高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 1 Science Fiction同步达标检测题

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 1 Science Fiction同步达标检测题，共11页。试卷主要包含了at　考查介词，sitting　考查现在分词等内容，欢迎下载使用。

基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Reference bks, statinery(文具), and a reading (灯) are all arranged prperly n his desk.
2.When selecting bts, a pair f fine and quality (皮革) nes will be a wise investment.
3.Fd delivery apps have (激增)in recent years, with cmpanies seizing n cnsumers' desire fr custmized meals and cnvenience.
4.He tld me he wuld leave t (拿来) the tls and asked me t stay where I was.
5.As a rule, the (最大极限的) number f marks fr every subject is 150.
6.In Peppa Pig(《小猪佩奇》), Peppa Pig lves jumping in puddles(水坑)full f m , but she frgets t wear her bts.
7.It is required that everyne shuld put a (手帕) ver their nse and muth when they sneeze.
Ⅱ.选词填空
turn ut; in the pen air; fall away; s lng as
1.We slept ut under the stars, and ate ur meals ,which was a very pleasant experience.
2.It was nrmal that his supprters ,as his ppularity declined.
3.Smetimes things dn't the way we think they're ging. Life is what happens t yu while yu're busy making ther plans.
4. yu try yur best, it desn't matter whether yu win r nt.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.The satellite enables us (calculate) ur precise lcatin wherever we are.
2.Images can be shwn randm r in the rder yu specify.
3.Recently, there have been heated discussins abut whether t cancel the (divide) f students between liberal arts and science.
4.It was when I gt back t my apartment I first came acrss my new neighbrs.
5.Using tablets r smartphnes will give students the pprtunity t learn their wn pace.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.After that, they behaved naturally (好像什么也没有发生过).
2.At that time, lts f fd, water, tents and medicine (正在被运输) frm all ver China t the COVID-19 affected areas.
3.Life is just like an unending jurney, (我们都要参与其中).
4.I (认为这是必要的)fr a student t master a freign language.
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
It was at ten 'clck tday 1 my first Time Machine began its career.After sitting in the leather seat, I pushed the starting lever and lked arund.Then my eyes settled n the clck. It was 2 (believable)! Just nw, it was a minute r s past ten; nw it was nearly half past three! I pushed the lever further.Night 3 (fall) as if a lamp was being turned ut, and in anther mment came the day.
I fund it hard t explain the strange and unpleasant feeling f time travelling.I felt I was being driven fast n a winding rad. As my pace grew faster, all f 4 sudden, the walls f the labratry fell away, and I fund I was left in the pen air.The whle surface f the earth was 5 (cnstant) changing befre my eyes.I thught that I was being pushed thrugh time at 6 (hundred) f years a minute.
I had a strng urge 7 (lk) at things that were flashing befre my eyes! I knew I wuld be 8 risk if I stpped the Time Machine.As lng as I travelled at maximum speed, I wuld be safe and sund.But if I stpped, I wuld be frced tgether with smething ccupying the same space and we wuld explde like a bmb!
I pulled the lever backwards, and then I 9 (thrw) thrugh the air.I was stunned fr a mment and then I fund myself 10 (sit) in the rain next t the machine.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2020天津耀华中学期末,)
Science fictin writers create imaginary wrlds.The way things wrk in yur imaginary wrlds will be based n actual science.S it's imprtant fr yu t be familiar with the scientific principles and inventins that are related t yur creatin.Fr example, if yu're writing abut humans living n a planet with zer gravity, then yu need t knw the effects f zer gravity n the human bdy.
Then yu have t figure ut the exact rules f yur imaginary wrlds.And yu have t fllw them.If humans have evlved(进化)int creatures that can breathe underwater in Chapter 1, yur character can't drwn in a swimming pl in Chapter 3. If yur rbts write petry but nt fictin, then yu can't thrw a nvelist rbt int Chapter 8. The issue here is maintaining yur readers' trust.That means the reader is willing t pretend alng with yu.If yu start ut with an rdinary detective nvel and then thrw in smene breathing underwater in the 6th chapter, yur readers' reactin might be:“What the ” The imaginative spell is brken. Yu've pulled the readers ut f their imaginatin.The same thing happens if yu change the rules halfway.
Part f yur preparatin wrk fr the nvel is t map ut its wrlds in great detail.Decide: the histry f the wrld, the gegraphy, what pssibilities it ffers, hw everything wrks in this new reality, and hw all f these factrs affect the way yur characters think, feel, and react t things.Yu dn't have t tell yur readers all the rules in the first chapter.But yu have t let yur readers knw enugh t understand what's ging n.This als allws yu t wrk ut lgical prblems and cnflicts befre yu start writing.
When yu are writing, remember t make the stry feel real.Yu are inviting readers t visit a new wrld.They will feel an urge t see, hear, feel, smell, and even taste what it's like.Whether yur nvel is abut a wrld withut disease r an undiscvered planet, help yur readers feel like they're actually there.
1.What's the relatinship between actual science and science fictin?
A.Science fictin prmtes the develpment f actual science.
B.Science fictin ften reflects the develpment f actual science.
C.Actual science limits the imaginatin described in science fictin.
D.Actual science prvides basic principles fr science fictin.
2.The secnd paragraph is mainly develped by .
A.making cmparisns
B.giving examples
C.fllwing the time rder
D.analyzing causes
3.Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE?
A.It is necessary t d sme scientific experiments befre writing science fictin.
B.It is mre difficult t write science fictin than rdinary detective nvels.
C.Readers f science fictin actually pretend the writers' rules are true.
D.It is great t leave sme cntradictins in yur science fictin.
4.The target readers f the passage are .
A.yung scientists
B.science fictin writers
C.cllege students
D.prfessinal jurnalists
Ⅱ.七选五
(2021江苏如皋月考,)
Writing a great science fictin nvel is a lng, hard prcess.As with any nvel, yu'll want t cnstruct a satisfying plt, develp interesting characters, and write plished, vivid prse. 1
Remember that science fictin is abut ideas. Different frm ther genres(类型), a gd science fictin stry depends n a great imaginatin. 2 In sci-fi, thse questins can be implicit r explicit.Fr example, many early wrks f sci-fi make their questins bvius.In The War f the Wrlds, the questin is: What wuld happen t human sciety if it were invaded(入侵)by technlgically advanced aliens?
3 It's ne thing t have a great idea r situatin, but that desn't mean yu have a stry.While science fictin nvels are ften thught experiments, they als can't just be thught experiments.That means yu're ging t have t cme up with an appealing stry that brings these questins t life.Ask yurself: What is the change that will ccur ver the curse f yur stry, either in the wrld r in the life f the main characters?
Create an interesting wrld. 4 The intricately(错综复杂地) imagined details that make up yur wrld shuld flw in sme way frm the idea at the heart f yur stry.In that way, the wrld yu create in yur sci-fi nvel als reveals smething abut yur pint f view n the real wrld. Even the mst fantastically imagined stry is still a reflectin f real-wrld questins and prblems.
Make sure the rules f yur wrld are cnsistent.One f the qualities that set sci-fi nvels apart frm the wrks f fantasy and surrealism(超现实主义) is that n matter hw strange r fantastic the wrld is, it still beys internally cnsistent lgic. 5 But instead f being absurd, it must be understandable and in rder fr it t feel believable.
A.Fcus n character develpment.
B.Make sure yu're telling a gd stry.
C.That said, writing science fictin requires many unique cnsideratins.
D.That lgic will necessarily be different frm the lgic that gverns reality.
E.Befre yu start writing, have sme sense f the questin yur nvel is asking.
F.A sci-fi nvel set in a technlgically backward wrld wuld vilate the rules f the reality.
G.Wrld building is ne f the mst imprtant parts f creating a cmpelling sci-fi stry.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅲ.读后续写
(2020辽宁辽阳高二下期中,)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I have seen amazing things.
My first visit was t a space statin cnsidered the mst mdern in space.Described as an enrmus rund plate, it spins slwly in space t imitate the pull f the earth's gravity.Inside was an exhibitin f the mst up-t-date inventins f the 31st century.A guide shwed us arund alng a mveable path.
Guide: Gd mrning t all ur visitrs frm 2021.First we're ging t examine ne f the latest frms f cmmunicatin amng ur space citizens! Messages can nw be sent using a “thughtpad”.Yu place the metal band ver yur head, clear yur mind, press the sending buttn and think yur message, and the next instant it's sent.It's stred n the “thughtpad” f the receiver.It's quick, efficient and envirnmentally friendly.The nly limitatin is if the user des nt think his r her message clearly, an unclear message may be sent.But we cannt blame the tls fr the faults f the user, can we?
During the explanatin I lked at the pair f small bjects called “thughtpad” n a table.They just lked like metal ribbns. S rdinary but s pwerful! While I was bserving them, the path mved us n.
Guide: And nw ladies and gentlemen, we are in the “envirnment area”.Peple used t cllect waste in dustbins.Then the rubbish was sent t be buried r burned, am I right? (We ndded.) Well, nw there's a system where the waste is dispsed f using the principles f eclgy.A giant machine, always greedy fr mre, swallws all the waste available.The rubbish is turned int several grades f useful material, such as “fertilizer” fr the fields and “sil” fr deserts.Nthing is wasted, and everything, even the plastic bag, is recycled.A great idea, isn't it?
I stared at the mving mdel f the waste machine, absrbed by its efficiency.But again we mved n.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
Guide:Our third stp shws the changes that have happened t wrk practices.Manufacturing n lnger takes place n the earth but n space statins like this ne.






Paragraph 2:
My mind began t wander.What jb wuld I d? My mtivatin increased as I thught f the wnderful wrld f the future.







答案全解全析
UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION
Part 3 Using Language, Assessing Yur Prgress & Vide Time
基础过关练
Ⅰ 2.leather 3.explded 4.fetch 5.maximum 6.mud 7.handkerchief
Ⅱ the pen air 2.fell away 3.turn ut 4.S lng as
Ⅲ calculate 考查非谓语动词。句意:无论我们在哪儿,人造卫星都使我们能够判断我们的精确位置。enable sb. t d sth.意为“使某人能够做某事”。故填t calculate。
2.at 考查固定搭配。句意:影像可以随机或者依照您明确规定的顺序来展示。at randm意为“随机”。
3.divisin 考查名词。句意:最近,关于是否取消学生文理分科的话题引起了热烈的讨论。根据限定成分the与空后的f可知此空应该为名词。故填divisin。
4.that 考查强调句型。句意:当我回到我的公寓时,我才第一次遇到了我的新邻居们。根据句子结构判断本句是强调句型,其中when I gt back t my apartment 是被强调部分。故填that。
5.at 考查介词。句意:使用平板电脑或智能手机将给予学生们按照他们自己的节奏学习的机会。at与pace搭配表示“以……速度/节奏”。
Ⅳ if nthing had happened 2.were being transprted 3.in which we all play a part 4.think it necessary
Ⅴ 考查强调句型。 句意:在今天十点钟,我的第一个时间机器开始了它的职业生涯。根据句子结构判断本句是强调句型,at ten ?clck tday是被强调部分。故此处用that。
2.unbelievable 考查反义词。句意:那真是难以置信!系动词was后应接形容词作表语。根据句意可知此处指作者不太相信这件事,所以用unbelievable。
3.fell 考查动词的时态。句意:夜幕降临了,仿佛一盏灯被熄灭了,转瞬间,白天来临了。此处讲述过去发生的事情,所以用一般过去时。
4.a 考查冠词。句意:随着我的节奏变快,突然,实验室的墙壁消失了,我发现自己被留在了户外。all f a sudden 意为“突然”。故填a。
5.cnstantly 考查副词。句意:地球的整个表面在我眼前不断地变化。修饰was changing应该用副词形式。
6.hundreds 考查数词用法。句意:我认为我正被推着以每分钟数百年的速度穿越时间。hundreds f 意为“数以百计的”。
7.t lk 考查动词不定式。句意:我有一种强烈的冲动去看那些正在我眼前闪过的东西!have an urge t d sth.意为“有做某事的冲动”。
8.at 考查介词。句意:我知道如果我停止时间机器,我会有危险。at risk意为“有危险”。
9.was thrwn 考查动词的时态和语态以及主谓一致。句意:我向后拉操纵杆,然后我被扔在空中。根据上下文语境和句意判断此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为I,故用was thrwn。
10.sitting 考查现在分词。句意:我昏迷了一会儿,然后我发现自己坐在雨中,机器就在我旁边。分析句子结构可知,此处应用非谓语动词作宾补,宾语myself和sit之间是主动关系,故用现在分词sitting。
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科幻作家应如何创作出合理的科幻人物和情节。
1.D 推理判断题。由第一段前两句Science fictin be based n actual science.可知,科幻作家创造虚构的世界,在你虚构的世界里,事物的运作方式将以实际科学为基础,即现实科学为科幻小说提供了基本原则。故选D。
2.B 推理判断题。由第二段第三、四、七三句可知,如果在第一章中人类已经进化到可以在水下呼吸,那么在第三章中你小说中的角色就不会在游泳池里淹死;如果你小说中的机器人写诗而不是小说,那么你不能在第八章里出现小说家机器人;如果你从一本普通的侦探小说开始,然后在第六章的情节中加入一个在水下呼吸的人,你的读者的反应可能是:“到底什么……?”由这几句关键句可知,本段是通过举例来进行说明的。故选B。
3.C 细节理解题。由第二段中的That means the reader is willing t pretend alng with yu.可知读者愿意和你一起假装。由最后一段可知当你写作时,记得让故事显得真实,你在邀请读者进入一个崭新的世界。他们希望用多重感官去体验它的样子。由此可知,科幻小说的读者实际上假装作者设定的规则是真实的,故选C。由第三段的叙述可知,创作科幻小说前的准备工作是详细地规划小说的世界,并未提及“科学实验(scientific experiments)”,故排除A。文中未提及科幻小说和普通侦探小说在创作难度方面的对比,故排除B项。由第三段最后两句可知你必须让读者了解足够的东西来理解发生了什么,这能够使你在创作之前解决逻辑问题和矛盾。因此,D项“在你的科幻小说中留一些矛盾是很好的”表述有误,故排除。
4.B 推理判断题。由第一段中的Science fictin writers create imaginary are related t yur creatin.以及最后一段中的When yu are writing, remember t make the stry feel real.Yu are inviting readers t visit a new wrld.可知文中多次使用的第二人称yu指的是科幻小说的创作者,由此可得出文章的目标读者是科幻作家。故选B。
【高频词汇】 1.be familiar with...对……熟悉 2.figure ut弄清楚 3.in detail详细地 4.wrk ut解决 5.lgical adj.逻辑的
长难句分析
原句 If yu start ut with an rdinary detective nvel and then thrw in smene breathing underwater in the 6th chapter, yur readers? reactin might be:“What the ”
分析 该句是一个主从复合句。If引导的是一个条件状语从句,从句中and连接两个并列的谓语;breathing underwater为现在分词短语,作smene的后置定语。
句意 如果你从一本普通的侦探小说开始,然后在第六章的情节中加入一个在水下呼吸的人,你的读者的反应可能是:“到底什么……?”
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。创作小说是一个漫长且艰难的过程。文章说明了在科幻小说的创作中需要考虑的几个独特因素。
1.C 由空前句可知,创作科幻小说和创作其他任何小说一样,创作者都想要构建一个令人满意的情节、发展有趣的角色,写精湛、生动的散文。C项中的That said(话虽如此)表示转折,requires many unique cnsideratins(需要很多独特的考虑因素)是对上一句的转折,同时引出本文的主题——写科幻小说时要考虑的几个因素,起到了承上启下的作用。故选C。
2.E 空后句In sci-fi, thse questins can be implicit r explicit.说明在科幻小说中,那些问题可以是含蓄的,也可以是明确的。其中thse questins与E项中的have sme sense f the questin相呼应,而且下文举例说明写科幻小说所提出的问题,多次提到questin(s)。故选E。
3.B 该空位于段首,应为该段的主题句。空后句It?s ne thing t have a great idea r situatin, but that desn?t mean yu have a stry.说明有了好的想法或情景并不意味着你就有了一个故事;B项中telling a gd stry与下文的have a stry和cme up with an appealing stry相呼应。本段说明科幻小说要有吸引人的故事。故选B。
4.G 由此段首句Create an interesting wrld.可知本段介绍创造一个有趣的世界,G项中Wrld building与Create an interesting wrld语义相符。所以G项(创造世界是创作一个引人入胜的科幻故事最重要的部分之一)符合该段的主题。故选G。
5.D 空前句表明无论这个世界多么离奇荒诞,它仍然遵循内在一致的逻辑;D项(那种逻辑必然与支配现实的逻辑不同)中的That lgic指的就是上一句中的internally cnsistent lgic。故选D。
【高频词汇】 1.happen t sth./sb. 发生在某物/某人上
2.appealing adj.吸引人的 3.pint f view观点 4.cnsistent adj.始终如一的,一致的 5.quality n.特征;特性长难句分析
原句 One f the qualities that set sci-fi nvels apart frm the wrks f fantasy and surrealism(超现实主义) is that n matter hw strange r fantastic the wrld is, it still beys internally cnsistent lgic.
分析 本句是一个主从复合句。其中第一个that引导的是一个定语从句,先行词是qualities,that在从句中作主语;第二个that引导的是一个表语从句,在表语从句中,n matter hw引导的是一个让步状语从句。
句意 使科幻小说区别于幻想和超现实主义作品的一个特点是,无论世界是多么奇怪或者荒诞,它仍然遵循内在一致的逻辑。
Ⅲ.
One pssible versin:
Paragraph 1:
Guide:Our third stp shws the changes that have happened t wrk practices.Manufacturing n lnger takes place n the earth but n space statins like this ne. A grup f engineers prgramme rbts t perfrm tasks in space.The rbts prduce gds such as drugs and clthes. There is n waste, n pllutin and n envirnmental damage! Hwever, the cmpanies have t train their representatives t live and wrk in space settlements.They have t mnitr the rbts and the prductin.When the gds are ready they are transprted by industrial spaceship back t earth.
Paragraph 2:
My mind began t wander.What jb wuld I d? My mtivatin increased as I thught f the wnderful wrld f the future. In the future, I can perate the rbt t d sme mre cmplicated and delicate wrk.It will be much safer fr ur dctrs and nurses t avid direct cntact with patients. And I think I can als design mre meaningful things.As sn as we realize that the future needs us t master technlgy, we shuld study harder t walk in frnt.I have seen amazing things in space, we are sure t make the wrld amazing in real life tmrrw.
写作指导
Time
in the 31st century
Place
in the space statin
Character
a guide and visitrs frm 2021
Paras. 1—2
a brief intrductin t a space statin
Paras. 3—4
a brief intrductin t the up-t-date inventin—the thughtpad
Paras. 5—6
a brief intrductin t the up-t-date inventin—the waste machine
Para.1
Guide:Our third stp shws the changes that have happened t wrk practices.Manufacturing n lnger takes place n the earth but n space statins like this ne.
①制造业是如何运行的?是否用到了机器人?
②未来的制造业有什么优势?
③人类在生产过程中充当什么角色?
Para.2
My mind began t wander.What jb wuld I d? My mtivatin increased as I thught f the wnderful wrld f the future.
①“我”在未来世界是如何工作的(结合文章中的科技背景)?
②“我”的感想如何?