2021版高三英语人教版一轮复习讲义：必修二Unit3　Computers

Unit 3　Computers阅读词汇1.calculator n.　　　计算器2.laptop n. 手提电脑3.analytical adj. 分析的4.universal adj. 普遍的;通用的;宇宙的5.revolution n. 革命6.artificial adj. 人造的;假的7.mathematical adj. 数学的8.designer n. 设计师9.tube n. 管;管子;电子管10.network n. 网络;网状物11.web n. 网12.rocket n. 火箭13.download vt. 下载14.virus n. 病毒15.android n. 机器人16.mop n. 拖把vt. 用拖把拖;擦17.naughty adj. 顽皮的;淘气的18.spoil vt.  损坏;宠坏识记词汇1.calculate vt. 　 　计算2.simplify vt. 简化3.sum n. 总数;算术题;金额4.operator n. (电脑)操作员;接线员5.logical adj. 合逻辑的;合情理的6.logically adv. 逻辑上;合逻辑地;有条理地7.technology n. 工艺;科技;技术8.technological adj. 科技的9.intelligence n. 智力;聪明;智能10.intelligent adj. 智能的;聪明的11.solve vt. 解决;解答12.reality n. 真实;事实;现实13.personal adj. 私人的;个人的;亲自的14.personally adv. 就个人而言;亲自15.total adj. 总的;整个的 n. 总数;合计16.totally adv. 完全地;整个地17.application n. 应用;用途;申请18.finance n. 金融;财经19.mobile adj. 可移动的;机动的20.explore vt.& vi. 探索;探测;探究21.anyhow adv. (也作anyway)无论如何;即使如此22.goal n. 目标;目的;球门;(进球)得分23.happiness n. 幸福;快乐24.signal vi.& vt. 发信号n. 信号25.type n. 类型 vt.& vi. 打字26.arise vi.(arose, arisen) 出现;发生识记词汇27.appearance n.　　　外观;外貌;出现28.character n. 性格;特点29.coach n. 教练30.electronic adj. 电子的31.niece n. 侄女;甥女拓展词汇1.operator n.(电脑)操作员;接线员→operate v.操作;经营→operation n.操作;经营2.simplify vt.简化→simple adj.简单的3.intelligent adj.智能的;聪明的→intelligence n.智力;聪明;智能4.total adj.总的;整个的 n.总数;合计→totally adv.完全地;整个地5.personal adj.私人的;个人的;亲自的→personally adv.就个人而言;亲自→personality n.个性;人格;风云人物;名人6.application n.应用;用途;申请→apply v.应用;涉及;申请→applicant n.申请人;求职者7.finance n.金融;财经→financial adj.财政的;金融的;资金的8.explore vt.& vi.探索;探测;探究→explorer n.探险家;勘探者→exploration n.勘探;探测;探险9.appearance n.外观;外貌;出现→appear vi.出现短语记忆1.as a result　　　　　结果2.in a way 在某种程度上3.deal with 处理;安排;对付4.watch over 看守;监视5.with the help of 在……的帮助下6.from...on  从……时起7.provide...for... 给……提供……8.have sth.in common 有共同之处9.share...with... 与……分享10.make up 弥补;编造;打扮;构成句型整理1.I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage.我发育缓慢,差不多到了两百年之后,查尔斯·巴比奇才把我制成了一台分析机。2.Over time my memory has developed so much that,like an elephant,I never forget anything I have been told!随着时间的推移,我的记忆能力发展得如此之快,就像一头大象一样,我从来不会忘记告诉我的任何事情!3.As time went by,I was made smaller.随着时间的推移,我被做得越来越小。重点语法The Present Perfect Passive Voice(现在完成时的被动语态)1.anyhow adv.无论如何;即使如此归纳拓展①作“无论如何,不管怎样”讲时,anyhow和anyway一样,都用作让步状语,一般置于句中(其前常有连词but)或句末。②somehow 以某种方式;不知怎么地③somewhat 稍微;有些 选词填空(somehow∕anyhow∕somewhat)①It was felt that the scandal would damage her reputation but the press reported it anyhow.②Somehow,he lost his way in the dense fog.③That action turned the block into somewhat a wheel.2.signal vi.& vt.发信号n.信号归纳拓展①signal (to) sb.to do sth.示意某人做某事②signal (sb.) that 示意……③a danger∕warning∕traffic signal 危险∕警告∕交通信号　④send out a signal发出信号单句填空①In addition, their arms that are unnecessary for moving around are freed for other purposes, like throwing stones or signaling (signal).(2019江苏,任务型阅读)②Rani’s friendliness—her warm smile,her nods,her ‘I’m here for you’ attitude—were all silent signals that didn’t travel through wires.3.arise vi.出现;发生归纳拓展①作“呈现,出现,发生”之意时,多以抽象名词作主语,如:argument,problem,quarrel,question,movement等。②arise from∕out of 由……而引起,由……而产生;从……中产生 完成句子①While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise(许多其他情况会出现).(2019全国Ⅲ,七选五)②由于缺乏交流而产生问题。Problems arise from∕out of the lack of communication.词语辨析:单词词性词义过去式过去分词v.-ingarise(vi.)出现,发生,起因于arosearisenarisingarouse(vt.)唤醒,激起arousedarousedarousingrise(vi.)升起,起身,增长,上升roserisenrisingraise(vt.)举起,唤起,提高,饲养raisedraisedraising用rise,raise,arose,arise的适当形式填空One of the problems arising from the present economic situation is that the price is rising sharply,of course,partly because some illegal businessmen raise it on purpose,which has aroused some objection.当前经济形势产生的问题之一是价格迅速上涨,当然,部分原因是一些不法商贩故意提高价格;这种现象已经引起了一片反对之声。1.as a result 结果;因此归纳拓展①as a result of 作为……的结果,由于②without result 毫无结果地;无效地③result in=lead to 导致,造成④result from 是由……造成的用result的相关短语填空①Kids will feel like they’re not good enough or that you don’t care and, as a result, may see no point in trying hard for their accomplishments.(2019年6月浙江,概要写作)②根据这项调查,我们并没有因为互联网而变为记忆差的人。According to the study,we are not becoming people with poor memories as a result of the Internet.③不遵守公园的规则结果会导致不给退款就被赶出公园。Failure to observe all Park rules could result in being driven out of the Park without refund.2.in a way 在某点;在某种程度上;从某种意义上来说(=in one way)归纳拓展①in the way 妨碍;挡路②in no way 一点也不;决不③by way of 途经④on one’s way∕the way to 在去……路上;即将到来⑤all the way 一路上;一直;始终⑥No way!没门!⑦by the way顺便说一下完成句子①Too much praise can backfire and,when given in a way (当以一种……的方式)that’s insincere, make kids afraid to try new things or take a risk for fear of not being able to stay on top where their parents’ praise has put them.(2019年6月浙江,概要写作) ②她的社交活动妨碍了她的学习。Her social life got in the way of her studies.③理论决不能脱离实践。In no way can theory be separated from practice.①表达“在某种程度上”时,还可用in a sense,to a∕some degree及to an∕some extent。②in no way 置于句首时,句子要用部分倒装。In no way should we lose heart when we are faced with difficulties.面对困难时,我们决不失去信心。3.deal with 处理;对付;论述,论及;交易,做买卖归纳拓展①do with sth.处理某事②deal in sth.做……生意;经营;买卖③make a deal 达成协议;做成交易④It’s a deal.成交;一言为定。 完成句子①现在学会如何与人相处,因为当你成年后,你不能选择你的老板和同事。Learn how to deal with people now,because when you’re an adult,you don’t get to choose your boss or you co-workers...②我肯定我们能够帮你做成一笔好交易。I am sure that we can help you to make a good deal. deal with中的deal为不及物动词,常与疑问词how连用,表示“怎么处理∕对待”;do with中的do为及物动词,表示“怎么处理∕对待”时,常与疑问词what连用。一句多译我不知道他们将如何处理这个问题。③I don’t know how they will deal with the problem.④I don’t know what they will do with the problem.4.watch over看守;监视;照看 归纳拓展①watch out (for) 密切注视;当心;提防②keep (a) watch on 监视③on∕off watch在∕不在值班④be on the watch for 留神;注意 用watch相关词组完成句子①那位母亲昨天晚上大部分时间一直照看着生病的婴儿。The mother was watching over her sick baby most of the time last night.②注意一个戴黑帽子的身材高大的男人。Watch out for a tall man in a black hat.③警方正密切注意着那些人的活动。The police are keeping (a) close watch on the activities of those men. 1.I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage.我发育缓慢,差不多到了两百年之后,查尔斯·巴比奇才把我制成了一台分析机。该句使用了“It took+一段时间+before+从句(一般过去时)”句型,表示“过了一段时间后才……”。 归纳拓展①It will (not) be+时间段+before+从句(现在时)　要过一段时间后才……(用不了一段时间就……)　②It was (not)+时间段+before+从句(过去时)　过了一段时间后才……(没过一段时间就……) 完成句子①我们花了几个月的时间才解决了公司的财政问题。It took months before we solved the financial problem of our company.②还有半年你就从这所学校毕业了。It will be half a year before you graduate from the school.2.Over time my memory has developed so much that,like an elephant,I never forget anything I have been told!随着时间的推移,我的记忆能力发展得如此之快,就像一头大象一样,我从来不会忘记告诉我的任何事情!so...that...引导结果状语从句,意为“如此……以至于……”。 归纳拓展①so...that...基本句式:②such...that...也可引导结果状语从句:③so,such修饰的成分置于句首时,句子常用倒装语序。④so+adj.∕adv.+that...句型中,若结果状语从句是否定形式,可以转换成“too...to...”结构;若结果状语从句是肯定形式,可以转换成“...enough to...”结构。一句多译天气如此热,谁也不想干活。①It was so hot a day that nobody wanted to do anything.②It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.完成句子③“电视耳机”如此舒服以至于杰克忘记正戴着它们!TV Ears is so comfortable that Jack forgets he has them on!3.As time went by,I was made smaller.随着时间的推移,我被做得越来越小。 归纳拓展①as是连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“随着”。②with“随着”,是介词,后接名词或代词,构成with短语或with复合结构。 完成句子①随着年龄的增长,我们变得越来越聪明。As we grow older,we get wiser.②冬天来临了,天越来越冷。With winter coming on,it is getting colder and colder day by day.一句多译随着时间的流逝,我们的知识拓展了。③As time went on,our knowledge broadened.(用as结构)④With time going on,our knowledge broadened.(用with复合结构)⑤Time going on,our knowledge broadened. (用独立主格结构)