高中Unit 1 Science and Scientists课前预习ppt课件

这是一份高中Unit 1 Science and Scientists课前预习ppt课件，共45页。PPT课件主要包含了a serious，n 霍乱，a 对立的，n 把手 ，n 泵 ，n 流行病学，v change，Summary，a many，n 病菌等内容，欢迎下载使用。

Learning bjectives
In this class, yu willget infrmatin abut hw Jhn Snw defeated chlera;summarize the stages f scientific research;talk abut the significance and cntributin f Jhn’s wrk.
Activity 1: Read the title and predict.
JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA”Wh was Jhn Snw?What is King Chlera?What des “defeat” mean?What did Jhn Snw d abut King Chlera?
First readingActivity 2: Read the passage and check yur predictins.
1. Wh was Jhn Snw?He was a British dctr.2. What is King Chlera?It used t be ne f the mst feared diseases in the wrld and millins f peple died frm it in the early 19th century.
3. What des “defeat” mean?It means t win against smething.4. What did Jhn Snw d abut King Chlera?He cnducted research and fund ut hw chlera spread.
Secnd readingActivity 3: Read the passage again and find the main infrmatin in each paragraph n hw Jhn Snw defeated King chlera.
Activity 3: Read the passage again and find the main infrmatin f each paragraph.
Paragraph 1: Chlera hit Eurpe in the early 19th century and Jhn Snw shwed hw it culd be vercme.
Para. 1: Chlera used t be ne f the mst feared diseases in the wrld, until a British dctr, Jhn Snw, shwed hw it culd be vercme. … In the early 19th century, when an utbreak f chlera hit Eurpe…
Paragraph 2: Jhn Snw fund a prblem.
Para. 2: In general, dctrs in thse days had tw cntradictry theries t explain hw chlera spread. … He discvered that in tw particular streets the chlera utbreak was s severe that mre than 500 peple died in ten days. He was determined t find ut why.
Paragraph 3: Jhn Snw cnducted research t stp the disease.
Para. 3: Snw began by marking n a map the exact places where all thse wh died had lived. …Accrdingly, he had the handle f the pump remved s that it culd nt be used. Thrugh this interventin, the disease was stpped in its tracks.
Paragraph 4: Jhn fund the truth abut chlera.
Para. 4: The truth was that the water frm the Brad Street pump had been infected by waste. Mrever, Snw was later able t shw a link between ther cases f chlera and the different water cmpanies in Lndn. …
v. t make a disease spread t sb./sth.
n. cnnectin
Paragraph 5: Jhn cntributed a lt t hw t prevent chlera and hw t study diseases.
Para. 5: … Frtunately, we nw knw hw t prevent chlera, thanks t the wrk f Jhn Snw. Mrever, in his use f maps and statistics, Snw transfrmed the way scientists study diseases. Fr this reasn, Snw is cnsidered the father f mdern epidemilgy.
The main infrmatin abut hw Jhn defeated chlera:Paragraph 1: Chlera hit Eurpe in the early 19th century and Jhn Snw shwed hw it culd be vercme. Paragraph 2: Jhn Snw fund a prblem. Paragraph 3: Jhn Snw cnducted research t stp the disease. Paragraph 4: Jhn fund the truth abut chlera. Paragraph 5: Jhn cntributed a lt t hw t prevent chlera and hw t study diseases.
Activity 4: Try t put the fllwing stages f scientific research in rder.
______ analyse the results______ ask a questin______ draw a cnclusin______ cllect data______ find a prblem______ find supprting evidence______ think f a methd
1st stage: Find a prblem
Para. 2: In general, dctrs in thse days had tw cntradictry theries t explain hw chlera spread. One thery was that bad air caused the disease. Anther was that chlera was caused by an infectin frm germs in fd r water. Snw subscribed t the secnd thery. …
Read paragraphs 2 and 3 and circle the key wrds t put the stages in rder.
2nd stage: Ask a questin
Para. 2: In general, dctrs in thse days had tw cntradictry theries t explain hw chlera spread. … He discvered that in tw particular streets the chlera utbreak was s severe that mre than 500 peple died in ten days. He was determined t find ut why.
3rd stage: Think f a methd
Para. 3: Snw began by marking n a map the exact places where all thse wh died had lived. There were multiple deaths near the water pump in Brad Street (especially huse numbers 16, 37, 38, and 40). …
4th stage: Cllect data
Para. 3: Snw began by marking n a map … There were multiple deaths near the water pump in Brad Street (especially huse numbers 16, 37, 38, and 40). Hwever, sme husehlds (such as 20 and 21 Brad Street, and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had n deaths. …
n. all the peple living in a huse
5th stage: Analyse the results
Para. 3: Snw began by marking n a map … There were multiple deaths near the water pump in Brad Street (especially huse numbers 16, 37, 38, and 40). Hwever, sme husehlds (such as 20 and 21 Brad Street, and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had n deaths. …
6th stage: Find supprting evidence
Para. 3: Snw began by marking n a map … What’s mre, in anther part f Lndn, a wman and her daughter had died f chlera after mving away frm Brad Street. It seemed that the wman liked the water frm the pump s much that she had it delivered t her huse every day. …
7th stage: Draw a cnclusin
Para. 3: Snw began by marking n a map … As a result f this evidence, Jhn Snw was able t annunce that the pump water carried chlera germs. Accrdingly, he had the handle f the pump remved s that it culd nt be used. Thrugh this interventin, the disease was stpped in its tracks.
The stages f scientific researchThe 1st stage: find a prblemThe 2nd stage: ask a questinThe 3rd stage: think f a methdThe 4th stage: cllect dataThe 5th stage: analyse the resultsThe 6th stage: find supprting evidenceThe 7th stage: draw a cnclusin
Third readingActivity 5: Read the passage and get mre infrmatin n hw Snw defeated chlera.
Read paragraph 1 and fill in the blanks t get the specific infrmatin abut chlera.
the mst feared diseases
severe diarrhea,
dehydratin, and even death
In the early 19th century
Millins f peple died
frm the disease
Read paragraphs 2 and 3 and cmplete the chart t get specific infrmatin abut the chlera research (Page 3, Activity 3).
Steps in the research
It was believed that chlera was caused by bad ______ r germs in ____________.
Snw _________________ the places where the peple wh ______ had lived.
marked n a map
(1) Fill in the blanks and finish the steps in the research.
Many deaths ccurred near the __________ in Brad Street.
Sme peple ______ drunk the water frm the pump, and lived.
A wman and her daughter died in anther part f Lndn after ___________________________.
The pump water carried ____________.
drinking water frm the pump
chlera germs
The ______ f the pump was remved.
(2) Match the headers with the letters frm the chart t summarise and review the research steps (Page 3, Activity 4).
Write A-E in the blanks.1 cnclusin ______2 evidence ______3 prcess______4 slutin______5 theries______
(2) Summarise and review the research steps.
research methd
Read the map and get t knw the research methd further.
What kind f map is it?What des “—” mean?What des “PH” mean?Where is the pump?
Read paragraphs 4 and 5 and answer questins.
1. What caused the utbreak f chlera in Lndn in 1854?2. Was chlera destryed cmpletely?3. Hw can we prevent chlera?
1. What caused the utbreak f chlera in Lndn in 1854?The water which came frm the River Thames and had been infected by waste.
Para. 4: The truth was that the water frm the Brad Street pump had been infected by waste. … Sme cmpanies sld water frm the River Thames that was plluted by raw waste.
2. Was chlera destryed cmpletely?N.
Para. 5: Thrugh Snw’s tireless effrts, water cmpanies began t sell clean water, and the threat f chlera arund the wrld saw a substantial decrease. Hwever, chlera is still a prblem. Each year, millins f peple arund the wrld get chlera and many die frm it. …
3. Hw can we prevent chlera?By drinking pure r biled water.
Para. 4: The truth was that the water frm the Brad Street pump had been infected by waste. … The peple wh drank this water were much mre likely t get chlera than thse wh drank pure r biled water.
Activity 6: Answer questins and talk abut the cntributin f Jhn’s wrk (Page 3, Activity 6).
What was the mst imprtant tl Snw used t defeat chlera? What cmmn medical tls, e.g., a micrscpe, didn’t he use? Why? Hw has Jhn Snw’s wrk affected ur daily lives?
What was the mst imprtant tl Snw used t defeat chlera? What cmmn medical tls, e.g., a micrscpe, didn’t he use? Why?
Para. 5: … Mrever, in his use f maps and statistics, Snw transfrmed the way scientists study diseases. Fr this reasn …
Activity 6: Answer questins and talk abut the cntributin f Jhn’s wrk.
What was the mst imprtant tl Snw used t defeat chlera? What cmmn medical tls, e.g., a micrscpe, didn’t he use? Why? He used maps and statistics t analyse where the deaths ccurred.He didn’t use a micrscpe. He didn’t test the water, nr did he draw bld r examine patients.The reasn was that medical science was nt s advanced at that time.
Hw has Jhn Snw’s wrk affected ur daily lives?
Para. 5: Thrugh Snw’s tireless effrts, water cmpanies began t sell clean water, and the threat f chlera arund the wrld saw a substantial decrease. … Mrever, in his use f maps and statistics, Snw transfrmed the way scientists study diseases. Fr this reasn …
Hw has Jhn Snw’s wrk affected ur daily lives?Snw’s wrk has prvided readily available clean water t drink, as well as an emphasis n hygiene such as the need t wash hands after they becme dirty. He als shwed hw t prevent chlera epidemics, and transfrmed the way scientists study diseases, which has allwed fr mre prtectin frm nce cmmn diseases such as chlera.
Why was it Jhn Snw, nt ther dctrs, wh defeated King Chlera? Write abut yur pinin by using the infrmatin frm the passage.