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- Unit 2 The universal language Part 3-2022版英语选择性必修第一册译林版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析） 试卷 2 次下载
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- Unit 3 The art of painting Part 2-2022版英语选择性必修第一册译林版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析） 试卷 2 次下载
- Unit 3 The art of painting Part 1-2022版英语选择性必修第一册译林版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析） 试卷 2 次下载
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Unit 2 The universal language 达标检测-2022版英语选择性必修第一册译林版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析）
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这是一份Unit 2 The universal language 达标检测-2022版英语选择性必修第一册译林版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析），共30页。
单元达标检测
(满分:120分;时间:100分钟)
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Top Summer Music Festivals to Travel to
Summer is the best time of a year for music lovers, especially if you love the outdoor concert scene. The festival season is just kicking off, and there is a lot to look forward to in the upcoming months.
Primavera Sound
To kick off the summer, there's no better place than Barcelona. On the concert line-up, you'll find bands and singers like The Zombies, The Arcade Fire, and Bon Iver. Then spend some time tasting the local food and wine.
May 31—June 4; Barcelona, Spain
Music Type: Rock, hip hop
Price: $86—$323
Governors Ball
One of the great summer concerts in New York City is the Governors Ball Music Festival, which takes place in early June at Randall's Island Park. Some of the playing artists and bands include Tool, Phoenix, Lorde, Flume, and Wu-Tang Clan.
June 3—5;New York City, USA
Music Type: Rock, hip hop, pop
Price: $ 105—$ 405
Bonnaroo
Bonnaroo is another summer event that draws in crowds of around 60,000 each year. Some of the most well-known musicians and bands will be playing this year, including U2, Red Hot Chili Peppers, The Weeknd, and Chance The Rapper.
June 8—11; Manchester, Tennessee, USA
Music Type: Rock, hip hop
Price: $ 210—$ 554
Firefly Music Festival
Many people haven't thought of going to Delaware for a summer vacation, but mid-June is a great time to plan this trip if you love music. Headliners for this year's show are The Weeknd, Muse, Twenty One Pilots, Chance The Rapper, and Bob Dylan.
June 15—18; Dover, Delaware, USA
Music Type: Blues, rock
Price: $ 179—$ 499
1.What is special about the Firefly Music Festival?
A.It performs blues.
B.It is popular with travelers.
C.It is held in summer.
D.It has many famous musicians.
2.When can you enjoy Flume's performance?
A.On May 31. B.On June 4.
C.On June 9. D.On June 15.
3.What can we know from the introduction?
A.These four music festivals are intended for music professionals.
B.The Zombies is a music game for students from the music school to play.
C.Some famous musicians will take part in the event to be held in Manchester.
D.Chance The Rapper will not tour around the world but just stay in one city.
B
Rock and roll music developed in the United States in the early nineteen-fifties. It was based on the music called rhythm and blues that was performed by African American musicians.
Early rock and roll singers developed their own kinds of music. Elvis Presley, Chuck Berry, The Beach Boys, and Bob Dylan were the most popular rock and roll musicians and band in the early 1960s. All were American. Then, in 1964, a new rock and roll group from England invaded America: The Beatles.
Some people say The Beatles' music shook America like an earthquake. The Beatles changed rock and roll forever. Their early songs were influenced by American rock and roll musicians, including Chuck Berry. But The Beatles looked different and sounded different from any musical group before them.
The Beatles released their first album in the United States in 1964, when all of the top five records in America were by The Beatles. In 1967, they released an album called Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band. It was one of the first “concept” albums. That is, all the songs were linked by a common story or idea.
The popularity of The Beatles led the way for more rock and roll bands from England to become popular in America. The Rolling Stones was the most important of these bands. The Rolling Stones is one of the few groups from the 1960s that is still performing and recording today. In 1965, the group recorded one of its most famous songs, Satisfaction.
By the 1970s, rock and roll music had become known as rock music. Experts say rock music regained some of the energy of early rock and roll. Bruce Springsteen and the E. Street Band became popular with their album Born to Run. Springsteen's music was like the lively rock and roll music of the early nineteen-sixties. Many of his songs were about social issues. He sang about the effects of unemployment and the war in Vietnam.
4.Which is the main topic of this passage?
A.The history of American music.
B.The development of rock and roll music.
C.The famous rock and roll groups.
D.The new forms of rock and roll music.
5.What do the underlined words in Paragraph 3 mean?
A.The Beatles' music was as violent as an earthquake in America.
B.The Beatles looked different because an earthquake hit America.
C.The Beatles' music had great effect on the rock and roll music in America.
D.The Beatles' music was greatly influenced by American rock and roll music.
6.Whose songs were mainly about social problems like unemployment and war?
A.Elvis Presley's. B.Bob Dylan's.
C.Chuck Berry's. D.Springsteen's.
7.What can we know from the passage?
A.One of the Rolling Stones' albums was called “concept”.
B.All of the top five records in America were by The Beatles in 1964.
C.The Rolling Stones was the only band that became popular in America.
D.All the most popular rock and roll musicians in the 1960s were American.
C
The school is much more than a place where students gather to learn. For children, school is their first opportunity for social development and introduction to people outside of their family unit. Lessons learned in school go beyond mathematics and language arts. Students learn to develop individual interests and find other people who share their interests.
Music is one of the ways like-minded children come together. When many people talk about the benefits of music education, they're quick to point out all of the numerous and measurable results of music education: many studies show the positive impact music programs can have on children in other areas of study.
Dr. Laurel Trainer, a professor of psychology at McMaster University, has found young children who take music lessons show different brain development and improved memory compared to children who do not receive musical training. Stanford University researchers have found that musical training improves how the brain processes the spoken word, a finding that researchers said could lead to improving the reading ability of children who have dyslexia and other reading problems.
Furthermore, in an analysis of data on more than 25,000 secondary school students, researchers at the United States Department of Education found that students who reported consistent involvement in instrumental music during middle school and high school performed significantly better in mathematics.
There are many reasons why music education can help to make a child a better student, and being involved in music is also a social endeavor(努力)that can set the course for lifelong friends and help create social groups that last through school and beyond. Music education breeds familiarity during a school career, when going from class to class or from school to school every year can be nerve-wracking and unfamiliar.
8.What is the function of the first paragraph?
A.To show the school is the place for students to learn.
B.To stress the importance of learning knowledge.
C.To lead to the main topic of the passage.
D.To explain what the author really thinks of.
9.What does the underlined word “dyslexia” mean?
A.Having difficulty in reading.
B.Receiving music training.
C.Gaining knowledge through learning.
D.Losing the ability to read music.
10.According to the researchers, we can know that .
A.music lovers tend to use their brain in a wise way
B.music training can cure children of many diseases
C.learning music is beneficial to students' performance in mathematics
D.senior students dislike attending music lessons
11.It can be concluded from the passage that .
A.music can ensure you have a lot of close friends
B.changing schools is a bad experience for everyone
C.music does offer social and understanding benefits
D.few schools really focus on music education
D
In all the world's cultures, people sing, play instruments, and celebrate with music. It plays such an important role in our lives that all fields focus on its study, including one looking at the biology of music. Experts are finding that because of the way our brains process music, learning to play an instrument or just listening to music can have a wide range of benefits.
Music education has received a lot of attention. Learning to play an instrument can help children improve math, science, and language skills. One study in Canada tracked children's IQ scores for nine months, discovering that children who studied music had the biggest test score improvements. The secret may lie in the way reading music and playing notes use several areas of the brain, thus increasing our ability to learn school subjects. For example, reading notes improves spatial(空间的) reasoning skills, which are helpful in solving math problems like fractions(分数).
Music is also used for medical purposes, such as the treatment of diseases which affect memory. The secret lies in the way the brain processes music. One area near the forehead, the medial prefrontal cortex, connects music with memories stored in two other areas: the amygdala and hippocampus. That's why an old song can remind you of something that happened years ago. For patients suffering from diseases like Alzheimer's, listening to music can help unlock buried memories.
With the evidence of music's benefits pouring in, it's no wonder some countries make music study a part of their education systems. People are recognizing that music is more than just a form of entertainment. It's also great for the brain.
12.People study music because .
A.music can be used for medical treatments
B.music plays a very important role in our lives
C.our brains can process music in different ways
D.music education has received a lot of attention
13.According to the Canadian study, which children had increased IQ scores?
A.Those who already had high IQs.
B.Those who had always played music.
C.Those who could not play any instrument.
D.Those who studied music for a period of time.
14.Which of the following is a kind of disease?
A.Spatial reasoning.
B.Alzheimer's.
C.The amygdala and hippocampus.
D.The medial prefrontal cortex.
15.What can be the best title for the text?
A.Music and mind
B.Music and health
C.Music and education
D.Music and instruments
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Muzak
The next time you go into a bank, a store, or a supermarket, stop and listen. What do you hear? 16 It's similar to the music you listen to, but it's not exactly the same. That's because this music is especially designed to relax you, or to give you extra energy. Sometimes you don't even realize the music is playing, but you react to the music anyway.
Quiet background music used to be called “elevator music” because we often heard it in elevators. But lately we hear it in more and more places, and it has a new name “Muzak”. About one-third of the people in America listen to “Muzak” every day. The music plays for 15 minutes at a time, with short pauses in between. It is always more lively between ten and eleven in the morning, and between three and four in the afternoon, when people are more tired. 17
If you listen to Muzak carefully, you will probably recognize the names of many of the songs. Some musicians or songwriters don't want their songs to be used as Muzak, but others are happy when their songs are chosen. Why? 18
Music is often played in public places because it is designed to make people feel less lonely when they are in an airport or a hotel. It has been proven that Muzak does what it is designed to do. Tired office workers suddenly have more energy when they hear the pleasant sound of Muzak in the background. 19 Supermarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries. 20 They say it's boring to hear the same songs all the time. But other people enjoy hearing Muzak in public places. They say it helps them relax and feel calm. One way or another, Muzak affects everyone. Some farmers even say their cows give more milk when they hear Muzak!
A.Some people don't like Muzak.
B.The music gives them extra energy.
C.Music is playing in the background.
D.Factory workers produce 13 percent more.
E.Muzak tends to help people understand music better.
F.They will get as much as $4 million a year if their songs are used.
G.Muzak is played in most of the big supermarkets in the world.
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Should you listen to music when you work?
Do you like to listen to music when you work?Ask this question at a party, and you'll probably get 21 responses. Some will say they love it, claiming that it improves their performance; others will say they find it distracting(分散注意力的)and cannot work 22 with music playing in the background.
Interestingly enough, our research has found that both of these viewpoints can be true. It just 23 on what sort of work you're doing.
In a recent study, we brought participants into our lab to perform a variety of tasks. They included a(n) 24 task—searching through word lists and crossing out words containing the letter “a” and a more difficult task—memorizing word pairs and 25 the word to its partner. Some participants completed all of the tasks in silence, 26 others completed the tasks with instrumental music that was either loud or soft, and either simple or complex, the latter meaning music with more instruments being played. Several key findings 27 from our study.
We found that participants who listened to simple music or no music performed about the same on the easy task. However, participants who listened to 28 music performed best on the easy task.
On the contrary, participants performed worse on the more difficult task when they listened to any music, regardless of complexity or volume, compared to those who didn't listen to any music.
How should we 29 these findings?They suggest that people have limited mental resources which both 30 and tasks can draw. We can become 31 and our minds may wander when these resources are not fully used. But we can also become over-excited and 32 when these resources are used up.
Not surprisingly, we typically need to use fewer of our mental resources when we perform easy tasks, whereas demanding tasks require more brainpower. However, because we might be less 33 during easier tasks, there's a greater risk of drifting off. Music might give us the extra 34 we need to overcome the monotony(单调). However, difficult tasks already demand a lot of our resources. Listening to music can become too much.
So best 35 should appear when we strike “sweet spot”, which may depend on the type of music and the type of task.
21.A.fixed B.similar
C.various D.positive
22.A.effectively B.immediately
C.exactly D.happily
23.A.depends B.focuses
C.carries D.takes
24.A.unpleasant B.familiar
C.impossible D.easy
25.A.matching B.realizing
C.suggesting D.creating
26.A.until B.while
C.since D.when
27.A.faded B.appeared
C.survived D.responded
28.A.dull B.reliable
C.necessary D.complex
29.A.make up for B.make out
C.make use of D.make up
30.A.music B.work
C.study D.culture
31.A.surprised B.bored
C.afraid D.proud
32.A.interested B.distracted
C.pleased D.worried
33.A.disgusted B.embarrassed
C.frightened D.engaged
34.A.obstacle B.push
C.opportunity D.rule
35.A.action B.program
C.performance D.problem
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Music technology 36 (be) a kind of technology to musical arts. It is the use of a sequencer(音序器)and software or electronic devices(设备). Sometimes music technology 37 (consider) as sound technology. Although these two fields may sound similar, they are in fact 38 (complete) different. Music technology contains the composition, recording, while sound technology may only contain the production of different sounds.
39 great number of universities offer study programs 40 students who study music. In these programs, students can learn about technical and scientific applications as well as study acoustic(声音的)science, programming, music theory, and business 41 (lesson) related to the music field. Students can expect 42 (learn) digital recording, digital sound processing and editing and more to improve 43 (they) abilities.
Because music technology is a mixture of music and technology, those 44 study it need understand both. They should have abilities to read music and play a traditional 45 (music) instrument as well as a sound understanding.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华,你的美国笔友Peter来信与你交流对音乐的看法以及你喜欢的音乐形式及原因。请你用英语给他回复一封邮件。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear peter,
I am very glad to have the chance to share my opinions about music and my favorite music with you.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
The famous classical pianist, Kong Xiangdong, surprised his fans last week by giving a concert combining classical music with Chinese folk music. Kong explained that he tried this because he wanted to create something new. “As a musician, playing the same music in different cities of the world is very boring,” says Kong. He also feels that playing Chinese folk music on the piano can help bring it to the rest of the world.
Music has always been part of Kong's world. As his mother was a great music lover, he lived with music from birth. But it wasn't always easy for the young Kong Xiangdong. His mother couldn't buy him a piano until he was seven. She had to draw piano keys on a piece of paper so that he could learn to play as early as possible. The 5-year-old Kong would practice on the paper piano as his mother clapped the rhythm. He was made to practice the piano so much that, at times, he thought about giving up. However, he didn't quit, and he became a great pianist. In 1986, at the age of 18, he became the youngest prize winner in Moscow's Tchaikovsky International Music Competition. He went on to win awards in competitions across the world.
Because of Kong's talent and hard work, he became famous worldwide. But after years of performing, he felt that in some ways he had lost his identity. That was why he went back to his roots and rediscovered the beauty of Chinese folk music. He began experimenting with different styles and his Dream Tour Concert was the result.
Kong's new experiment in Chinese folk music was so important to him that he even changed his appearance. Before he arrived at his concert last week, he had shaved off all his hair! Since his music style was new, he decided his hairstyle had to be new too!
Whether Kong is changing his appearance or transforming his music, he is a pioneer in music today. The concert last week was such a success that Kong's Dream Tour Concert is expected to run for the next two years in Beijing, Shanghai, and other main cities before going to Paris and New York.
单元达标检测
1.A
2.B
3.C
4.B
5.C
6.D
7.B
8.C
9.A
10.C
11.C
12.B
13.D
14.B
15.A
16.C
17.B
18.F
19.D
20.A
21.C
22.A
23.A
24.D
25.A
26.B
27.B
28.D
29.B
30.A
31.B
32.B
33.D
34.B
35.C
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个夏季音乐节的详细情况,包括音乐节特色、参加演出的音乐家、举办的时间地点、音乐类型和票价。
1.A 细节理解题。比较每个活动的音乐类型(Music Type)可知,Firefly Music Festival的独特之处在于其有布鲁斯音乐(blues)。故选A。题干的关键词是special,而B、C、D三个选项所提及的“受游客欢迎”、“在夏季举办”、“有很多著名音乐人”是四个音乐节的共同之处。
2.B 细节理解题。根据文章Governors Ball中的Some of the playing artists and bands include Tool, Phoenix, Lorde, Flume, and Wu-Tang Clan.(一些演奏艺术家和乐队包括Tool、Phoenix、Lorde、Flume和Wu-Tang Clan。)可知该音乐节中有 Flume的表演,演出时间是June 3—5,选项B“6月4日”在此期间。故选B。
3.C 细节理解题。根据文章Bonnaroo中的Some of the most well-known musicians and bands will be playing this year, including U2, Red Hot Chili Peppers, The Weeknd, and Chance The Rapper.(一些最出名的音乐家和乐队将在今年演出,包括U2、Red Hot Chili Peppers、The Weeknd和Chance The Rapper。)并结合June 8—11; Manchester, Tennessee, USA(6月8日—11日;曼彻斯特,美国田纳西州)可知,一些著名的音乐家将参加在曼彻斯特举行的活动。故选C。由文章首句Summer is the best time of a year for music lovers...可知,四场音乐节都是为音乐爱好者举办的,故排除A项;由文中On the concert line-up, you'll find bands and singers like The Zombies, The Arcade Fire, and Bon Iver.一句可知,The Zombies是乐队的名字,故排除B项;由文章内容可知,第三、四个音乐节中都有Chance The Rapper的表演,故排除D项。
【高频词汇】 1.kick off开始 2.look forward to期待 3.take place发生,举行 4.draw in使参与 5.think of考虑;打算
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了摇滚乐的起源及发展,以及一些非常著名的摇滚乐队和歌手。
4.B 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的Rock and roll music developed in the United States in the early nineteen-fifties. 及下文内容可知,这篇文章主要讲了摇滚乐的发展。故选B。A项“美国音乐的历史”范围太大;C项“著名的摇滚乐队”是文章内容的一方面,但不是主要内容;文章讲摇滚乐的发展,但没有介绍摇滚乐的新形式,故排除D。
5.C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的The Beatles changed rock and roll forever. Their early songs were influenced by American rock and roll musicians, including Chuck Berry.(甲壳虫乐队永远地改变了摇滚乐。他们早期的歌曲受到美国摇滚音乐家的影响,包括查克·贝里。)由此推知,画线部分运用了比喻的修辞手法,其表达的意思是“甲壳虫乐队的音乐对美国的摇滚乐产生了很大的影响”。故选C。同时,可排除D项“甲壳虫乐队的音乐受到美国摇滚乐的巨大影响”。A项“甲壳虫乐队的音乐像美国的地震一样强烈”;B项“甲壳虫乐队看起来不同,因为一场地震袭击了美国”。
6.D 细节理解题。根据题干关键词social problems可定位到文章最后一段,该段中的Springsteen's music was like the lively rock and roll music of the early nineteen-sixties. Many of his songs were about social issues.(斯普林斯汀的音乐就像二十世纪六十年代早期活跃的摇滚乐,他的许多歌曲都是关于社会问题的。)由此可知,Springsteen的歌主要是关于一些社会问题的。故选D。
7.B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的The Beatles released their first album in the United States in 1964, when all of the top five records in America were by The Beatles.(甲壳虫乐队于1964年在美国发行了他们的第一张专辑,当时美国所有排名前五的唱片都是甲壳虫乐队的。)可知,在1964年,美国所有排名前五的唱片都是甲壳虫乐队的。故选B。由第四段可知,1967年,甲壳虫乐队发行的专辑是首批“概念”专辑之一,而不是滚石乐队的专辑之一叫“概念”,故排除A项;由第五段前两句可知,甲壳虫乐队的流行引领了更多英国摇滚乐队在美国开始流行,滚石乐队是这些乐队中最重要的一支,但并不是唯一一支,故排除C项;由第二段最后一句可知,在1964年,英国的甲壳虫乐队在美国开始流行,故排除D项。
【高频词汇】 1.be based on以……为基础 2.influence vt.影响
3.release v.发行;公布 4.concept n.概念 5.become known as作为……而出名
C
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了音乐教育能够帮助孩子更好地发展,开发孩子的智力,增强记忆力。
8.C 推理判断题。根据第一段可知,学校不仅仅是学生聚在一起学习的地方。对孩子们来说,上学是他们发展社交、结识家庭之外的人的第一次机会。在学校学生们学会培养个人兴趣,并寻找与自己兴趣相同的人。而随后第二段提到音乐教育的重要性,因此第一段的作用就是引出主题。故选C。A项“为了展示学校是学生学习的地方”,B项“为了强调学习知识的重要性”,D项“为了解释作者实际上在想什么”均无法概括本段的作用。
9.A 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的other reading problems可推断该词指的是一种“阅读问题”。故选A。B项“接受音乐培训”;C项“通过学习获得知识”;D项“失去读乐谱的能力”。
10.C 细节理解题。根据题干关键词researchers定位到文章第四段,由...students who reported consistent involvement in instrumental music during middle school and high school performed significantly better in mathematics.可知学音乐有利于孩子的数学学习。故选C。A项“音乐爱好者往往以明智的方式使用大脑”;B项“音乐训练可以治愈儿童的多种疾病”;D项“高年级的学生不喜欢上音乐课”。
11.C 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的improving the reading ability、第四段中的performed significantly better in mathematics和第五段中的set the course for lifelong friends and help create social groups that last through school and beyond可知音乐确实对社交和理解力有益。故选C。A项“音乐可以确保你交到很多亲密的朋友”中“确保”过于绝对;B项“转学对每个人来说都是不好的经历”和D项“很少有学校真正关注音乐教育”文中均未提及。
【高频词汇】 1.more than不仅仅 2.share vt.有同样的感情(或想法、经历等) 3.point out指出 4.compared to与……相比 5.process vt.加工,处理 6.be involved in参与……
原句 There are many reasons why music education can help to make a child a better student, and being involved in music is also a social endeavor that can set the course for lifelong friends and help create social groups that last through school and beyond.
分析 本句是并列复合句,句中第一个and连接两个并列分句;第一个分句中why引导定语从句,先行词为reasons。
句意 音乐教育可以帮助使孩子成为一个更好的学生,这是有很多原因的,而且参与音乐也是一种社交努力,这种努力可以为(交到)终生的朋友设定方向,并帮助创建在上学期间及之后一直存在的社交群体。
D
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了音乐和大脑的关系,学习演奏乐器或者听音乐有很多益处。
12.B 细节理解题。从第一段中的It plays such an important role in our lives that all fields focus on its study, including one looking at the biology of music.可知,人们研究音乐是因为它在我们的生活中起着重要的作用,故选B项。C项“我们的大脑可以以不同的方式加工处理音乐”文中未提及;A项“音乐可以用于医疗”和D项“音乐教育受到了很多关注”都具有片面性。
13.D 细节理解题。根据题干关键词the Canadian study定位到文章第二段,由该段中One study in Canada tracked children's IQ scores for nine months, discovering that children who studied music had the biggest test score improvements.一句可知,学习过音乐的孩子智商的提高最大,故选D项。A项“那些已经拥有高智商的人”;B项“那些一直播放音乐的人”;C项“不会演奏任何乐器的人”。
14.B 推理判断题。从第三段中For patients suffering from diseases like Alzheimer's, listening to music can help unlock buried memories.一句可知,like一词体现举例说明,因此Alzheimer's是一种病。故选B项。由第二段中的spatial reasoning skills可知,A项指的是一种技能。由第三段第三句可知,C、D选项均指的大脑的区域。
15.A 主旨大意题。纵观全文尤其是文章最后两句People are recognizing that music is more than just a form of entertainment. It's also great for the brain.可知,这篇文章讲的是音乐和大脑的关系,故选A项。
【高频词汇】 1.play an important role in在……中起重要作用
2.field n.领域 3.a wide range of各种各样的 4.track vt.追踪 5.lie in在于
原句 Experts are finding that because of the way our brains process music, learning to play an instrument or just listening to music can have a wide range of benefits.
分析 本句是主从复合句,句中that为连接词,引导一个宾语从句。way后为定语从句,省略了关系词that或in which。动名词短语learning to...or just listening to music作宾语从句的主语。
句意 专家们发现,由于我们大脑处理音乐的方式,学习演奏乐器或仅仅是听音乐都会有很多好处。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了米尤扎克背景音乐(Muzak)。
16.C 根据空格前一句的提问,可以判断此处是对前句的回答,并引出下文。结合后句中It's similar to the music you listen to...中的关键词It及music可知,选C(正在播放背景音乐。)。
17.B 空格前句指出Muzak这种音乐通常在人们特别累的时候播放,下文应叙述这种音乐给人们带来的益处,tired和energy相呼应。故选B(这种音乐给他们额外的能量。)。
18.F 前文提到一些音乐家或作曲家不愿意他们的作品被用作Muzak,而其他人愿意。根据空前Why?可知空格处填入句应该是对前面提出的疑问的回答。空格处讲述原因,故选F(如果歌曲被使用,他们每年将得到多达400万美元。)。
19.D 空格前一句提到Tired office workers,空格后一句提到Supermarket shoppers,可知设空处也在举例说明Muzak does what it is designed to do,故选D(工厂工人多生产13%。)。
20.A 根据下文的But other people enjoy hearing Muzak in public places.可知此处与下文之间是转折关系,故选A(有些人不喜欢米尤扎克背景音乐。)。
【高频词汇】 1.be similar to和……相似 2.react vi.作出反应 3.used to do...过去常常做…… 4.at a time每次;一次 5.all the time始终,一直 6.tend to do...往往做……
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章通过“你上班时会听音乐吗?”这一问题展开研究,发现两种完全相反但又真实存在的观点。无论音乐是提高了工作效率还是分散了注意力,都取决于音乐类型和工作类型。
21.C 句意:在聚会上问这个问题,你大概会得到各种各样的(various)回答。fixed固定的;similar 相似的;positive积极的。根据下文Some will say...; others will say...可以推断出,对于上班时是否喜欢听音乐这个问题,人们会有各种各样的回答。故选C。
22.A 句意:……其他人会说他们觉得这会分散注意力并且他们无法在播放着音乐的背景下有效地(effectively)工作。immediately 立刻地;exactly 精确地;happily快乐地。根据前文others will say they find it distracting可知此处指注意力被分散,故不能有效地工作。故选A。
23.A 句意:这只是取决于(depends)你在做哪一类工作。focus聚焦;carry携带;take拿,取。根据最后一段中的depend on the type of music and the type of task可知背景音乐是否有助于工作取决于你做什么类型的工作。depend on意为“依靠;取决于”。故选A。
24.D 句意:在最近的一项研究中,我们将参与者带到实验室来执行各种任务。它们包括一项简单的(easy)任务——在单词表中搜索并划掉包含字母“a”的单词,以及一项更困难的任务——记忆词组并将单词与其对应词配对。unpleasant 不快乐的;familiar 熟悉的;impossible 不可能的。根据下文crossing out words containing the letter “a” (划掉包含字母“a”的单词)和a more difficult task可知空处填入“简单的”。故选D。
25.A 句意见上一题。realize意识到;suggest建议;create创造。根据上文memorizing word pairs及下文to its partner可知此处指单词配对。故选A。
26.B 句意:一些参与者在安静的环境中完成了所有的任务,而(while)另一些参与者则在要么响亮要么柔和、要么简单要么复杂的器乐声中完成了任务,后者意味着用更多乐器演奏的音乐。 until 直到……;since自从;when 当……的时候。根据句意可知前后文之间是带有鲜明对比的转折关系。故选B。
27.B 句意:我们的研究中出现了(appeared)几个关键发现。fade褪色;survive幸免;respond作出反应。根据下文We found that...可知,研究中出现了几个关键发现。故选B。
28.D 句意:然而,听复杂(complex)音乐的参与者在简单的任务中表现最好。dull 乏味的,单调的;reliable 可依靠的;necessary 有必要的。根据上文中的simple music or no music以及However体现出上下句之间存在逻辑上的转折关系,由此可知此处表示“复杂的音乐”。故选D。
29.B 句意:我们应该如何理解(make out)这些发现?make up for 弥补,补偿;make use of利用;make up编造,化妆。根据下文We suggest that...可知,下文是对上文“我们如何理解这些发现”的解释。故选B。
30.A 句意:它们表明,音乐(music)和任务能够吸引的人们的脑力资源有限。work 工作;study 学习,研究;culture文化。根据前文讨论的听音乐与工作之间的关系的细节描述可知此处应填入music。故选A。
31.B 句意:当这些资源没有得到充分利用时,我们可能会变得无聊(bored),我们的思想可能会开小差。surprised 吃惊的;afraid 害怕的;proud骄傲的。空格处与下文our minds may wander是并列关系,结合选项可知B选项bored与下文语义衔接恰当,故选B。
32.B 句意:但是,当这些资源耗尽时,我们也可能会变得过度兴奋和思想不集中(distracted)。interested 感兴趣的;pleased高兴的;worried 担心的。根据上文also一词可知,此空应和上文wander语义并列。故选B。
33.D 句意:然而,因为我们在更简单的任务中可能没那么投入(engaged),所以睡着的风险更大。disgusted厌恶的;embarrassed尴尬的;frightened 害怕的。根据上文we typically need to use fewer of our mental resources when we perform easy tasks可知,我们执行简单的任务时,通常需要使用较少的脑力资源,一般不会特别投入。故选D。
34.B 句意:音乐可能会给予我们克服单调所需的额外激励(push)。obstacle障碍;opportunity 机会;rule规则。根据下文we need to overcome the monotony及上文描述的音乐的积极作用,可知音乐有激励作用。故选B。
35.C 句意:所以,最佳表现(performance)应该出现在我们达到“最佳击球点”时,这可能取决于音乐类型和任务类型。action 行动;program节目;计划;problem问题。根据句意及第二段中claiming that it improves their performance可知此处指工作表现取决于音乐类型和工作类型。故选C。
【高频词汇】 1.depend on取决于 2.in silence静静地 3.regardless of不管,不顾 4.wander vi.走神;开小差 5.use up用光,用尽
原句 Not surprisingly, we typically need to use fewer of our mental resources when we perform easy tasks, whereas demanding tasks require more brainpower.
分析 本句是并列复合句,句中whereas为并列连词,表示前后是转折关系;第一个分句中,when引导的是一个时间状语从句。
句意 不足为奇的是,当我们执行简单的任务时,我们的脑力资源消耗通常更少,而要求高的任务则需要更多的脑力。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了音乐技术的含义以及学习音乐技术要学哪些内容。
36.is 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:音乐技术对音乐艺术来说就是一种技术。本句叙述的是客观事实,要用一般现在时。句子的主语是Music technology,为单数,故填is。
37.is considered 考查时态和语态。句意:有时音乐技术被认为是声音技术。本句叙述的是现在的事,要用一般现在时,本句的主语music technology和动词consider构成被动关系,故用被动语态,故填is considered。
38.completely 考查副词。句意:尽管这两个领域可能听起来相似,但实际上它们是完全不同的。空格处修饰形容词different,故用副词completely。
39.A 考查固定搭配。句意:许多大学为学音乐的学生提供学习课程。a great number of...为固定搭配,意为“许多……,大量的……”。故填A。
40.to 考查介词。句意见上一题。此处使用了固定结构offer sth. to sb.,意为“提供某物给某人”,to为介词。故填to。
41.lessons 考查名词复数。句意:在这些课程里,学生可以学习技术和科学应用,也可以学习声学、编程、乐理和与音乐领域相关的商业课。lesson为可数名词,根据常识可知,学生学习的课不止一节,故填lessons。
42.to learn 考查非谓语动词。句意:学生可以期望学习数字录制、数字声音处理和编辑等来提高他们的能力。expect to do sth.为固定搭配,意为“期望做某事”,故填to learn。
43.their 考查代词。句意同上一题。空格处在句中作定语修饰名词abilities,要用形容词性物主代词,故填their。
44.who 考查定语从句。句意:因为音乐技术是音乐和技术的混合体,所以那些学习它的人需要两者都了解。设空处引导定语从句,those是先行词,关系词在定语从句中作主语,指人,故填who。
45.musical 考查形容词。句意:他们应该有识乐谱和演奏传统乐器的能力以及良好的理解。musical instrument意为“乐器”,形容词musical修饰名词instrument。故填musical。
【高频词汇】 1.field n.领域 2.a great number of 许多,大量的
3.be related to...与……有关 4.recording n.录制;录音;录像
5.mixture n.混合物
原句 In these programs, students can learn about technical and scientific applications as well as study acoustic science, programming, music theory, and business lessons related to the music field.
分析 本句是一个简单句,句中as well as连接两个并列的谓语,related to the music field为过去分词短语作定语,修饰lessons。
句意 在这些课程里,学生可以学习技术和科学应用,也可以学习声学、编程、乐理和与音乐领域相关的商业课。
第三部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Dear Peter,
I am very glad to have the chance to share my opinions about music and my favorite music with you. Music plays an important role in our life. It can make us feel relaxed both mentally and physically, thus helping reduce our pressure of study. What's more, it can excite and encourage us whenever we meet trouble because of its comforting and inspiring effect. Besides, music can be of great help for us to understand other cultures.
I like both pop music and traditional music. Pop music can bring me excitement and lovely tunes. Traditional music shows me the peaceful side of the world and can even lead me to pursue the true meaning of life.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文的主题语境是人与社会,语篇类型是记叙文,主要介绍了古典钢琴家孔祥东在他的音乐会上将古典音乐与中国民间音乐结合起来,目的是把中国民间音乐带到全世界。在母亲的影响下,孔祥东从小就学会了弹钢琴,但他的成功之路并不容易。由于他的才华和努力,他在比赛中赢得了许多大奖,享誉世界。多年的古典音乐表演让他感觉失去了自己的身份,于是他转向了中国的民间音乐。孔祥东尝试了不同的音乐风格,被认为是当今音乐界的先驱。
脉络分析
写作建议
1.细读原文。首先要仔细阅读短文,掌握文章主旨,例如本文是一篇人物介绍。
2.弄清结构,归纳段意。概要写作是写全文概要,不是写某一部分的概要,或者就某些问题写出要点。因此一定要弄清文章结构,归纳文章各段大意。
3.列出原文要点。分析原文的内容和结构,将内容分项扼要表述并注意结构上的顺序,在此基础上选出与文章主题密切相关的部分。
4.在写作时要特别注意下面几点:
(1)概要应包括原文中的主要事实,略去不必要的细节。在本文中,孔祥东在幼年时期学习钢琴时遇到了很多障碍,在概要写作中不需要面面俱到,只需要总结出not easy即可。
(2)安排好篇幅的比例,概要应同原文保持协调,即用较多的文字写重要内容,用较少的文字写次要内容。
(3)注意要点之间的衔接,要用适当的关联词语贯通全文,切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子,但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语,以免显得生硬。
(4)不排斥用原文的某些词句,但不要照搬原文的句子,如果不能完全用自己的话语表达,至少对原文做一些同义词替换,如果结构上也能有一些转换会更好。如原文中有Because of Kong's talent and hard work, he became famous worldwide.一句,在概要写作中可转换为Due to his talent and great efforts, he became renowned worldwide...。
(5)计算词数,看是否符合规定的词数要求。
One possible version:
Kong Xiangdong, a classical pianist, performed the classical music combined with Chinese folk music.(要点1) Influenced by his mom, Kong Xiangdong learned to play the piano from an early age but his way to success is not easy.(要点2) Due to his talent and great efforts, he became renowned worldwide for winning many great awards and is regarded as the pioneer in music for his new experiment in Chinese folk music.(要点3)
单元达标检测
(满分:120分;时间:100分钟)
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Top Summer Music Festivals to Travel to
Summer is the best time of a year for music lovers, especially if you love the outdoor concert scene. The festival season is just kicking off, and there is a lot to look forward to in the upcoming months.
Primavera Sound
To kick off the summer, there's no better place than Barcelona. On the concert line-up, you'll find bands and singers like The Zombies, The Arcade Fire, and Bon Iver. Then spend some time tasting the local food and wine.
May 31—June 4; Barcelona, Spain
Music Type: Rock, hip hop
Price: $86—$323
Governors Ball
One of the great summer concerts in New York City is the Governors Ball Music Festival, which takes place in early June at Randall's Island Park. Some of the playing artists and bands include Tool, Phoenix, Lorde, Flume, and Wu-Tang Clan.
June 3—5;New York City, USA
Music Type: Rock, hip hop, pop
Price: $ 105—$ 405
Bonnaroo
Bonnaroo is another summer event that draws in crowds of around 60,000 each year. Some of the most well-known musicians and bands will be playing this year, including U2, Red Hot Chili Peppers, The Weeknd, and Chance The Rapper.
June 8—11; Manchester, Tennessee, USA
Music Type: Rock, hip hop
Price: $ 210—$ 554
Firefly Music Festival
Many people haven't thought of going to Delaware for a summer vacation, but mid-June is a great time to plan this trip if you love music. Headliners for this year's show are The Weeknd, Muse, Twenty One Pilots, Chance The Rapper, and Bob Dylan.
June 15—18; Dover, Delaware, USA
Music Type: Blues, rock
Price: $ 179—$ 499
1.What is special about the Firefly Music Festival?
A.It performs blues.
B.It is popular with travelers.
C.It is held in summer.
D.It has many famous musicians.
2.When can you enjoy Flume's performance?
A.On May 31. B.On June 4.
C.On June 9. D.On June 15.
3.What can we know from the introduction?
A.These four music festivals are intended for music professionals.
B.The Zombies is a music game for students from the music school to play.
C.Some famous musicians will take part in the event to be held in Manchester.
D.Chance The Rapper will not tour around the world but just stay in one city.
B
Rock and roll music developed in the United States in the early nineteen-fifties. It was based on the music called rhythm and blues that was performed by African American musicians.
Early rock and roll singers developed their own kinds of music. Elvis Presley, Chuck Berry, The Beach Boys, and Bob Dylan were the most popular rock and roll musicians and band in the early 1960s. All were American. Then, in 1964, a new rock and roll group from England invaded America: The Beatles.
Some people say The Beatles' music shook America like an earthquake. The Beatles changed rock and roll forever. Their early songs were influenced by American rock and roll musicians, including Chuck Berry. But The Beatles looked different and sounded different from any musical group before them.
The Beatles released their first album in the United States in 1964, when all of the top five records in America were by The Beatles. In 1967, they released an album called Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band. It was one of the first “concept” albums. That is, all the songs were linked by a common story or idea.
The popularity of The Beatles led the way for more rock and roll bands from England to become popular in America. The Rolling Stones was the most important of these bands. The Rolling Stones is one of the few groups from the 1960s that is still performing and recording today. In 1965, the group recorded one of its most famous songs, Satisfaction.
By the 1970s, rock and roll music had become known as rock music. Experts say rock music regained some of the energy of early rock and roll. Bruce Springsteen and the E. Street Band became popular with their album Born to Run. Springsteen's music was like the lively rock and roll music of the early nineteen-sixties. Many of his songs were about social issues. He sang about the effects of unemployment and the war in Vietnam.
4.Which is the main topic of this passage?
A.The history of American music.
B.The development of rock and roll music.
C.The famous rock and roll groups.
D.The new forms of rock and roll music.
5.What do the underlined words in Paragraph 3 mean?
A.The Beatles' music was as violent as an earthquake in America.
B.The Beatles looked different because an earthquake hit America.
C.The Beatles' music had great effect on the rock and roll music in America.
D.The Beatles' music was greatly influenced by American rock and roll music.
6.Whose songs were mainly about social problems like unemployment and war?
A.Elvis Presley's. B.Bob Dylan's.
C.Chuck Berry's. D.Springsteen's.
7.What can we know from the passage?
A.One of the Rolling Stones' albums was called “concept”.
B.All of the top five records in America were by The Beatles in 1964.
C.The Rolling Stones was the only band that became popular in America.
D.All the most popular rock and roll musicians in the 1960s were American.
C
The school is much more than a place where students gather to learn. For children, school is their first opportunity for social development and introduction to people outside of their family unit. Lessons learned in school go beyond mathematics and language arts. Students learn to develop individual interests and find other people who share their interests.
Music is one of the ways like-minded children come together. When many people talk about the benefits of music education, they're quick to point out all of the numerous and measurable results of music education: many studies show the positive impact music programs can have on children in other areas of study.
Dr. Laurel Trainer, a professor of psychology at McMaster University, has found young children who take music lessons show different brain development and improved memory compared to children who do not receive musical training. Stanford University researchers have found that musical training improves how the brain processes the spoken word, a finding that researchers said could lead to improving the reading ability of children who have dyslexia and other reading problems.
Furthermore, in an analysis of data on more than 25,000 secondary school students, researchers at the United States Department of Education found that students who reported consistent involvement in instrumental music during middle school and high school performed significantly better in mathematics.
There are many reasons why music education can help to make a child a better student, and being involved in music is also a social endeavor(努力)that can set the course for lifelong friends and help create social groups that last through school and beyond. Music education breeds familiarity during a school career, when going from class to class or from school to school every year can be nerve-wracking and unfamiliar.
8.What is the function of the first paragraph?
A.To show the school is the place for students to learn.
B.To stress the importance of learning knowledge.
C.To lead to the main topic of the passage.
D.To explain what the author really thinks of.
9.What does the underlined word “dyslexia” mean?
A.Having difficulty in reading.
B.Receiving music training.
C.Gaining knowledge through learning.
D.Losing the ability to read music.
10.According to the researchers, we can know that .
A.music lovers tend to use their brain in a wise way
B.music training can cure children of many diseases
C.learning music is beneficial to students' performance in mathematics
D.senior students dislike attending music lessons
11.It can be concluded from the passage that .
A.music can ensure you have a lot of close friends
B.changing schools is a bad experience for everyone
C.music does offer social and understanding benefits
D.few schools really focus on music education
D
In all the world's cultures, people sing, play instruments, and celebrate with music. It plays such an important role in our lives that all fields focus on its study, including one looking at the biology of music. Experts are finding that because of the way our brains process music, learning to play an instrument or just listening to music can have a wide range of benefits.
Music education has received a lot of attention. Learning to play an instrument can help children improve math, science, and language skills. One study in Canada tracked children's IQ scores for nine months, discovering that children who studied music had the biggest test score improvements. The secret may lie in the way reading music and playing notes use several areas of the brain, thus increasing our ability to learn school subjects. For example, reading notes improves spatial(空间的) reasoning skills, which are helpful in solving math problems like fractions(分数).
Music is also used for medical purposes, such as the treatment of diseases which affect memory. The secret lies in the way the brain processes music. One area near the forehead, the medial prefrontal cortex, connects music with memories stored in two other areas: the amygdala and hippocampus. That's why an old song can remind you of something that happened years ago. For patients suffering from diseases like Alzheimer's, listening to music can help unlock buried memories.
With the evidence of music's benefits pouring in, it's no wonder some countries make music study a part of their education systems. People are recognizing that music is more than just a form of entertainment. It's also great for the brain.
12.People study music because .
A.music can be used for medical treatments
B.music plays a very important role in our lives
C.our brains can process music in different ways
D.music education has received a lot of attention
13.According to the Canadian study, which children had increased IQ scores?
A.Those who already had high IQs.
B.Those who had always played music.
C.Those who could not play any instrument.
D.Those who studied music for a period of time.
14.Which of the following is a kind of disease?
A.Spatial reasoning.
B.Alzheimer's.
C.The amygdala and hippocampus.
D.The medial prefrontal cortex.
15.What can be the best title for the text?
A.Music and mind
B.Music and health
C.Music and education
D.Music and instruments
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Muzak
The next time you go into a bank, a store, or a supermarket, stop and listen. What do you hear? 16 It's similar to the music you listen to, but it's not exactly the same. That's because this music is especially designed to relax you, or to give you extra energy. Sometimes you don't even realize the music is playing, but you react to the music anyway.
Quiet background music used to be called “elevator music” because we often heard it in elevators. But lately we hear it in more and more places, and it has a new name “Muzak”. About one-third of the people in America listen to “Muzak” every day. The music plays for 15 minutes at a time, with short pauses in between. It is always more lively between ten and eleven in the morning, and between three and four in the afternoon, when people are more tired. 17
If you listen to Muzak carefully, you will probably recognize the names of many of the songs. Some musicians or songwriters don't want their songs to be used as Muzak, but others are happy when their songs are chosen. Why? 18
Music is often played in public places because it is designed to make people feel less lonely when they are in an airport or a hotel. It has been proven that Muzak does what it is designed to do. Tired office workers suddenly have more energy when they hear the pleasant sound of Muzak in the background. 19 Supermarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries. 20 They say it's boring to hear the same songs all the time. But other people enjoy hearing Muzak in public places. They say it helps them relax and feel calm. One way or another, Muzak affects everyone. Some farmers even say their cows give more milk when they hear Muzak!
A.Some people don't like Muzak.
B.The music gives them extra energy.
C.Music is playing in the background.
D.Factory workers produce 13 percent more.
E.Muzak tends to help people understand music better.
F.They will get as much as $4 million a year if their songs are used.
G.Muzak is played in most of the big supermarkets in the world.
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Should you listen to music when you work?
Do you like to listen to music when you work?Ask this question at a party, and you'll probably get 21 responses. Some will say they love it, claiming that it improves their performance; others will say they find it distracting(分散注意力的)and cannot work 22 with music playing in the background.
Interestingly enough, our research has found that both of these viewpoints can be true. It just 23 on what sort of work you're doing.
In a recent study, we brought participants into our lab to perform a variety of tasks. They included a(n) 24 task—searching through word lists and crossing out words containing the letter “a” and a more difficult task—memorizing word pairs and 25 the word to its partner. Some participants completed all of the tasks in silence, 26 others completed the tasks with instrumental music that was either loud or soft, and either simple or complex, the latter meaning music with more instruments being played. Several key findings 27 from our study.
We found that participants who listened to simple music or no music performed about the same on the easy task. However, participants who listened to 28 music performed best on the easy task.
On the contrary, participants performed worse on the more difficult task when they listened to any music, regardless of complexity or volume, compared to those who didn't listen to any music.
How should we 29 these findings?They suggest that people have limited mental resources which both 30 and tasks can draw. We can become 31 and our minds may wander when these resources are not fully used. But we can also become over-excited and 32 when these resources are used up.
Not surprisingly, we typically need to use fewer of our mental resources when we perform easy tasks, whereas demanding tasks require more brainpower. However, because we might be less 33 during easier tasks, there's a greater risk of drifting off. Music might give us the extra 34 we need to overcome the monotony(单调). However, difficult tasks already demand a lot of our resources. Listening to music can become too much.
So best 35 should appear when we strike “sweet spot”, which may depend on the type of music and the type of task.
21.A.fixed B.similar
C.various D.positive
22.A.effectively B.immediately
C.exactly D.happily
23.A.depends B.focuses
C.carries D.takes
24.A.unpleasant B.familiar
C.impossible D.easy
25.A.matching B.realizing
C.suggesting D.creating
26.A.until B.while
C.since D.when
27.A.faded B.appeared
C.survived D.responded
28.A.dull B.reliable
C.necessary D.complex
29.A.make up for B.make out
C.make use of D.make up
30.A.music B.work
C.study D.culture
31.A.surprised B.bored
C.afraid D.proud
32.A.interested B.distracted
C.pleased D.worried
33.A.disgusted B.embarrassed
C.frightened D.engaged
34.A.obstacle B.push
C.opportunity D.rule
35.A.action B.program
C.performance D.problem
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Music technology 36 (be) a kind of technology to musical arts. It is the use of a sequencer(音序器)and software or electronic devices(设备). Sometimes music technology 37 (consider) as sound technology. Although these two fields may sound similar, they are in fact 38 (complete) different. Music technology contains the composition, recording, while sound technology may only contain the production of different sounds.
39 great number of universities offer study programs 40 students who study music. In these programs, students can learn about technical and scientific applications as well as study acoustic(声音的)science, programming, music theory, and business 41 (lesson) related to the music field. Students can expect 42 (learn) digital recording, digital sound processing and editing and more to improve 43 (they) abilities.
Because music technology is a mixture of music and technology, those 44 study it need understand both. They should have abilities to read music and play a traditional 45 (music) instrument as well as a sound understanding.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华,你的美国笔友Peter来信与你交流对音乐的看法以及你喜欢的音乐形式及原因。请你用英语给他回复一封邮件。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear peter,
I am very glad to have the chance to share my opinions about music and my favorite music with you.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
The famous classical pianist, Kong Xiangdong, surprised his fans last week by giving a concert combining classical music with Chinese folk music. Kong explained that he tried this because he wanted to create something new. “As a musician, playing the same music in different cities of the world is very boring,” says Kong. He also feels that playing Chinese folk music on the piano can help bring it to the rest of the world.
Music has always been part of Kong's world. As his mother was a great music lover, he lived with music from birth. But it wasn't always easy for the young Kong Xiangdong. His mother couldn't buy him a piano until he was seven. She had to draw piano keys on a piece of paper so that he could learn to play as early as possible. The 5-year-old Kong would practice on the paper piano as his mother clapped the rhythm. He was made to practice the piano so much that, at times, he thought about giving up. However, he didn't quit, and he became a great pianist. In 1986, at the age of 18, he became the youngest prize winner in Moscow's Tchaikovsky International Music Competition. He went on to win awards in competitions across the world.
Because of Kong's talent and hard work, he became famous worldwide. But after years of performing, he felt that in some ways he had lost his identity. That was why he went back to his roots and rediscovered the beauty of Chinese folk music. He began experimenting with different styles and his Dream Tour Concert was the result.
Kong's new experiment in Chinese folk music was so important to him that he even changed his appearance. Before he arrived at his concert last week, he had shaved off all his hair! Since his music style was new, he decided his hairstyle had to be new too!
Whether Kong is changing his appearance or transforming his music, he is a pioneer in music today. The concert last week was such a success that Kong's Dream Tour Concert is expected to run for the next two years in Beijing, Shanghai, and other main cities before going to Paris and New York.
单元达标检测
1.A
2.B
3.C
4.B
5.C
6.D
7.B
8.C
9.A
10.C
11.C
12.B
13.D
14.B
15.A
16.C
17.B
18.F
19.D
20.A
21.C
22.A
23.A
24.D
25.A
26.B
27.B
28.D
29.B
30.A
31.B
32.B
33.D
34.B
35.C
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个夏季音乐节的详细情况,包括音乐节特色、参加演出的音乐家、举办的时间地点、音乐类型和票价。
1.A 细节理解题。比较每个活动的音乐类型(Music Type)可知,Firefly Music Festival的独特之处在于其有布鲁斯音乐(blues)。故选A。题干的关键词是special,而B、C、D三个选项所提及的“受游客欢迎”、“在夏季举办”、“有很多著名音乐人”是四个音乐节的共同之处。
2.B 细节理解题。根据文章Governors Ball中的Some of the playing artists and bands include Tool, Phoenix, Lorde, Flume, and Wu-Tang Clan.(一些演奏艺术家和乐队包括Tool、Phoenix、Lorde、Flume和Wu-Tang Clan。)可知该音乐节中有 Flume的表演,演出时间是June 3—5,选项B“6月4日”在此期间。故选B。
3.C 细节理解题。根据文章Bonnaroo中的Some of the most well-known musicians and bands will be playing this year, including U2, Red Hot Chili Peppers, The Weeknd, and Chance The Rapper.(一些最出名的音乐家和乐队将在今年演出,包括U2、Red Hot Chili Peppers、The Weeknd和Chance The Rapper。)并结合June 8—11; Manchester, Tennessee, USA(6月8日—11日;曼彻斯特,美国田纳西州)可知,一些著名的音乐家将参加在曼彻斯特举行的活动。故选C。由文章首句Summer is the best time of a year for music lovers...可知,四场音乐节都是为音乐爱好者举办的,故排除A项;由文中On the concert line-up, you'll find bands and singers like The Zombies, The Arcade Fire, and Bon Iver.一句可知,The Zombies是乐队的名字,故排除B项;由文章内容可知,第三、四个音乐节中都有Chance The Rapper的表演,故排除D项。
【高频词汇】 1.kick off开始 2.look forward to期待 3.take place发生,举行 4.draw in使参与 5.think of考虑;打算
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了摇滚乐的起源及发展,以及一些非常著名的摇滚乐队和歌手。
4.B 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的Rock and roll music developed in the United States in the early nineteen-fifties. 及下文内容可知,这篇文章主要讲了摇滚乐的发展。故选B。A项“美国音乐的历史”范围太大;C项“著名的摇滚乐队”是文章内容的一方面,但不是主要内容;文章讲摇滚乐的发展,但没有介绍摇滚乐的新形式,故排除D。
5.C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的The Beatles changed rock and roll forever. Their early songs were influenced by American rock and roll musicians, including Chuck Berry.(甲壳虫乐队永远地改变了摇滚乐。他们早期的歌曲受到美国摇滚音乐家的影响,包括查克·贝里。)由此推知,画线部分运用了比喻的修辞手法,其表达的意思是“甲壳虫乐队的音乐对美国的摇滚乐产生了很大的影响”。故选C。同时,可排除D项“甲壳虫乐队的音乐受到美国摇滚乐的巨大影响”。A项“甲壳虫乐队的音乐像美国的地震一样强烈”;B项“甲壳虫乐队看起来不同,因为一场地震袭击了美国”。
6.D 细节理解题。根据题干关键词social problems可定位到文章最后一段,该段中的Springsteen's music was like the lively rock and roll music of the early nineteen-sixties. Many of his songs were about social issues.(斯普林斯汀的音乐就像二十世纪六十年代早期活跃的摇滚乐,他的许多歌曲都是关于社会问题的。)由此可知,Springsteen的歌主要是关于一些社会问题的。故选D。
7.B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的The Beatles released their first album in the United States in 1964, when all of the top five records in America were by The Beatles.(甲壳虫乐队于1964年在美国发行了他们的第一张专辑,当时美国所有排名前五的唱片都是甲壳虫乐队的。)可知,在1964年,美国所有排名前五的唱片都是甲壳虫乐队的。故选B。由第四段可知,1967年,甲壳虫乐队发行的专辑是首批“概念”专辑之一,而不是滚石乐队的专辑之一叫“概念”,故排除A项;由第五段前两句可知,甲壳虫乐队的流行引领了更多英国摇滚乐队在美国开始流行,滚石乐队是这些乐队中最重要的一支,但并不是唯一一支,故排除C项;由第二段最后一句可知,在1964年,英国的甲壳虫乐队在美国开始流行,故排除D项。
【高频词汇】 1.be based on以……为基础 2.influence vt.影响
3.release v.发行;公布 4.concept n.概念 5.become known as作为……而出名
C
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了音乐教育能够帮助孩子更好地发展,开发孩子的智力,增强记忆力。
8.C 推理判断题。根据第一段可知,学校不仅仅是学生聚在一起学习的地方。对孩子们来说,上学是他们发展社交、结识家庭之外的人的第一次机会。在学校学生们学会培养个人兴趣,并寻找与自己兴趣相同的人。而随后第二段提到音乐教育的重要性,因此第一段的作用就是引出主题。故选C。A项“为了展示学校是学生学习的地方”,B项“为了强调学习知识的重要性”,D项“为了解释作者实际上在想什么”均无法概括本段的作用。
9.A 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的other reading problems可推断该词指的是一种“阅读问题”。故选A。B项“接受音乐培训”;C项“通过学习获得知识”;D项“失去读乐谱的能力”。
10.C 细节理解题。根据题干关键词researchers定位到文章第四段,由...students who reported consistent involvement in instrumental music during middle school and high school performed significantly better in mathematics.可知学音乐有利于孩子的数学学习。故选C。A项“音乐爱好者往往以明智的方式使用大脑”;B项“音乐训练可以治愈儿童的多种疾病”;D项“高年级的学生不喜欢上音乐课”。
11.C 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的improving the reading ability、第四段中的performed significantly better in mathematics和第五段中的set the course for lifelong friends and help create social groups that last through school and beyond可知音乐确实对社交和理解力有益。故选C。A项“音乐可以确保你交到很多亲密的朋友”中“确保”过于绝对;B项“转学对每个人来说都是不好的经历”和D项“很少有学校真正关注音乐教育”文中均未提及。
【高频词汇】 1.more than不仅仅 2.share vt.有同样的感情(或想法、经历等) 3.point out指出 4.compared to与……相比 5.process vt.加工,处理 6.be involved in参与……
原句 There are many reasons why music education can help to make a child a better student, and being involved in music is also a social endeavor that can set the course for lifelong friends and help create social groups that last through school and beyond.
分析 本句是并列复合句,句中第一个and连接两个并列分句;第一个分句中why引导定语从句,先行词为reasons。
句意 音乐教育可以帮助使孩子成为一个更好的学生,这是有很多原因的,而且参与音乐也是一种社交努力,这种努力可以为(交到)终生的朋友设定方向,并帮助创建在上学期间及之后一直存在的社交群体。
D
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了音乐和大脑的关系,学习演奏乐器或者听音乐有很多益处。
12.B 细节理解题。从第一段中的It plays such an important role in our lives that all fields focus on its study, including one looking at the biology of music.可知,人们研究音乐是因为它在我们的生活中起着重要的作用,故选B项。C项“我们的大脑可以以不同的方式加工处理音乐”文中未提及;A项“音乐可以用于医疗”和D项“音乐教育受到了很多关注”都具有片面性。
13.D 细节理解题。根据题干关键词the Canadian study定位到文章第二段,由该段中One study in Canada tracked children's IQ scores for nine months, discovering that children who studied music had the biggest test score improvements.一句可知,学习过音乐的孩子智商的提高最大,故选D项。A项“那些已经拥有高智商的人”;B项“那些一直播放音乐的人”;C项“不会演奏任何乐器的人”。
14.B 推理判断题。从第三段中For patients suffering from diseases like Alzheimer's, listening to music can help unlock buried memories.一句可知,like一词体现举例说明,因此Alzheimer's是一种病。故选B项。由第二段中的spatial reasoning skills可知,A项指的是一种技能。由第三段第三句可知,C、D选项均指的大脑的区域。
15.A 主旨大意题。纵观全文尤其是文章最后两句People are recognizing that music is more than just a form of entertainment. It's also great for the brain.可知,这篇文章讲的是音乐和大脑的关系,故选A项。
【高频词汇】 1.play an important role in在……中起重要作用
2.field n.领域 3.a wide range of各种各样的 4.track vt.追踪 5.lie in在于
原句 Experts are finding that because of the way our brains process music, learning to play an instrument or just listening to music can have a wide range of benefits.
分析 本句是主从复合句,句中that为连接词,引导一个宾语从句。way后为定语从句,省略了关系词that或in which。动名词短语learning to...or just listening to music作宾语从句的主语。
句意 专家们发现,由于我们大脑处理音乐的方式,学习演奏乐器或仅仅是听音乐都会有很多好处。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了米尤扎克背景音乐(Muzak)。
16.C 根据空格前一句的提问,可以判断此处是对前句的回答,并引出下文。结合后句中It's similar to the music you listen to...中的关键词It及music可知,选C(正在播放背景音乐。)。
17.B 空格前句指出Muzak这种音乐通常在人们特别累的时候播放,下文应叙述这种音乐给人们带来的益处,tired和energy相呼应。故选B(这种音乐给他们额外的能量。)。
18.F 前文提到一些音乐家或作曲家不愿意他们的作品被用作Muzak,而其他人愿意。根据空前Why?可知空格处填入句应该是对前面提出的疑问的回答。空格处讲述原因,故选F(如果歌曲被使用,他们每年将得到多达400万美元。)。
19.D 空格前一句提到Tired office workers,空格后一句提到Supermarket shoppers,可知设空处也在举例说明Muzak does what it is designed to do,故选D(工厂工人多生产13%。)。
20.A 根据下文的But other people enjoy hearing Muzak in public places.可知此处与下文之间是转折关系,故选A(有些人不喜欢米尤扎克背景音乐。)。
【高频词汇】 1.be similar to和……相似 2.react vi.作出反应 3.used to do...过去常常做…… 4.at a time每次;一次 5.all the time始终,一直 6.tend to do...往往做……
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章通过“你上班时会听音乐吗?”这一问题展开研究,发现两种完全相反但又真实存在的观点。无论音乐是提高了工作效率还是分散了注意力,都取决于音乐类型和工作类型。
21.C 句意:在聚会上问这个问题,你大概会得到各种各样的(various)回答。fixed固定的;similar 相似的;positive积极的。根据下文Some will say...; others will say...可以推断出,对于上班时是否喜欢听音乐这个问题,人们会有各种各样的回答。故选C。
22.A 句意:……其他人会说他们觉得这会分散注意力并且他们无法在播放着音乐的背景下有效地(effectively)工作。immediately 立刻地;exactly 精确地;happily快乐地。根据前文others will say they find it distracting可知此处指注意力被分散,故不能有效地工作。故选A。
23.A 句意:这只是取决于(depends)你在做哪一类工作。focus聚焦;carry携带;take拿,取。根据最后一段中的depend on the type of music and the type of task可知背景音乐是否有助于工作取决于你做什么类型的工作。depend on意为“依靠;取决于”。故选A。
24.D 句意:在最近的一项研究中,我们将参与者带到实验室来执行各种任务。它们包括一项简单的(easy)任务——在单词表中搜索并划掉包含字母“a”的单词,以及一项更困难的任务——记忆词组并将单词与其对应词配对。unpleasant 不快乐的;familiar 熟悉的;impossible 不可能的。根据下文crossing out words containing the letter “a” (划掉包含字母“a”的单词)和a more difficult task可知空处填入“简单的”。故选D。
25.A 句意见上一题。realize意识到;suggest建议;create创造。根据上文memorizing word pairs及下文to its partner可知此处指单词配对。故选A。
26.B 句意:一些参与者在安静的环境中完成了所有的任务,而(while)另一些参与者则在要么响亮要么柔和、要么简单要么复杂的器乐声中完成了任务,后者意味着用更多乐器演奏的音乐。 until 直到……;since自从;when 当……的时候。根据句意可知前后文之间是带有鲜明对比的转折关系。故选B。
27.B 句意:我们的研究中出现了(appeared)几个关键发现。fade褪色;survive幸免;respond作出反应。根据下文We found that...可知,研究中出现了几个关键发现。故选B。
28.D 句意:然而,听复杂(complex)音乐的参与者在简单的任务中表现最好。dull 乏味的,单调的;reliable 可依靠的;necessary 有必要的。根据上文中的simple music or no music以及However体现出上下句之间存在逻辑上的转折关系,由此可知此处表示“复杂的音乐”。故选D。
29.B 句意:我们应该如何理解(make out)这些发现?make up for 弥补,补偿;make use of利用;make up编造,化妆。根据下文We suggest that...可知,下文是对上文“我们如何理解这些发现”的解释。故选B。
30.A 句意:它们表明,音乐(music)和任务能够吸引的人们的脑力资源有限。work 工作;study 学习,研究;culture文化。根据前文讨论的听音乐与工作之间的关系的细节描述可知此处应填入music。故选A。
31.B 句意:当这些资源没有得到充分利用时,我们可能会变得无聊(bored),我们的思想可能会开小差。surprised 吃惊的;afraid 害怕的;proud骄傲的。空格处与下文our minds may wander是并列关系,结合选项可知B选项bored与下文语义衔接恰当,故选B。
32.B 句意:但是,当这些资源耗尽时,我们也可能会变得过度兴奋和思想不集中(distracted)。interested 感兴趣的;pleased高兴的;worried 担心的。根据上文also一词可知,此空应和上文wander语义并列。故选B。
33.D 句意:然而,因为我们在更简单的任务中可能没那么投入(engaged),所以睡着的风险更大。disgusted厌恶的;embarrassed尴尬的;frightened 害怕的。根据上文we typically need to use fewer of our mental resources when we perform easy tasks可知,我们执行简单的任务时,通常需要使用较少的脑力资源,一般不会特别投入。故选D。
34.B 句意:音乐可能会给予我们克服单调所需的额外激励(push)。obstacle障碍;opportunity 机会;rule规则。根据下文we need to overcome the monotony及上文描述的音乐的积极作用,可知音乐有激励作用。故选B。
35.C 句意:所以,最佳表现(performance)应该出现在我们达到“最佳击球点”时,这可能取决于音乐类型和任务类型。action 行动;program节目;计划;problem问题。根据句意及第二段中claiming that it improves their performance可知此处指工作表现取决于音乐类型和工作类型。故选C。
【高频词汇】 1.depend on取决于 2.in silence静静地 3.regardless of不管,不顾 4.wander vi.走神;开小差 5.use up用光,用尽
原句 Not surprisingly, we typically need to use fewer of our mental resources when we perform easy tasks, whereas demanding tasks require more brainpower.
分析 本句是并列复合句,句中whereas为并列连词,表示前后是转折关系;第一个分句中,when引导的是一个时间状语从句。
句意 不足为奇的是,当我们执行简单的任务时,我们的脑力资源消耗通常更少,而要求高的任务则需要更多的脑力。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了音乐技术的含义以及学习音乐技术要学哪些内容。
36.is 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:音乐技术对音乐艺术来说就是一种技术。本句叙述的是客观事实,要用一般现在时。句子的主语是Music technology,为单数,故填is。
37.is considered 考查时态和语态。句意:有时音乐技术被认为是声音技术。本句叙述的是现在的事,要用一般现在时,本句的主语music technology和动词consider构成被动关系,故用被动语态,故填is considered。
38.completely 考查副词。句意:尽管这两个领域可能听起来相似,但实际上它们是完全不同的。空格处修饰形容词different,故用副词completely。
39.A 考查固定搭配。句意:许多大学为学音乐的学生提供学习课程。a great number of...为固定搭配,意为“许多……,大量的……”。故填A。
40.to 考查介词。句意见上一题。此处使用了固定结构offer sth. to sb.,意为“提供某物给某人”,to为介词。故填to。
41.lessons 考查名词复数。句意:在这些课程里,学生可以学习技术和科学应用,也可以学习声学、编程、乐理和与音乐领域相关的商业课。lesson为可数名词,根据常识可知,学生学习的课不止一节,故填lessons。
42.to learn 考查非谓语动词。句意:学生可以期望学习数字录制、数字声音处理和编辑等来提高他们的能力。expect to do sth.为固定搭配,意为“期望做某事”,故填to learn。
43.their 考查代词。句意同上一题。空格处在句中作定语修饰名词abilities,要用形容词性物主代词,故填their。
44.who 考查定语从句。句意:因为音乐技术是音乐和技术的混合体,所以那些学习它的人需要两者都了解。设空处引导定语从句,those是先行词,关系词在定语从句中作主语,指人,故填who。
45.musical 考查形容词。句意:他们应该有识乐谱和演奏传统乐器的能力以及良好的理解。musical instrument意为“乐器”,形容词musical修饰名词instrument。故填musical。
【高频词汇】 1.field n.领域 2.a great number of 许多,大量的
3.be related to...与……有关 4.recording n.录制;录音;录像
5.mixture n.混合物
原句 In these programs, students can learn about technical and scientific applications as well as study acoustic science, programming, music theory, and business lessons related to the music field.
分析 本句是一个简单句,句中as well as连接两个并列的谓语,related to the music field为过去分词短语作定语,修饰lessons。
句意 在这些课程里,学生可以学习技术和科学应用,也可以学习声学、编程、乐理和与音乐领域相关的商业课。
第三部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Dear Peter,
I am very glad to have the chance to share my opinions about music and my favorite music with you. Music plays an important role in our life. It can make us feel relaxed both mentally and physically, thus helping reduce our pressure of study. What's more, it can excite and encourage us whenever we meet trouble because of its comforting and inspiring effect. Besides, music can be of great help for us to understand other cultures.
I like both pop music and traditional music. Pop music can bring me excitement and lovely tunes. Traditional music shows me the peaceful side of the world and can even lead me to pursue the true meaning of life.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文的主题语境是人与社会,语篇类型是记叙文,主要介绍了古典钢琴家孔祥东在他的音乐会上将古典音乐与中国民间音乐结合起来,目的是把中国民间音乐带到全世界。在母亲的影响下,孔祥东从小就学会了弹钢琴,但他的成功之路并不容易。由于他的才华和努力,他在比赛中赢得了许多大奖,享誉世界。多年的古典音乐表演让他感觉失去了自己的身份,于是他转向了中国的民间音乐。孔祥东尝试了不同的音乐风格,被认为是当今音乐界的先驱。
脉络分析
写作建议
1.细读原文。首先要仔细阅读短文,掌握文章主旨,例如本文是一篇人物介绍。
2.弄清结构,归纳段意。概要写作是写全文概要,不是写某一部分的概要,或者就某些问题写出要点。因此一定要弄清文章结构,归纳文章各段大意。
3.列出原文要点。分析原文的内容和结构,将内容分项扼要表述并注意结构上的顺序,在此基础上选出与文章主题密切相关的部分。
4.在写作时要特别注意下面几点:
(1)概要应包括原文中的主要事实,略去不必要的细节。在本文中,孔祥东在幼年时期学习钢琴时遇到了很多障碍,在概要写作中不需要面面俱到,只需要总结出not easy即可。
(2)安排好篇幅的比例,概要应同原文保持协调,即用较多的文字写重要内容,用较少的文字写次要内容。
(3)注意要点之间的衔接,要用适当的关联词语贯通全文,切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子,但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语,以免显得生硬。
(4)不排斥用原文的某些词句,但不要照搬原文的句子,如果不能完全用自己的话语表达,至少对原文做一些同义词替换,如果结构上也能有一些转换会更好。如原文中有Because of Kong's talent and hard work, he became famous worldwide.一句,在概要写作中可转换为Due to his talent and great efforts, he became renowned worldwide...。
(5)计算词数,看是否符合规定的词数要求。
One possible version:
Kong Xiangdong, a classical pianist, performed the classical music combined with Chinese folk music.(要点1) Influenced by his mom, Kong Xiangdong learned to play the piano from an early age but his way to success is not easy.(要点2) Due to his talent and great efforts, he became renowned worldwide for winning many great awards and is regarded as the pioneer in music for his new experiment in Chinese folk music.(要点3)
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