【中考一轮专题复习】2023年中考英语专题复习+题型特训——11 复合句（含答案)

这是一份【中考一轮专题复习】2023年中考英语专题复习+题型特训——11 复合句（含答案)，共12页。试卷主要包含了复合句的类型及其应用，用括号内所给词的适当词汇填空，词语运用，完形填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。
英语句子中常有一个主句和一个或多个从句组合而成的长句子，这样的句子叫做复合句。初中阶段常见的复合句主要包括宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句。
如：After the students were all in the chemistry lab, the teacher brught ut
three bttles.在学生全都进入化学实验室后，老师拿出三个瓶子来。（主句是“the teacher brught ut three bttles”，从句是“After the students were all in the chemistry lab”。）
考点一、复合句的类型及其应用
通常由that,whether以及疑问连词引导。一般情况下,常用it替代主语从句,而将主语从句移到句尾。
复合句
主语从句
在句子中作连系动词的表语的从句,位于主句中的系动词之后。
表语从句

从句连词的选择：若从句源于陈述句,则连词用that,
(口语中可省)；若从句源于一般疑问句,连词则用if 或whether；若从句源于特殊疑问句,则连词就是疑问词(如what,wh,where,when等)
宾语从句
在句子中作及物动词或介词的宾语。基本形式：
（主句＋）连词+从句主语+从句谓语+……
从句的时态：若主句是现在时,从句可用任何时态；若主句是过去时,则从句相应地使用过去某一时态,遇到客观真理时仍然用现在时。
①从句的位置：放在名词或代词之后。引导定语从句的关系词that、which、wh称为关系代词,where、when、hw称为关系副词。
③ 关系代词或关系副词的作用：
关系代词wh、whm 和whse指人,在从句中作主语、宾语和定语。which指物that指物/人。关系副词when或where在从句中分别作时间状语和地点状语。
④限制性定语从句在句中不能省略。非限制性定语从句是一种附加说明,如果省去,也不致于影响主句的意思。
定语从句
时间状语从句通常由when ,as ,while, after, since, whenever 等引导。
地点状语从句通常由 where, wherever等引导。
原因状语从句通常由because, since, as等引导。
目的状语从句通常由s that..., ,in rder that...等引导。
结果状语从句通常由s that..., 等引导。
比较状语从句通常由as, than, as (s)等引导,常省从句的谓语部分。
让步状语从句通常由thugh,as,even if,hwever, whatever等引导。
条件状语从句通常由if, unless, as lng as等引导。
状语从句
◆知识点一
宾语从句:
在复合句中作宾语成分的从句叫做宾语从句。
◆宾语从句使用陈述句语序 即引导词+主语＋谓语+其他。
Eg: D yu knw where Tm lives? 你知道汤姆住哪儿吗？
宾语从句考查其引导词、语序、时态的应用。
①看语序，宾语从句的语序为主语＋谓语＋宾语＋其他；
②考虑时态，宾语从句的时态一般和主句的时态保持一致，或以时间状语来判断时态;
③看答语，问内容用what、问地点用where、问原因用why、问方式用hw等。
引导词
that在从句中作宾语时可以省略；作主语时不能省略。
This is the factry (that) we visited last mnth.
这是我们上个月参观的工厂。(作宾语)
what, when, where, hw等特殊疑问词
Please tell me hw yu g t schl.
请告诉我你怎样去学校的。
whether / if，意为“是否”，在whether…r nt 结构中不能用if 替换。
I dn’t knw if there will be a bus any mre.
我不知道这里是否还会有巴士。
时态
主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际情况使用相应时态。
I hear Je left fr Beijing yesterday.
我听说乔昨天去北京了。
主句是过去时，从句使用过去时的某种形式。
He asked if I had finished my wrk.
他问我是否已经完成工作了
③ 从句表示客观事实、真理、自然现象等时，不管主句使用什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。
Everyne knew that light travels faster than sund.
每个人都知道光速比声音传播要快。
※知识拓展 宾语从句的否定转移
当主句的谓语动词是think, guess, believe, cnsider等动词，且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时，从句的否定词提前到主句中。
I dn’t think he will cme t my party.
我认为他不会参加我的聚会。
⊙练习
( )1. He asked which film they _____ abut.
A. will talk B. are ging t talk
C. was ging t talk D. were talking
( )2. D yu knw _____ bike this is?
A. that B. wh C. why D. whse
( )3. Plly said n news _____ gd news.
A. was B. were C. is D. are
◆知识点二
定语从句:
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词，并充当其定语的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。定语从句常放在先行词的后面，由关系代词wh, whm, whse, which, that等引导。
A dctr is a persn wh lks after peple’s health. （定语从句修饰先行词a persn）

先行词 主语 谓语 宾语
先行词
◆下列情况先行词指物时，只能用that，不能用which。
① 先行词是all, little, much, nne, everything, anything, nthing等不定代词。
He tld me everything that he knws.
他将他知道的每件事都告诉了我。
② 先行词被the nly, the very修饰
He is the nly man that I want t see.
他是我唯一想见的人。
③ 先行词有形容词最高级或序数词修饰
This is the best film that I have ever seen.
这是我曾经看过的最好的电影。
④ 先行词被all, any, every, each, much, little, n, sme, few等修饰
All the bks that yu ffered has been given ut.
你所提供的所有书都被分发出去了。
⑤ 先行词既指人又指物
We talked abut the persns and things that we remembered. 我们谈论一些记忆中的人和事。
⑥ 句中已经有wh或which，为了避免重复
Wh is the man that is making a speech?
那个演讲的男人是谁？
◆ 只用which/wh/whm的情况
在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which指代物，用wh / whm指人。
He has a sn, wh has gne abrad fr further study.
他有一个儿子，出国深造去了。
② 在由 “介词 + 关系代词” 引导的定语从句中，只能用which指物，whm指人。
I like the persn t whm the teacher is talking.
我喜欢和老师谈话的那个人。
③ 先行词本身是that时，关系代词用which；先行词为thse, ne, he时，多用wh。
Thse wh respect thers are usually respected by thers.
尊重别人的人也会受到别人的尊重。
⊙练习
( )4. The by _____ helped me yesterday is playing sccer with his friends.
A. whm B. wh C. which D. whse
( )5. The music _____ the U2 band played was very ppular.
A. which B. wh C. whm D. whse
( )6. This is the best way _____ can help us earn lts f mney.
A. which B. wh C. that D. when
( )7. Anyne ______ breaks the rules must be punished.
A. whm B. whse C. which D. wh
◆知识点三
状语从句:
在复合句中，修饰主句中动词、形容词或副词的从句叫做状语从句。状语从句可分为时间、条件、原因、结果、比较、目的、让步、方式八大类。初中阶段我们需要重点掌握的有时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句和结果状语从句。
①时间状语从句常由从属连词when, as, while, befre, after, since, till, until, as sn as引导。the mment, every time, each time可引出一个从句，相当于时间状语从句。
②条件状语从句常由从属连词if, unless, s lng as, as lng as引导。
③原因状语从句常由从属连词because, fr, since, as引导。
④结果状语从句常由从属连词s that, s…that, such…that引导。
⑤目的状语从句常由从属连词s，s that引导。
⑥让步状语从句常由从属连词thugh/althugh(尽管，虽然)，even if/even thugh(即使) 引导，althugh/thugh可与yet连用，但不可与but连用。
※
主将从现原则：主句表示将来意义时，从句用一般现在时；
在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，如果主句是一般将来时或具有将来的含义，从句的谓语动词常用一般现在时表将来。
2) while引导的从句中，动词一般是延续性的；
3) until用在肯定句中，主句动词是延续性的，而否定句中主句动词为短暂性的。
I was ding my hmewrk when my mther came in.
当我妈妈进来的时候，我正在写作业。
⊙练习
( )8. He spke s quickly ______ n ne culd fllw him.
A. which B. after C. as D. that
( )9. －When will he call yu up?
－_______ he cmes back.
A. As sn as B. Since C. Because D. Unless
( )10. He will nt g t the cinema _____ he’s ill.
A. thugh B. unless C. why D. because
( )11. His father is _____ busy _____ he seldm ges back hme.
A. t; t B. s; that C. enugh; t D. such; that
一、选择填空
( )1.I'm surprised that he ________ in the library fr the whle day yesterday.
A.stay B.stays C.stayed D.staying
( )2.I dn't knw ________， and nw I'm thirsty.
A.where I put the cup B.where did I put the cup
C.hw I put the cup D.hw did I put the cup
( )3.—I'm new here.Culd yu please tell me ________？
—Sure.It's ver there behind that twer.
A.where the yuth centre is B.when the library pens
C.hw far is the amusement park D.hw can I get t the subway statin
( )4.Her teacher fund ________ she's a clever girl.
A.when B.what C.if D.that
( )5.The wman asked the pliceman where ________.
A.the pst ffice is B.the pst ffice was
C.is the pst ffice D.was the pst ffice
( )6.We haven't fund ut ________， but we have knwn ________.
A.wh he is; hw t search it B.wh he is; t search it hw
C.wh is he; hw t search it D.wh is he; t search it hw
( )7.—Can yu tell me ________？
—Sure.His hme is next t the cinema.
A.what is Steve ding B.what Steve is ding
C.where des Steve live D.where Steve lives
( )8.—May I cme in? I'm srry I am late.
—Cme in, please.But culd yu please tell me ________？
A.hw d yu cme t schl B.what were yu ding then
C.wh yu talked with D.why yu are late again
( )9.It's the museum ________ we saw the wrldfamus painting last mnth.
A.that B.which C.where D.when
( )10.I'm ging t start a club t help students ________ are nt interested in schlwrk.
A.whse B.wh C.whm D.which
( )11.—D yu knw ________ this time yesterday? —Srry, I dn't knw.
A.what she is ding B.what was she ding
C.what she was ding D.that she was ding
( )12.One f the mst interesting places in Yangzhu ________ are ften visited by freigners is the West Slender Lake.
A.what B.wh C.that D./
( )13.I've becme gd friends with several f the students in my schl ________ I met in the English speech cntest last year.
A.wh B.where C.when D.which
( )14.Jhn is the by ________ legs were b adly hurt in the accident.
A.whse B.that C.wh D.which
( )15.—Where did yu g last week?
—I went t Zhang Aiping's hmetwn and visited the huse ________ he was brn in.
A.that B.there C.wh D.whse
( )16.—I hear the famus singer Xu Sng may cme t Ningb next mnth.
—Really？ ________ he cmes, my yunger sister will be very excited.
A.If B.Until C.Unless D.Befre
( )17.Zhu Lib is Shanghai's favrite funny man.He is gd at making peple laugh.His lively shws were ________ ht that tickets sld ut in minutes.
A.very B.t C.such D.s
( )18.—What are yu ding nw? —We are talking abut ________.
A.when shall we g t Tianjin B.why we like Tianjin
C.wh shuld we g with D.which statin shuld we g
( )19.—Why dn't yu tell me _______？ —I dn't knw either, s I can't tell yu _______.
A.wh is that man in blue; wh is the man B.wh that man in blue is; wh is the man
C.wh is that man in blue; wh the man is D.wh that man in blue is; wh the man is
( )20.Please tell me ________.I have sme gifts fr him.
A.hw has Rbert cme B.where Rbert is
C.when will Rbert leave D.what des Rbert like
二、用括号内所给词的适当词汇填空
1.—_______（What a/ What） friendly by he is! —Yes. He’s always ready t help thers.
2.—Yur father went t the park yesterday, _______ ?（didn’t he/ desn’t he ）? —Yes, he did.
3.— I dn’t like hrrr films. They’re terrible. —________（Neither I d/ Neither d I）.
4. Pay attentin t yur manners, _______（r/ either）yu’ll be laughed at.
5.—Dn’t yu g t schl by bike? —_______（N, I d/ N, I dn’t）. I walk t schl every day.
6. —________（Where/ Wh）is yur father, Mike? —He is cking in the kitchen.
7. —I will g fishing this weekend. —_______（S I will/ S will I）. Let’s g tgether.
8.—Dn’t be late fr schl next time, ________（will yu/ d yu）? —N, I wn’t.
9.It never rains（but / and）it purs.
10.I like tea（while / when）she likes cffee.
三、根据汉语的提示，在空格内填上恰当的关联词
1._____ this happended is nt clear t anyne. 这件事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。
2.They believe_____ the cmputer will finally take the place f human beings.(他们相信计算机最终将代替人类。)
3.I wnder_____ I shuld say smething fr him t the headmaster.(我不知道是否我应该为他向校长说些什么。)
4.I will never frget t catch the thief wh stle my necklace _____ he may be. (我永远也不会忘记去抓住那个偷我项链的贼,无论他会在哪里。)
5.He went abrad _____ his father had fund a gd university fr him. (他出国了,因为他父亲给他找了一所好大学。)
6.He gt up earlier _____t he culd catch the first train. (他起身更早为的是赶上第一班车。)
7.He lst _____ many bikes _____ he decided never t buy a new ne. (他丢了那么多辆自行车,他决定再也不买新车了。)
8. _____ yu pay the debt(债务) fr me, I will nt thank yu because it has nthing t d with me. (即使你替我还了债我也不会感谢你,因为它与我毫无关系。)
9.He wears a T-shirt _____ it is very cld. (他穿了一件T恤衫,尽管天很冷。)
10. _____ it desn’ t rain tmrrw, we shall g hiking. (如果明天不下雨我们就要去徒步旅行。)
11.The man _____ has an umbrella in his hand is my uncle. (手上抓了一把雨伞的人是我的叔叔。)
12.I can never frget the day _____ I first saw yu. (我永远不会忘记第一次见到你的日子。)
13.Can yu give me anything _____ has n sugar inside? (能不能给我点里面没有糖的东西？)
14.D yu knw the wman _____ is weeping in the crner? (你认识那个在角落里哭泣的女人吗？)
15.She spent the whle evening talking abut her latest bk, _____ nne f us had heard f. (她一个晚上都在谈论她最近的书,我们一个人都没有听说过那本书。)
四、根据汉语的提示，从方框中选择适当的词填空，使句子通顺、意思完整。
1.I think ________ it's wrng t eat mnkeys, s I dn't.
2.Anybdy ________ breaks the rule is punished.
3. ________ it was expensive, we decided t buy the cmputer.
4.Wuld yu please let me knw ________ yu have a match?
5. ________ we need is mre time.
6.—What is ur head teacher like, d yu knw?
—Oh, he is very kind _____ he lks very serius.
7.Over 500 peple were wrking in the building ________ the fire brke ut n the llth flr.
8.The chief editr decides ________ will be the mst imprtant stry n the frnt page.
9. ________ she will cme r nt is still a questin.
10.That is ________ he was brn.
11.We heard the news ________ ur team had wn.
12.I dn't knw the girl. Culd yu tell me ________ she cmes frm?
13.—What did yur teacher say this mrning? —She asked me_____Tm wuld get t schl.
14.—I can't find Mary.Where's she?
—Srry, I dn't knw _____ she has gne.
15.Everything ________yu tld me is nt true.
五、词语运用
阅读短文，选择恰当的词语填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。
Making friends is a skill. Like mst skills, yu can imprve it___1__yu are patient. grwing If yu want t meet peple and make friends, yu must be willing t take actin. Yu must first g__2__there are peple. Yu wn't make friends staying hme a alne. Jining a club r a grup, talking t thse thse__3___like the same things as yu d is much easier. Or jin smene in sme activity.
Many peple are nervus___4__talking t new peple. After all,meeting strangers meansseeing the unknwn. And it's human nature t feel a bit unpleasant abut the unknwn. Mst f fears abut dealing with new peple cme frm dubts (怀疑) abut urselves. We imagine ther peple are judging us—finding us t tall r t shrt, t this r t that. But dn't frget__5___they must be feeling the same way. Try t accept yurself__6__yu are, and try t make thers feel at hme. Yu'll all feel mre cmfrtable. Try t be brave___7__yu dn't feel that way___8__yu center a rm full f strangers. Walk tall and straight, lk directly at ther peple and smile.___9__yu see smene yu'd like t speak t, say smething. Dn't wait fr the ther persn t start a cnversatin.
Just meeting smene new des nt mean__10___yu'll make friends with that persn. Friendship is based n mutual (相互的) likings and "give and take". It takes time and effrt (精力)fr us t develp friendship. And there are things that stp a new friendship frm grwing.
六、完形填空
A disappinting perfrmance
Tm was sick with disappintment. The pian perfrmance was almst a success, hwever, he failed in his sl (独奏). He culdn’t understand ___1__ it culd has happened.
He had practiced fr weeks ___2__ seemed like mnths. He had given up sprts until after the perfrmance ___3__ he wanted t make his parents prud f him. He spent his time with the pian.
His teacher wnder___4__ he was quick t learn. It was true ___5__ he accepted music as anther language, anther way t talk t peple.
His grandparents, aunt, and uncle all came t hear him play, and he was anxius t shw them ___6__ he was the best in the whle class.
But, ___7__he std up t g t the pian, his knees felt weak. He lked int the audience, he saw his family___8___ were smiling back at him. At that time, he felt nervus. His fingers began t tremble (颤抖), shaking ___9__ he had caught a bad cld.
He sat dwn at the pian. He tk a deep breath. He played the first part f his music, then realized with fear___10__ he had frgtten the rest. He stared ver, thinking that wuld help. It didn’t. His bright musical life seemed t end.
1.A. why B. hw C.what D. while
2. A. that B which C. when D. where
3. A.s B because C. as D. as thugh
4. A.which B. why C. wh D. whm
5. A. that B. after C. befre D.when
6. A. that B.hwever C. as D.since
B. when C.while D.whenever
8.A. whm B. whse C.that D. wh
9.A. as thrugh B. thugh C. hwever D. even if
10. A. that B.when C.where D.which
【参考答案】
练习
1-3 DDC 4-7 BACD 8-11 DADB
一、1－5 CAADB 6－10 ADDCB 11－15 CCAAA 16－20 ADBDB
二、1. What a 2. didn’t he 3. Neither d I 4.r 5. N, I dn’t 6. Where 7. can he 8. S will I 9. but 10. while
三、1. Hw 2.that 3.whether 4.wherever 5.because 6.s that 7.s… that 8.even if 9.thugh 10.If 11.wh 12.when 13.that 14.wh 15.which
四、1.that 2.wh 3. althugh 4.when 5.what 6.because 7.when 8.which 9. whether 10. where 11. that 12. where 13. when 14. where 15. that
五、1.if 2.where 3.wh 4.when 5.that 6.as 7.even if 8.when 9.if 10.that
六、1—5BABBA 6—10ABDAA
关系词
所修饰的先行词
在从句中所作的成分
关系代词
wh
人
主语、宾语、表语
whm
人
宾语
which
物
主语、宾语、表语
that
人、物
主语、宾语、表语
whse
人、物
定语
because which althugh whether where that when wh what
where； when； as； even if； if wh that when