【中考一轮专题复习】2023年中考英语专题复习+题型特训——07 动词时态 （含答案）

这是一份【中考一轮专题复习】2023年中考英语专题复习+题型特训——07 动词时态 （含答案），共13页。试卷主要包含了动词时态的分类及其应用，时态的判断，语篇特训，完形填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。

考点一、动词时态的分类及其应用
时态（表现在实义动词的形式变化上
时态名称
及物动词必须跟宾语
不及物动词不直跟宾语
谓动的表现形式
一般现在时
一般过去时
现在进行时
过去进行时
一般将来时
★过去将来时
现在完成时
★过去完成时
d/第三人称单数形式des
did（谓语动词用过去式）
（am/ is/ are）be+ding
was/were+ding
will+d（动词原形）
wuld+d（动词原形）
have/(第三人称用has)+dne
had+dne(过去分词)
需要（有实在意义）
有明显的时间标志
用法
表示平时经常或习惯性动作
某次过去做某事
现在正在做某事
过去正在做某事
现在将要做某事
过去将要做某事
到现在已经做某事
到过去已经做某事
◆知识点一 一般现在时
1) 表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I leave hme fr schl at 7 every mrning.
2) 表示普遍真理，客观存在，科学事实。如：The earth mves arund the sun.
1．一般现在时的构成
一般现在时通常用“主语＋am/is/are＋…”或“主语＋动词原形/三单形式＋…”表示，常见的标志词有ften，usually，smetimes，every day，nce a week，n Mnday等。
2．一般现在时的用法
⊙练习
( )1.(2022•广州，语法选择13)“Running water frm the tap can be harmful t fish，” Dad explained. “That we can't put Bb int fresh water right away.”
A．meanB．means
C．meantD．is meaning
( )2.(2022•武汉)—I dn't think sixteen-year-lds shuld be allwed t drive.
—I . It's nt safe.
A．agreeB．agreed
C．will agreeD．had agreed
( )3.(2022•扬州)Xia Sen a simple life and saves her mney fr dnatins.
A．livesB．lived
C．was livingD．will live
◆知识点二 一般过去时
1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。如：Where did yu g just nw?
2)表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。如：When I was a child, I ften played ftball in the street.
1.一般过去时的构成
一般过去时的谓语动词要用动词的过去式。动词过去式的构成分规则变化和不规则变化两种形式。
2．一般过去时的用法
⊙练习
( )4.(2022•广东，语法选择39)She herself that she still had a lng way t g and that she shuld keep practicing.
A．tell
B．tells
C．tld
( )5.(2022•广州，语法选择4)… s Bb wuldn't get lnely while I at schl.
A．amB．was
C．wereD．will be
( )6.(2022•徐州)—Daniel has gne t Beijing n business.
—Oh, I didn't knw. When ？
A．has he leftB．was he leaving
C．did he leave D．will he leave
◆知识点三 现在进行时
1) 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。如：We are waiting fr yu.
2)表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。如：Mr. Green is writing anther nvel. (说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。)
3)短暂性动词的进行时一定表示将来的含义。如：We are arriving at Lndn.
1．现在进行时的构成
现在进行时通常用“主语＋be (am/is/are)＋动词的现在分词＋…”来表示。
动词的现在分词的变化规则.
2．现在进行时的用法
⊙练习
( )7.(2022•昆明)—China's high-speed railway technlgy the wrld nw.
—That's true. It has develped rapidly ver the past years.
A．ledB．was leading
C．is leadingD．will lead
( )8.(2022•北京)The wrkers the cmmunity center nw.
A．cleaned B．were cleaning
C．will clean D．are cleaning
( )9.—Why is it s nisy in the hall?
—Sme peple a birthday party in it.
A．hldB．have held
C．are hldingD．will hld
◆知识点四 过去进行时
1)过去进行时主要表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作，常和表示过去的状语连用。如：What were yu ding at nine last night? 昨晚九点的时候，你在做什么?
2)过去进行时也可以表示过去某一段时间内正在进行的动作。如：Frm 1983 t 1998 , he was teaching at Yale .从1983到1998年，他正在耶鲁大学教书。
1．过去进行时的构成
过去进行时通常用“主语＋was/were＋动词的现在分词＋…”来表示。
2．过去进行时的用法
⊙练习
( D )10.(2022•十堰)When the teacher gt int the classrm, Xiaming a nvel.
A．readB．reads
C．is readingD．was reading
( C )11.(2022•镇江)—Yu lk tired!
—My husband ftball matches all night. That was t nisy!
A．watchesB．has watched
C．was watchingD．will watch
( C )12.(2022•北京)I abut my sister when my phne rang. It was her!
A．thinkB．will think
C．was thinking D．am thinking
◆知识点五 一般将来时
1)表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或重复发生的动作。
2)will d
表示主观意愿做某事。如：I will see a mvie this mrning.
表示客观的不以人的意志为转移的客观将来。如：Fish will die withut water.
3) be ging t +d
表示计划，安排要发生的事。如：The play is ging t be prduced next mnth。
1．一般将来时的构成
一般将来时通常用“主语＋shall/will/be ging t＋动词原形＋…”来表示，有些动词可以用现在进行时来表示将来时。
2．一般将来时的用法
⊙练习
( B )13.(2022•江西)Dn't leave yur tys n the table, r I them away.
A．threw B．will thrw
C．have thrwn D．was thrwing
( A )14.(2022•安徽)—What are yu saving mney fr?
—Father's Day is arund the crner. I a gift fr my father.
A．am ging t buy B．have bught
C．bught D．was buying
( C )15.I t gd friends r parents fr help if I get myself in truble.
A．turnB．turned
C．will turnD．have turned
PS：过去将来时（不作为考点）
立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。如：Wang Lei said that she was ging t visit her uncle next Saterday。
◆知识点六 现在完成时
1)表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。如：I have finished my hmewrk. 我做完家庭作业了。(过去某时开始做，到现在已完成。)
2)表示：过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，并且有可能继续下去。如：I have studied English fr six years. 我已经学了六年英语了。
1．现在完成时的构成
现在完成时通常用“主语＋have/has＋动词的过去分词＋…”来表示。
(1)过去分词的规则变化(同动词的过去式的规则变化)
(2)过去分词的不规则变化
2．现在完成时的用法
3．一般过去时与现在完成时的区别
4.瞬间动词与延续动词
注：许多非延续性动词可以用意思相同或相近的延续性动词来表示。如：leave→be away(frm), arrive/reach→be at/in, begin→be n, cme/g→be in/at, finish→be ver, buy→have, brrw→keep, die→be dead, jin→be in/be a member f
⊙练习
( D )16.(2022•北京)Jim a lt abut Chinese culture since he began t study in ur schl.
A．learnsB．learned
C．will learnD．has learned
( D )17.(2022•包头)Christine the family's Sunday lunch since she was 12 years ld.
A．cksB．cked
C．will ckD．has cked
( C )18.(2022•十堰)Since he was a little by, he in lve with music.
A．isB．was
C．has beenD．had been
PS：过去完成时（不作为考点）
1)以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。 如：As sn as we gt t the statin, the train had left.
考点二、时态的判断
时态判断
时态类型
时间状语
一般现在时
ften,never every day等
一般过去时
现在进行时
过去进行时
一般将来时
过去将来时
现在完成时
ag, yesterday, last week, in 1989
nw, these days
at this/ that time yesterday
tmrrw, next year
the next day/ year/ week
s far,in the past years,,since
标志
频率/真理/时间条件状
yesterday, just nw,when+从句
lk, listen与频度副词连用
when+过去进行时
in+时间段
常用于宾语从句中
already,yet,ever,never,befre,fr
过去完成时
by yesterday/then/the end f
befre/ by+过去进行时
一、选择填空
1. A mther wh ________ her sn will d everything fr his happiness.
A. is lving B. lves C. lved D. has lved
2. Lk at Jhn! What ________ ?
A. des he B. he is ding C. is he ding D. des he d
3. He ________ hme fr nearly three weeks.
A. has gne away frm B. has left C. has been away frm D. went away frm
4. Since yu dn't want t g, I ________ alne.
A. will g B. g C. went D. have gne
5.They wanted t knw when they ________ have an examinatin.
A. had gne t B. were ging t C. wuld be ging D. had been ging
6. He ________ ut when smebdy called at his ffice.
A. has just gne B. had just gne C. just went D. just nw went
7.He newspapers at 8：00 every evening.
A．readsB．is reading
C．was readingD．has read
8.Jeffery has had many Chinese friends since he t China tw years ag.
A．has cmeB．cmes
C．wuld cmeD．came
9.—Wuld yu like t see the mvie Changjin Lake this evening?
—Oh, it's a gd mvie. But I it already.
A．sawB．have seen
C．seeD．will see
10.I'm srry I didn't answer yur call because I music.
A．listen tB．listened t
C．was listening t D．am listening t
11.Dn't lse heart. If yu keep wrking hard, yu sme day.
A．will succeedB．succeed
C．succeededD．have succeeded
12.—Mike, why are yu standing utdrs?
—I my keys. I have t wait here until my mther cmes back.
A．have lstB．will lse
13.The chief engineer annunced that they a space lab n the space statin arund the end f 2022.
A．have builtB．had built
C．will buildD．wuld build
14.Please wait fr a mment. My bss his car t cme here.
A．is drivingB．drve
C．drivesD．was driving
二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1.The little girl will give the flwer t the her when he ______ (appear).
2.He said that he ______ (cme) back in five minutes.
3.My brther likes English very much, and he ______ (practice) reading every mrning.
4.He said he______ (g) t visit the writer.
said he wuld call us as sn as he______ (arrive) in Beijing the next day.
6.He met many prblems while he ______ (g) ver his lessns.
7.I didn’t knw that yu ______ (be) in the rm.
8.Mr,Wang ______ (wrk) in the factry since it pened in 1995.
9.the children ______ (watch) TV when the mther came in.
三、语篇特训
There was nce a farmer with a field f crn. He wrked hard n it but the crn 1 because there had been n rain fr a lng time.
1.A．diedB．is dying C．was dying
One day, as he 2 lking up at the sky, tw little raindrps saw him. One said t the ther, “I feel very srry fr him. He 3 s hard in the field, but nw his field 4 . I wish I might help him.”
2.A．standsB．std C．is standing
3.A．wrksB．wrked C．will wrk
4.A．dry up B．is drying up C．dried up
“Yu are nly a little raindrp. Yu can't wet even ne plant，” said the ther.
“But perhaps I can cheer him a little. I 5 dwn t shw my supprt, if I can't d anything mre. Here I g！” said the first.
The secnd ne said, “Well, I think I can d that，t. Here I g！” S the tw raindrps 6 dwn. One fell n the farmer's nse, and the ther n a thirsty plant.
5.A．gB．went C．will g
6.A．gB．are ging C．went
“What's that？” the farmer cried. “A raindrp! I d believe we 7 a shwer sn.”
7.A．will haveB．have C．had
Other raindrps saw what they 8 . One said，“If yu tw 9 such a gd jb, I shall fllw！” And dwn it went. “And I！” said anther. “And I！” they all said, until a whle shwer went dwn. “Nw yu can see we 10 the crn，” said the tw little raindrps happily.
8.A．didB．will d C．were ding
9.A．will dB．are ding C．des
10.A．saveB．have saved C．is saving
四、完形填空
It was a sunny Sunday afternn. Jhn’s parents were nt in. Jhn ___1___ t g t the Happy Theater t watch a talent shw, s he ___2___ hme. Only Barky, Jhn’s pet dg stayed at hme. Just after Jhn left, a bad man ___3___ the windw, and then he ___4___ int the huse thrugh it. He ___5___ fr expensive things in the rms. He fund sme mney in the bx. He __6___ the mney, but as he ___7___, he heard a dg’s barking(叫声). He lked arund and fund Barky lking at him angrily. He was very scared. Barky ___8___ him when Jhn came hme. Jhn let Barky sit dwn and tld the bad man ludly, “ Cme with me t the plice statin, r Barky will bite yu!” S the bad man had t ___9___ Jhn with Barky clse behind. A pliceman cuffed(铐) the bad man after Jhn ___10___ him the thing. Barky had a talent fr watching the huse. But the bad man didn’t knw.
1. A. decide B. decided C. think D. hpe
2. A. left B. stayed C. reached D. waited
3. A. killed B. acted C. tuched D. brke
4. A. cme B. came C.g D. will g
5. A. began lking B. begin lking C. began thinking D. began t lk
6. A. get ut B. tk ut C. take ut D. will take
7. A. was leaving B. will leaving C. left D. was ging
8. A. was bitten B. is ging t bite C. was ging t bite D. was biteing
9. A. help B. bring C. jin D. fllw
10. A.said B. spke C. tld D. talked
参考答案：
一、1—5BCCAB 6—10BADBC 11—14AADA
1.appear 2.wuld cme 3.practices 4.wuld g 5.arrived 6.was ging 7.were 8.has wrked 9.were watching
三、1-4 CBAB 5-7 CCA 8-10 ABB
四、1—5BADBA 6—10BACDC
用法
例句
说明
表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态
I leave hme fr schl at 7 every day.
常与always, ften, usually, smetimes，every day等频率副词或时间状语连用
表示客观事实或普遍真理
The earth ges arund the sun.
He said light travels faster than sund.
如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句中谓语动词也要用一般现在时
按计划或时间表发生的动作
The Flight M398 takes ff at 3 p．m. tmrrw.
一般现在时表示将来肯定会发生的动作，常见的动词有cme, g, mve, stp, leave, finish, start等
在时间、条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来
I'll tell yu when I arrive in Beijing tmrrw.
I'll g fishing if the weather's fine next week.
主句是将来时，时间状语从句或条件状语从句用一般现在时
用法
例句
说明
表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态
Where did yu g just nw？
常与yesterday，last week，an hur ag，the ther day，in 1981等时间状语连用
表示过去的习惯或某一段时间经常性的动作
When I was a child, I ften played in the yard.
常与always，usually，ften，smetimes，never等频率副词连用
用于时间状语从句中
He has wrked in the schl since he mved here in 2020.
用于since引导的时间状语从句，主句的谓语动词如果用现在完成时，since引导的时间状语从句要用一般过去时
用法
例句
说明
表示现在正在进行的动作
He is waiting fr yu at the schl gate nw.
Lk! The man is flying a kite at the square.
在句中常有nw等时间状语或Lk！/ Listen! 等提示词语
表示目前一段时间内正在进行的动作或存在的状态
Mr.Green is writing anther nvel these days.
说话时未必在做，是这阶段所处的状态
用现在进行时表达将要发生的动作
They are leaving fr Hng Kng tmrrw.
常用的动词有cme, g, leave, arrive, start等
现阶段反复发生的动作或状态
Yu are always changing yur mind.
与always，frever 等词连用，往往带有说话人的主观色彩
用法
例子
说明
表示在过去某一时刻或某段时间内正在进行的动作
It was raining when they left the statin.
有特定的时间，如at that time, at that mment, at this time yesterday等，或有when, while等时间状语从句
过去反复发生的动作或状态
My grandfather was always frgetting things.
与always，frever 等词连用，往往带有说话人的主观色彩
用过去进行时表示过去将发生的动作
He said he was leaving fr Lndn sn.
常用的动词有cme, g, leave, arrive, start等
用法
例句
说明
表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来的时间状语连用
I will be free tmrrw. He'll arrive here tnight.
表达没有主观性，是“纯粹的将来动作”
事先考虑、打算、计划要做的事，用“be ging t＋动词原形”
He is ging t spend his hlidays in Lndn.
表示说话人的意图、打算
主语是I 或we时，问句中使用shall
When shall we meet tmrrw mrning？
表示征求对方意见
be ding结构，现在进行时表将来
G ahead, and I'm cming.
常用的动词有cme，g，leave，start等
be abut t＋动词原形
The new schl year is abut t begin.
表示即将发生的动作
用法
例句
说明
表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或带来的结果
She has already seen the film.
重心在对现在产生的影响上，常常与already, yet, never, befre等连用
表示截止现在已完成或刚完成的动作
I've just dne my wrk and can g with yu.
常与already, just，s far等连用
表示动作开始于过去，持续到现在，也许还要持续下去
They have learned English fr eight years.
常与till nw, s far, in the past few days等连用；常与fr＋时间段，since＋时间点/时间状语从句连用
例句
句意
解读
I saw this film yesterday.
昨天我看了这部电影。
陈述以前发生的事情，单纯叙述过去，与现在无关
I have seen this film.
我已经看过这部电影了。
强调过去发生的事对现在的影响
例句
解读
He has brrwed the bk. (√)
He has brrwed the bk since last week. (×)
He has kept the bk since last week. (√)
瞬间动词表示动作瞬间完成，可以有现在完成时态，但不能与表示一段时间的时间状语连用
He has left the factry fr three years. (×)
He has been away frm the factry fr three years. (√)
常用相应的延续性动词来代替短暂性动词，或变为其他形式的表述