2021高三统考北师大版英语一轮（经典版）学案：第一编Book8Unit23Conflict


Unit 23　Conflict


1.If you go with a friend, plan schedules ahead of time so there won't be conflicts that keep one of you from going.
如果你是和朋友一起去，在去之前安排好时间以免你们中的一位因为时间冲突不能前往。
2.Though the conflict of resources still exists in the world nowadays like before, people are more reasonable and there are other solutions to settle conflicts.
尽管当今世界的资源冲突仍像以前一样存在，但人们更明智并且有其他办法解决冲突。
3.If we are all willing to make a compromise with each other when we are in dispute, quarrels and conflicts will be avoided and we will surely live in peace.
当我们有争论的时候，如果我们能够相互妥协，争吵和冲突就能避免，大家自然可以和平共处。
4.Instead of blaming each other, we should communicate more and put ourselves in others' places.
我们应该多交流并设身处地为他人着想，而不是互相埋怨。
自主排查 夯基固本

Ⅰ　核心单词
(1)betray (vt.) 出卖，背叛→betrayer (n.) 叛徒；背信者；告密者
(2)furnished (adj.) 配有家具的→furniture (n.) 家具→furnish (vt.) 提供；供应
(3)expose (vt.) 使置身于危险中；暴露→exposure (n.) 暴露→exposed (adj.) 暴露的；无掩蔽的
(4)departure (n.) 离开，离去→depart (vi.) 离开，离去
(5)classify (vt.) 把……分类→classified (adj.) 分类的；机密的→classification (n.) 分类；类别；等级
(6)subscribe (vi.) 订阅(杂志或报纸)
(7)appoint (vt.) 任命，委任→appointment (n.) 任命，约定
(8)possession (n.) 私有物品→possess (vt.) 占有，拥有
(9)allowance (n.) 津贴，零用钱
(10)criticise (v.) 批评
(11)contradict (v.) 反驳；与……矛盾/抵触
(12)sarcastic (adj.) 讽刺的，挖苦的
(13)unconscious (adj.) 失去知觉的→consciousness (n.) 知觉，清醒
(14)representative (n.) 代表→represent (vt.) 代表，象征
(15)greet (vt.) 问候，致意→greeting (n.) 问候，致意→greetings (pl.) 问候的话；贺词
(16)remark (vt.) 说起；谈到 (n.) 言论，注意→remarkable (adj.) 值得注意的；非凡的
(17)distribute (vt.) 分发，分配→distribution (n.) 分发，分配
(18)consume (vt.) 吃，喝；消耗，消费→consumption (n.) 消费，消耗→consumer (n.) 消费者
(19)acquaintance (n.) 相识的人→acquaint (vt.) 相识，结识
(20)strengthen (vt.) (使)变强，加强→strength (n.) 力气，力量
(21)despite (prep.) 不管
(22)intend (v.) 想要，打算→intention (n.) 目的，意图
(23)expense (n.) 费用，开支→expensive (adj.) 贵的，昂贵的
(24)arbitrary (adj.) 任意的
(25)confidential (adj.) 秘密的
Ⅱ　阅读单词
(1)friction (n.) 不和，冲突；摩擦
(2)holy (adj.) 圣洁的
(3)memorial (n.) 纪念碑→memory (n.) 记忆；记忆力→memorize (vt.) 记住；记忆
(4)justice (n.) 公正，正义→just (adj.) 公平的；公正的
(5)immigration (n.) 移居→immigrate (vt.) 移入；使移居入境
(6)civilian (n.) 平民→civil (adj.) 公民的；民事的
(7)prejudice (n.) 偏见
(8)racial (adj.) 种族的；人种的→race (n.) 种族
(9)adolescent (adj.) 青春期的→adolescent (n.) 青少年→adolescence (n.) 青春期
(10)statesman (n.) 政治家→statesmanship (n.) 政治才能
(11)security (n.) 安全→secure (vt.) 使安全 (adj.) 安全的
(12)weep (v.) 流泪，哭泣
(13)shoot (v.) 射击
(14)salute (v.) 向……致敬
(15)sob (v.) 抽泣，呜咽
(16)swear (v.) 发誓
　[单句语法填空]
1.“Nothing in this letter shall be considered as a licence to use the artist's personal ________ (possess)”， the judge declared on the court.
答案：possessions
2.By 2025, when the number of ________ (consume) worldwide has reached 4.2 billion, people with high income will be, for the first time, more than those struggling to meet basic needs.
答案：consumers
3.Having stated his ________ (intend) to resign from the company, Mr Lee left the hall angrily.
答案：intention
4.Our bodies are ________ (strength) by taking exercise. Similarly, our minds are developed by learning.
答案：strengthened
5.I had been too busy to apply for an ________ (appoint), so I didn't go to Shanghai last week.
答案：appointment
6.I felt lucky to have been chosen as a ________ (represent) of Canada and joined in the cultural tour to Pompeii and Loulan.
答案：representative
7.—Peter, have you got your new flat ________ (furnish)？
—Yes. I bought some used furniture and it was a real bargain.
答案：furnished
8.The visit to the ________ (memory) of Jiao Yulu, a late model official who worked in Lankao in the 1960s was a highlight of Secretary Xi's trip.
答案：memorial
9.This part of the community needs to be protected from ________ (race) prejudice.
答案：racial
10.The approach was condemned by many as a ________ (depart) from normal scientific method.
答案：departure
联想积累
1.后缀为­al的名词家族展
①memorial 纪念碑
②commercial 商业广告
③rival 竞争者
④cereal 谷物
⑤dismissal 解雇
⑥withdrawal 撤退；撤销
⑦approval 批准，认可
⑧refusal 拒绝
⑨proposal 提议，建议；求婚
⑩survival 生存，幸存
⑪arrival 到来；到达；到达者
⑫criminal 犯罪
2.后缀­ance构成的名词
①acquaintance 熟悉，熟知；相识的人，熟人
②allowance 津贴，补贴，零用钱
③appearance 出现；外观，外貌
④assistance 帮助，协助，援助
⑤advance 前进
⑥significance 意义
⑦disturbance 扰乱
⑧vengeance 复仇
⑨reliance 信赖
⑩resemblance 相像
⑪perseverance 坚持不懈
⑫guidance 指引
⑬entrance 入口
⑭insurance 保险
⑮ignorance 无知；愚昧
⑯performance 执行，演出
⑰importance 重要；重要性
⑱annoyance 烦恼

1.hand over　　把……交给
2.be exposed to 暴露于；接触
3.stand up for 支持，维护
4.put forward 提议，提出
5.give in 让步，屈服
6.from then on 从那时起，从那以后
7.send for 派人去叫
8.call in 派人去请(某人)
9.have_a_gift_for 有……的天赋
10.keep_off 减去
11.hold_out (在困境中)坚持
12.call_on 要求……介入；呼吁；号召
13.look_down_on 看不起……
14.come_about 发生
15.look_into 调查
16.sort_out 解决(问题或困难)；分类
　[单句写作]
1.In order to reduce pollution, we should ____________ (将……分类) the rubbish.
答案：sort out
2.After the old man retired, he ________________ (移交) his business to his son.
答案：handed over
3.________________ (暴露于) sunlight for too much time will do harm to one's skin.
答案：Being exposed to
4.We ________________ (拥护) the cause of liberty and justice.
答案：stand up for
5.He ________________ (有很强的天赋) languages and persuasion.
答案：has a great gift for
6.A lot of suggestions were ________________ (提出) at the meeting, but none was practical.
答案：put forward
7.He said it was in this classroom that he found his lost watch and that he would take good care of it ________________ (从那时候起).
答案：from then on
8.The workers insisted that they be given a free lunch every noon, and the boss had to ____________ (屈服).
答案：give in
9.It was at the very beginning that Mr Smith made a decision that we should ____________ (派人去请) a doctor.
答案：send for
10.You'd better ____________ (减去) fatty food if you want to stay slim.
答案：keep off
联想积累
1.look构成的短语一览
①look down on/upon 轻视；看不起
②look into 研究；调查；审查；朝……里看
③look out for 注意；留神
④look round/around/about 四下环顾
⑤look through 浏览
⑥look up 查找；抬头看
⑦look on ... as ... 把……看作……
⑧look forward to 盼望
⑨look up to 尊重
⑩look after 照顾
2.call的短语
①call in 召来，找来
②call at 拜访某地
③call up 给……打电话；征召入伍；使回忆起
④call on sb. to do ... 号召某人做……
⑤call off 取消
⑥call out 大声地说；召唤某人
⑦call for 需要
⑧call back 回电话；再打电话

课文原句
句式梳理
仿写训练
1.No sooner had they moved in than the noise began and rarely did they get a full night's sleep.
他们刚一搬进去， 噪音就开始了， 他们几乎没有睡过一个囫囵觉。(P20)
no sooner ... than ... “一……就……”，引导时间状语从句。No sooner位于句首，主句需倒装
____________________ reached home ________ it began to rain.
我一到家， 天就开始下雨了。
2.It is the fact that people have classified his music as “noise” that upsets him most.
最让他伤心的是人们将他的音乐归类为“噪音”这一事实。(P20)
It is ... that ... 此为强调句结构的一般形式，强调的是主语
________________________ went shopping with me yesterday.
昨天是Lily和我一起去购物的。

答案：1.No sooner had I; than　2.It was Lily that/who
直击重点 突破考点

①　expose vt. 使接触，使体验，使面临；暴露，显露，揭露；露出，袒露(P20)

(1)单句语法填空
①The more birds are ________ (expose) to light, the more active they are at night.
②I have to find out a way to keep my dog from ________ (expose) to household poisons.
③When________ (expose) to danger and conflict, men tend to increase blood pressure, feeling nervous or anxious.
④The baron was exposed ________ a liar and a cheat.
⑤There is convincing evidence of a link between ________ (expose) to the sun and skin cancer.
答案：①exposed　②being exposed　③exposed　④as
⑤exposure
(2)单句写作
However, it is important to be aware of these dangers because everyone ________________ (暴露于；面临) air pollution regardless of lifestyle choices.
答案：is exposed to

(1)expose ... to ... 把……暴露在……，使……接触/面临/遭受……
expose sb. as sth. 揭露某人为……
expose sb. to sth. 使某人暴露于；面临，遭受
(2)exposed adj. (指地方)无遮蔽的；暴露的
(3)exposure n. 暴露；揭露


expose ... to和be exposed to中的to是介词，其后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
②　subscribe v. 订阅，签署，捐款，同意(P22)

(1)写出下列句中subscribe to 的含义
①Besides, you can also subscribe to some magazines and newspapers in Chinese.________
②I've personally never subscribed to the view.________
③He subscribes to a few favourable charities.________
答案：①订阅　②赞成　③捐赠；捐助
(2)单句改错
Our class has subscribed many magazines so as to keep up with current events.
______________________________________________________________
答案：subscribed后加to

(1)subscribe to 订阅；向……捐款或者捐助；同意
(2)subscriber n. 订户；签署者；捐献者
[巧学助记]
We applied to subscribe to some magazines useful for our work. The department manager subscribed to it.
我们申请订阅几本对我们的工作有用的杂志，部门经理同意了这一请求。
③　appoint vt. 任命，委派；安排，指定(P23)

(1)单句语法填空
①Annie Salmon, disabled, is attended throughout her school days by a nurse ________ (appoint) to guard her.
②On February 11,2007, Drew Gilpin Faust ________ (appoint) as the first female president of Harvard University in 371 years.
③In China when caught, those corrupt officials are sometimes limited to living in a certain place, only reporting their problems within an ________ (appoint) time.
④The teacher will ________ a date ________ the examination.
答案：①appointed　②was appointed　③appointed　④appoint; for
(2)单句写作
If you want to see the chairman of the department, you'd better ______________________________ (与……约定) his secretary first.
答案：make an appointment with

(1)appoint sb. (as/to be) ... 任命某人为……
appoint sb. to do sth. 委派某人做某事
appoint sth. (for sth.) (为某事)确定(日期、场所)
(2)appointment n. 任命；约会
make an appointment with sb. 与某人约会
keep/miss an appointment 准时赴约/失约
(3)appointed adj. 指定的
④　possession n. 私有物品；财产；所有；拥有(P23)

(1)单句语法填空
①We can't take ________ (possess) of the house until all the papers have been signed.
②She was possessed ________ exceptional powers of concentration.
③The result is that we throw away useful ________ (possess) to make room for new ones.
答案：①possession　②of　③possessions
(2)句型转换
Those buildings are now in the possession of our school.
＝Our school is now ________________ those buildings.
答案：in possession of

(1)take/have possession of 占有，拥有
in possession of (某人)占有，拥有
in the possession of sb.＝in one's possession 为某人所有
(2)possess vt. 具有；控制
(3)be possessed of 拥有某种品质/特征

(1)in possession of “拥有，占有”的主语常是人，表示“某人占有/拥有某物”。
(2)in the possession of 主语常是事物，介词短语，表示“某物被……占有(拥有)”。
⑤　remark n. [C] 言论，谈论，评述　[U]引人注意；显耀　vi.& vt. 谈论，评论；说到(P24)

(1)单句语法填空
①All his friends remarked ________ the change in him since his graduation.
②These ________ (remark) findings suggest the elephants have built up a memory capacity to make distinctions between human voices.
③Critics remarked ________ the play was not original.
答案：①on/upon　②remarkable　③that
(2)单句改错
She could hear the other girls making rude remark about her.
______________________________________________________________
答案：remark→remarks

(1)make a remark on/about 就……发表意见，对……评头论足
worthy of remark 值得注意的是
(2)remark on/upon sb./sth. 就……发表看法/评论
remark that ... 评论……
(3)remarkable adj. 卓越的，非凡的；引人注目
be remarkable for 以……而著称
remarkably adv. 不寻常地，突出地
⑥　distribute vt. 使分布；分发，分配；分销(P24)

(1)单句语法填空
①Perhaps the UNO could set up a body of devoted men and women in every country who can speedily distribute aid ________ victims of floods and earthquakes.
②The ________ (distribute) of relief materials should be swift and methodical.
③To our relief, clothes and blankets have been distributed ________ the people in that earthquake­stricken area.
答案：①to　②distribution　③among
(2)单句改错
The organization distributed food into the earthquake victims.
______________________________________________________________
答案：into→to

(1)distribute sth. to sb. 把某物分发给某人
distribute sth. among 在……分配/分发
(2)distribution n. 分配，分发
have a wide distribution 分布广泛
distributor n. 分销商；批发商
⑦　intend vt.& vi. 打算；想要，计划(P26)

(1)单句语法填空
①At that time, education was intended ________ white settlers only and few black people had the chance to go to school.
②I never intend it ________ (turn) out like that.
③The ad is ________ (intend) to illustrate the benefits of using this product.
④She intends ________ (fight) to make it a woman's as well as a man's world.
答案：①for　②to turn　③intended　④to fight
(2)单句写作
I ______________________ (本打算来) to the party, but I was too busy.
答案：had intended to come

(1)intend to do/doing sth. 打算做某事
intend sb./sth. to do sth. 打算让某人/某物做某事
intend＋that从句 打算……
had intended to do sth. 本来打算做某事
(2)be intended for 为……准备/设计的；专供……使用
be intended to do sth. 旨在做某事；专为……而设计
(3)intention n. 打算；意图，计划
with the intention of 为了，以……为目的/意图

intend, hope, wish, mean, expect, plan, want, attempt等表示打算、计划、希望、试图的词，常用过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的愿望或打算，意为“本打算/希望做而未做”。
⑧　expense n. [U] 消耗，花费　[C]花钱的东西，开销　(pl.)费用，开支(P27)

(1)单句语法填空
①You can spend 2% of the salary on living ________ (expend).
②During the ten­day vacation, they traveled to many parts of France ________ their own expense.
③A great deal of time and money has been expended on ________ (create) a pleasant office atmosphere.
答案：①expenses　②at　③creating
(2)单句写作
We should not pursue economic growth ____________________ (以损害环境为代价).
答案：at the expense of the environment

(1)at sb.'s expense 由某人付费
at the expense of 以(损害)……为代价
spare no expense 不惜费用，不惜工本
cover/meet an expense 支付开销
(2)expend v. 花费，消耗
expend sth. in/on (doing) sth. 在……上花费

①　hand over 把……交出，交给；移交权力，责任等(P19)

(1)单句语法填空
①The ring was handed ________ from her grandmother.
②At the beginning he would always hand ________ an outline of the lecture.
③I would always glance through my essay before I handed it ________， in case it contained obvious spelling mistakes.
答案：①down　②out　③in
(2)单句写作
①She said with a smile, ________________ seven tickets to me.
她微笑着说着话，交给了我七张票。
②Cultural traditions in the village ____________________ from generation to generation.
这个村庄的文化传统代代相传。
答案：①handing over　②have been handed down

hand down 把……传下来
hand on 依次传递，转交
hand back 归还，交还
hand in 上交，提交
hand out 分发，散发
②　put forward 提出，提议；推荐；将……提前；拨快(时钟指针)(P22)

(1)写出下列句中put forward的含义
①They have put forward the wedding by two weeks.________
②We put our watches forward by two hours.________
③The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant.________
答案：①将……提前　②拨快　③提出
(2)单句改错
The theory was put forward yesterday sounds interesting.
______________________________________________________________
答案：theory后加which/that或删除was

put away 把……收拾好，整理；储存
put aside 把……放到一边；储存(钱)备用
put up with 忍受，容忍
put down 放下，写下；镇压
put off 推迟，延期
put up 搭建；张贴；为……提供住宿
③　give in 让步，屈服；呈交(P22)

(1)单句语法填空
①You must give ________ your composition tomorrow.
②The teacher encouraged his students to work for their dreams and never give in ________ any difficulties.
答案：①in　②to
(2)单句写作
①She _________________ (泄露) the state secrets to the enemy.
②The flowers ______________ (发出) a fragrant perfume.
答案：①gave away　②gave off

give in to sb./sth. 向……做出让步，屈服于……
give away 赠送；泄露，暴露
give off 发出(光、热、气味、声音等)
give out 分发；发布；发出(光、热、信号等)；耗尽
give up 放弃；戒掉；停止

give in作“让步，屈服”讲时，为不及物动词短语，give in to sb./sth. “向某人/某事物屈服”；作“呈交”讲时，为及物动词短语， give sth. in to sb. “向某人呈交某物”。
④　call on 要求……介入，拜访，访问；号召(P23)

单句写作
①She ____________ (要求) the White House to help.
②On arriving home, he ____________ (打电话) Lester.
③—Did you take part in Mary's birthday party last Friday？
—I had intended to, but one of my classmates ______________ (拜访) me.
④Despite the snowstorm on the way, the crazy fans are still looking forward to not ____________ (取消) the live concert of the pop star.
答案：①called on　②called up　③called on　④calling off

call on sb. to do sth. 号召……做某事
call at 参观/拜访某地
call for 要求；需要；去接某人
call up 打电话；使想起；使回忆起
call in 召集；请；要求退回/收回
call off 决定取消；下令停止
call back 回电话
call out 召集，大声叫

①　[教材原句]Seldom has drumming caused such conflict.
由于练鼓而引起这样的纠纷是很少见的。(P20)

(1)单句写作
①In front of the teaching building ____________________ (耸立着国旗杆).
②Gone ________________ (时代) when seven or eight countries would come together to determine the direction of global markets.
③Not until recently ____________________ (他们才鼓励发展) of tourist­related activities in the rural areas.
④Only after talking to two students ________________ (我发现) that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.
答案：①stands the national flag pole　②are the days
③did they encourage the development　④did I discover
(2)单句改错
①Beyond the river live an old fisherman.
______________________________________________________________
②Such is the facts, no one can deny them.
______________________________________________________________
答案：①live→lives　②is→are

1.完全倒装
(1)there be句型属于完全倒装结构，该句型中be可换为appear, lie, live, stand, remain, exist等表示存在意义的动词。
(2)here, there等方位副词及now, then等时间副词位于句首，句子的谓语动词为come, go, leave, run等表示动作趋向或状态(be)的动词，且句子的主语不是代词时，句子完全倒装。
(3)in, out, away, up, down, off等表示趋向的副词位于句首，且句子的谓语动词为go, fly, rush, run等动词，且句子主语是名词时，句子完全倒装。
(4)表语置于句首时，句子要完全倒装。其结构为“表语＋系动词＋主语”。
(5)分词短语置于句首时，句子要完全倒装。
2.部分倒装巧记口诀
only修饰副介状，位于句首半倒装；否定意义副连词，位于句首须倒装；表语前置主语长，平衡结构常倒装；so和such置句首，此时主句要倒装；not only开头句，前一分句须倒装；had, were, should虚拟句，省略if半倒装。
②　[教材原句]It was only after careful consideration that we gave Yang Ming a warning.
在慎重考虑之后我们给了杨明一个警告。(P20)

(1)单句写作
________________ (是在哪儿) you met your old friend yesterday？
答案：Where was it that
(2)单句改错
①You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel where the coach picks up tourists.
______________________________________________________________
②It was when we were returning home where I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.
______________________________________________________________
③Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century when his musical gift was fully recognized.
______________________________________________________________
答案：①where→that　②where→that　③when→that


强调句型的特殊结构：
(1)一般疑问式：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他？
(2)特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词＋is/was it that＋其他？
(3)not until ...强调句式：It is/was not until ... that＋其他。

(1)“删减法”判断强调句。把“It is/was”和“that”删去后，可重新排列一下句子，如果句子结构完整，句意通顺，就是强调句，否则就不是强调句。
(2)It is/was ... that ... 结构不能强调谓语，如需强调谓语，需借助于助动词do, does或did。
课文回练 升华运用
根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Seldom has drumming caused such conflict. Yang Ming's neighbours say they were being driven mad and being exposed __1__ such noise. __2__ they known their neighbour was a drummer, they wouldn't have moved into the building. No __3__ (soon) had they moved in than the noise began and __4__ (rare) did they get a full night's sleep. Neither could they relax or read a book without __5__ (plug) their ears. One neighbour also claims that Yang Ming is an __6__ (alcohol) and was a bad influence __7__ his __8__ (adolescence) son. In the end, the local council took action. “It was only after careful __9__ (consider) that we gave Yang Ming a warning，” a council member said. “Getting enough sleep is important for people's health and after such a chorus of __10__ (complain), we had to take action.”
1.________　2.________　3.________　4.________
5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________
9.________　10.________
答案：1.to　2.Had　3.sooner　4.rarely　5.plugging　6.alcoholic　7.on　8.adolescent　9.consideration
10.complaints
基础达标 自主训练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Both nations desired peace, so they arrived at ________ compromise at last.
答案：a　compromise “妥协”，是可数名词，这里表示泛指，故加不定冠词a。
2.They consider it almost a crime to expose children ________ violence on TV.
答案：to　expose sb. to sth. “使面临，使遭受(危险或不快)；使接触、体验”。
3.The boys here ________ (classify) into classes according to their ages.
答案：are classified　此处讲述的是客观事实，the boys和classify之间是被动关系，故用are classified。
4.________ it happen, what would you do？
答案：Should　本句是与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句，从句中省略了if，故把should提前。句意：如果真发生这样的事，你该怎么办？
5.Hardly had he entered the classroom ________ the teacher began his lecture.
答案：when　hardly ... when ... “一……就……”。句意：他刚走进教室，老师就开始演讲。
6.She has many ________ (acquaint) in the business community after doing business for many years.
答案：acquaintances　根据句意，这里需填acquaint的名词形式，且前有many修饰，故用复数。
7.The latest incident is ________ (represent) of a wider trend.
答案：representative　be representative of “有……代表性的”。
8.If you swear ________ (do) something, you promise in a serious way that you will do it.
答案：to do　swear to do sth. “发誓做某事”。
9.Among the goods ________ (be) Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys.
答案：are　该句为倒装句，其结构为“表语＋系动词＋主语”。主语是复数，故谓语用are。
10.—The students work very hard.
—So they ________.
答案：do　当so表示“确实，正是”，是对前句内容的肯定和附和时，语序为“so＋主语＋be/助动词/情态动词”。句意：——学生们学习很努力。——他们确实是这样。
Ⅱ.单句写作
1.It is certain that he will ____________ (移交) his business to his son when he gets old.
答案：hand over
2.____________ I expect, ____________ (越……越……) unhappy I'm going to be.
答案：The more; the more
3.____________________ a pay increase, but they also want reduced working hours.
护士们不仅想涨工资，而且还想减少工作时间。
答案：Not only do the nurses want
4.______________________________________________________________
直到午夜他们才到达宿营地。(not until 的强调句式)
答案：It was not until midnight that they reached the camp site.
5.______________________________________________________________
他刚坐下电话铃就响了。
答案：No sooner had he sat down than the phone rang.
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2019·湖北名校联盟高三第三次模拟测试卷押题第一套)Produced by China Central Television (CCTV) and the Ministry of Education (MOE), “First Class for New Semester” has become __1__ mandatory viewing activity for parents and students on the first day of the fall semester. But on Saturday(Sept. 1), millions of parents __2__ (watch) the show disapproved of the “endless” ads delaying the show __3__ 12 minutes.
This August, MOE instructed local governments and schools to inform every child and their parents to “watch the show together”. __4__， parents who stayed home for the __5__ (year) tradition disapproved of a range of content from Saturday's show. Online, many of __6__ argued that the show's __7__ (delay) transmission broke their children's concept of __8__ (punctual), and also criticized the non­commercial TV show for surrendering to commercial advertisements. The majority of the ads were also promoting extracurricular education institutions, __9__ have been condemned for putting extra academic pressure on students. China's state broadcaster has publicly apologized, “We have broadcast too many ads __10__ ‘First Class’ and that has prevented the parents and students from watching it on time.”
1.________　2.________　3.________　4.________
5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________
9.________　10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。由中央电视台(CCTV)和教育部(MOE)联合制作的“新学期第一节课”已经成为家长和学生在秋季开学第一天的必修课。但在上周六(9月1日)，数百万观看该节目的家长因没完没了的广告将节目延迟12分钟而感到愤怒。
1.a　考查冠词。此处表泛指，根据其后所修饰的名词activity可知前面需不定冠词修饰。故答案为a。
2.watching　考查非谓语动词。根据其后的谓语动词disapproved可知此处需用非谓语动词。parents和watch之间是主动关系，用现在分词作后置定语，故答案为watching。
3.for　考查介词。句意：数百万观看节目的家长不赞成没完没了的广告将节目延迟12分钟。根据delay的提示，此处可搭配的介词应用for表“推迟了多少”。故答案为for。
4.However　考查副词。根据上句教育部要求家长带孩子们观看，后句中家长们却因广告等到愤怒，前后为转折关系，因为有逗号，故而用However来表示转折。
5.yearly　考查词性转换。根据后面的“tradition”可知应用形容词修饰。故答案为yearly。
6.them　考查代词。此处结合上下文可知此处代指上文家长们中的很多人，故答案为them。
7.delayed　考查非谓语动词。根据后面的transmission可知要填形容词，又因为后面已有谓语动词broke，所以要用过去分词作前置定语，故答案为delayed。
8.punctuality　考查词性转换。句意：节目的延迟播出打破了孩子们守时的观念。介词of后面应该用名词。故答案为punctuality。
9.which　考查定语从句的引导词。句意：大多数广告还宣传课外教育机构，这些机构因给学生施加额外的学业压力而受到谴责。此处institutions是先行词，指物，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语，故答案为which。
10.before　考查介词。句意：我们在“第一节课”前播放了太多的广告，这使得家长和学生无法按时观看。结合句意可知答案为before。
Ⅳ.短文改错
(2019·广州高三年级调研测试)I can well remember an incident that happened on a rain Sunday afternoon. I was waiting for the green light that a girl of about ten was knocked down by a pass car. The car then drives off quickly. A man immediately rushed to the girl to give him first aid, but I joined in without any hesitation. Unluckily she was not badly injured and we sent her to the near hospital.
I am proud of what I did for the girl. As member of the society, I am aware of that being responsible is what it takes to make a better society.
答案：
I can well remember an incident that happened on a Sunday afternoon. I was waiting for the green light a girl of about ten was knocked down by a car. The car then off quickly. A man immediately rushed to the girl to give first aid, I joined in without any hesitation. she was not badly injured and we sent her to the hospital.
I am proud of what I did for the girl. As member of the society, I am aware that being responsible is what it takes to make a better society.
难项分析：
第二处：that→when　考查连词。此处前后都有谓语动词，故此处需要连词；且由句意可知，此处表示“当……时”，所以将that改为when。
第四处：drives→drove　考查动词的时态。根据语境可知，此处叙述的是发生在过去的事情，所以用一般过去时。
第十处：删除of　考查固定用法。be aware that后跟句子，而be aware of后跟名词；根据语境并分析句子结构可知，此处应用be aware that，故删除of。