2020版高考英语新创新一轮复习人教全国版讲义：必修2Unit4Wildlifeprotection

Unit 4 Wildlife protection

一、课前基础自查
(一)分类记单词——省时高效
Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意)
1.wildlife n．　　　　　　野生动植物
2.habitat n. 栖息地；(动植物的)自然环境
3.threaten vt.& vi. 恐吓；威胁
4.endanger vt. 危害；使受到危险
5.reserve n. 保护区
6.zone n. 地域；地带；地区
7.species n. 种类；物种
8.rub vt. 擦；摩擦
9.insect n. 昆虫
10.extinction n. 灭绝；消亡
Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形)
1.wild adj. 野生的；野的；未开发的；荒凉的
2.decrease vi.& vt. 减少；(使)变小；或变少
3.loss n. 损失；遗失；丧失
4.hunt vt.& vi.　　　打猎；猎取；搜寻
5.laughter n. 笑；笑声
6.certain adj. 确定的；某一；一定
7.importance n. 重要(性)
8.contain vt. 包含；容纳；容忍
9.powerful adj. 强大的；有力的
10.affect vt. 影响；感动；侵袭
11.attention n. 注意；关注；注意力
12.income n. 收入
13.inspect vt. 检查；视察
14.incident n. 事件；事变
15.bite vt.& vi. 咬；叮；刺痛
16.fierce adj. 凶猛的；猛烈的
17.ending n. 结局；结尾
Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变)
1.appreciate vt.鉴赏；感激；意识到→appreciation n．感激；感谢
2.secure adj.安全的；可靠的→security n．安全
3.respond vi.回答；响应；做出反应→response n．回答；反应；响应
4.distant adj.远的；远处的；疏远的→distance n．距离；远方；疏远
5.relief n．(痛苦或忧虑的)减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物→relieve vt.使减轻；缓解
6.succeed vi.成功vt.接替；继任→success n．成功→successful adj.成功的→successfully adv.成功地
7.employ vt.雇用；利用(时间、精力等)→employer n．雇主→employee n．雇员；雇工→employment n．雇用；工作
8.harm n．& vt.损害；危害→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的
9.protection n．保护→protect vt.保护；防卫
10.mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；怜悯→merciful adj.仁慈的；怜悯的
[语境活用]
1.Eating too much every day is harmful to our health；that is to say, eating too much every day does harm to our health.(harm)
2.He succeeded his father as manager of the company.Soon their business became very successful.Lots of people wanted to know the secret of his success.(succeed)
3.None of the students responded to her question; that is to say, her question failed to get a response from any of the students.(respond)
4.The employer decided to employ Tom as her secretary and she hoped to have a talk with her employee before he came to work.(employ)
5.Lacking proper protection against cold, we tried to make a fire to protect us from the cold night.(protect)
6.The man is always distant towards his neighbors, so his neighbors often keep him at a distance.(distant)

(二)练中记短语——记牢用活
写准记牢
语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)
1.die_out　　　　　　　灭亡；逐渐消失
2.in_peace 和平地；和睦地；安详地
3.in_danger_(of) 在危险中；垂危
4.in_relief 如释重负；松了口气
5.burst_into_laughter 突然笑起来；大声笑了出来
6.protect_...from 保护……不受……(危害)
7.pay_attention_to 注意
8.come_into_being 形成；产生
9.according_to 按照；根据……所说
10.so_that 以致于；结果
11.without_mercy 毫不怜悯地
12.do_harm_to 对……有害
1.She was badly wounded and in_danger_of losing her life at any time.
2.More and more animals have been hunted, some of which are dying_out.
3.I'm curious to know when the dance club first came_into_being.
4.According_to what he said, he didn't get what he had wanted.
5.People of different religions have lived together in_peace for centuries in this country.
6.I smiled in_relief as the last of the children hurried out of the door.
7.We should pay_attention_to the pronunciation of the words when learning English.
8.The whole class burst_into_laughter when they heard the joke.

(三)仿写明句式——以用为本
教材原句
句式解读
句式仿写
1.It shows the importance of wildlife protection, but I'd like to help as the WWF suggests.
这体现了野生动植物保护的重要性，不过，我还是想按照世界野生生物基金会的建议来帮助你们。
as引导方式状语从句，意为“按照；如同”。
(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)如果你按照我告诉你的去做，我相信你会玩得很愉快。
If_you_do_as_I_tell_you,_I am sure you will have a great time.
2.After a while she saw some zebra with black and white lines going beneath their stomachs.
过了一会儿她看到了一些斑马，它们身上有一直延伸到腹部的黑白相间的条纹。
with复合结构。
她来到了一个两边长着红花绿草的小河边。
She came to a river with_green_grass_and_red_flowers_on_both_sides.
3.They learned this from the way the bones were joined together.
他们是根据(恐龙)骨骼的连接方式了解到这一点的。
the way作先行词，后跟省略了that/in which的定语从句。
你日常生活中发生的事情会改变你看待世界和世间的人的方式。
Something that happens in your daily life will change the_way_you_look_at_the_world and the people in it.
4.This is the only home of the red Colobus monkey but there are very few left.
这里是红髯猴唯一的家园，但是现在所剩无几了。
“there are very few left”是there be句型，其中left作few的定语。
(2015·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)我们学校的报纸上有一个栏目叫“外国文化”。
In the newspaper of our school there_is_a_column_called “Foreign Cultures”.

二、课堂重点深化

1．contain vt.包含；容纳；容忍；克制(强烈的感情等)
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①The stadium is large enough to_contain (contain) 100 thousand audience.
②Be especially careful of information contained (contain) in advertisements.
③He was so excited that he could hardly contain himself (he)．
　[系统归纳]
contain oneself　　　　　　 克制自己；自制
container n. 容器
　[易混辨析]　contain, include
contain
通常用来指某容器中盛有某物、装有某物；还可指某种物质中含有某种成分或含有其他物质，指作为组成部分而被包含或容纳在内

include
通常表示把某事物作为其中的一部分包含在内，在句中常构成分词短语sth.included或including sth.


　[重点强化]
易错对对碰(contain/include)
The container ④contains many kinds of fruits, ⑤including a pineapple/a pineapple ⑥included.
佳句时时写
⑦这里面包含了我童年拍摄的许多照片。照片记录了我在医院出生的情况、我的第一次微笑和我的第一次行走。
It contains_a_lot_of_pictures taken during my childhood.It keeps a record of my birth at the hospital, my first smile and my first walk.
2．affect vt.影响；感动；侵袭
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those whose lives were_affected (affect)．
②Affected with high fever, he continued with his work.
句式升级
③The audience was deeply affected by the film, and they couldn't hold back tears.(用分词作状语)
→Deeply_affected_by_the_film,_the audience couldn't hold back tears.
　[系统归纳]
(1)be affected by　　　 　 　 受……的影响；被……感动
be affected with 感染……疾病
(2)effect n. 作用；影响
come into effect 生效；开始实施
have an effect/influence on 对……产生影响
　[重点强化]
易错对对碰(affect/effect)
④It was the drought that seriously affected people's life.
⑤It's said that new rules will come into effect next month.
佳句时时写
⑥(2015·江苏高考书面表达)交通问题很难解决。它不仅影响我们的日常生活，而且对人民的生命可能造成威胁。
The traffic issue is very difficult to settle.It not only affects_our_everyday_life,_but may also threaten people's lives.
3．appreciate vt.鉴赏；感激；意识到；欣赏；重视
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①I'd appreciate your writing (write) me back as soon as possible.
②Here I sincerely express my appreciation (appreciate) for helping me find the lost suitcase.
　[系统归纳]
(1)appreciate＋n./pron./v.­ing 重视/感激……
I would appreciate it if ... 假如……我将不胜感激
(2)appreciation n. 欣赏；感激；感谢
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
③I would appreciate you if you could give me some advice on how to solve these problems.第一个you→it
佳句时时写
④在班级的几次英语活动中我成功地帮助了她，这受到师生的赞赏。
Successfully, I have lent a helping hand to her in several English activities of my class, which has_been_appreciated_by_both_teachers_and_my_classmates.
4．succeed vi.成功vt.接替；继任
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①John succeeded Tom as chairman of the Students' Union.
②It never occurred to me that you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.
③Success (succeed) consists in the ability to continue efforts through failures.
　[系统归纳]
(1)succeed in doing sth.　　　　 成功地做某事
succeed sb.as 接替某人成为……
(2)successful adj. 成功的
be successful in doing sth. 成功地做某事
(3)success n． [U]成功；成就；[C]成功的人或事
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
④Finally, I wish this year's English speech competition great success.competition后加a
佳句时时写
⑤(2016·浙江高考书面表达)这句名言告诉我们，如果我们想取得成功，不仅要周密计划，还要彻底实施。
The saying tells us that if we want to_succeed_in_doing_something,_we should not only plan carefully but also act it out thoroughly.
5．employ vt.雇用；利用(时间、精力等)
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①A number of people have been employed to_deal (deal) with the work.
②For the past three years he has been employed as a firefighter.
一句多译
她忙着给花浇水，没有注意到发生的一切。
③She was employed/employed herself in watering the flowers, so she did not notice what was happening.
④Employed_in_watering_the_flowers,_she did not notice what was happening.(过去分词短语作状语)
⑤Employing_herself_in_watering_the_flowers,_she did not notice what was happening.(现在分词短语作状语)
　[系统归纳]
(1)employ sb.as ...　　　　　　 雇用某人任……
employ sb.to do sth. 雇用某人做某事
忙于做某事；从事某事
(2)employment n. 雇用；工作
out of employment 失业
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑥It is stated in the law that the employ of children under 14 is forbidden. employ→employment
佳句时时写
⑦(2017·天津高考书面表达)I am very busy with my lessons now, for the College Entrance Examination, which is very important to me, is near.(升级加蓝词汇)employed_in

1．protect ...from保护……不受……(危害)
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①Troops have been sent to protect aid workers against attack.
②We should devote ourselves to protecting these animals from being_killed (kill)．
　[系统归纳]
(1)protect ...against　　　　 保护……以防……
阻止……做……


[名师指津]　以上短语在被动语态中from均不可省略；而在主动语态中，与stop/prevent搭配的from可以省去。
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
③He was prevented going to school because of his illness yesterday.prevented后加from
佳句时时写
④为了保护江豚免于灭绝，我们真诚希望你们能采取一些措施。
In order to protect Finless Porpoises from_extinction,_we sincerely hope you can help take some measures.
2．pay attention to注意；留意
　[系统归纳]
draw/attract/catch one's attention　 引起某人的注意
turn one's attention to ... 把注意力转移到……
fix/focus/concentrate one's attention on ...
注意力集中在……
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
①In order to protect the balance of nature, the professor suggested that we pay attention to improve people's environmental awareness.improve→improving
②He stood there, his attention fixing on the notice on the wall.fixing→fixed
佳句时时写
③我们要积极参加各种体育运动，注重心理健康，它与身体健康同等重要。
We need to be active in all kinds of sports, and pay_attention_to_mental_health which is equal to physical health.
3．the way＋定语从句
　[教材原句]　They learned this from the_way the bones were joined together.
　[自主体验]
①I think you hurt his pride by laughing at the_way_(that/in_which) he speaks English.
我觉得你嘲笑他说英语的方式伤害了他的自尊心。
②The_way_that/which came up at the meeting was unpractical.
在会议上提出的方法不切实际。
③School activities are usually considered a good way to_make_new_friends_and develop_new_interests.
学校活动通常被认为是一种不错的交新朋友和培养新业余爱好的方法。
　[归纳点拨]
用法规则
(1)way表示“方式；方法”时，其后常接in which或that引导的定语从句，也可以将关系词in which或that省略掉，此时关系词在从句中作状语。
(2)way后接定语从句时，如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语则用关系代词that/which，作宾语时还可以省略。
(3)way表示“方式；方法”时，其后还可接不定式或of doing sth.的形式。
注意事项
关系词的选择：
把先行词放到定语从句中，如果需要加介词，则需要关系副词，否则用关系代词。

[佳句背诵]
①(增分要点句)Yet in modern society somebody has to do ordinary jobs such as cleaning streets because this is the way society is organized.
②(增分要点句)Is this the way you can imagine to reduce air pollution?

本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与自然”中的“人与动植物”子话题相对应
一、话题语素积累多一点
子话题——人与动植物
(一)浅易词汇温一温
①survive　　 ②suspect　　 ③vary　　　 ④affect
⑤harm ⑥control ⑦arouse ⑧awareness
⑨root ⑩bamboo ⑪beast ⑫extinct
⑬creature ⑭attack ⑮bark ⑯hatch
⑰wildlife ⑱hunt ⑲decrease ⑳reserve
species disappear destroy punish

(二)生疏词汇记一记
①branch n．树枝；分枝 　 　 ②bush n．灌木丛；矮树丛
③fibre (美fiber) n．纤维质 ④maple n．枫树
⑤pine n．松树 ⑥seaweed n．海草；海藻；海带
⑦botanical adj.植物学的 ⑧insect n．昆虫
⑨butterfly n．蝴蝶 ⑩dinosaur n．恐龙
⑪giraffe n．长颈鹿 ⑫kangaroo n．袋鼠
⑬squirrel n．松鼠 ⑭tortoise n．陆龟
⑮howl vi.嚎叫 ⑯evolution n．进化；演变
⑰ecology n．生态；生态学 ⑱bacterium (pl.bacteria) n．细菌
⑲breakthrough n．重大进展；突破
⑳clone n．克隆(无性繁殖出来的有机体群)
endangered adj.濒临灭绝的
primitive adj.原始的；远古的
(三)常用词块忆一忆
①depend on 　　　　　　　　　　　　 依靠
②up to 多达
③manage to do sth. 成功做某事
④deal with 处理
⑤environmental pollution 环境污染
⑥air quality 空气质量
⑦public means of transportation 公共交通工具
⑧the number of ……的数量
⑨in harmony with 与……和谐相处
⑩attach great importance to 十分重视
⑪play a role in 在……起作用
⑫cut down 砍倒
⑬be faced with 面临
⑭make a difference 有影响
⑮take action/steps/measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事
(四)写作佳句背一背
①All animals and plants are important, because each species contributes to the variety of life forms on the Earth and plays an important role in maintaining life.
②The reason why the number of the wildlife is decreasing is that their living places have been badly destroyed.
③In modern times, with the development of economy and the improvement of people's life, more and more trees have been cut down.
二、话题书面表达亮一点
[题目要求]
假定你是李华，是某国际学校高三(1)班的班长，为了动员大家积极参加学校组织的一次有关环保的辩论赛，你准备进行一个以“Environmental Protection”为主题的班会。请你根据以下提示用英语写一篇发言稿，要点如下：
1．陈述目前的环境状况；
2．简析环境污染的原因及影响；
3．提出保护环境的措施。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头语与结尾语已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Good morning, everyone!



Thank you!
　　　
[写作4步走]
第一步：句写对——给词写句
deal with, air quality, environmental pollution, harm, public means of transportation, take in, control, arouse, the number of, awareness, poisonous gas　　
1．我们确实需要做些事情来解决环境污染这个问题。
We_really_need_to_do_something_to_deal_with_environmental_pollution.
2．城市空气质量最近变得越来越差。
The_air_quality_in_cities_is_recently_becoming_worse_and_worse.
3．更多的人开私家车去上班，工厂不断地将有毒气体排放到空气中。
More_people_drive_private_cars_to_work_and_factories_keep_sending_poisonous_gases_into_the_air.
4．一旦人们吸入这些气体，人们的健康就会受到损害。
People's_health_is_harmed_once_they_take_in_these_gases.
5．我们应该控制汽车的数量。
We_should_control_the_number_of_cars.
6．作为学生，我们最好步行或乘坐公共交通工具去学校。
As_students,_we'd_better_walk_or_take_public_means_of_transportation_to_school.
7．我们应该尽最大努力唤起人们对环境保护的意识。
We_should_try_our_best_to_arouse_people's_awareness_of_environmental_protection.
第二步：量写够——语句扩充
8．句1增加介词with短语“随着环境污染日益严重”。
With_the_increasingly_serious_environmental_pollution,_we_really_need_to_do_something_to_deal_with_it.
9．句2增加主句“显而易见的是”。
It's_noticeable_that_the_air_quality_in_cities_is_recently_becoming_worse_and_worse.
10．句4增加并列句“这可能会导致一系列疾病，比如肺癌”。
People's_health_is_harmed_once_they_take_in_these_gases,_and_this_may_cause_a_series_of_diseases_like_lung_cancer.
11．句5增加不定式“为了改善这种状况”和并列结构“防止工厂随意倾倒垃圾”。
To_improve_the_situation,_we_should_control_the_number_of_cars_and_prevent_the_factories_pouring_wastes_casually.
第三步：语写美——词句升格
1．句6与句7合为一句。
As_students,_we'd_better_walk_or_take_public_means_of_transportation_to_school_and_try_our_best_to_arouse_people's_awareness_of_environmental_protection.
2．用定语从句改写句10。
People's_health_is_harmed_once_they_take_in_these_gases,_which_may_cause_a_series_of_diseases_like_lung_cancer.
第四步：篇连顺——衔接成文
在介绍环境污染的原因时可用“Various causes contribute to this terrible situation.”导入下文。
Good morning, everyone!
With_the_increasingly_serious_environmental_pollution,_we_really_need_to_do_something_to_deal_with_it.It's_noticeable_that_the_air_quality_in_cities_is_recently_becoming_worse_and_worse.Various_causes_contribute_to_this_terrible_situation.More_people_drive_private_cars_to_work_and_factories_keep_sending_poisonous_gases_into_the_air.People's_health_is_harmed_once_they_take_in_these_gases,_which_may_cause_a_series_of_diseases_like_lung_cancer.To_improve_the_situation,_we_should_control_the_number_of_cars_and_prevent_the_factories_pouring_wastes_casually.As_students,_we'd_better_walk_or_take_public_means_of_transportation_to_school_and_try_our_best_to_arouse_people's_awareness_of_environmental_protection.
Thank you!

一、复现单元考点——增强备考信心
Ⅰ.高考中的语法填空
1．(2017·浙江高考)Why do you think environmental protection (protect) is important in America?
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)When the container (contain) is full, you can suck the refreshment out through the tube.
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings.
4．(2015·湖南高考)Inspections (inspect) were a regular part of lighthouse (灯塔) living, and a keeper's reputation depended on the results.
5．(2015·陕西高考)In modern society, punctuality is a necessary virtue.It is a recognition of the importance (important) of other people.
6．(2014·湖南高考)No previous experience or special background is required.Many others have been successful (succeed) this way.
7．(2014·江苏高考)In contemporary culture, physical expressions of anger are generally considered too socially harmful (harm) to be tolerated.
8．(2012·浙江高考)Laughter (laugh) over the sandwich can lead to insults, which in turn can lead to violence.
Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空
(选用affect, respond, appreciate填空)
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ完形填空)On March 19，Dennis got a group text informing him that a couple he didn't know were at the hospital, waiting for the arrival of a baby.
“Congratulations! But I think someone was mistaken，” Dennis __46__.The baby was born and update texts were coming in quickly from the overjoyed grandmother, Teresa.responded
2．(2018·天津高考完形填空)From the experience I learned a lot about how the attitude of the leader can __33__ the members of a team.Instead of seeing my boys as losers, I pushed and encouraged them.I helped them to see themselves differently, and they built themselves into winners.affect
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ完形填空)Much to the family's surprise, Dennis stuck to his promise! He turned up at the hospital bearing gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy.Lindsey's husband was totally astonished by the unexpected visit.“I don't think we would have randomly invited him over but we __55__ it and the gifts.”appreciate
二、复现话题词汇——提高阅读准度

新高考下的命题新视角：地球是我们人类赖以生存的地方，是我们的家园。野生动物是人类的朋友，保护它们就是保护人类自己。人与自然是时代的主题，该话题也越来越多地出现在高考试题中。平时多注意身边的人和事、关注自然环境，学会与大自然和谐相处。
[话题感悟]
学习目标 ——语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深
(加蓝词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)
[1] A Chinese television reality show called“Wonderful Friends”， where entertainers hug whale sharks, kiss lions, feed pandas and dress up baby chimpanzees, has come under fire from wildlife protectors who want it to be stopped, saying such activities are cruel and are dangerous for both the humans and animals.
[2] The show is the latest hit from Hunan TV, which has attracted more than 196, 000 followers.In each show, popular stars are given zoo­keeping tasks that allow them to interact with wild animals in order to bring humans and animals closer together.
[3] Animal welfare advocates say that is exactly what should be avoided.Dave Neale of Animals Asia(an advocacy group) said, “It is hugely misleading to the public about the needs and welfare of captive animals (圈养动物) and putting the animals' welfare and health at risk.”
[4] “What they don't realize is that wild animals need space，” said Xie Yan, who is a zoologist.“Putting clothes on chimpanzees is not as adorable as you may think from the animals' point of view.I guess their idea was to get their viewers to love and protect the animals，” Ms.Xie added, “but we do not agree with this approach for entertainment.”
[5] Using famous people to focus public attention on wildlife is a common practice in conservation campaigns.The Chinese basketball legend Yao Ming went to Africa and highlighted the problem of elephant and rhinoceros poaching (偷猎) in the documentary “The End of the Wild”．“But differently, he, as a human observer, kept his distance and was there to see the hard truth of poaching, and that is different from a show created to attract viewers，” Ms.Xie said.
[6] Critics also argue that the show violates (违反) Chinese wildlife protection laws.
语篇解读：湖南卫视推出的真人秀电视节目《奇妙的朋友》在引起公众关注的同时，遭到了野生动物保护者的反对和批评。
1．Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．Many people like the show because of its dangerous activities.
B．Xie Yan is against persuading the public to love and protect animals.
C．The reality show makes no difference to wildlife at all.
D．Some think the show is against wildlife protection laws of China.
解析：选D　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段内容可知，一些评论家认为这档节目违反了中国野生动物保护法。故选D项。
2．According to Ms.Xie, “Wonderful Friends” is basically different from “The End of the Wild”， because ________.
A．they both invite different popular stars to show up
B．they shoot different numbers and kinds of species
C．their filming locations are different
D．their purposes and ways to approach animals are different
解析：选D　细节理解题。根据文章第五段最后一句可知，《奇妙的朋友》和《野性的终结》的区别在于它们接近动物的目的和方式不同。故选D项。
3．What's the author's attitude toward “Wonderful Friends”？
A．Worried.　　　　　 　 　 B．Disappointed.
C．Uninterested. D．Not mentioned.
解析：选D　推理判断题。通读全文可知，文中阐述了一些野生动物保护者对《奇妙的朋友》持反对态度，但作者并未提及自己对这一真人秀节目的态度。故选D项。
4．The passage would most likely be found ________.
A．on a notice board
B．in a newspaper
C．in a fashion magazine
D．in an ad of wildlife protection
解析：选B　文章出处题。本文是对湖南卫视推出的真人秀电视节目《奇妙的朋友》引发动物保护者们的讨论，因此最有可能出自报纸。故选B项。

学习目标 ——题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透
推理判断技法(3)——3角度巧解观点态度题
(1)掌握三个解题切入点：①论述方法；②措辞；③语气
(2)明确三类作者态度：①支持、赞同、乐观；②客观、中立；③反对、批评、怀疑、悲观
(3)清楚干扰项的四个特征：①模糊表达；②绝对化；③过于强烈；④文中他人态度
上文第3题的解题思路可图解如下：