牛津上海版 (五四制)八年级上册（新版）Module 2 Amazing thingsUnit 4 Numbers教案

这是一份牛津上海版 (五四制)八年级上册（新版）Module 2 Amazing thingsUnit 4 Numbers教案，共11页。

章节分析（Reading sectin ）
综述
本单元的阅读部份是关于数字的几篇短文。对学生来说， 有些内容是熟悉的， 有些则是新鲜的。教师应充分利用学生的已有知识和兴趣来引导学生进行阅读。对于基数词和序数词，因为学生在小学和中预时已经学过,比较熟悉， 教师应通过对数字运算及数字游戏来加深同学对数词的印象，进而引入对加、减等较陌生数学符号的教学，由浅入深。本篇阅读中还出现了一些核心词汇如： amazing, be made up f 等，也是本篇的教学重点。
本课的任务有两个：
学生通过对课文的学习。掌握一些核心词汇，例如，amazing, be made up f等。
通过学习课文，了解数， 能用英语讲述基本的数学运算。
（二）阅读目标
知识目标
学习课文中重点词、词组、句型和语法。
能力目标
通过阅读进一步了解数字， 同时能掌握基数词，和序数词的用法。
情感目标
通过对数字、符号等学习，唤起同学对数学这门学科的浓厚兴趣。
（三）教学方法
采用任务型教学法组织教学，通过听说，讨论等具体活动，达到教学效果。
（四）重点和难点
词汇学习
核心词汇：
accurate, amazing，angle, at least, be made up f，brain, calculate, calculatr, cnsist f, develp, divide, electrnic, especially, even, figure, fllwing, human, invent, inventin, dd, pwerful, prgram, time, cpy, decisin, fellw, nt at all
拓展词汇：
abacus , bead, calculatin, cmpasses, decimal, fractin, lifetime, living, measure, multiply, percentage, prtractr, represent, square rt, subtract, annuncement, gift, wrngly, graph

1) 句型学习
Abacuses are s fast and accurate that peple still use them tday.
Shakuntala’s brain tk fifty secnds t find the answer
教学设计（Teaching Designs）
链接1
链接2
链接3
链接4
链接5
链接6
链接7
教学内容
教学实施建议
教学资源参考
Pre-reading
1）复习以前学过的数词，通过游戏使学生对数词有一个熟悉的过程
2）通过brainstrm 和图片来引进一些加，减,等较难的单词，通过这些符号的学习加深对数词的学习，从而达到对本课的理解。 同时和平时的数学课联系向学生介绍
具体处理这部分内容的建议
《牛津英语教学参考》
While-reading
这是本课的重点部分.要求老师与学生一起走进数字世界.同时初步了解整篇课文的布局
①讲解课文：
A. 通过图片引入单词B．接下来的环节是Further understanding f the text。 学生在这一环节里，可以用新的单词和句型来讲述文中的数字的形成、计算机和电脑。这个设计安排既可以回顾课文的主要内容，还可以看出学生的理解是否准确，很多精彩的智慧火花会在这一刻出现。C讨论文章四段大
D. 重点词汇及句式讲解E．Cnslidatin and cnclusin 指导学生完成课文后的P50 Ex C1、C2,C3.
Pst-reading
同时推荐学生阅读补充材料：
说明：对于Pre-reading 的PPT处理
说明：通过图片介绍数学符号和数学用具
说明：通过图片引入古代数字， 算盘， 计算机和电脑
说明：课文讲解及重点句型的介绍。
课文提问及重点句型的介绍
1. Accrding t the text ask the questin:
In what way, did peple all cunt in the same way?
what did peple write in many different ways?
Wh invented the zer?
Why was the zer a very imprtant inventin?
Which is ne f the first calculating machines?
Hw d peple describe the abacuses?
Why d say cmputers are very pwerful?
Is a human brain mre pwerful than a cmputer? Why ?
2. Change the fllwing sentences
This maths prblem is t difficult t wrk ut.
The camera is t expensive fr her t buy.
Tny is ld enugh t g t schl.
The hle is t small fr the dg t g int.
These vegetables are fresh enugh fr us t like t eat.
the schls is t far away fr wei wei t g n ft.
The music is t sft fr him t hear.
the bird is t high fr us t see.
3. Rewrite sentences
1. I spent tw days ding this jb.
2. Tmmy paid 25 yuan fr this shirt.
3. Sandy spent 135 dllar n this bicycle.
4 The students f class Fur spent tw hurs finishing their hmewrk.
5. Fangfang paid 100yuan fr all f the bks.
1.

课文提文及重点句型
课文讲解
1 at least 意为“至少”，“无论如何；不管怎样”。如：
He has waited fr yu at least 30 minutes.他等了你至少30分钟
Yu might at least answer 你不管怎样该给个答复。
At least 的反义词是at mst（至多；最多）
Language是名词，意为“语言”。 language 的搭配是speak a language。如：
Peple in different cuntries speak different languages。不同国家的人说不同的语言。
Language的常用搭配还有：
An fficial language 官方语言 spken/ral language口语
The Chinese language 汉语 written language 书面语言
2 In ancient times, peple wrte numbers in many different ways, as these pictures f the number 6 shw.古时候，人们以不同的方式书写数字，正如那些表示数字6的图片所示。
Ancient 是形容词，意为“古代的”，“很久以前的”。又如：
The ancient Chinese wre different clthes frm the mdern Chinese.
中国古人与现代人穿的衣服完全不同。
Ancient 的反义词是mdern （a 现代的；现代化的）
times 与time 不同，前者表示“某个时代”，而后者表示“时间”。如：
In Shakespeare’s times, nt many peple culd read.
在莎士比亚时代，没有多少人认识字。
Times 的近义词是age （n 时代）
In ancient times 是“在古代”，“很久以前”的意思。我们也可以用lng g, lng, 或 nce upn a time来表示“从前”或“很久以前”之意。
本例中，as 是个介词，意为“正如”，“像……一样”。又如：
She wrks in the same building as my sister 她和我妹妹在同一大楼上班。
3． Hwever, they nearly all cunted in the same way—in tens.
然而，它们的计数方式都是一致的—十进制。
Nearly是个副词，表示“大约”，“接近”，“差不多”的意思。又如：
I’m nearly 16.it’s my birthday next week.我就快16岁了，下个礼拜是我生日。
Almst 与nearly 意思相近，当与动词、副词、形容词及名词连用时，可互换，如：
It’s nearly lunchtime =it’s almst lunchtime。 快到午饭时间了。
但Almst 可以和n 、nne 、never 、nthing 等不定代词连用，而nearly 则不可；nearly 常用在含有nt 的否定句中，而almst 则不可与nt 单独连用。如：
There’s almst n water left in the bttle.瓶子里水快没了。
It is nt nearly s pretty as it was befre 这远不及以前漂亮了。
4．The system f numbers that nearly everyne uses tday cnsists f the numbers frm 1 t 9 and 0(zer).今天几乎所有人使用的数字系统都包含从1到9和0这十个数字。
Cnsist f 是“包括”，“由……组成”的意思。cnsist 没有被动舆台，因此不可以说成is cnsisted f。如：
The class cnsists f 22bys and 18 girls.
这个班级是由22个男生和18个女生组成的。
Cnsist f 与be made up f意思相近。因此，上句也可改写为：
The class is made up f 22bys and 18 girls.
这个班级是由22个男生和18个女生组成的。
5．The Indians first invented and develped the 1 t 9 system f numbers.
印度人最早发明并建立了从1到9的数字系统。
动词Invent 是“发明”，“创造”之意。如：
Wh invented the bicycle? 谁发明了自行车？
与之相关的派生词有：
inventr n.发明者；发明家
Thmas Edisn was a great inventr in the American histry.
托马斯`爱迪生是美国历史上一位伟大的发明家。
Inventin n.发明，发明物
Inventin作“发明”解时，是不可数名词。如：
The inventin f telephnes and telegrams made the wrld different.
电话与电报的发明使世界不同以往。
Inventin 作“发明物”的解时，是可数名词。如：
His 6000 inventins included the electric light, the phngraph, and the mimegraph machine.
他作出了6000项发明，包括电灯泡、留声机和油印机。
动词Develp 为“发展”，“开发”之意，如：
Sme children develp mre slwly than thers.有的儿童比其他儿童发育得慢。
Develp的派生词有：
Develpment n。发展：
The develpment f mdern science and technlgy makes peple lead amre enjyable life.
现代科技的发展使人们享受更幸福的生活。
Develped a.发达的
The USA is a develped cuntry。美国是发达国家
Develping a.发展中的
The PRC is a develping cuntry.中国是发展中国家
动词Calculate是“计算”之意。如：
Can yu calculate hw much the hliday will cst?
你能否计算一下度个假要花多少钱？
Calculatr n.计算器
Calculatin n 计算；计算题
解释为“计算”时，Calculatin为不可数名词。如：
Perhaps yu have made a mistake in yur calculatin.
你方可能计算有误。
解释为“计算题”时，Calculatin为可数名词，如：
All these calculatins are based n the data yu have prvide.
所有计算结果都是根据你们提供的数据做出的。
Calculating a.计算的；与计算有关的
Calculating machine 计算机calculating businessman精明的商人
Accurate是形容词，意为“准确的，精确的”
Accurate的派生词有：
Accurately ad.正确地，精确地 Accuracy n.精确性，正确度
S …that…是“如此……以至于……”的意思，它所引导的是结果状语从句。如：
The desk is s heave that I can’t carry it课桌太重了，我搬不动他。
动词represent是“代表”的意思，又如：
we chse a cmmittee t represent us 我们选出一个委员来代表我们。
Representative是represent的名词形式，是“代表，代理（人）”的意思。
In a flash 是“在一瞬间”的意思，相当于very quickly。
Whle 在本例中是个形容词，意为“整个的”，“全部的”。又如：
She ate the whle cake 她把整个蛋糕都吃了
Whle还可以作名词用，意为“整体”。“全体”常见的搭配有：
As a whle 整体来看
She dislike the acting but enjyed the play as a whle
她不喜欢这部戏的表演，但整体上她还是喜欢这部戏的。
On the whle 总的来说
The weather this mnth has been gd n the whle 这个月天气基本是好的
介词against在本文中是“对着；对立”的意思。又如：
they played against a ftball team frm anther village
他们跟另一个村的足球队比赛
此外，against还可以用来表达如下含义：
不喜欢；反对
many peple are against the plan 很多人都反对这个计划
此时它的反义词为fr，即表示赞成。
防止；预防
have yu had an injectin against the disease ?你注射过这种疾病的预防针了吗？
靠着；倚着
put the cupbard against the wall 把这个橱柜放在靠墙的地方。
Sme peple call the brain a living cmputer 有人把人脑称为“活电脑”
Living一词为形容词，解释为“活着的”“健在的”，又如：
Sme peple say he is the greatest living writer.有人说他是健在的最伟大的作家。
alive，live和living这三个词有时会被混淆。以下简述一下它们的区别：
通常情况下，alive作表语（be alive），而living一般放在名词前作定语用。如：
that great man is still alive 那个伟人依然活着
all living things一切生物
live也是“有生命的，活着的”的意思，但往往指
说明：本课核心词汇、拓展词汇、重点词组、句式列表
本课核心词汇、拓展词汇、重点词组、句式列表
1,*abacus (n)算盘
2,*accurate: (adj.)正确无误的：准确的：精确的
( adv.) accurately
3,amazing: ( adj.)另人惊奇的
(v.) amaze. ( n.)amazement
4,at least至少
5, *angle角：角度
6,be made up f: cnsist f由…组成
7,*bead珠子
8,*brain(n).大脑
9,*calculate（V）计算
10,*calculatin（N）计算
11,calculatr（N）计算器
12,*cmpasses（N）圆规
13,cnsist f 包括；由…组成
14,*decimal （a）以10做基础的；十进位的；小数的
15,develp （v）（使某事物）发展；发育；成长；发达
16,divide: (V.) （v）除
17,*electrnic: (adj.) 电子的
18,especially （ad）特别；尤其；主要
19,*even （a）偶数的；能被2除尽的
20,figure （n）数字
21,fllwing (adj)下列的， 接着的
22,*fractin （n）分数
23,human （n）人
24,invent: （v）发明；创造
25,inventin （n）发明；发明物
26*lifetime （n）一生；终生
27,*living （a）活着的
28,*measure （v）量；测量；计量
29,*multiply （v）乘
30,*dd （a）奇数的；不能被2除尽的
31,*percentage（n）百分数；百分率；百分比
32,pwerful: (adj.)强大的；强有力的；有力量的
33,prgram: (n.) （v）编程；用程序指示计算机工作
34,*prtractr （n）量角器；分度规
35,*represent （v）代表；象征
36,*square rt （n）平方根
37,*subtract （v）减
38,times （n）时代；时期
39,*annuncement (n)声明；宣言
40,cpy （n）拷贝；复制
41,decisin （n）决定
42,*fellw （adj）同类的；同伴的
43,*gift (n) 礼物
44,*wrngly（adv）错误地
45,*graph (n) 图表
46,nt at all 没关系
未打*号是核心词汇
词组归纳
everyne’s language大家共同的语言 d a calculatin计算
at least至少；无论如何； in ne’s whle lifetime在某人的一生
不管怎样 brain against cmputer人脑战电脑
the internatinal 国际通用的数字语言 call the brain a living 把人脑叫做活电脑
language f numbers cmputer
in ancient times 古时候；从前 give an answer 给出答案
in many different ways用许多不同的方法 with an amazing brain具有一个不可思议的
大脑
in tens用十进制 calculate like lightning像闪电般计算
the systems f numbers数字系统 find the answer 找出答案
cnsist f包括；由…组成 take a minute 花费一分钟
frm the biggest t 从最大的到最小的 prgram it with用指令为其编程
the smallest instructins
have t 不得不
ne f the first 最早的工具之一 slve the prblem解题
calculating machines dd number 奇数；单数
s…that… 如此…以至于…… decimal number小数
start frm由…开始 even number偶数；双数
n the right 在右面 be made up f由…组成
a mdern electrnic现代电子计算器
calculatr
square rts 平方根
说明：关于算盘和电脑的补充阅读材料，拓展学生的阅读能力，并加深对课文主题的理解。
I reading
Abut cmputer
That little "a" with a circle curling arund it that is fund in email addresses is mst cmmnly referred t as the "at" symbl.
Surprisingly thugh, there is n fficial, universal name fr this sign. There are dzens f strange terms t describe the @ symbl
Befre it became the standard symbl fr electrnic mail, the @ symbl was used t represent the cst r weight f smething. Fr instance, if yu purchased 6 apples, yu might write it as 6 apples @ $1.10 each
With the intrductin f e-mail came the ppularity f the @ symbl. The @ symbl r the "at sign" separates a persn's nline user name frm his mail server address. Fr instance, je@uselessknwledge.cm. Its widespread use n the Internet made it necessary t put this symbl n keybards in ther cuntries that have never seen r used the symbl befre. As a result, there is really n fficial name fr this symbl
Histry tells us that the @ symbl stemmed frm the tired hands f the medieval mnks. During the Middle Ages befre the inventin f printing presses, every letter f a wrd had t be painstakingly transcribed by hand fr each cpy f a published bk. The mnks that perfrmed these lng, tedius cpying duties lked fr ways t reduce the number f individual strkes per wrd fr cmmn wrds. Althugh the wrd "at" is quite shrt t begin with, it was a cmmn enugh wrd in texts and dcuments that medieval mnks thught it wuld be quicker and easier t shrten the wrd "at" even mre. As a result, the mnks lped the "t" arund the "a" and created it int a circle-eliminating tw strkes f the pen.
An Illustrated Histry f Cmputers
Jhn Tppling © 2002
The first cmputers were peple! That is, electrnic cmputers (and the earlier mechanical cmputers) were given this name because they perfrmed the wrk that had previusly been assigned t peple. "Cmputer" was riginally a jb title: it was used t describe thse human beings (predminantly wmen) whse jb it was t perfrm the repetitive calculatins required t cmpute such things as navigatinal tables, tide charts, and planetary psitins fr astrnmical almanacs. Imagine yu had a jb where hur after hur, day after day, yu were t d nthing but cmpute multiplicatins. Bredm wuld quickly set in, leading t carelessness, leading t mistakes. And even n yur best days yu wuldn't be prducing answers very fast. Therefre, inventrs have been searching fr hundreds f years fr a way t mechanize (that is, find a mechanism that can perfrm) this task.
This picture shws what were knwn as "cunting tables" [pht curtesy IBM]
A typical cmputer peratin back when cmputers were peple.
The abacus was an early aid fr mathematical cmputatins. Its nly value is that it aids the memry f the human perfrming the calculatin. A skilled abacus peratr can wrk n additin and subtractin prblems at the speed f a persn equipped with a hand calculatr (multiplicatin and divisin are slwer). The abacus is ften wrngly attributed t China. In fact, the Babylnians used the ldest surviving abacus in 300 B.C.. The abacus is still in use tday, principally in the Far East. A mdern abacus cnsists f rings that slide ver rds, but the lder ne pictured belw dates frm the time when pebbles were used fr cunting (the wrd "calculus" cmes frm the Latin wrd fr pebble).
II. Chse the suitable wrd r expressin t cmplete the passage
In sme schls there is a cmputer classrm. Teachers give lessns withut any chalk. Students wrk n the maths prblems with n pens r paper, either. The cmputer writes questins n the screen in frnt f the students, and the students’ answer n their keybards,
Students can easily learn a freign language with a cmputer. The cmputer gives lessns in grammar and crrect use f wrds and phrases. Its speakers can tell yu hw t prnunce the wrds.
Nw cmputer have entered a lt f families. Yu can exchange infrmatin thrugh the cmputer. Yu can even send r receive letters frm E-mail bx. Yu can als bk a theatre ticket r a plane seat n the cmputer net. Recently universities and senir high schls have succeeded in accepting new students n the screen.
Cmputers cme in all sizes and shapes—pcket calculatr, vide game machine. Human beings give cmputers their infrmatin and tell them what t d. Cmputers have played an imprtant part in ur daily life, but they can’t take the place f human beings. The students f tday shuld learn hw t use the cmputers f tmrrw

III. True r False
Leeds—Lndn
MF
MF
S
S
MF
Mndays t Saturdays
CF
CF
CF
CF
CF
Dep
O645
0725
0740
0845
0910
0945
1030
1045
Arr
0908
0945
1014
1112
1219
1212
1456C
1312
Dep=depart(leave)
CF=cheap fare(ticket) arr=arrive S=Saturday nly
C=change at Pncaster MF=Mnday t Friday
( )1. This is a train schedule.
( )2. The 1030 train is an indirect train.
( )3. The 0725 train takes the least time t get t Leeds.
( )4. There are 5 trains t g frm Mnday t Saturday.
( )5. There are 2 MF trains with cheap fares.
( )6. There are 3 trains n the schedule with nrmal fares
Key:
1, T 2, T, 3, T, 4, F, 5, T, 6, T