新教材高二英语下学期暑假训练8选择性必修四综合训练含答案

这是一份新教材高二英语下学期暑假训练8选择性必修四综合训练含答案，共13页。

单词拼写
1. The rganizerreserves the right t make any changes withut pntice.
2. He is s stubbrn and (传统的) that he will have t make sme majr adjustments t his thinking if he is t survive in ffice.
3. The rapid spread f the disease at the mment calls n all the cuntries t put aside disputes and ctgether.
4. The pera huse culd nt survive withut (商业广告) spnsrs.
5. After a lng absence frm schl, Wang Peng was d.
6. It was s dark that he didn’t dare t g ut t (取) sme water.
二、单句语法填空
7. Babies’ skin ________(feel) sft and smth.
8. Generally, Charles Babbage ________(cnsider ) t be the first t invent a cmputer.
9. ________ yu can sleep well, yu will lse the ability t fcus,and stay mtivated after ne r tw nights.
10. The reasn ________ I gt a jb was that I wrked hard.
11. Yu can nly be sure f ________yu have at present; yu cannt be sure f smething that yu might get in the future.
12. Yu arrived at the bus stp right in time, r yu culd ____________(miss) it.
三、汉译英
13.我们采取行动以前需要有更多时间观察情况的发展。
14.只有这样，他们才能与他们所爱的团聚。
15.超过三分之一的夫妇要为这隆重的一天背上债务。
16.不快乐的童年会给一个人的一生蒙上阴影。
四、七选五
Mystery f Evlutin
Fllwing the utbreak f the nvel crnavirus pneumnia(NCP), als named COVID-19 by WHO, there is a general fear f the unknwn virus as its full effects remain t be seen. Fever, cughing, sre thrat, difficulty breathing—the NCP’s symptms are similar t the cmmn cld r the flu, but it’s ptentially mre dangerus.
Viruses culd be deadly, like HIV and Ebla(埃博拉). But what are viruses? Hw can they cause s much truble? Viruses are nn-living rganisms(有机体) apprximately ne-millinth f an inch lng. Unlike human cells r bacteria, they can’t reprduce n their wn. 17
Viruses can infect every living thing — frm plants and animals dwn t the smallest bacteria. Fr this reasn, they always have the ptential t be dangerus t human life. Smetimes a virus can cause a disease s serius that it is fatal. Other viral infectins cause n nticeable reactin. Viruses lie arund ur envirnment all f the time, waiting fr a hst cell t cme alng. They can enter ur bdies by the nse, muth, eyes r breaks in the skin. 18 Fr example, HIV, which causes AIDSattacks the T-cells f the immune system.
But the basic questin is, where did viruses first cme frm? 19 “Tracing the rigins f viruses is difficult.” Ed Rybicki, a virlgist at the University f Cape Twn in Suth Africa, tld Scientific American, “because viruses dn’t leave fssils(化石) and because f the tricks they use t make cpies f themselves within the cells they’ve invaded.” 20 First, viruses started as independent rganisms, then became parasites(寄生者). Secnd. viruses evlved frm pieces f DNA r RNA that “escaped” frm larger rganisms. Third, viruses c-evlved with their hst cells, which means they existed alngside these cells.
Fr the time being, these are nly theries. The technlgy and evidence we have tday cannt be used t test these theries and identify the mst plausible explanatin. 21 Or future studies may reveal that the answer is even murkier(含糊不清的) than it nw appears.
A. Once inside, they try t find a hst cell t infect.
B. Until nw, n clear explanatin fr their rigin exists.
C. Cntinuing studies may prvide us with clearer answers.
D. There’s pretty strng evidence that this is a bat rigin crnavirus.
E. Hwever, there are three main hyptheses(假说) t explain the rigin f viruses.
F. Instead, they invade the cells f living rganisms t reprduce, spread and take ver.
G. Bat is a flying mammal with a lng lifespan, whse temperature is high, similar t a fever.
五、完形填空
Life is meant t be lived. N excuses. N reservatins. N hlding back.
An inspiring stry abut vilinist Fritz Kreisler tells hw he nce 22 a beautiful vilin he wanted t acquire. When he finally 23 the mney fr the vilin, he returned t buy it and learned that it had already been sld t a(n) 24.
He went t the new wner’s hme in rder t try t 25 him t sell the vilin. But the cllectr said it was ne f his 26 pssessins and he culd nt let it g. Disappinted Kreisler turned t leave, but then 27 a favur. “May I play the instrument nce mre 28 it is placed t silence?”
29 was given and the great musician began t play. The vilin sang ut a piece f quality music, s 30 that the cllectr himself culd nly listen in wnderment. “I have n 31 t keep that t myself,” he said after the musician finished. “The vilin is yurs, Mr. Kreisler. Take it int wrld, and let peple 32 it.”
William Arthur Ward said, “If yu believe in prayer, pray; if yu believe in serving, serve; if yu believe in giving, give.Fr yu and I are fine vilins— ur music is 33 t be heard.”
I want t live my life that way — t take it int the wrld and live it 34. I’d rather burn ut than rust ut(锈尽). I’d rather be used up than die nt having dne 35 I can.
I’m nt talking abut 36 urselves ut n ver-activity. Happiness is 37 fund in excessive(过度的) busyness. But it is fund in 38 ur lives in thers. Say yes when asked fr a hand. Vlunteer sme time fr a wrthwhile rganizatin and 39 an hur with a lnely relative.
In the end, I knw that my 40 is nt nly abut my ability r my inability. It is abut my 41. My life is meant t be lived.
22. A. came verB. came acrssC. came abutD. came up
23. A. raisedB. fundC. stredD. prvided
24. A. relativeB. wnerC. merchantD. cllectr
25. A. encurageB. cmmandC. persuadeD. remind
26. A. valuelessB. preciusC. expensiveD. imprtant
27. A. shwedB. didC. wnD. asked
28. A. befreB. unlessC. sinceD. until
29. A. AssistanceB. PriceC. PermissinD. Invitatin
30. A. interestingB. classicalC. pwerfulD. beautiful
31. A. ideaB. rightC. rmD. sense
32.A. hearB. seeC. feelD. knw
33.A. supprtedB. meantC. valuedD. cnvinced
34. A. prperlyB. brieflyC. nrmallyD. fully
35. A. whicheverB. wheneverC. whateverD. whever
36. A. helpingB. keepingC. wearingD. making
37. A. alwaysB. neverC. nceD. already
38. A. devtingB. changingC. investingD. absrbing
39. A. spendB. cstC. takeD. pay
40. A. businessB. hardnessC. kindnessD. happiness
41. A. participatinB. existenceC. respnsibilityD. difference
【电影台词】11部电影，11句爱情箴言，总有一句是说给你的（下）
①Dn’t frget the things yu nce wned. Treasure the things yu can’t get. Dn’t give up the things that belng t yu and keep thse lst things in memry.
曾经拥有的，不要忘记。不能得到的，更要珍惜。属于自己的，不要放弃。已经失去的，留作回忆。
——《曾经》
②Gd lve makes yu see the whle wrld frm ne persn, while bad lve makes yu abandn the whle wrld fr ne persn.
好的爱情是你通过一个人看到整个世界，坏的爱情是你为了一个人舍弃世界。
——《两小无猜》
③Is there anyne wh hasn’t suffered fr the secret lve? We always think that lve is very heavy, heavy and culd be the heaviest thing in the wrld. But ne day, when yu lk back, yu suddenly realize that it’s always light, light. We all thught lve was very deep, but in fact it’s very thin. The deepest and heaviest lve must grw up with the time.
有谁不曾为那暗恋而痛苦？我们总以为那份痴情很重，很重，是世界上最重的重量。有一天，蓦然回首，我们才发现，它一直都是很轻，很轻的。我们以为爱得很深，很深，来日岁月，会让你知道，它不过很浅，很浅。最深和最重的爱，必须和时日一起成长。
——《天使爱美丽》
④I knw smene in the wrld is waiting fr me, althugh I’ve n idea f wh he is. But I feel happy every day fr this.
我知道这世上有人在等我，尽管我不知道他是谁。但是因为这个，我每天都非常快乐。
——《返老还童》
⑤In yu life, there will at least ne time that yu frget yurself fr smene, asking fr n result, n cmpany, n wnership nr lve. Just ask fr meeting yu in my mst beautiful years.
一生至少该有一次，为了某个人而忘了自己，不求有结果，不求同行，不求曾经拥有，甚至不求你爱我。只求在我最美的年华里，遇到你。
——《恋恋笔记本》
答案与解析
一、单词拼写
【答案】
1. prir2. cnventinal3. cperate4. cmmercial
5. dismissed6. fetch
二、单句语法填空
【答案】
7. feels8. is cnsidered9. Unless10. why
11. what12. have missed
【解析】
7.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：婴儿的皮肤摸起来又柔软又光滑。感官动词feel在此处为系动词，没有被动语态，且表达的是一个客观的事实，所以用一般现在时，Babies’ skin是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。故填feels。
8.考查时态和语态。句意：一般来说，查尔斯·巴贝奇被认为是第一个发明计算机的人。设空处为句子谓语动词，结合语境判断为一般现在时，主语Charles Babbage和cnsider之间为被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态，注意主谓一致。故填is cnsidered。
9.考查连词。句意：除非你睡得好，否则一两个晚上后你就不能集中精力、保持活跃。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处用连词Unless（除非）符合语境，故填Unless。
10.考查定语从句。句意：我能找到工作是因为我工作努力。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰the reasn，从句中作原因状语，用关系副词why引导。故填why。
11.考查宾语从句。句意：你只能确知自己有什么，无法预知你可能会有什么。分析可知，设空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，且指代事物，应用连接代词what。故填what。
12.考查情态动词+have dne。句意：你刚好及时到公交车站，否则你可能就会错过它。结合句意可知此处考查对过去情况不太肯定的推测，其结构为culd have dne，即可能会做某事，故填have missed。
三、汉译英
【答案】
13. We need mre time t see hw things develp befre we take actin.
14. Only then can they be reunited with the nes they lve.
15. Over a third f married cuples g int debt t pay ff the big day.
16. An unhappy childhd wuld cast a shadw n ne’s whle life.
四、七选五
【答案】17-21 FABEC
【解析】这是一篇说明文。作者通过这篇文章主要向我们讲述了新型冠状病毒以及病毒侵害人体的原理。
17.空格上文：不像人类细胞或细菌，他们不能自我繁殖。这与F选项（相反，他们是入侵生物组织细胞进行繁殖、传播并取而代之。）承接自然，上下文是明显的转折关系，reprduce是关键词，故选F项。
18.空格上文：他们可以通过鼻子、嘴、眼睛或皮肤的伤口处进入我们的身体。这与A选项（一旦进入，他们会感染宿主细胞。）承接自然，上下文讲述的话题一致，enter和inside是关键词，故选A项。
19.空格上文“But the basic questin is, where did viruses first cme frm?”（但最基本的问题是，病毒最初是来自哪儿？）与B选项（直到现在，对他们的成因也没有明确的解释。）承接自然，选项中的their就是上文提到的virus，rigin exists和first cme frm是关键词，故选B项。
20.选项E（但是，有三个解释病毒起源的主要假说。）与下文内容提到的三点在文章结构上构成总分关系，故选E项。
21.空格下文“Or future studies may reveal that the answer is even murkier(含糊不清的) than it nw appears.”（或者未来的研究对这个问题的揭示比现在更让人费解。）与选项C（进一步的研究会给我们提供更清晰的答案。）承接自然，上下文构成明显的选择关系，answer是关键词，故选C项。
五、完形填空
【答案】22-26 BADCB27-31 DACDB32-36 ABDCC37-41 BCADA
【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者从小提琴家Fritz Kreisler为一位收藏家演奏小提琴的故事中，感悟到幸福存在于帮助他人之中，幸福与能做什么或不能做什么无关，而是和给予了别人多少有关。
22.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：一个关于小提琴家Fritz Kreisler的励志故事讲述了他如何偶然发现了一把他想要的漂亮小提琴。A. came ver：顺便来访；B. came acrss：偶遇；C. came abut：产生；D. came up：上升。根据“a beautiful vilin he wanted t acquire”可知，这是一个小提琴家Fritz Kreisler与他钟爱的小提琴偶然相遇的故事。故选B。
23.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他终于筹到钱去买这把小提琴时，却得知这把小提琴已经卖给了一个收藏家。A. raised：筹集；B. fund：发现；C. stred：储存；D. prvided：提供。根据空后内容可知，Fritz Kreisler是筹钱想买这把小提琴。故选A。
24.考查名词词义辨析。A. relative：亲戚；B. wner：主人；C. merchant：商人；D. cllectr：收藏家。根据“But the cllectr said it was ne f his 26 pssessins and he culd nt let it g.”可知，这把小提琴被一位收藏家买走了。故选D。
25.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他去了新主人的家，试图说服他卖掉这把小提琴。A. encurage：勇气；B. cmmand：命令；C. persuade：劝服；D. remind：提醒。try t persuade sb. t d：试图说服某人做某事。根据“He went t the new wner’s hme”可知，Fritz Kreisler想试图说服这把小提琴的新主人把这把小提琴卖给他。故选C。
26.考查形容词词义辨析。A. valueless：无价值的；B. precius：宝贵的；C. expensive：昂贵的；D. imprtant：重要的。根据“and he culd nt let it g.”可知，收藏家说这是他的珍贵财产之一。故选B。
27.考查动词词义辨析。句意：失望的Fritz Kreisler转身要走，但还是请他帮个忙。A. shwed：展示；B. did：做；C. wn：赢得；D. asked：问。根据空后一句可知，失望的Fritz Kreisler是想请求收藏家帮他一个忙。故选D。
28.考查连词词义辨析。A. befre：之前；B. unless：除非；C. since：自从；D. until：直到。根据“it is placed t silence”可知，Fritz Kreisler是请求在小提琴收起来之前，用它再演奏一次。故选A。
29.考查名词词义辨析。A. Assistance：援助；B. Price：价格；C. Permissin：允许；D. Invitatin：邀请。根据“and the great musician began t play”可知，Fritz Kreisler的要求得到了收藏家的同意。故选C。
30.考查形容词词义辨析。A. interesting：有趣的；B. classical：古典的；C. pwerful：强大的；D. beautiful：漂亮的。根据“the cllectr himself culd nly listen in wnderment”可知，小提琴奏出的音乐十分美妙。故选D。
31.考查名词词义辨析。A. idea：想法；B. right：权利；C. rm：房间；D. sense：感觉。根据收藏家后面说的话可知，收藏家认为自己没有权利把这么美妙的音乐据为己有，希望让Kreisler能把它传播世界。故选B。
32.考查动词词义辨析。句意：把它带到世界上，让人们听到。A. hear：听到；B. see：看到；C. feel：感觉到；D. knw：知道。根据“ur music is 33 t be heard.”可知选A。
33.考查动词词义辨析。A. supprted：支持；B. meant：意味着；C. valued：珍惜；D. cnvinced：信服。be meant t：应该是，旨在。根据“Fr yu and I are fine vilins”可知，美妙的音乐就是要让人听到。故选B。
34.考查副词词义辨析。A. prperly：恰当地；B. briefly：简洁地；C. nrmally：正常地；D. fully：完全地。根据“I want t live my life that way — t take it int the wrld”可知，这里是对生活的感悟：要充实地生活。故选D。
35.考查宾语从句。A. whichever：无论哪一个；B. whenever：无论何时；C. whatever：无论什么；D. whever：无论谁。宾语从句中情态动词can后缺少宾语，所以用whatever引导。这里指宁愿耗尽自己的精力，也不愿还未做任何力所能及的事就死去。故选C。
36.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我并不是说过度活动会让我们筋疲力尽。A. helping：帮助；B. keeping：保存；C. wearing：穿；D. making：使得。wear neself ut：筋疲力尽。根据n ver-activity可知选C。
37.考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸福永远不会在过分忙碌中找到。A. always:总是；B. never:从不；C. nce：一旦；D. already：已经。根据“But it is fund in 38 ur lives in thers.”可知，永远不会在过分忙碌中找到幸福。故选B。
38.考查动词词义辨析。A. devting：致力于；B. changing：改变；C. investing：投资；D. absrbing：吸收。根据空后内容可知，幸福在于将我们的生命投入到他人身上。故选C。
39.考查动词词义辨析。A. spend：度过；B. cst：花费；C. take：需要；D. pay：支付。spend time with sb.：与某人一起度过时光。这里指花时间陪伴孤独的亲戚。故选A。
40.考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，我知道了我的幸福不仅仅是关于我的能力或无能。A. business：生意；B. hardness：困难；C. kindness：善意；D. happiness：幸福。此处指幸福不在于有没有能力。故选D。
41.考查名词词义辨析。A. participatin：参与；B. existence：存在；C. respnsibility：责任；D. difference：不同。根据空格前句可知，作者认为幸福在于参与到他人，帮助他人，给予别人帮助。故选A。