly questin he asked!
What an interesting stry (it is)!
What (＋adj.) ＋复数名词 ＋ 主语 ＋ 谓语！
What lvely babies they are!
What beautiful pictures they are!
What fls yu are!
What ＋ adj.＋ 不可数名词 (＋主＋谓)！
What fine weather (it is) tday!
What gd advice she gave!
hw
引导
Hw ＋ adv. / adj. ＋ 主语 ＋ 谓语！
Hw cl it was yesterday!
Hw hard the pupil wrks!
常见形式
例 句
肯
定
形
式
Vi.（+ 副词）
G ahead！ Sit dwn! Cme here, everybdy!
Vt. + 宾语
Stp talking! Give it t yur sister!
be ＋ adj.
Be careful! 小心！
Be sure t turn ff the light! 务必（千万）要关上灯！
否定形式
(Dn’t / Never + V.)
Dn’t be late next time. 下次不要迟到了！
Never put ff till tmrrw what can be dne tday. 今日事今日毕。
Let 结构
Let him nt waste time. 让他别浪费时间。
Let’s be frank with each ther. 让我们彼此坦诚相待，好吗?
有主语结构
（以示强调）
(Yu + V.)
Yu clean the blackbard! 你去擦黑板！
Jhn, yu be quiet. 约翰，你给我安静点！
无动词祈使句
Silence! 安静! N parking! 不准停车！
N entry! 不准入内。 N smking! 不准吸烟！