Unit 2 Great People （A卷•夯实基础）（解析版）初中英语牛津译林版九年级下册单元测试卷

Unit2 Great People （A卷·夯实基础）

（时间：60分钟，满分：100分）

一、选择题（共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）

1. （2021•临邑县开学）Gilbert _______ electricity and Edison ________ the electric light bulb. （　　）

A. discovered； invented 

B. discovered； discovered 

C. invented； invented 

D. invented； discovered

【答案】A

【解析】考查同义词. "发现"应用discover，指发现早已存在的事物或东西；"发明"应用invent，指发明从未存在过的东西. 第一个空，结合语境"吉尔伯特___电". 可知，应该是"发现"，用discovered. 第二个空，结合语境"爱迪生__了电灯泡. ". 可知，应该是"发明"，用invented. 选A.

2. （2020春•和平区期中）Hurry up! The play ___________ for ten minutes. （　　）

A. has been on B. has begun 

C. had begun D. began

【答案】A

【解析】考查现在完成时态. 本句描述的是从过去一直持续到现在的动作，故用现在完成时态. begin是瞬间动词，不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用. be on上演. 现在完成时态用be的现在分词been.

3. （2020•兴化市模拟）The car was ______________and crashed on the road. （　　）

A. in control B. out of control 

C. under control D. with control

【答案】B

【解析】根据题意：这辆车失控了，撞在路上. 由 crashed on the road可知是失控了，结合选项，A. 控制 B. 失控  C. 处于控制之下  D. 随着控制，选项B符合题意，故选B

4. （2020•江苏模拟）Shall we go shopping now？Sorry，I can't. I ____ my shirts. （　　）

A. wash B. washes C. washed D. am washing

【答案】D

【解析】根据题意：我们现在去购物吗？对不起，我正在洗我的衬衣. 由sorry可推出我不能去，原因是我正在洗衣服，所以用现在进行时be+doing，故选D.

5. （2020•兴化市模拟）Excuse me，look at the sign over there，please. Could you stop smoking？Sorry，I ____ that. （　　）

A. didn't see B. don't see C. won't see D. can't see

【答案】A

【解析】根据Could you stop smoking？Sorry，I ____ that. 可知这里应该是说过去没有看到这个标志，所以时态用一般过去时. see是一个实意动词，否定形式加助动词did. 故选A.

6. （2020秋•麻城市期末）﹣﹣﹣Which would you like，tea or coffee？﹣﹣﹣Either _____ OK，but I prefer coffee_____ milk. （　　）

A. is，has B. are，with C. is，with D. are，has

【答案】C

【解析】考查系动词. 句意"﹣﹣你喜欢哪一种，茶还还是咖啡？﹣﹣任何一个都可以，但我喜欢加牛奶的咖啡. ". Either两者中的任何一个，做主语时，谓语动词用单数. 因此B，D不正确. 表示加牛奶的咖啡，伴随关系，用介词with. A不正确. 答案是C.

7. （2020春•杜尔伯特县期中）I believe that those mountains __________ with trees in a few years. （　　）

A. are covered B. will be covered 

C. are covering D. will cover

【答案】B

【解析】考查被动语态. 根据句意"我相信在几年内那些山将被树覆盖"，可知要用一般将来时的被动语态，一般将来时的被动语态的构成是will be+过去分词，故答案为：B.

8. （2020秋•房山区校级月考）As she___________the newspaper，Granny__________asleep. （　　）

A. read；was falling 

B. was reading；fell 

C. was reading；was falling 

D. read；fell

【答案】B

【解析】根据As she___________the newspaper，Granny__________asleep. 可知这里as引导的句子用进行时，而主句用一般时，这里的动作发生在过去，所以as引导的句子用过去进行时，主句用一般过去时，故选B.

9. （2020•曲靖）﹣Look at the clouds，so beautiful!

﹣Wow，so many different____，horses，sheep，flowers. （　　）

A. sizes B. shapes C. colors D. styles

【答案】B

【解析】size尺寸；shape形状；color颜色；style风格；根据答语horses，sheep，flowers可知这是说的云的形状各不相同，所以应用名词复数shapes.

10. （2020•兴安盟）﹣Your shoes are so old. Why don't you buy a new pair？

﹣Because I ______ all my money on an MP5. （　　）

A. spend B. have spent 

C. am spending D. was spending

【答案】B

【解析】 考查现在完成时态的用法：它表示过去发生或完成的事情对现在造成的影响和结果. 现在完成时的结构是have/has+动词的过去分词，根据Your shoes are so old. Why don't you buy a new pair？鞋现在是旧的却不买新的可知，我已经把钱花在了买MP5上了

二、完形填空（共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）

（2021秋•秭归县期末）Winter is cold and it can be（1）　   　for animals to find food during winter.They get through winter in many （2）　   　.

Would you like to go to a （3）　   　place for the winter？That's （4）　   　 migratory animals do.When the weather starts to （5）　   　cold，migratory animals like birds and butterflies fly to a warmer place，and then they come back in （6）　   　.

（7）　   　good way to get through winter is to sleep through （8）　   　.Many animals hide and sleep during the winter.Their body temperature drops and hearts beat more （9）　   　.This helps them to save their energy.They do not eat.They live off their fat.They （10）　   　when the weather gets warmer.We call this hibernation （冬眠）.Snakes，frogs and （11）　   　hibernate in winter.

Many animals stay active in winter and adapt to the cold weather.Some animals save food in summer and autumn and eat it in winter.This is what squirrels do.Other animals（12）　   　changes in their bodies or behavior.To keep warm，some animals grow（13）　   　 coats in winter.Some animals eat different kinds of food as the（14）　   　change.The red fox eats fruit and insects in the other three seasons，but eats small rodents in winter.Other animals change（15）　   　.The arctic fox is brown in summer.Its coat turns white in winter.

How do you live through the winter？Do you wear a thick coat？Do you stay inside？Or do you live in a warm place？

【答案】CBACA  DBABA  DCCCD

【解答】（1）C 考查形容词。easy容易的；different不同的；difficult困难的；interesting有趣的。根据winter is cold可知，动物很难在冬天找到食物，冬天很冷，动物在冬天很难找到食物。故选C。

（2）B 考查名词。plan计划；way方法；road道路；season季节。根据下文介绍可知，此处指的是方法，句意：他们在许多方法度过了冬天。故选B。

（3）A 考查形容词。warm暖和的；quiet安静的；good好的；cold寒冷的。根据When the weather starts to___cold，migratory animals like birds and butterflies fly to a warmer place，and then they come back in可知，此处指的是暖和的，句意：你想去一个温暖的地方过冬吗？故选A。

（4）C 考查疑问词。when何时；how如何；what什么；where哪儿；句意：这就是迁徙动物所做的。此处是what引导的表语从句，且在从句中作宾语，故选C。

（5）A 考查动词。get得到；stop停止；take拿走；make制造。get cold变冷，固定短语，句意：当天气开始变冷时，候鸟和蝴蝶等候鸟飞到一个温暖的地方，然后它们在春天回来。故选A。

（6）D 考查名词。winter冬天；autumn秋天；summer夏天；spring春天。根据常识可知，春天气温慢慢变得暖和了，句意：当天气开始变冷时，候鸟和蝴蝶等候鸟飞到一个温暖的地方，然后它们在春天回来。故选D。

（7）B 考查代词。other其它的；another另外的；the other其它的；others其它的。根据句意：度过冬天的另一个好方法是睡觉。故选B。

（8）A 考查代词。it它；them它们；her她；him他，句意：度过冬天的另一个好方法是睡觉。此处要用it指代winter，故选A。

（9）B 考查副词。easily容易地；slowly慢慢地；quickly迅速地；hard努力地。根据This helps them to save their energy.They do not eat.They live off their fat.可知，此处指的是心跳的更慢，句意：他们的体温下降，心跳得更慢。故选B。

（10）A 考查动词短语。wake up醒来；get up起床；turn up开大；put up张贴。根据Many animals hide and sleep during the winter可知，此处指的是醒来，句意：当天气变暖时，他们醒来。故选A。

（11）D 考查名词。A.ducks鸭子；B.sheep羊；C.dogs狗；D.bears熊。根据常识可知，熊在冬天冬眠，句意：蛇、青蛙和熊在冬天冬眠。故选D。

（12）C 考查动词。do做；plan计划；make制作；have有。make  changes做出改变，使发生变化，句意：其他动物的身体或行为发生变化。故选C。

（13）C 考查形容词。smaller更小的；thinner更瘦的；thicker更厚的；larger更大的。根据To keep warm可知，此处指的是更厚的，句意：为了保暖，一些动物在冬天长出更厚的外套。故选C。

（14）C 考查名词。days天；months月；seasons季（节）；years年。根据语境，随着季节的变化，有些动物吃不同种类的食物。句意：随着季节的变化，有些动物吃不同种类的食物。故选C。

（15）D 考查名词。coats外套；houses住宅；food 食物；colors颜色。根据The arctic fox is brown in summer.Its coat turns white in winter.可知，此处指的是颜色，句意：其他动物改变颜色。故选D。

三、阅读理解（共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）

A

well﹣known poem by Tang dynasty poet Du Mu tells of a scene in early April："Rains fall heavily as Qingming comes，and passersby with lowered spirits go. "

This scene takes place on Tomb Sweeping Day，also known as Qingming Festival. Tomb Sweeping Day is a traditional Chinese festival. Tomb Sweeping Day is a traditional Chinese festival. It began in the Zhou dynasty，over 2，500 years ago. Chinese people celebrate it to remember and honor their ancestors（祖先）. This year，it falls on April 4. Tomb Sweeping Day became a public holiday in the Chinese mainland in 2008. People have one day off for that day.

On this day，families bring flowers，food and wine to the grave sites（墓地） of their ancestors. They place cakes，fruits in front of the graves and some may bum joss paper，as money for the dead. After that，they sweep the tombs and cherish（怀念） the memories of their dead family members.

Tomb Sweeping Day gives us a chance to show respect to our ancestors and family members who have passed away and show that we miss them. This tradition shows that family values are an important part of Chinese culture.

Tomb Sweeping Day is also the beginning of the time for gardening and outdoor activities in China. Families often get together for outings or to fly kites at this time.

（1）The Chinese meaning of the underlined word"passersby"is  　   　.

A. 故人

B. 陌生人

C. 行人

D. 古代人

（2） Tomb Sweeping Day is celebrated for people to  　   　.

A. go out to fly kites

B. have a public holiday

C. remember and honor their ancestors

D. get together with their families

（3）What can people take to the grave sites according to the passage？ 　   　

A. Flowers，food，wine and joss paper.

B. Flowers，food，fruits and umbrellas.

C. Food，fruits. joss paper and kites.

D. Flowers，wine and pets.

（4）Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage？ 　   　

A. We have one day off for Tomb Sweeping Day.

B. People in the world celebrate Tomb Sweeping Day.

C. Tomb Sweeping Day began in the Zhou dynasty.

D. Family values play an important role in Chinese culture.

（5） What does the passage mainly discuss？ 　   　

A. People bring many things to the grave site.

B. Du Mu wrote a poem about Qingming Festival.

C. Qingming Festival is a good time for outdoor activities.

D. Tome Sweeping Day is a traditional Chinese festival.

【答案】CCABD

【解析】1. C. 细节理解题. 根据杜牧的诗句Rains fall heavily as Qingming comes，and passersby with lowered spirits go. 清明时节雨纷纷、路上行人欲断魂可知passersby值得是行人，所以该选C.

2. C. 细节理解题. 根据第二段中Tomb Sweeping Day is a traditional Chinese festival. It began in the Zhou dynasty，over 2，500 years ago. Chinese people celebrate it to remember and honor their ancestors（祖先）. 可知中国人庆祝清明节来记住和尊敬他们的祖先. 所以该选C.

3. A. 细节理解题. 根据第三段中On this day. families bring flowers，food and wine to the grave sites（墓地） of their ancestors. They place cakes，fruits in front of the grave and some may bum joss paper，as money for the dead. 可知在这一天人们带着鲜花、食品、酒和纸钱到墓地纪念他们的祖先. 所以该选A.

4. B. 细节理解题. 根据第二段中Tomb Sweeping Day is a traditional Chinese festival. 可知清明节是一个传统的中国节日，不是全世界的人都会过的节日. 所以该选B.

5. D. 细节理解题. Tomb Sweeping Day is a traditional Chinese festival. 该文主要介绍了中国的传统节日清明节，所以该选D.

B（2021秋•营口期末）

Many people attend physical exercise every day.For the first time in recent 10 years，the United States government has changed its guidance（指导）on how much exercise people need to stay healthy and when they should start.

The new guidance says that children as young as 3 years old need to exercise.Earlier guidance used to begin at the age of 6.Dr.Girior says that the most important time for children to begin exercising is between 3 and 5.He notes that boys and girls in this age group need at least three hours of activities every day.

Doctors say it is important to begin at a young age.They add that from the birth to the age of 5，a child's brain develops more than at any other time in life.These developments have a lasting effect on a child's ability to learn and to succeed in study and in life.As for children between 6 and 17，at least one hour a day.

For adults，the suggested time for exercise remains the same 150 minutes per week.However，those people who are over the age of 65 should include activities that help their balance.Better balance means fewer falls and less chances of injury.

Many people are excited and satisfied with this guidance.But some find that it has changed nothing about the dangers of sitting too much.Because there are still lots of people who sit too much every day.It is harmful and can even undo （破坏） the benefits of exercise you may have gotten.Because of that，let's sit less and start young.

（1）What is the difference of the new guidance from the old？ 　   　

A.The time people should spend on their study.

B.The subject people should take.

C.The age of children should begin to exercise.

D.The activities people should do.

（2）Children between 3 and 5 should exercise for at least  　   　hours a week.

A.three

B.seven

C.fifteen

D.twenty﹣one

（3）Why doctors believe children should attend physical activities at an early age？ 　   　

A.Because they have more free time to play.

B.Because they can learn things very fast.

C.Because their parents expect them to attend them.

D.Because they are helpful for their study and life in the future.

（4）If people over 65 take exercise as the time suggested including activities that help their balance，they will  　   　.

A.reduce the risk of falls and injure

B.have a good sleep at night

C.never fall and injure while exercising

D.fall and injure easily than before

（5）Some people who  　   　 may not be satisfied with the new guidance.

A.don't want to take exercise

B.works in the office

C.don't work anymore

D.believe taking too exercise is harmful

【答案】CDDAB

【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据第二段The new guidance says that children as young as 3 years old need to exercise.Earlier guidance used to begin at the age of 6.新的指导意见称，3岁的儿童就需要锻炼。早期的指导称从6岁开始，可知新旧指导的差异在于儿童几岁开始锻炼。故选C。

（2）D.细节推理题。根据第二段Dr.Girior says that the most important time for children to begin exercising is between 3 and 5.He notes that boys and girls in this age group need at least three hours of activities every day.Girior博士说，儿童开始锻炼的最重要时间是3到5岁之间。他指出，这个年龄段的男孩和女孩每天至少需要3个小时的活动。据此推断三到五岁的孩子每个星期应该锻炼至少21个小时。故选D。

（3）D.细节理解题。根据第三段Doctors say it is important to begin at a young age.They add that from the birth to the age of 5，a child's brain develops more than at any other time in life.These developments have a lasting effect on a child's ability to learn and to succeed in study and in life.医生说，小时候开始锻炼很重要。他们补充说，从出生到5岁，孩子的大脑比一生中任何时候都发育得多。这些发展对孩子的学习能力以及在学习和生活中取得成功有着持久的影响，可知儿童应该从小锻炼的原因是对未来的学习和生活有影响。故选D。

（4）A.细节推理题。根据第四段However，those people who are over the age of 65 should include activities that help their balance.Better balance means fewer falls and less chances of injury.然而，那些65岁以上的人应该参加有助于平衡的活动。更好的平衡意味着更少的摔倒和受伤的机会。据此推断参加应该参加有助于平衡的活动的65岁以上的老人将会减少摔倒和受伤的机会。故选A。

（5）B.推理判断题。根据最后一段But some find that it has changed nothing about the dangers of sitting too much.Because there are still lots of people who sit too much every day.但一些人发现，这并没有改变久坐的危害。因为仍然有很多人每天坐得太久，据此推断在办公室上班的人可能对这个新的指导不满意。故选B。

四、翻译句子（共10小题，每小题3分，共30分）

1. （2021•江苏二模）你认为史上最伟大的人是谁？

________________________________________.

【答案】Who do you think is the greatest person in history？

【解析】这里是一个特殊疑问句，说的是客观事实用一般疑问句，疑问词是who，最伟大的人用最高级the greatest person 是单数故选择is，加上范围in history，故Who  is the greatest person in history？加上插入语do you think表示你认为，故答案是Who do you think is the greatest person in history？

2. 这是一个美国公民可得到的最高奖项.

________________________________________.

【答案】This is the highest award that an American citizen can receive.

【解析】考查汉译英. 根据汉语句子，可知句子是一般现在时，This is the highest award 这是一个最高的奖项，后接that引导的定语从句，an American citizen 一个美国公民，情态动词can后接动词原形 receive得到. 故答案为This is the highest award that an American citizen can receive.

3. 因为他的出色表现，尼尔. 阿姆斯特朗被授予自由勋章.

________________________________________.

【答案】Because of his excellent performance. Neil Armstrong was awarded the medal of freedom.

【解析】考查汉译英. 根据汉语句子，可知Because of因为，是复合介词，其后接名词短语. his excellent performance他的出色表现. 时态为一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was\were+done. 主语是Neil Armstrong单数，所以用 was awarded，the medal of freedom自由勋章. 故答案为Because of his excellent performance. Neil Armstrong was awarded the medal of freedom.

4. 西蒙回到家后，打开电脑查看他的电子邮件.

________________________________________.

【答案】When Simon got home，he turned on his computer and checked his email.

【解析】此句是含有时间状语从句的主从复合句，用when来引导时间状语从句，回到家get home，打开turn on，查看check，根据句意"西蒙回到家后，打开电脑查看他的电子邮件"可知，主句和从句都用一般过去时，故答案为：When Simon got home，he turned on his computer and checked his email.

5. 对一个人说，这是一小步；对于整个人类来说，是一次巨大的飞跃.

________________________________________.

【答案】This is one small step for man，but one giant leap for mankind.

【解析】表示客观事实，用一般现在时态，由but但是，连接的并列句. 第一个句子，"对一个人说"for a  man. 介词for对…而言. "这是一小步"This is one small step. 第二个句子，"对于整个人类来说"for mankind. mankind人类，专有名词. "是一次巨大的飞跃"one giant leap。

6. 1953年袁隆平大学毕业后在农学院当老师.

________________________________________.

【答案】Yuan Longping worked as a teacher in an agriculture school after graduating from college in 1953.

【解析】根据汉语句意"1953年袁隆平大学毕业后在农学院当老师. "根据句中"in 1953"，可知用一般过去时. work as 意为"作为…工作"，graduate from意为"从…毕业"，after是介词，其后动词要用动名词形式。

7. 他是全世界的骄傲.

________________________________________.

【答案】He is the pride of the whole world.

【解析】考查汉译英. 句意：他是全世界的骄傲. 根据汉语句子，可知句子是一般现在时，主语是He，第三人称单数，所以用 is，be the pride of 是…的骄傲，the whole world全世界. 故答案为He is the pride of the whole world.

8. 他们采集了月球岩石带回地球作进一步研究.

________________________________________.

【答案】They collected Moon rocks to take back to the Earth for further research.

【解析】考查汉译英. 句意：他们采集了月球岩石带回地球作进一步研究. 根据汉语句子，可知句子是一般过去时，主语是They他们，collected  Moon rocks采集了月球岩石，不定式表目的to  take back to the Earth 带回地球，for further research作进一步研究. 故答案为They collected Moon rocks to take back to the Earth for further research.

9. 我们当中没有人听说过那位歌手.

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【答案】None of us have/has heard of that singer.

【解析】我们中没有人none of us，听说hear of，根据句意"我们当中没有人听说过那位歌手"可知，要用现在完成时，现在完成时的结构是have/has+过去分词，故答案为：None of us have/has heard of that singer.

10. 昨天上午从9点到11点我们在开会.

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【答案】We were having a meeting from 9 to 11 yesterday morning.

【解析】昨天上午从9点到11点我们在开会. 根据汉语句子，可知句子是过去进行时，were\was+动词的现在分词. 主语是We我们，复数，所以用 were having，have a meeting 开会，from 9 to 11 yesterday morning昨天上午从9点到11点. 故答案为We were having a meeting from 9 to 11 yesterday morning.