突破10 妙用好词热词的四原则(解析版)-备战2022年新高考英语写作三合一突破

备战2022年新高考英语写作三合一突破突破10 妙用好词热词的四原则【技法演练】在阅卷的过程中，由于长时间阅卷带来的疲劳，普通的词汇只会让我们产生视觉疲劳。但如果文章中有几个不落俗套的高级词汇，会让我们眼前一亮。下面就是好词妙用的4个原则：1．不“人云亦云”原则写作时，恰当得体地使用别人可能想不到的词汇或表达，会给阅卷老师耳目一新的感觉。【技法强化】①tell→inform/share 告诉·(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)I'm writing to          you that we will have a volleyball match next month.我写信告诉你我们下个月有一场排球赛。②proper→appropriate 合适的·(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)In my view, you'd better bring an         gift to your Chinese friend. 我认为，你最好给你的中国朋友带一份合适的礼物。③chance→opportunity 机会·(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)If offered the          to be a volunteer, I will do it well and live up to your expectations.如果提供给我这个做志愿者的机会，我会努力做好以不辜负你的期望。④be sure to→be bound to一定·(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)You          have a good knowledge of the history of our school.你一定会了解我们学校的历史。2．短语优先原则在写作中，要想吸引阅卷老师，就要多使用短语来代替一些单词，这样会使表达更生动。【技法强化】①should→be supposed to应该·(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)You              arrive on time or a little earlier.你应该按时或早点儿到达。②believe→be convinced (of) 相信·(2018·天津高考)I             your participation will surely contribute to our winning the competition.我相信你的参与肯定会助我们赢得比赛。③master→have a good command/knowledge of 精通·(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)I                 spoken English，thus making it easy for me to communicate with visitors.我精通英语口语，因此我很容易与游客交流。④about→concerning/regarding/related to 关于·(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)I'd like to share with you some details                  Chinese table manners. 我想向你讲述一些与中国餐桌礼仪相关的细节。⑤therefore→as a result/consequence 因此·(2018·全国卷Ⅱ) There are not enough seats available,                 , just arrive a little earlier. 因为座位不多，因此，早点到场。3．表达手法多样化原则在表达相近或相同意思时，要尽量避免重复使用相同的词汇，而是灵活运用其他恰当的同义词、近义词或利用构词法进行词形转换，从而给阅卷老师耳目一新之感。【技法强化】·(2018·北京高考)What a meaningful/         experience it is to promote traditional Chinese culture!传播中国传统文化是多么有意义的经历啊！·(2018·天津高考)We have been occupied/engaged/         making preparations for the competition.我们一直忙于准备比赛。4．准确恰当使用高级词汇原则在写作时，不能为了一味追求高级词汇而堆砌高级词汇或使用难词和生僻词汇，应根据写作要求选用恰当的词汇，以完成规定的写作任务。【整合演练】用高级词汇升级下面句子中的加黑体部分1．Besides, you may have the chance to play with outstanding players. 2．I'll be glad if you can consider my recommendation. 3．Developing a good habit is also important. 4．We all have the same opportunity. 5．The answer is certainly the latter. 6．I have decided to be a teacher when I grow up. 7．I would appreciate it if you could consider my advice. 8．Finally, I found the book really interesting and that it was well worth reading.  参考文献【技法演练】1．①(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)I'm writing to inform you that we will have a volleyball match next month.②(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)In my view, you'd better bring an appropriate gift to your Chinese friend. ③(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)If offered the opportunity to be a volunteer, I will do it well and live up to your expectations.④(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)You are bound to have a good knowledge of the history of our school.2．①(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)You are supposed to arrive on time or a little earlier.②(2018·天津高考)I am convinced your participation will surely contribute to our winning the competition.③(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)I have a good command of spoken English，thus making it easy for me to communicate with visitors.④(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)I'd like to share with you some details concerning/regarding/related to Chinese table manners. ⑤(2018·全国卷Ⅱ) There are not enough seats available, as a result/consequence, just arrive a little earlier. 因为座位不多，因此，早点到场。3．(2018·北京高考)What a meaningful/rewarding experience it is to promote traditional Chinese culture!(2018·天津高考)We have been occupied/engaged/buried in making preparations for the competition.【整合演练】1．Besides, you may have the chance to play with outstanding players.In_addition;_opportunity2．I'll be glad if you can consider my recommendation.delighted3．Developing a good habit is also important.of_importance4．We all have the same opportunity.possess5．The answer is certainly the latter.definitely6．I have decided to be a teacher when I grow up.determined/made_up_my_mind7．I would appreciate it if you could consider my advice.take_my_advice_into_account/consideration9．Finally, I found the book really interesting and that it was well worth reading.Eventually;_absorbing/striking/appealing 【拓展运用】15月16日是我国第三十一个全国助残日。某英语报社以“关爱残疾人从我做起”为主题，面向中学生进行征文。请你用英语写一篇题为“Caring for Disabled People Is Our Duty”的文章向其投稿。内容包括：1. 助残的必要性；2. 自己所做的事；3. 感悟与期望。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】Caring for Disabled People Is Our DutyPeople with disabilities are around us. They actually need more care and help due to their disabilities. However, there is still prejudice against them nowadays. So it is necessary to care for them.In my daily life, I always respect them but never make fun of them no matter what happens. Besides, whenever I find people with disabilities in need of help, I never hesitate to give them a hand.Helping disabled people has made not only them but also me happier. I hope every one in our society will get rid of discrimination and take action immediately to care for disabled people. Only in this way can we create a harmonious world.【写作步骤】1.词汇积累偏见：prejudice→bias关心：care for=be concerned with取笑：make fun of=tease立刻：immediately=at once2.句式拓展合并简单句原句：People with disabilities are around us. They actually need more care and help due to their disabilities.拓展句：People with disabilities are around us, who actually need more care and help due to their disabilities.【写作亮点】[高分句型1] Besides, whenever I find people with disabilities in need of help, I never hesitate to give them a hand. (运用了whenever引导的让步状语从句)[高分句型2] Only in this way can we create a harmonious world. (运用了部分倒装)2最近你们班上开展了一次关于是读纸质书还是电子书的讨论，请你就这个话题给校英语报写一篇文章，内容包括：1. 有学生支持纸质书及原因；2. 有学生支持电子书及原因；3. 你的看法。注意： 1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Paper Books or E-books?______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】Paper Books or E-books?Recently, a heated discussion was held in our class about whether we should read paper books or electronic books. Some students argue that paper books are much healthier to our eyes without depending on electronic devices. Meanwhile, reading paper books is easy to see how many pages we have read and create a sense of achievement. What’s more, the parts we don’t understand can be easily found and read. However, other students hold the positive view, thinking E-books are so convenient that we can read them anywhere at any time. Furthermore, so many options of E-books are available on the Internet, which are much cheaper and take up less space.In my opinion, it doesn’t matter whether we read paper books or E-boos. The most important thing is that we should have a good habit of reading.【写作步骤】1.词汇积累最近：recently →lately/ newly依靠：depend on →rely on选择：option →choice可使用的：available →accessible2.句式拓展原句：Some students argue that paper books are much healthier to our eyes without depending on electronic devices.拓展句：Some students argue that paper books are much healthier to our eyes because they do not depend on electronic devices.【写作亮点】[高分句型1] Recently, a heated discussion was held in our class about whether we should read paper books or electronic books. (运用了whether...or...引导的宾语从句)[高分句型2] Furthermore, so many options of E-books are available on the Internet, which are much cheaper and take up less space. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)[高分句型3] The most important thing is that we should have a good habit of reading. (运用了that引导的表语从句)3学校诗歌社团在近期将招募 (recruit) 新成员。假如你是社团负责人李华，请你根据所给提示，代表社团用英语写一则招募启事，内容包括：1. 招募条件：热爱诗歌；2. 参加英语诗歌社团的好处；3. 报名方式及其他注意事项。注意：1. 写作词数应为 80 左右；2. 请按要求在答题卡的相应位置作答。Members Wanted______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Poetry Club【参考范文】Members WantedThe school poetry club will recruit new members in the near future. If you are enthusiastic about English poetry, please join us.By participating in our well-organized activities, you will harvest a lot. To begin with, you can develop good communication skills and make a lot of friends here. What’s more, you can speak English with a good pronunciation with the help of professional teachers. So join us and show the best of you to the world with your voice.Students of all grades are welcome. If interested, please scan the QR code and fill in the application form before 22th this month. Don’t hesitate to take part in it.Poetry Club【写作步骤】1. 词汇积累对……感兴趣：be interested in→be enthusiastic about参与：take part in→participate in此外：additionally→what’s more收获：gain→harvest2. 句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：By participating in our well-organized activities, you will harvest a lot.拓展句：Participating in our well-organized activities is of great help, which will help you harvest a lot.【写作亮点】[高分句型1] If you are enthusiastic about English poetry, please join us.（运用了由if引导的条件状语从句）[高分句型2] If interested, please scan the QR code and fill in the application form before 22th this month.（运用状语从句的省略）4阅读下面材料，根据其内界和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。On July 8, 2017, eight members of a family in total, were enjoying an evening together at the beach in Panhandle, Florida. As the sun sank lower on the horizon, the two boys Noah 11 and Stephen 8 swam into the waves without the grown-ups noticing. Soon they realized that the ocean had pulled them into the sea. After trying and failing to swim back, they started waving and screaming for help. But the lifeguards had been off duty for the evening.The boys had been struggling for several minutes when Jacky and Tabatha, a couple from Georgia, heard them. They dived into the water and s0on reached the two brothers. But after a few minutes, they were all trapped in a rip current (离岸流),a powerful one that could sweep even the strongest swimmer out to sea! By then, some teenagers had heard the cry. One of the teens rushed into the water, grabbed Jacky. and pulled him back to shore. Meanwhile, Tabatha could feel herself being pulled farther out. She was already exhausted and beginning to feel desperate as she was trying to save both boys alone.Onshore, Jacky was terrified. A man stopped. “What’s wrong?” asked Shaun, who was heading back to his car. “My wife is drowning!" Brittany said. Shaun immediately strode (大步跨) into the water. But several minutes later, a gaping 15 feet still lay between him and Tabatha and the boys. He knew that if he continued, he’d become another victim. He turned around to seek help.It was about that time that Roberta, the boys’ mother, returned from the bathroom and looked around for her children. She was shocked to spot them floating much farther out than they were allowed to go. She fought the waves to get to her screaming sons and the stranger who was trying to save them, but she quickly discovered it was nearly impossible to make headway in any direction. Looking around, Roberta sighed with relief to see some more people coming to help.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好。Paragraph 1When they tried in vain to rescue the brothers and Tabatha, a risky idea came to them.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph 2By then, more swimmers had also noticed the group in trouble and rushed to join the human chain.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】Paragraph 1:When they tried in vain to rescue the brothers and Tabatha, a risky idea came to them. To keep themselves from losing their footing in the rip current, they began holding on to one another to form a human chain extending from the beach all the way out to the struggling boys and Tabatha. They stayed linked tightly and managed to ensure they were safe by making their feet firmly planted in the sand. However, that required more links — probably dozens of them. Shaun spotted other swimmers on the beach and shouted, “Don’t just stand there! Come and help.”Paragraph 2:By then, more swimmers had also noticed the group in trouble and rushed to join the human chain. One by one, link by link, total strangers walked into the waves and grasped one another by the wrists, determined that no one would die on that beach. At last, they made it and Tabatha and the two brothers were saved! “Those people on the beach are angels on earth,” said Roberta, showing her appreciation. Whether it is the first person or the last person in the chain, they are all our heroes, who helped get our family out of trouble.【文章大意】这是一篇读后续写。文章主要讲述了一家八口在海边度假时，两个孩子不幸被海水卷入海中，其他人发现情况后主动救援的故事。【写作步骤】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“当他们尽力营救兄弟俩和Tabatha无果后，他们想到了一个冒险的方法。”可知，关键词是“冒险的”，所以可以接着写：他们手拉手形成“人链”，希望可以拉住那些受困的人，避免他们被暗流带走。但似乎人手还不够，他们朝游泳的人大喊，让他们也过来帮忙。②由第二段首句内容“更多游泳的人看到这种情况，都跑过来帮忙。”可知，关键词是“人多力量大”，故可以接着写：他们紧紧地相互拽着，终于可以够得着受困的人。在他们的努力下，两兄弟和Tabatha都被救上了岸。他们的妈妈对所有帮助的人表示感激。2.续写线索：组成人链——朝向落水者——设法保证安全——呼唤他人加入——落水者成功得救——表示感激3.词汇激活行为类①组成人链：form a human chain/stand in a queue②朝向：extend all the way out to/move towards ③设法：manage to do/think of any possible means④呼唤：shout/cry/scream⑤成功：make it/succeed in doing sth/do sth successfully情绪类①感谢：showing her appreciation/show her gratitude/be grateful②决心：be determined to do/decide to do/make up one’s mind to do【写作亮点】[高分句型1] When they tried in vain to rescue the brothers and Tabatha, a risky idea came to them. 本复合句中使用了连词when引导的时间状语从句。[高分句型2] They stayed linked tightly and managed to ensure they were safe by making their feet firmly planted in the sand. 本复合句中使用了宾语从句，它在ensure后面省略了连接词that。[高分句型3] Whether it is the first person or the last person in the chain, they are all our heroes, who helped get our family out of trouble. 本复合句中使用了连接词whether引导的让步状语从句和关系代词who引导的非限制性定语从句。 5阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。It's not just your mom's arbitrary rule; across cultures and throughout history, elbows(手肘）on the table have long been considered unacceptable behavior. Indeed, the Bible warns of putting your elbows on the table, and in 1530, Dutch philosopher Erasmus repeated the same rule. Even the etiquette(礼节） experts don't advise it. So, why have elbows on the table always been considered rude?For earlier civilizations, this rule functioned to prevent possible violence at the table."Table manners prevented us from leaving our space and starting a" fight. It was important that people saw you-as considerate or trying hard," says Margaret Visser, author of The Rituals of Dinner. Our place setting's fork and knife already act as an imaginary boundary for bur space at the table, so ignoring" or breaking that border indicates that you have no regard for order and are therefore potentially mentally ill-who: knows what else you're capable of!Today,while keeping your elbows off the table can't be traced back' to a single culture or civilization, it more belongs to the universal language of principle, which expresses two ideas, that at mealtime one shouldn't do anything that inconveniences other diners, and that a meal is a formal occasion where' one shouldn't behave in a casual way.However,that's not to say that in the here and now leaving your' elbows on the" table will bring dishonor upon your family. Manners develop with the times to meet our needs and feelings. In fact,some body language now suggests that elbows on the table are a sign of appearing engaged and focused on the conversation at hand.Above all,being considerate, respectful, 'and honest is more important 'than knowing which fork to use. Whether it's a handshake or a hug, it's the sincerity behind and good intentions of the action that matter most______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】Possible version IPutting elbows on the table is always considered a taboo in different cultures and historical periods.（要点一）In the past,the rule helped to avoid probable conflicts at table as it left people's space inviolate.（要点二）Today,as a universal principle, it conveys the message that one shouldn't trouble other diners but behave well.(要点三）Whereas,with manners developing, placing elbows on the table equals showing interest and concentration in some situations.(要点四）Anyway,what matters most is the underlying sincerity and consideration.(要点五）79 wordsPossible version IIIt has long been regarded improper to put elbows on the table.(要点一）Actually, for earliercivilizations,people did so to avoid possible violence during the meal.(要点二）Nowadays,as a universal principle, it indicates that one shouldn't bother others or behave casually at mealtime.(要点三） Nevertheless, it isn't always considered bad-mannered, but it means people are concentrated and engaged.（要点四）All in all, what matters most is people's good intention and genuineness.(要点五）73 words【写作步骤】读完所给文章后用不多于60个词总结文章要点，要用自己的语言，不能用文章的原句。这是一篇议论文，文章主要讲述了礼节。胳膊肘放在桌子上总是被认为是不礼貌的。然而，随着礼仪的发展，它并不总是被认为是没礼貌的,在某些情况下，将肘部放在桌子上等于表示出兴趣和注意力的集中。无论如何，最重要的是内在的真诚和体贴。（1）确定体裁，本文是议论文。明确主题（why have elbows on the table always been considered rude?）及结构。（2）划主题句，找关键信息。这篇概要写作是写全文概要，不是写某一部分的概要，或者就某些问题写出要点。本文各段主题句是：1. For earlier civilizations, this rule functioned to prevent possible violence at the table.2. Today,while keeping your elbows off the table can't be traced back to a single culture or civilization, it more belongs to the universal language of principle.3. However,that's not to say that in the here and now leaving your elbows on the table will bring dishonor upon your family.4. Above all,being considerate, respectful, and honest is more important than knowing which fork to use. (3)改写。注意要点之间的衍接，要用适当的关联词语要通全文。(4)计算词数，看是否符合规定的词数要求。从范文中可以看出作者对原文要点的理解正确并呈现完整；应用语法结构和词汇准确；上下文连贯；要点表达独立；完全使用了自己的语言，语法结构准确，词汇应用丰富；所写内容与所提供内容密切相关，无文章原句。【写作亮点】文章思路清晰，语言规范，段落整齐，语篇连贯，层次清晰。使用了较为高级的句式: that引导的同位语从句Today,as a universal principle, it conveys the message that one shouldn't trouble other diners but behave well.what引导的主语从句 Anyway,what matters most is the underlying sincerity and consideration.高级句式的应用提升了写作的档次，整个短文显示出了作者高水平的英语表达能力。