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高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 1 Science Fiction教课内容课件ppt
展开了解被动语态结构;能够正确理解并运用被动语态;不能用被动语态的几种情况;主动形式表被动意义的情况。
Learning bjectives
I.Scan the reading text and underline all the verbs in the passive vice. Then discuss with a partner why the passive vice is used.
1. It was ging t be tested ut by Lrry's wife, Claire.2. ... , but Larry persuaded her that the rbt wuldn't harm her r allw her t be harmed.3. Nw she was being lked after by a rbt that lked s human, and it was disturbing.4. Claire thught it was ridiculus that she was being ffered sympathy by a rbt, As he was nt allwed t accmpany her t the shps, The saleswman there was rude t her, s she rang Tny and tld him she was being treated badly.7. Hw awful t be discvered by her, Claire thught. 8. Tny expected that the huse, which was being cmpletely transfrmed, wuld be ready.
Gruping:1.2.7 5
1. It was ging t be tested ut by Lrry's wife, Claire.2. ... , but Larry persuaded her that the rbt wuldn't harm her r allw her t be harmed.7. Hw awful t be discvered by her, Claire thught.
不定式的被动 t be dne
5. As he was nt allwed t accmpany her t the shps, ...
过去时的被动 was\were dne
3. Nw she was being lked after by a rbt that lked s human, and it was disturbing.4. Claire thught it was ridiculus that she was being ffered sympathy by a rbt, The saleswman there was rude t her, s she rang Tny and tld him she was being treated badly.8. Tny expected that the huse, which was being cmpletely transfrmed, wuld be ready.
过去进行时的被动 was\were being dne
Yu are invited t make a speech in ur schl.A new bike was bught fr me by my parents as a gift last week.It is said that the meeting will be held at 8:00 am tmrrw.He was being punished fr being late by the head teacher.The life f the milu deer is being studied by specialists at present.The bk has been translated int thirty languages since it came n the market in 1973.They had been warned many times befre they carried ut the plan.The wrk will have been finished by the end f next mnth.
现在时的被动is\am\are dne
过去时的被动was\were dne
将来时的被动will be dne
过去完成时的被动had been dne
将来完成时的被动will have been dne
现在完成时的被动has\have been dne
现在进行时的被动is\am\are being dne
过去进行时的被动was\were being dne
一、被动语态的基本时态变化(be dne, be有各种时态变化)
(1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为:情态动词+be+过去分词。The baby shuld be taken gd care f by the babysitter.
被动语态的特殊结构形式:
(4)在使役动词have,make,get以及感官动词see,watch,ntice,hear,feel,bserve等后面不定式作宾语补足语时,在主动结构中不定式t要省略,但变为被动结构时,要加 t。
Smene saw a stranger walk int the building. →A stranger was seen t walk int the building.
(5)有些相当于及物动词的动词词组,如“动词+介词”,“动词+副词”等,也可以用于被动结构,但要把它们看作一个整体,不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。The meeting is t be put ff till Friday.Nw she was being lked after by a rbt that lked s human, and it was disturbing.
【学以致用1】 单句语法填空①On the last day f ur weeklng stay,we ____________ (invite)by them t attend a private cncert n a beautiful farm n the Nrth Shre under the stars.②They are trying t make sure that 5G terminals will _____________________ (install) by 2023 fr the event.③Nwadays,cycling,alng with jgging and swimming,____________ (regard) as ne f the best allrund frms f exercise.④ I dn't think aliens can ____________ (find) in space.
were invited
have been installed
is regarded
二、不能用被动语态的几种情况(1)所有的不及物动词或不及物动词词组不能用于被动语态:appear, disappear, break ut, cme true, run ut, date back, happen, g n, take place, belng t。(2)表示状态的谓语动词,如:last;hld;benefit;cntain;equal;fit等。(3)表示归属的动词,如have;wn;belng t等。(4)表示“希望、意图”的动词,如:wish;want;hpe;like;lve等。
【学以致用2】 单句语法填空①Bth ur cuntries _________________________.我们两国都属于第三世界。②The wind is changing rund, s the strm ____________.风正在转向,因此暴风雨不会持续太长的时间。
belng t the Third Wrld
wn't last lng
三、主动形式表被动意义的情况(1)英语中有很多动词如 break;catch;clean;drive;lck;pen;sell;read;write;wash;measure; wear; mve;ck;shut等,当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征属性时,常用其主动形式表达被动意义,主语通常是物。This kind f clth washes well.The dr wn't shut.注意:主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征,而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。试比较:The dr wn't lck.(指门本身有毛病)The dr wn't be lcked.(指不会有人来锁门,指“门没有锁”是人的原因)
(2)表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词与短语,如:happen;last;take place;break ut;cme ut;cme abut;cme true;run ut;give ut;turn ut等以主动形式表示被动意义。例:Hw d the newspapers cme ut?(3)系动词没有被动形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel;sund;taste; lk; smell; remain等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。例:Yur reasn sunds reasnable.
(4)在“be + 形容词+ 不定式”结构中,不定式表示的动作与句子主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系时,用主动形式表示被动意义。常见形容词有:cheap, easy, cmfrtable, difficult, hard, light, heavy, expensive, pleasant, interesting, fit 等。 The questin is difficult t answer. (the questin与answer之间主动关系)Vlleyball is very interesting t watch.(vlleyball与watch之间主动关系)
(5)当want, need, require 表示“需要”时,其宾语可用动词-ing 形式的主动形式表示被动意义。 eg The carpet really wants cleaning (= t be cleaned). Mst huse plants require watering (= t be watered).
(6)形容词wrth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义,但不能跟动词不定式;而wrthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。The picturebk is well wrth reading.=The picturebk is very wrthy t be read.
【学以致用3】 单句语法填空①As time went n, Einstein's thery ____________ (prve) crrect.②It is said that pandas _______________ (disappear) in ur cuntry year after year.③Great changes ____________ (take) place in my hme twn and a lt f factries ____________ (set) up in the past decade.④I like the material because it ____________ (feel) sft.
are disappearing
have been set
Ⅰ.用所给单词的适当形式填空1.Different types f teas ____________ (taste) by skilled teatasters befre appearing in the Tea Trade Centre.2.Tday, the frests have almst gne. Peple must ____________ (stp) frm cutting dwn t many trees.3.Chinese kites in ancient times ____________ (design) in the shape f birds.4.This is ne f the highest buildings that __________________ (build) in ur city recently.
were tasted
were designed
have been built
5.It's great that all the visitrs wh ___________________(trap) n the island were saved.6.They haven't mved int the new huse because it ______________ (decrate) nw.7.I want t buy that kind f clth because I have been tld the clth ____________(wash) well.8.The first textbks written fr teaching English as a freign language ____________ (cme) ut in the 18th century.9.Please wear yur best clthes n Mnday, as yur class phts ____________ (take) then.10. English ____________ (change) and develped when cultures met and cmmunicated with each ther ver the past centuries.
had been trapped
is being decrated
will be taken
has changed
Ⅱ.单句写作1.He ____________ in the stry when he ____________ by a lud nise.他正沉浸在故事中,这时被一阵巨响吓到了。2.The cat ____________ cttn.这件外衣是棉制的。3.The wrkers ___________________________ 12 hurs a day.工人们被迫一天工作12小时。
was absrbed
was frightened
were/are made t wrk
4.Our hmewrk ___________________________ n time.作业应该准时上交。5.The girl ____________t the railway statin, nly t find the guests ______________________.女孩匆忙赶到火车站,却发现客人已经被接走了。
shuld be handed in
had been picked up
Ⅲ.语法填空The nvel crnavirus disease (COVID19) hit Wuhan,China,in early 2020,with the number f infected peple 1. ____________ (rise) rapidly acrss the cuntry.The viral disease that swept int mst cuntries arund 2. ____________ glbe and killed thusands f peple was fficially characterized as a pandemic by the Wrld Health Organisatin,n 11 March,2020.
COVID19,3. ____________ was reprted,is genetically similar 4. ____________ the knwn bat crnaviruses.Wild animals sld fr fd were 5. ____________ (riginal) suspected t be the intermediary hsts f COVID19 because many f the individuals 6. ____________ (find) infected by the virus were wrkers at Huanan Seafd Market.The utbreak prmted a ban n the trade and 7. ____________ (cnsume) f wild animals in China.
The Chinese gvernment and peple demnstrated their respnsibility with 8. ____________ (practice) actins.A strict natinal preventin and cntrl prgram was swiftly put in place.Tw specialized hspitals were built in less than 15 days.9. ____________ (guarantee) that n family in need was left unattended t,cmmunity wrkers left n stne unturned in checking n every blck.In thse tughest days,dnatins in cash and kind 10. ____________ (make) t help battle the disease.Thanks t the jint effrts,everything is getting better and better.【语篇解读】 本文介绍了新冠肺炎的暴发,分析了可能的原因并且介绍了中国政府为阻止病毒的蔓延所采取的措施。
1.rising 考查非谓语动词。根据空前的with,可知此处使用with的复合结构:with+宾语+宾语补足语。the number f infected peple和rise是主谓关系,应用现在分词。故填rising。2.the 考查冠词。arund the glbe意为“全球”。故填the。3.as 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句,as was reprted意为“正如媒体报道”。故填as。4.t 考查固定搭配。be similar t为固定搭配,意为“和……相似”。故填t。5.riginally 考查副词。修饰动词suspected,应用副词。故填riginally。
6.fund 考查非谓语动词。空处作后置定语修饰individuals,且和individuals为动宾关系,应用过去分词。故填fund。7.cnsumptin 考查名词。空处和trade并列,作n的宾语,故填名词,且cnsumptin为不可数名词。故填cnsumptin。8.practical 考查词性转换。修饰名词actins,应用形容词。故填practical。9.T guarantee 考查非谓语动词。空处表示目的,应用不定式作目的状语。故填T guarantee。10.were made 考查时态和语态。本文主要使用一般过去时,且主语dnatins和make是动宾关系。故填were made。
2.Cmplete the sentences with apprpriate frms f the verbs in brackets. Then try t translate these sentences int Chinese.
1.What is dne cannt ________. (und)2.Janet ________chairwman f the student unin last mnth, (elect)3.Tw hundred grammes f flur shuld ________t the cake mix. (add)4.A 3,000-seat venue ____________________fr the circus perfrmance in Nvember, (build)5.Wrking efficiency__________________since this new sftware was adpted. (imprve)
was elected
was built /will be built
has been imprved
Textbk Page5
6.Only ne piece f carry-n luggage___________fr each ecnmy class passenger, (allw)7.It is a great hnur fr me t ____________t address this internatinal Al cnference, (invite)8.When I entered the rm, I fund that the salesman's salary____________at the meeting, (discuss)9.With exams being adapted int Braille, a blind senir high schl student scred 630 pints ut f 650 in the Cllege Entrance Examinatin, He is expected t _____________t a tp university.(admit)
was being discussed
be admitted
3.Read the intrductin t a science fictin nvel and cmplete the passage using the crrect frms f the wrds in the bx.
Science fictin ____________by many peple as a mirrr thrugh which ur future can be freely imagined and ____________. The Three-Bdy Prblem, ____________by Chinese writer Liu Cixin, is ne f thse astnishing predictins abut the future. The wrk was first published in a Chinese sci-fi magazine in 2006 and printed as a three-vlume bk in 2008. When the first vlume _______________int English by Chinese-American authr Ken Liu, it attracted attentin arund the wrld, becming the first Asian winner f the Hug Award fr Best Nvel. The bk ____________many themes such as space explratin, alien cntact, Al, and the future f humans.
was translated
The Three-Bdy Prblem begins with the stries f tw unrelated peple, Ye Wenjie and Wang Mia. Ye ____________t jin a secret prject in a remte area f China, which _______________t cntact alien life frms. In the ther stry, set 20 years later, Wang Mia ____________in a ppular nline game called "Three Bdy", in which peple live n an unknwn planet with three suns. But Wang discvers it is mre than a game—it uncvers a great danger threatening human existence. Hw are these tw peple's stries ____________? And hw will their behaviur change Earth's future and the civilisatins f ther planets? Answers t all these questins are waiting t ______________when yu g n reading.
is recuited
has been set up
gets caught up
be discvered
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