人教版高中英语必修第一册Units 1-2 语法汇总讲义

这是一份人教版高中英语必修第一册Units 1-2 语法汇总讲义，共5页。

高中英语必修一语法汇总Unit 1短语或词组是具有一定意义但不构成句子或从句的一组词。一、名词短语(NP)名词短语是指以一个名词为中心构成的短语。(1)These ideas may seem strange to you.作主语(2)Welove our great motherland very much.作宾语(3)Theman wearing a black coat is our teacher.作表语(4)Those beautiful flowers come from Yun’nan.作主语(5)Weelected him monitor of our class.作宾语补足语[归纳总结](1)名词短语在句中作名词用，一般用作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等。(2)名词短语由“(限定词)＋(数词、形容词、形容词短语、描述性名词)＋名词＋(介词短语)”组成。[名师提醒]限定词包括冠词(a，an，the)、指示代词(this，that，these，those等)、物主代词(my，your，his，her，our，their等)和不定代词(some，no，neither，both等)。[巩固内化1]指出黑体部分所作的成分①He got threegold medals at the 23rd Olympic Games.作宾语②The tall building was built last year.作主语③This is avery interesting book.作表语④We made him capital of our team.作宾补二、形容词短语(AdjP)形容词短语是指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语，在句子中的功能相当于形容词。(1)Theair today is nice and clean.作表语(2)Sheis a girl lively and lovely.作定语(3)Hefound the film very interesting.作宾语补足语[归纳总结](1)形容词短语在句中作形容词用，可以修饰名词或代词，作定语，还可用作表语或者宾语补足语等。(2)形容词短语由“(副词)＋形容词＋(介词短语)”组成。[巩固内化2]指出黑体部分所作的成分①This is a subject worthy of careful study.作定语②Our English teacher is very nice and patient.作表语③I found it very hard to get along with foreigners.作宾语补足语三、副词短语(AdvP)副词短语是指以一个副词为中心构成的短语，在句子中的功能相当于副词。(1)Heran very quickly yesterday.修饰动词作状语(2)Iam much too pleased to see you.修饰形容词作状语(3)Sheplays well enough as a beginner.修饰动词作状语(4)Heworked much more carefully on thenew design.修饰副词作状语[归纳总结](1)副词短语在句中作副词用，可以修饰动词、形容词或副词，作状语等。(2)副词短语由“(副词)＋副词”组成。[名师提醒]副词enough在修饰形容词或者副词构成形容词短语或者副词短语时，一般放在所修饰的形容词或者副词后面。[巩固内化3]　补全句子①His wife often warns him not to drive too fast.他的妻子经常警告他开车不要太快。②Don’t worry.My mother will look after your baby carefully enough.不要担心，我妈妈会很细心地照顾你的孩子。③I play ping-pong quite well，but I haven’t had time to play since the new year.我乒乓球打得很好，但是自从新年以来我就没有时间打了。Unit 2一、现在进行时表将来1.用位移动词We’re starting for Shanghai this afternoon.今天下午我们将动身去上海。Our flight is taking off and let’s hurry up；or we will miss it.我们的航班要起飞了，快点；否则就赶不上了。Iam seeing him off this afternoon.今天下午我去给他送行。The plane is arriving in 10 minutes.飞机将在10分钟内到达。[归纳总结]现在进行时表示将来主要用于按计划或安排将要发生的动作或事件，多用表示位置转移的动词(短语)，如arrive，come，get(to)，leave，return，start，travel，take，takeoff，fly，seeoff，set off等。2.用非位移动词Theyoung man is meeting his girlfriend this afternoon.这个年轻人今天下午要去接他的女朋友。Theyare spending their next summer holiday in Guilin.下个暑假他们要在桂林度过。[归纳总结]现在进行时表示将来除使用位移动词外，也可使用某些非位移动词，如do，buy，meet，have，play，finish，stay，publish等，此时句中一般要有表示将来的时间状语。[及时训练]　补全句子①She is leaving for Singapore tonight.她今晚将动身去新加坡。②When are you setting off for yourholiday?你什么时候动身去度假？③What are you doing next Sunday?下星期天你打算干什么？④My mother is buying me a bike soon.我妈妈不久将给我买辆自行车。⑤I am meeting you after class.我下课后见你。⑥I am publishing a book this year.我打算今年出一本书。二、其他表将来的表达方式1.will/shall do表将来Shewill come back next week.她将于下周回来。—Whereis the telephone book？——电话号码簿在哪里？—I’ll go and get it for you.——我去给你拿。[归纳总结](1)will/shalldo表示单纯的将来，是对未来事情发生的“预见性”。will用于各种人称，而shall一般用于第一人称。(2)表示事先未经过考虑的打算、计划，是在说话时才想到或决定的事，即临时起意，这时通常用will。2.be going to do表将来Are you going to watchthe football game this afternoon?你打算今天下午看足球赛吗？Lookat the dark clouds！It’s going to rain.看这些乌云！天要下雨了。[归纳总结]begoing to do表示打算、计划、安排或已经决定要做某事；还可表示根据某种迹象表明将要发生的事。