Day 14 2022高考英语思维导图识记3500词汇+阅读打卡（word+ppt+思维导图原件）

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Day 14      2022高考英语3500词汇阅读打卡板块一：brainstorming 板块二：高频词汇词义用法精析    recognize vt.认识;辨认出;意识到;(正式)承认考点必记(1)recognize sb 认出某人It is widely /generally recognized that...普遍认为……recognize...as/to be承认……是be recognized as被公认为……(2)recognition n.认识,认出out of/beyond recognition认不出来 recommend vt.推荐;建议;劝告;介绍考点必记(1)recommend sb sth=recommend sth to sb向某人推荐某物recommend sb to do sth建议某人做某事recommend doing sth建议做某事recommend that sb (should) do sth建议某人做某事(2)recommendation n.建议;推荐 reflect vt.反射;映出;思考;反省考点必记(1)reflect...in...在……中反映出/映照出……reflect on思考;反思(2)reflection n.反射;反映;思考be lost in reflection陷入沉思之中(3)reflective adj. 反射的,反光的      relevant adj.紧密相关的,切题的;有价值的,有意义的考点必记(1)be relevant to sb/sth与某人/某物有关(2)be irrelevant to...与……无关(3)relevance n.相关性;关联have relevance to 与……有关 relief n.轻松;宽慰考点必记(1)(much) to one’s relief令某人感到(非常)宽慰/庆幸的是with relief释然,松了一口气a sense of relief一种解脱感relief from sth(痛苦、忧虑等)减轻或解除(2)relieve v.解除,减轻relieve sb of...解除某人的(负担、痛苦等)(3)relieved adj.放心的      remains n.遗物,遗迹,遗骸;剩余物考点必记(1)the remains of...……的遗迹;……的剩余物(2)remain v.留下;仍然是remain+形容词/名词/介词短语/非谓语动词 保持……remain to be done 有待于……(3)remaining adj.剩余的     remind sb of让某人想起……,提醒某人考点必记(1)remind sb to do sth提醒某人去做某事remind sb that...提醒某人……(2)reminder n.起提醒作用的物(3)“v.+sb+of sth”短语①cure sb of sth治好某人的病②accuse sb of sth指控某人某事③warn sb of sth警告某人某事④inform sb of sth通知某人某事⑤convince sb of sth使某人相信某事⑥rob sb of sth抢劫某人的某物 respond vi.做出反应,回应考点必记(1)respond to(=react to)sb/sth回答某人/某物,回应某人/某事(2)response n.回答,响应,反应in response to...作为对……的反应make a quick response to...对……做出很快的反应(3)responsible adj.有责任的;可依靠的;负责的be responsible for sth/sb对……负责       operate vt.&vi.管理,经营;操作,进行;动手术考点必记(1)operate on sb for...因为……给某人动手术(2)operation n.操作;实施;军事行动;手术in operation工作中;运行;实施put...into operation实施;使……运转do an operation on sb为某人动手术(3)cooperation n.合作,协力operator n.接线员;操作员      correspond vi.通信;相一致,符合;相当于考点必记(1)correspond to/with sth和……相符,与……一致correspond with sb与……通信(2)correspondence n.往来书信;通信联系;相关,相似in correspondence with与……有通信联系(3)corresponding adj.符合的;相应的;相关的correspondent n.记者;通讯员;通信者       tiring adj.让人疲劳的,累人的考点必记(1)tire vt.使……疲惫;使……厌烦　vi.厌烦,疲劳tire out使精疲力竭(2)tiresome adj.令人厌烦的,烦人的(3)tired adj.感到疲倦的be tired of sth/sb=be sick of sth/sb=be bored with sth/sb对……感到厌倦;对…感到厌烦get tired of变得厌倦be tired of doing sth厌倦/厌烦做某事be tired from/with因……而感到疲劳be tired out精疲力竭      injury n.伤害考点必记(1)do an injury to伤害,危害,对……有害do sb an injury=do an injury to sb伤害某人(2)injure v.受伤  be badly /seriously injured严重受伤(3)the injured伤者hurt,wound,injure与harm(1)hurt可指肉体上的轻伤,也可指感情上的挫伤。(2)wound常指在打斗中由外来暴力造成的刀伤、枪伤,程度较重。(3)injure指损害健康、成就、容貌等,强调功能的损失。也多指意外事故对肉体、健康造成的伤害。(4)harm多指对人的肉体或精神上带来的伤害       limit n.限制;极限;界限　vt.限制考点必记(1)limit sb/sth(to...)限定某人/某物(在……范围内)(2)within limits在一定范围内,适度地,有限度地to the limit到极点,到了最大限度(3)limited adj.有限的,受限制的limitless adj.无限制的,无约束的      bent on(doing)something决心做某事(通常指坏事)考点必记bend one’s mind to sth专心于某事bend (sb) to sth迫使/说服(某人)做某事      in memory of为了纪念……考点必记in terms of就……而言　　　in case of 万一in place of取代 in search of 寻找in favor of赞成,支持 in need of需要in praise of赞扬 in possession of拥有in charge of掌管,负责in the hope of抱着……的希望in honor of为了向……表示敬意板块三：阅读训练Passage A It’s an attractive idea: by playing online problem-solving, matching and other games for a few minutes a day, people can improve such mental abilities as reasoning,verbal skills（语言能力）and memory. But whether these games deliver on those promises is up for debate. “For every study that finds some evidence, there’s an equal number of papers that find no evidence,” says Bobby Stojanoski, a cognitive（认知的） psychologist at Western University in Ontario.Recently,in perhaps the biggest real-world study of these programs, Stojanoski and his team found 8,563 volunteers. First, participants filled out an online questionnaire about their training habits and which, if any, program they used. Some 1,009participants reported using brain training programs for about eight months on average,though duration ranged from two weeks to more than five years. Next, the volunteers completed 12 cognitive tests assessing memory, reasoning and verbal skills. They faced memory exercises, spatial reasoning tasks, pattern-finding puzzles and strategy challenges.When searchers looked at the results, they saw that brain trainers on average had no mental edge over the other group in memory, verbal skills and reasoning. Even among those who had used training programs for at least 18 months, brain training didn’t boost thinking abilities above the level of people who didn’t use the programs.“No matter how we sliced the data, we were unable to find any testimony that brain training was associated with cognitive abilities,” says Stojanoski. That held true whether the team analyzed participants by age, program used, education or socioeconomic status（地位）—all were cognitively similar to the group who didn’t use the programs.“Brain training may be beneficial in specific situations, but real world may be the best brain trainer,” says Elizabeth Stine-Morrow, a cognitive aging scientist at the University of Illinois. While it’s possible to improve mental abilities, Stine-Morrow advocates practicing those skills in different real-life situations, “That’s amuch better use of one’s time than sitting at a computer and doing little tasks.”1. What is the recent study mainly about?A. The importance of memory.               B. The dark side of online games.C. The effect of brain training games.          D.The way to improve mental abilities.2. What were the volunteers asked to do in the first part of the study?A. Report their daily habits.                  B. Take some memory tests.C. Receive some online training.              D. Complete a questionnaire.3. What does the underlined word “testimony” mean in Paragraph 4?A. Enhancement.         B. Evidence.       C. Solution.       D. Trouble.4. What does Stine-Morrow say about mental abilities?A. They need to be trained regularly.B. They’ll be harmed by using computers.C. They may change in different situations.D. They’ll be improved through real-life tasks.参考答案：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了考古学家们发现了疑似是獾在觅食时偶然发现的罗马硬币，并希望借此进一步能有更多有价值的考古发现。1.A。事实细节题。根据文章第二段中Archaeologists (考古学家) first. discovered. several. coins laying on the ground :at the entrance to a small cave in the woodlands outside Grado in northern Spain in April2021可知，答案选A项。2.D。推理判断题。根据文章第三段中They*described the discovery as an.exceptional find'”可知，答案选D项。3.B。指代判断题。根据文章第四段中“local people may have buried .their coins to keep them:safe”的句意可知，考古学家认为古人在历史动荡时期将硬币掩埋是为了保证“硬币”的安全，答案选B项。4.A。推理判断题。文章最后一段介绍了研究人员根据已有发现的猜测和继续研究的计划.结命- Alfense.FanjulPeraza的话可知，此次发现的金币可能会带来更多的考古发现，答案选A项。 Passage B How does it feel when you solve u problem by yourself? Things may not always go to plan, but being resourceful can help you stay calm and work your way out of tricky situations.Being resourceful means finding smart and creative ways to solve a problem, using whatever resources you have at the time.   1   They can also be anything else that’s useful, such as information, advice or your own experience. It also means trusting your instincts,the ability, you’re born with rather than though or training, and being confident about your ability to face challenges. A resourceful person is not the one getting cross or panicking when something goes wrong. They’re thinkingabout how to sole the problem.   2    when we learn to problem-solve for ourselves rather than immediately going to others for help, it can help to build our confidence, help us feel more independent, and feel better about making decisions. Being resourceful may not help you avoid problems, but thinking creatively about how you can deal with them will make you feel less stressed and more prepared next time.   3    This can boost self-esteem, that is, how you feel about yourself.When you’re facing a challenge, try to focus on the actual problem rather than how you feel about it. Think about where and when it happened and what the causes are. Next, think up as many solutions to the problem as you can.   4    Finally, review what has and hasn’t worked, so you’re equipped to deal with a situation next time.And remember, if you have a tricky problem that you’re unable to solve, then ask a trusted adult for help.     5    A.You also learn what you're good at.B. Here is how you can be more resourceful.C. These may be practical things like pens and paper.D. No one is expected to solve all problems by themselves.E. Resourcefulness is a skill that's good for you in lots of ways.。F. They can be famous mottoes that always inspire us to move on.G. Weigh up what's good and bad about each one and choose the best文章是说明文，给我们讲述了随机应变的意义，好处及面对困境时应该如何有效地应对。。1.F.考查细节句。结构衔接。根据空格后-句They can also be...可知，空格处应该为They can be....故选F项(它们可以是激励你前行的座右铭。)。2.E。考查主题句。空格位于段落首句，应该是本段落的中心句。根据后..it can help.. ..may. not' he... but can...可知，本题选E (随机应变是一个在很多方面都对你有好处的技能)。空格Resourcefulness与空后Being resourceful是同义复现。3.A。考查细节句。本段是围绕“随机应变的好处”展开的，故选A项(你也可以了解到你擅长的东西)。4.G。考查细节句。结合空格前一句think up as many solutions to the problem as you can (想出尽可能多的解决办法)可知，答案选G项(衡量每个办法的正反面，并选择最佳的解决办法)。5.D。考查细节句。结合空格前一句ask a trusted adult for help (像一位可信赖的成年人寻求帮助)可知，应选D项(没有一个人可以独自解决所有问题)。Passage C My story is pretty simple and it's still unfolding. My in-laws are in their eighties and facing many ___1___ problems. My father-in-law has mild Parkinson（帕金森病）. Recently after an incident with the ancient plumbing（管道系统）at their house, my father-in-law came to ___2___ with us. He has stayed with us before for a few days to give my mother-in-law a break. The last time was for two weeks and a half. This time it's been a month and ___3___ . When we bought our house a couple summers ago we made sure to get one with a（n） ___4___ bedroom so we would have this as a（n） ___5___ .I feel that my father-in-law's ___6___ helps us be more of who we were ___7___ to be. I don't know how long we'll be able to manage having him with us as his condition ___8___ , but we're ___9___ to making it work as long as we're able. We are ___10___ that our work situations allow someone to be home with him ___11___ .Recently we bought him a used Airdyne. This is a very ___12___ exercise bike that works the arms and legs, and he ___13___ to use one a lot many years ago. When we went to see if the bike would still work for him now, in his condition, he climbed up ___14___ , rode for five minutes, got down and told the seller, "We'll ___15___ it." And after we got it into the home the next day and he climbed up once again, the look of ___16___ on his face as he started to operate it just ___17___ my being with joy. If anyone has the chance to bring a（n） ___18___ parent into their home, I encourage you to give it a（n） ___19___ . It might ___20___ better than you expected!1．A．health B．safety C．housing D．finance2．A．connect B．live C．help D．share3．A．working B．passing C．counting D．flying4．A．extra B．old C．grand D．bright5．A．honor B．decision C．possibility D．charge6．A．situation B．experience C．contribution D．presence7．A．taught B．reported C．meant D．persuaded8．A．progresses B．recovers C．completes D．pauses9．A．committed B．required C．urged D．permitted10．A．obvious B．fortunate C．certain D．proud11．A．in a hurry B．for the moment C．around the clock D．as a rule12．A．expensive B．novel C．heavy D．simple13．A．planned B．used C．happened D．learned14．A．randomly B．secretly C．enthusiastically D．carefully15．A．repair B．take C．quit D．exchange16．A．surprise B．anxiety C．happiness D．embarrassment17．A．supplied B．equipped C．varied D．filled18．A．poor B．elderly C．wealthy D．single19．A．answer B．chance C．hand D．try20．A．work out B．bring in C．turn up D．get around参考答案：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一家和作者的岳父一起生活的经历。1．考查名词词义辨析。A. health健康；B. safety安全；C. housing居住；D. finance金融。根据上文中的“My in-laws are in their eighties”和下文“My father-in-law has mild Parkinson (帕金森病).”可知，作者的岳父岳母已经80多岁了，岳父患有轻微的帕金森病。所以此处指他们面临很多健康问题。故选A。2．考查动词词义辨析。A. connect连接；B. live居住；C. help帮助；D. share分享。根据上文中的“Recently after an incident with the ancient plumbing (管道系统) at their house”和下文“He has stayed with us before for a few days to give my mother-in-law a break.”可知，因房子的旧管道出了问题，作者的岳父过来和他们住一段时间。故选B。3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次已经一个月了，而且还在继续。A. working工作；B. passing通过；C. counting计数；D. flying飞。根据上文中的“He has stayed with us before for a few days to give my mother-in-law a break. The last time was for two weeks and a half. This time it’s been a month and”可知，作者的岳父曾过来住过几天，上次住了两个半星期，这次已经一个月了，还会继续住下去。count意为“计数”，这里表示时间还在延续。故选C。4．考查形容词词义辨析。A. extra额外的；B. old旧的；C. grand盛大的；D. bright明亮的。根据上文中的“we made sure to get one with a(n)”及语境可知，几年前的夏天作者买房子时就确定要买一个带额外的卧室的房子。故选A。5．考查名词词义辨析。A. honor荣誉；B. decision决定；C. possibility可能性；D. charge收费。根据语境可知，此处表示买一个有额外的卧室的房子，这样作者就有可能让岳父住在家里的可能性。possibility意为“可能性”，符合语境。故选C。6．考查名词词义辨析。A. situation情况；B. experience经验；C. contribution贡献；D. presence在场。根据语境可知，此处表示岳父与作者一家人住在一起。presence意为“存在，在场”，符合语境。故选D。7．考查动词词义辨析。A. taught教；B. reported报道；C. meant意思是；D. persuaded说服。根据上文中的“helps us be more of who we were”及语境可知，岳父的存在帮助作者一家成为该成为的人。be meant to意为“理应，应该”，符合语境。故选C。8．考查动词词义辨析。A. progresses进步；B. recovers恢复；C. completes完成；D. pauses暂停。根据上文中的“as his condition”及语境可知，作者不知道随着岳父病情的发展，他还能让岳父和他们一起住多长时间。故选A。9．考查动词词义辨析。A. committed承诺；B. required要求；C. urged敦促；D. permitted允许。根据下文中的“to making it work as long as we’re able”及语境可知，虽然随着岳父病情的发展，作者不知道还能让他在身边待多久，但作者一家承诺只要有能力，他们就会竭尽所能。be committed to意为“承诺，保证”，符合语境。故选A。10．考查形容词词义辨析。A. obvious明显的；B. fortunate幸运的；C. certain一定的；D. proud自豪的。根据下文中的“that our work situations allow someone to be home with him”可知，作者一家的工作情况允许有一个人在家24小时陪伴他是很幸运的。故选B。11．考查介词短语词义辨析。A. in a hurry匆忙；B. for the moment暂时；C. around the clock全天候；D. as a rule通常。根据语境可知，此处表示有人能在家24小时陪伴岳父。around the clock意为“日夜不停，夜以继日”，符合语境。故选C。12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一款非常简单的健身车，可以锻炼手臂和腿部，很多年前他就使用过。A. expensive昂贵的；B. novel新颖的；C. heavy重的；D. simple简单的。根据下文中的“that works the arms and legs”及语境可知，Airdyne是一款非常简单的健身自行车。故选D。13．考查动词词义辨析。A. planned计划；B. used常常；C. happened发生；D. learned学习。根据下文中的“use one a lot many years ago”可知，岳父很多年前经常用这款车。used to do sth.意为“过去常常做某事”，符合语境。故选B。14．考查副词词义辨析。A. randomly随机；B. secretly偷偷地；C. enthusiastically热情地；D. carefully小心。根据上文岳父八十多岁了以及语境可知，岳父小心翼翼地爬上这辆自行车。故选D。15．考查动词词义辨析。A. repair修理；B. take取，买；C. quit退出；D. exchange交换。根据下文中的“And after we got it into the home the next day”可知，此表示岳父说：“我们要了。”take意为“买下”，符合语境。故选B。16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天我们把它搬进家里，他又爬了上来，他开始操作时脸上的幸福表情让我充满了喜悦。A. surprise惊喜；B. anxiety焦虑；C. happiness幸福；D. embarrassment尴尬。根据下文中的“being with joy”可知，岳父开始骑车时脸上的快乐让作者内心充满了喜悦。“joy”和“happiness”相呼应。故选C。17．考查动词词义辨析。A. supplied提供；B. equipped配备；C. varied变化；D. filled填充。根据“being with joy”可知，岳父开始骑车时脸上的快乐让作者内心充满了喜悦。fill...with...意为“使……充满……”，符合语境。故选D。18．考查形容词词义辨析。A. poor穷的；B. elderly年纪大的；C. wealthy富有的；D. single单身的。根据根据上文岳父八十多岁了可知，此处指的是年纪较大的父母。故选B。19．考查名词词义辨析。A. answer答案；B. chance机会；C. hand手；D. try尝试。根据语境可知，如果任何人有机会把年迈的父母带到自己家里，作者鼓励人们试一试。give a try 意为“尝试一下”，符合语境。故选D。20．考查动词短语词义辨析。A. work out进展；B. bring in引进；C. turn up出现；D. get around四处转转。根据下文中的“better than you expected”可知，结果可能比你预期的要好。work out意为“进展”，符合语境。故选A。