2021版高三英语人教版一轮复习讲义：选修七Unit3　Underthesea

Unit 3　Under the sea阅读词汇1.anecdote n.　　　　　　轶事;奇闻2.migration n. 迁徙;迁居;移居3.shore n. 岸;海滨4.offshore adv.& adj.  近海(的);离岸(的)5.suck vt.& vi. 吮吸6.lip n.   一片嘴唇;(容器或洞的)边,口7.shark n. 鲨鱼8.telescope n. 望远镜9.tide n.  潮(汐);潮水;潮流10.dimension n. 维(数);方面;侧面11.seaweed n.  海草;海藻12.flashlight n.   闪光信号灯;手电筒;闪光灯13.grey adj.& n.   灰色(的)14.steep adj.  陡峭的15.boundary n. 界限;分界线16.Antarctic adj.  南极的17.the Antarctic 南极洲18.seal n. 海豹;封条;印章19.pension n.  养老金;退休金20.pensioner n. 领取养老金者识记词汇1.annual adj.　　　每年的;按年度计算的n. 年刊;年鉴2.witness vt. 当场见到;目击n. 目击者;证人;证据3.accommodation n. 住所;住宿4.opposite prep. 在……对面adj. 相对的;相反的5.yell vi. 大叫;呼喊n. 叫声;喊声6.pause vi.& n. 暂停;中止7.teamwork n. 协作;配合8.dive vi.& n. 跳水(的动作);潜水(的动作);俯冲9.flee vi. 逃避;逃跑vt. 逃离10.drag vt. 拖;拉;扯11.depth n. 深(度);深处识记词汇12.meantime adv.　　其间;同时13.relationship n. 关系;血缘关系;交往14.conservation n. 保存;保护15.urge vt. 催促;极力主张;驱策16.abandon vt. 放弃;遗弃;抛弃17.jog vi. 慢跑vt. 轻推;轻撞18.seaside n.& adj. 海边(的);海滨(的)19.net n. 网;网状物;网络20.target n. 目标;靶;受批评的对象21.reflect vi. 思考vt. 映射;反射;思考22.pure adj. 纯的;纯粹的;纯洁的23.cell n. 细胞;(蜂房的)巢室24.aware adj. 意识到的;知道的25.vivid adj. 生动的;鲜明的;鲜艳的26.neat adj. <口>好的;整齐的;匀称的27.narrow adj. 狭窄的;有限的;狭隘的28.sharp adj. 锐利的;锋利的;敏捷的29.tasty adj. 好吃的;可口的30.scare vt. 恐吓vi. 受惊吓31.shallow adj. 浅的;肤浅的;浅显的32.awesome adj. 使人敬畏的;令人畏惧的拓展词汇1.accommodation n.住所;住宿→ accommodate vt.提供住宿2.depth n.深(度);深处→ deep adj.&adv.深的(地)→ deeply adv.深深地→ deepen v.使加深;使强烈;变深3.urge vt.催促;极力主张;驱策→ urgent adj.紧急的;迫切的4.abandon vt.放弃;遗弃;抛弃→ abandoned adj.被遗弃的;放纵的5.relationship n.关系;血缘关系;交往→ relate v.使有联系;叙述;涉及→ related adj.有关系的;有关联的→ relation n.关系;叙述拓展词汇6.conservation n.保存;保护→ conserve v.保存;保护7.reflect vi.& vt.思考;映射;反射;思考→ reflection n.反射;反映;映像8.aware adj.意识到的;知道的→ awareness n.意识;认识9.sharp adj.锐利的;锋利的;敏捷的→ sharpen v.削尖;磨快;尖锐;变锋利→ sharpener n.铅笔刀;磨具10.tasty adj.好吃的;可口的→ taste n.味道 v.品尝→ tasteless adj.无味的11.scare vt.恐吓 vi.受惊吓→ scared adj.恐惧的;害怕的→ scary adj.恐怖的;可怕的短语记忆1.help (...) out　　　帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难 2.be∕become aware of 对……知道、明白;意识到……3.upside down 上下翻转4.(be) scared to death 吓死了句型整理1.It was a time when the killer whales,or “killers” as they were then called,helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.那个时期,虎鲸(当时被称为“杀手”)帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。2.As we drew closer,I could see a whale being attacked by a pack of about six other killers.随着我们的靠近,我能看见一条鲸鱼正被其他大约6条(虎鲸)袭击。3.This was the call that announced there was about to be a whale hunt.这是宣告捕鲸行动马上就要开始的呼声。4.The water was quite shallow but where the reef ended,there was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor.水很浅,但是到了珊瑚礁的尽头,就有一个陡坡,一直下降到满是沙子的海底。重点语法Revise the Passive Voice (Ⅱ) (including the -ing form)[复习被动语态(Ⅱ)](含动词的-ing形式)1.witness n.目击者;证人;证据vt.当场见到;目击;见证归纳拓展①a witness to sth.……的目击者∕见证人②witness to (doing) sth.作证(说)(做)某事(to为介词)③give witness to 作为……的证据;证明单句填空①Italy, which has a much weaker tradition of immigration,has witnessed(witness) a sharp increase in immigration in recent years.(2017年6月浙江,阅读理解C)②The driver witnessed to having seen (see) the man enter the building.③The late 20th century witnessed (witness) the rapid development of China’s economy.巧学助记The witness who witnessed the accident gave witness to the police and promised to be a witness.这个目击了这场事故的目击者向警方提交了证据并答应作证人。 witness作及物动词,其主语可以是时间或地点,表示“某地或某时见证了某事的发生”。类似动词有see,find等,为拟人手法。2.abandon vt.放弃;遗弃;抛弃;离弃归纳拓展①abandon oneself to 沉溺于②be abandoned to(to为介词)沉溺于③abandon doing sth.放弃做某事④with abandon放任地,放纵地单句填空①...in order to satisfy the desire,they may go so far as to abandon(abandon) their sense of right and wrong.②Feeling frustrated,I found myself abandoning myself to playing (play) computer games.③That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images,showing when and who they were made by,or abandoning (abandon)phone calls altogether and moving towards data-based communications...(2019北京,阅读理解C)3.scare vt.恐吓vi.受惊吓归纳拓展①scare sb.away∕off 把某人吓跑②scare sb.into∕out of doing sth.吓得某人做∕不敢做某事③be scared to do sth.害怕干某事④be scared of 害怕……⑤be scared to death 吓死单句填空①However, it became scared (scare) and started to run like crazy.(2018年6月浙江,读后续写)②I was scared to death(die) at the thought of being bitten by the dog.选词填空(into∕off)③Jeff had hunted in Iowa before Thanksgiving with his dog,Rosie,but the gun shots had scared the dog off.(2019全国Ⅱ,完形填空)④Some parents try to scare their children into behaving well.4.urge vt.催促;极力主张;力促n.冲动;迫切要求归纳拓展①urge sb.to do sth.催促某人做某事②urge+that...(should+)do 主张……③It is urged that sb.(should) do sth.坚决要求∕极力主张某人做某事④have an urge to do sth.迫切要做某事⑤urgency n. urgent adj.单句填空①...does the possibility of frequent communication today mean that the urge to do(do) so wasn’t present a generation ago?②Because of all this extra time,there was no sense of urgency (urge) to do my school work immediately.(2018年6月浙江,完形填空)1.help (...) out 帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难;协助;使(某人)脱离困境归纳拓展①help sb.with∕(to) do sth.帮助某人做某事②can’t help doing sth.忍不住做某事③can’t help to do不能帮忙做某事④can’t help but do 只得做,不得不做⑤help oneself (to sth.) 随便用(食物等)用help相关短语形式完成句子①如果你来不及做完,我会帮你一把。If you haven’t got time to finish I’ll help you out.②请帮我打扫一下屋子好吗?Would you please help me clean the room?③由于有如此多的工作要做,他不得不向朋友们求助。With so much work to do,he can’t help but ask his friends for help.2.be∕become∕get aware of 对……知道、明白;意识到……归纳拓展①be aware that...知道;体会到……②make sb.aware that∕of...提醒某人注意……③raise one’s awareness of... 提高某人的……意识④develop an awareness of...逐渐懂得……单句填空①Some activities should be carried out to make people aware of the importance of donating blood.完成句子②If she had been aware that(她意识到) the mushrooms were poisonous,she would not have picked them for dinner.③There are lots of ways  to raise awareness (提升意识)for a cause.(2019年6月浙江,完形填空)3.hold up 举起;抬起;阻止归纳拓展①hold on坚持;抓住;稍等(电话用语)②hold back 踌躇,阻止③hold out 坚持到底;伸出(手)用hold相关短语填空①1870年,狄更斯去世了,全世界为他深深默哀,把他当作是首位著名的,又受人尊敬的职业作家和出版商,在小说出版和读者数量上引领了爆炸性的发展。他所塑造的人物,从奥利弗到小蒂姆,都被当作了道德的标杆。In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose characters—from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim—were held up as moral touchstones.(2018年6月浙江,阅读理解A)②警察阻拦不住人群。The police were unable to hold back the crowd.1.It was a time when the killer whales,or “killers” as they were then called,helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.那个时期,虎鲸(当时被称为“杀手”)帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。It∕There∕This∕That was a time when...是when引导的定语从句,修饰先行词a time “曾经;一度”。归纳拓展其他与time有关的句型:①It∕This∕That is the first∕second∕...time that sb.have∕has doneIt∕This∕That was the first∕second∕...time that sb.had done这∕那是某人第几次做某事②It is (high∕about) time that sb.did∕sb.should do sth.该是某人做某事的时候了(should不可以省略)完成句子①他生活在一个盲人无法接受大量教育的时代。He lived in a time when the blind couldn’t get much education.②那个国家曾经很强大。There was a time when that nation was a powerful country.③这是这位总统第一次访问这个国家。This is the first time that the President has visited the country.2.As we drew closer,I could see a whale being attacked by a pack of about six other killers.随着我们的靠近,我能看见一条鲸鱼正被其他大约六条(虎鲸)袭击。see a whale being attacked看到一条鲸鱼正在被袭击,句中being attacked作宾语补足语,表示被动的含义。being done结构是doing的被动形式, 在句中作主语、宾语、定语、宾语补足语等。完成句子①当我还是个孩子时,我喜欢看修理自行车。When I was a child,I liked to watch bicycles being repaired.②正在建设的这所学校是给这个地区的孩子们使用的。The school being built is for the children in the area.③她受不了人家那样跟她开玩笑。She could not bear being made fun of like that. “being done”形式作宾语补足语和后置定语时表被动同时又表进行,然而在作主语和宾语时仅表被动。3.This was the call that announced there was about to be a whale hunt.这是宣告捕鲸行动马上就要开始的呼声。归纳拓展①be about to do表示打算或即将发生的动作,但它不与表示将来时间的副词或其他具体将来时间状语连用。但可以与when连用,构成固定句型:be about to do...when...正要干……这时……②be to do表示约定的、计划中的或按职责、义务、要求要发生的动作。③be going to do表示打算、计划、决定要做的事或将要发生的事,还可以表示说话人根据已有的事实或迹象认为某事即将发生。完成句子①他将要谈论你如何找到合适的人来制作你的音乐。He’s going to talk about how you can find the right person to produce your music.②社交机器人即将以一种更加人性化的方式为日常生活带来科技……Social robots are about to bring technology to the everyday world in a more humanized way...③我们明天八点见面。We are to meet at 8 o’clock tomorrow.4.The water was quite shallow but where the reef ended,there was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor.水很浅,但到了珊瑚礁的尽头,就有一个陡坡,一直下降到满是沙子的海底。句型where...,there be...表示“有……的地方,就有……”。完成句子①有志者事竟成。Where there is a will,there is a way.②留得青山在,不怕没柴烧。Where there is life,there is hope.