北师大版高中英语必修第一册UNIT3 Section Ⅳ Period学案

这是一份北师大版高中英语必修第一册UNIT3 Section Ⅳ Period学案，共74页。

Section ⅣPeriod　 默写背诵1．dragon n．龙2．lunar adj．阴历的；月球的3．barbecue n．烧烤野餐4．sticky adj．黏性的，黏的5．lantern n．灯笼，提灯6．pudding n．布丁；甜食，甜点心7．turkey n．火鸡8．monster n．怪兽，怪物9．snack n．(正餐以外的)小吃，点心10．host n．主人；东道主；主持人11．flight n．航班12．wine n．葡萄酒13．accent n．口音14．hotpot n．火锅15．firecracker n．鞭炮，爆竹16．wedding n．婚礼17．beer n．啤酒18．studio n．录音室19．neat adj．整洁的20．suit n．套装21．pole n．地极，北/南极22．stuff vt．给……填馅；填，塞23．lap n．大腿部24．frosty adj．严寒的25．eve n．前夕；前一天26．plate n．盘；碟27．ballet n．芭蕾舞剧，芭蕾舞表演28．roll vt．使成筒形(球形) n．一卷；面包卷29．swallow vi．& vt．吞下，咽下30．awesome adj．令人赞叹的；很好的31．downstairs adv．往楼下，在楼下32．nowhere adv．哪里都不33．album n．簿，册34．uniform n．制服35．cuisine n．烹饪36．humbly adv．谦虚地1．occasion n．重要的社交活动；时刻，时候2．congratulation n．恭喜，祝贺3．immediately adv．即刻，马上4．gathering n．聚会5．decoration n．装饰物6．account n．描述，报道7．summarise vi．& vt．总结，概括8．sweep vt．扫；打扫9．character n．字，字体；人物，角色10．attach vt．贴；固定；附上11．expectant adj．期待的，期望的12．retired adj．退休的13．joy n．欢欣，愉快，喜悦14．throughout prep．在整个期间，自始至终15．original adj．原先的，最早的，最初的16．custom n．风俗，习惯；传统17．teenager n．青少年，十几岁的孩子18．specific adj．具体的，特定的19．effort n．努力；力气20．extend vt．提供，给予，表示21．memory n．记忆，回忆22．branch n．树枝23．whisper vi．& vt．低声说，低语24．merry adj．快乐的25．wave vi．& vt．挥手；招手26．event n．事件；活动27．calm vi．& vt．(使)平静，(使)镇定28．thoroughly adv．完全地1．graduate n．毕业生 vi．毕业→graduation n．毕业2．decorate vi．&vt．装饰，布置，美化→decoration n．装饰物3．tradition n．传统→traditional adj．传统的→traditionally adv．传统地4．expect vt．预料，期待；期盼→expectant adj．期待的，期望的→expectation n．预料，预期；期待5．scare vt．吓唬；使(某人)惊恐→scary adj．可怕的，引起恐慌的→scared adj．害怕的；惊恐的6．surround vt．环绕，围绕→surrounding adj．周围的→surroundings n．环境，周围的环境7．greet vt．问候，欢迎；打招呼→greeting n．问候，打招呼8．appropriate adj．合适的，适当的→appropriately adv．合适地，适当地9．slight adj．轻微的，略微的→slightly adv．略微，稍微10．patient adj．有耐心的；有耐力的→patience n．耐心；耐力11．behave vi．表现；表现得体→behaviour n．行为，举止12．fortunate adj．幸运的→fortunately adv．幸运地→unfortunate adj．不幸的→unfortunately adv．不幸地13．represent vt．代表；象征→representative n．代表 adj．有代表性的14．describe vt．描写；描述→description n．描写，描述15．select vt．挑选，选拔→selection n．挑选；选拔1．come to an end 结束；终止2．at war 在交战状态中3．put up 张贴4．let off 使某物爆炸5．sweep away 扫除；清除6．upside down 倒置地，颠倒地7．light up 照亮；(使)变得喜悦8．up to 从事，忙于；多达；能胜任9．scare sb./sth.away 把……吓跑10．tens of thousands of 成千上万11．as far as 就……而言　12．in general 普遍地　13．make an effort 尽力　14．look ahead 向前看；考虑未来　15．take turns 轮流　16．on the way 在路上的；即将到来的17．catch sb.'s eye 吸引某人的目光；引起某人的注意18．pass away 去世19．no longer 不再　20．over and over 再三地，重复地21．calm down 冷静下来1．My host mother Mrs Chen said this was to sweep away the dirt of the past year and get ready for the new year．我的房东妈妈陈太太说这是清除过去一年的积尘，为新的一年做准备。2．We then sat together to enjoy a big dinner，wishing everyone a happy new year．然后，我们坐在一起享受一顿丰盛的晚餐，祝福大家新年快乐。3．Every year，the moment I get on the train，I am surrounded by Shanxi accents－I know that I am heading home to my family．每年，一坐上火车，我就会被山西方言包围，我意识到我踏上了回家的路。4．We think about what the children would like to eat，what we need to buy and what dishes need to be prepared．我们考虑孩子们喜欢吃什么，我们需要买什么，需要准备什么菜。5．I remember the wind because Granny's grey hair was a mess when she arrived．我记得那天的风，因为奶奶到达时她的灰头发乱作一团。6．Maybe I was too young，maybe she hid it too well，or maybe I was just too excited that Christmas was on the way．也许是我太年轻，也许是她隐藏得太好了，也许是我对即将到来的圣诞节感到太兴奋了。7．Auntie Kath didn't think it was funny，but the rest of us did．凯丝阿姨觉得这没什么好笑的，但我们都觉得好笑。8．When I think about what makes Christmas so magical，it's not just gifts and Father Christmas that come to mind．当我想到是什么让圣诞节如此神奇时，我想到的不只是礼物和圣诞老人。9．Surprisingly，they were Grandpa's best friends from secondary school，all in their seventies．令人惊讶的是，他们是爷爷中学时最好的朋友，都七十多岁了。10．With each old photo，the guests saw how Grandpa grew from a handsome boy to a kind old gentleman．通过每一张老照片，客人们看到了爷爷是如何从一个英俊的男孩成长为一位善良的老绅士的。假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Jack在社交媒体上看到了你参加运动会的照片，写信向你了解相关情况，请给他写一封回信，内容包括：1．时间地点；2．你的项目；3．你的感受。注意：1．词数80左右；2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________[高分范文背诵]Dear Jack，How is everything going？Delighted to learn you are interested in the sports meeting held in my school，I'm writing to share with you some details．Usually held in October annually on the school playground，it's a splendid platform for us to take an active part in sports and bring out the best in ourselves．This year I joined in the 1500-metre race，which was a great challenge for me．But with my adequate preparations and my classmates' encouragement，I got third prize finally，which made me convinced that nothing is impossible for a willing heart．Would you please share your school life with me？Looking forward to your reply．Yours，Li Hua[片段1]She expressed her sadness for not having enough money to buy her sick mom a birthday cake．Hearing what had happened to the girl's mother，the old lady couldn't help hugging Janie，comforted her，and decided to do something for her．She reached into her pocket，pulled out some money，and handed it to Janie．Then she led the girl back to the cake store．[片段2]It was our time．We just relaxed and enjoyed the time out．We never went to any expensive place，but my kids enjoyed the days with me．One day，one of my kids asked me who sent such a new beautiful mom to her．I smiled，“It was a magician who gave me some special days in the hospital and the hope for our new life．It was you two kids．”单元综合检测(三)第一部分　阅读第一节阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AFire has been known for its powerful energy and is used in both ancient and modern ceremonies．Festivals about fire are celebrated all around the world．You can learn about some of them below．The Torch (火把) Festival The Torch Festival takes place from the 24th to the 26th of lunar June every year in China．It is an important traditional festival of the Yi，Naxi，and Bai ethnic people in Southwestern China．For 3 days，the people carry burning torches and take part in a variety of activities．Fruits，fireworks and lanterns are all festively hung around the torch．The Burning Man FestivalThe Burning Man Festival，which began in 1986，is based on the idea of community，inclusion，creativity，fashion and anti-consumerism．It is an eight-day festival held in Nevada，America from late August to early September．At this time of year，people from all over the world come here．All participants are called burners．The Fire and Snow FestivalIn mid-February every year，in the depths of cold winter，the Fire and Snow Festival takes place in Japan．Originally，this festival had its roots in a purification ceremony．In modern times，however，the festival is more than a community event．A sweet drink，made from rice is served up there．The Jeongwol Daeboreum Deulbli FestivalAnother fire celebration to take place in February is the Jeongwol Daeboreum Deulbli Festival in the Republic of Korea，Asia．The festival goes back centuries，when local families would keep cows．Farmers would set fire to the mountains to destroy old grass and kill harmful insects．Now，a hilltop is set to pray for health and a good harvest in the coming year．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个与火有关的中外节日。1．Which one is the Chinese festival?A．The Torch Festival．B．The Burning Man Festival．C．The Fire and Snow Festival．D．The Jeongwol Daeboreum Deulbli Festival．A　[细节理解题。根据The Torch Festival部分中的“The Torch Festival takes place from the 24th to the 26th of lunar June every year in China．(火把节在中国每年的农历六月二十四日至二十六日举行)”可知，The Torch Festival是属于中国的节日。故选A项。]2．What do the last two festivals have in common?A．They take place in European countries．B．They are celebrated in the same month．C．The festival participants are called burners．D．The purpose of them is to destroy old grass．B　[细节理解题。根据The Fire and Snow Festival部分中的“In mid-February every year，in the depths of cold winter，the Fire and Snow Festival takes place in Japan．(每年的二月中旬，在最寒冷的冬天，日本都会举行火雪节)”可知，The Fire and Snow Festival是日本的节日，通常是在二月中旬举行；根据The Jeongwol Daeboreum Deulbli Festival部分中的“Another fire celebration to take place in February is the Jeongwol Daeboreum Deulbli Festival in the Republic of Korea，Asia．(亚洲的韩国也将在2月份举行‘正月大典’)”可知，the Jeongwol Daeboreum Deulbli Festival是亚洲韩国的节日，通常是在二月举行，由此可知，最后两个节日均是在二月举行。故选B项。]3．In which part of a magazine is the text probably found?A．Diet．　　　　　　 B．Health．C．Culture． 　 D．Education．C　[推理判断题。根据首段中的“Festivals about fire are celebrated all around the world．You can learn about some of them below．(世界各地都在庆祝与火有关的节日。您可以在下面了解其中的一些)”可知，本文介绍的是世界各地庆祝与火有关的节日。由此推知，本文出自杂志的文化部分。故选C项。]BEvery American family has its own traditions on Thanksgiving Day，and mine is no different．Once the national holiday arrives，my mom rises early to make the meal．She puts a turkey in the oven，chops carrots and bakes pies．I'm sorry to say that the men in the family—my dad，my younger brother and myself—rarely pitch in to help．Our job is to wash the mountain of dirty dishes after the meal is over．Around 2 p．m．every Thanksgiving Day，family members seat themselves around the kitchen table．Plates of turkey，vegetables，salad，rolls and pies cover it．At this point，we can hardly keep ourselves from drooling (淌口水)all over our fancy clothes，but it's not yet time to eat．First，we must bow our heads，close our eyes and say a prayer of thanks aloud to God for giving us everything we have．Under normal circumstances，I would have no problem making a list of things I am thankful for．I grew up in a loving family．My parents，who aren't wealthy，took out loans to help me pay for university．However，the funny thing is，every time I sit down for Thanksgiving dinner and try to say a prayer of thanks，my mind usually goes blank．I think it has something to do with my growling (咕咕叫)stomach and all of that food sitting right there under my nose．Eventually，though，we all finish our short prayers and dig in．To be sure，the day includes other highlights—visiting with family and watching football matches on TV．But usually around 6 p．m．we are all ourselves stuffed like turkeys and thankful to have a nice warm bed to sleep in．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者对自己的家人如何庆祝感恩节进行了描写，充分展现了一家人其乐融融的景象。4．The purpose of the text is to ________．A．tell what the family do for Thanksgiving DayB．tell how the family spend Thanksgiving DayC．introduce foods served on Thanksgiving DayD．introduce the American Thanksgiving DayB　[主旨大意题。作者开门见山地点明美国每家每户都有自己的感恩节传统，然后详细描述了他们一家人这一天的活动，因此B项“讲述这一家人如何过感恩节”能概括全文大意。]5．On Thanksgiving Day the author's family do the following except ________．A．watching a movieB．making visitsC．having a big mealD．watching football matchesA　[细节理解题。文章前四段描述作者一家人准备感恩节大餐，最后一段首句“Eventually，though，we all finish our short prayers and dig in．”说明一家人终于开吃了，首先排除C项；再由信息句“To be sure，the day includes other highlights—visiting with family and watching football matches on TV．”可知，这一天作者一家人还会走访亲友以及观看足球比赛等，故排除B、D两项；文章没有提及A项活动，所以选A。]6．Why does the author's mind usually go blank when saying a prayer of thanks?A．He is too thankful to say a word．B．His mind is on the food before him．C．He feels too excited to speak．D．He is too shy to speak in public．B　[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“I think it has something to do with my growling stomach and all of that food sitting right there under my nose．”可知，作者吃大餐之前祈祷以示感恩时，心思全被眼前的美食所吸引，所以B项正确。]7．The underlined phrase “dig in” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to “________”．A．chat with others 　 B．make a holeC．mix things up 　 D．start eatingD　[词义猜测题。根据前文对一家人准备大餐以及作者心思全被眼前的美食所吸引的描述，再看本句中的Eventually“终于”一词，不难看出dig in在此表示(一家人)“开吃”了。]CDogs in the classroom lower stress of primary school students，new research has found．The study by UK researchers found spending some time with a dog twice a week was better for reducing stress on students than many other classroom relaxation activity．And the benefits of these “dog dates” were similar for children in both normal and special schools．Stress is known to negatively influence a child's learning，behaviour，health and mood．This has led schools to try a number of ways to reduce stress，including yoga，mindfulness，physical activity and even having animals in classrooms．The researchers from the University of Lincoln measured students' stress levels by tracking the level of the stress in their saliva (唾液)．They studied 105 students aged 8 to 9 in four normal schools as well as 44 children of a similar age in seven special schools in the UK．The children were divided into three groups：a group that spent time with a dog；a group that spent time doing relaxation activities；and a “control” group that did neither of these things．Students in the dog group spent 20 minutes with a trained dog twice a week for four weeks．The relaxation group spent the same amount of time doing exercise．The researchers found that the children in the dog group had “extremely lower” stress levels，while those in the relaxation and control groups recorded an increase over the school term．The study，which was published in the journal PLOS ONE，also found stress was lowest in the children in the dog group immediately after their contact with the puppies．“Dog-assisted activities can lead to lower stress levels in schoolchildren with and without special educational needs，”University of Lincoln researcher Kerstin Meints said，“but more research is needed to discover what was the ideal amount of time and contact with dogs for the best effect．”【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，狗狗在教室里与小学生适当接触可以降低小学生的压力。8．What is the benefit of having dogs in the classroom according to the research?A．Lowering stress for students．B．Making students less lonely．C．Building up students' health．D．Improving students' confidence．A　[细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“Dogs in the classroom lower stress of primary school students，new research has found．”可知，研究发现狗狗在教室里可以降低小学生的压力，由此可知，教室里有狗狗的好处是可以减轻学生的压力。故选A项。]9．How did the researchers get the findings?A．By analyzing causes．B．By providing examples．C．By making a list of facts．D．By making comparison．D　[推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“The researchers found that the children in the dog group had ‘extremely lower’ stress levels，while those in the relaxation and control groups recorded an increase over the school term．”可知，研究人员将参与者分为三组，将每组的数据进行对比，最后得出与狗有互动的组的孩子压力水平“极低”，由此可知，研究人员是通过比较得出这些发现的。故选D项。]10．What does the research show according to the last paragraph?A．The proper contact time with dogs still needs further study．B．Dogs have more effects on the children in special schools．C．The children doing more exercise have the lowest stress level．D．The children spending most time with dogs are lowest in stress．A　[推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“‘Dog-assisted activities can lead to lower stress levels in schoolchildren with and without special educational needs，’ University of Lincoln researcher Kerstin Meints said，‘but more research is needed to discover what was the ideal amount of time and contact with dogs for the best effect．’”可知，林肯大学的研究人员Kerstin Meints认为还需要更多的研究来发现与狗接触的适当时间是多少，由此可知，研究显示了与狗的适当接触时间仍需进一步研究。故选A项。]11．What can be the best title for the text?A．Students Need the Company of DogsB．Classroom Dog Dates Reduce Kids' StressC．New Research About Dogs Is Carried OutD．Dog-assisted Activities Become Popular in the UKB　[标题归纳题。通读全文，结合第一段关键句“Dogs in the classroom lower stress of primary school students，new research has found．”可知，本文主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，狗狗在教室里可以降低小学生的压力，“Classroom Dog Dates Reduce Kids' Stress”意为“课堂狗狗约会可以减轻孩子的压力”，此选项能够概括文章主要内容。故选B项。]DResearchers have discovered many recent Marsquakes on the Red Planet．Those shakes are likely signs that magma (岩浆) moves deep under the Martian surface．Since touching down on Mars four years ago，NASA's InSight lander has found more than 1，000 Marsquakes．One of its tools records quake waves．Those waves show information about a quake's size and location．Earlier this year，scientists showed that several Marsquakes came from a particular part of Mars．It's known as Cerberus Fossae．Those quakes were a type pretty familiar to quake experts，states Anna Mittelholz，a planetary scientist at Harvard University．Their low-frequency waves “look much more like what we see for an earthquake，” she says．Mittelholz was part of a team that has studied many more Marsquakes．These include more than 1，000 high-frequency small quakes．The signals (信号) are fairly weak．To find out their origins，her team added the signals together．These quakes，too，seemed to come from the direction of Cerberus Fossae．Scientists were surprised to find that different types of quakes all came from the same region on Mars．Previous research had suggested Marsquakes might be caused by the slow cooling and shrinking (收缩) of the planet's surface．That process，which also occurs on the moon，should produce quakes spread equally across the planet．As such，Mittelholz says，“The expectation was that Marsquakes would come from all over the place．”Her team also compared the weak waves that InSight measured with those produced on Earth．Marsquakes looked like earthquakes that came from volcanic regions，the researchers found．That means Mars' shakes are probably produced by magma flowing tens of kilometers below the planet's surface．Rather than being a geologically dead planet，as some have suggested，Mars might be surprisingly active，the researchers conclude (下结论)．“There's still so much more to learn about Mars，”says Mittelholz．“We're only touching the surface．”【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员发现了很多火星地震，并介绍了这些地震发生的原因、位置等。12．Why are the quake waves on Mars familiar to scientists?A．They are like the waves on Earth．B．They are sent from the same place．C．They are weak enough to be sensed．D．They are full of all kinds of information．A　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Those quakes were a type pretty familiar to quake experts，states Anna Mittelholz，a planetary scientist at Harvard University．Their low-frequency waves ‘look much more like what we see for an earthquake，’ she says．”可知，科学家对火星上的地震波很熟悉是因为它们就像地球上的地震波一样。故选A。]13．Why is the moon mentioned in paragraph 5?A．To show quakes on the moon are common．B．To give an easy explanation of earthquakes．C．To show the similarity between the moon and Earth．D．To prove Marsquakes may have little to do with temperatures．D　[推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Scientists were surprised to find that different types of quakes all came from the same region on Mars．Previous research had suggested Marsquakes might be caused by the slow cooling and shrinking of the planet's surface．That process，which also occurs on the moon，should produce quakes spread equally across the planet．”可知，提到月球是为了证明火星上的地震与温度变化无关。故选D。]14．What do the scientists conclude about Mars?A．Mars is a secret to them．B．Mars is a relatively dead planet．C．Mars might be still volcanically active．D．Mars has more quakes than Earth．C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Rather than being a geologically dead planet，as some have suggested，Mars might be surprisingly active，the researchers conclude．”可知，火星可能是个火山活跃的星球。故选C。]15．What is the text?A．A short story． 　 B．A science report．C．A space diary． 　 D．A book review．B　[推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Researchers have discovered many recent Marsquakes on the Red Planet．Those shakes are likely signs that magma moves deep under the Martian surface．”可知，文章主要介绍了研究人员发现了很多火星地震，并介绍了这些地震发生的原因、位置等，由此可推知，这是一篇科技报道类文章。故选B。]第二节阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to Contribute to Thanksgiving Dinner as a TeenagerYour family has been stressing out about hosting this year's Thanksgiving meal for weeks now，and you want to help out．The problem is，you're only a teenager．　16　 Go grocery shopping．If you have enough time and the food hasn't been purchased yet，ask your parents if you can do the grocery shopping for them．　17　 If you don't have a car and walking to the grocery store or biking there isn't a choice，ask if you can go to the grocery store along with your parents to make the shopping process easier．Clean the house．A clean home is the best setting for Thanksgiving dinner．　18　 Clear an area for guests to put their shoes，coats，and bags so they aren't in the way．Set the table．It will save your parents' time，so they can finish preparing the meal．If you're using place cards，put wine glasses at the seats of guests who will be drinking．Some guests may have their kids seated at the table．　19　 Plan a fun family activity．This is a great thing to do when people are either waiting for the meal or looking for something to do after the meal．This is where you come in．　20　 You may even take some family photos．They'll be happy that you captured these memories later．A．So how do you start helping out?B．Don't get too pushy about doing everything．C．You should plan a fun game or activity in advance．D．If you have a car and they trust you to drive，that is．E．Ask your parents if you are unsure if you really need place cards．F．You should consider not putting a knife at their seat，for safety reasons．G．Even if it's not perfectly neat，things should be relatively organized and dust-free．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了作为一个十几岁的青少年怎样在感恩节晚宴上帮助爸爸妈妈，包括去杂货店购物、打扫房子、摆好桌子以及准备一些好玩的家庭活动等。16．A　[第一段第一句提到“Your family has been stressing out about hosting this year's Thanksgiving meal for weeks now，and you want to help out．”及后文提到了可以做的一些事情。A项起承上启下的作用。故选A。]17．D　[前文提到“ask your parents if you can do the grocery shopping for them”及后文“If you don't have a car and walking to the grocery store or biking there isn't a choice，ask if you can go to the grocery store along with your parents to make the shopping process easier．”可知，D项是与没有车可采用的办法进行对比，符合文意，故选D。]18．G　[根据前文“Clean the house．A clean home is the best setting for Thanksgiving dinner．”可知，G项提到“Even if it's not perfectly neat，things should be relatively organized and dust-free．”符合文意，故选G。]19．F　[前文提到“Some guests may have their kids seated at the table．”F项提到“You should consider not putting a knife at their seat，for safety reasons．”符合文意，故选F。]20．C　[最后一段第一句提到“Plan a fun family activity．”可知，C项“You should plan a fun game or activity in advance．”符合文意，故选C。]第二部分　语言运用第一节阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。A mother who worked as a waitress at a school canteen to make ends meet was celebrating after becoming a headmistress (女校长) of a school．Rosalind Brotherton took a job providing 　21　 for children—but just years later she was 　22　 a school of her own．While 　23　 as a waitress at Swan Lane First School，she also studied for an Open University 　24　 in history．After graduating in 2005，Mrs Brotherton 　25　 for her teaching qualification (资格) before joining in a 　26　 as a trainee (实习生) teacher．She moved to another school where she 　27　 the headmistress last year．Mrs Brotherton said，“My marriage 　28　 when I was 30．I had to look after my children on my own．So I wanted to 　29　 more for my children and to do something for 　30　．I started doing my degree at the Open University．I worked as a 　31　 and a learning assistant at a school，so I was working with children and that 　32　 inspired me to become a teacher．”Like Mrs Brotherton，who has to 　33　 her children after divorce by herself，everyone will have difficulties in life．Difficulties are like huge rocks to Mrs Brotherton．But she is 　34　 enough to push the rocks with all her might (能力)．They drove her to study and changed her 　35　 finally．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是一位曾经的学校餐厅的女服务员，凭借自己的努力，坚持学习、考取教师资格证成为一名老师，最后成为女校长的故事。21．A．books 　 B．foodC．clothes 　 D．apartmentsB　[根据上文中的“as a waitress at a school canteen”可知，学校餐厅的女服务员应该是给学生提供“食物”。故选B项。]22．A．decorating 　 B．runningC．building 　 D．sweepingB　[根据上文中的“after becoming a headmistress of a school”可知，一个女校长应该是“管理”一所学校。故选B项。]23．A．exercising 　 B．thinkingC．writing 　 D．workingD　[根据上文中的“A mother who worked as a waitress at a school canteen”可知，她以前的“工作”是在学校餐厅当服务员。故选D项。]24．A．degree 　 B．honourC．policy 　 D．seatA　[根据下文中的“I started doing my degree at the Open University．”可知，她是在攻读Open University的历史“学位”。故选A项。]25．A．studied 　 B．waitedC．paid 　 D．searchedA　[根据上文中的“she also studied for an Open University ________ in history”可知，她在为获得教师资格而“学习”。故选A项。]26．A．factory 　 B．clubC．charity 　 D．schoolD　[根据空后的“as a trainee teacher”可知，她做了一名实习教师，由此可知，此处指的是“学校”。故选D项。]27．A．understood 　 B．becameC．employed 　 D．recognizedB　[根据上文中的“A mother who worked as a waitress at a school canteen to make ends meet was celebrating after becoming a headmistress of a school．”可知，此处指的是她“成为”了校长。故选B项。]28．A．broke down 　 B．kept upC．went on 　 D．set offA　[根据下文中的“I had to look after my children on my own．”可知，她不得不自己照顾孩子，由此可知，她的婚姻“破裂”。故选A项。]29．A．select 　 B．supplyC．occupy 　 D．exploreB　[结合语境以及下文中的“more for my children”可知，此处指的是她婚姻破裂后，想为自己的孩子“提供”更多。故选B项。]30．A．her 　 B．himC．you 　 D．myselfD　[根据语境和句意可知，上文是为孩子们提供更多，所以此处指的是为“自己”做些事情。故选D项。]31．A．cleaner 　 B．chefC．teacher 　 D．waitressD　[根据上文中的“as a waitress at Swan Lane First School”可知，此处指的是做过“女服务员”。故选D项。]32．A．informally 　 B．optionallyC．surely 　 D．unfortunatelyC　[根据上文中的“I started doing my degree at the Open University．I worked as a ________ and a learning assistant at a school”以及语境可知，Mrs Brotherton的经历“必定”会激励Mrs Brotherton成为一名教师。故选C项。]33．A．find 　 B．annoyC．raise 　 D．seekC　[根据下文中的“her children after divorce by herself”可知，Mrs Brotherton离婚后，靠自己“养育”孩子符合语境。故选C项。]34．A．angry 　 B．worriedC．brave 　 D．cautiousC　[根据上文中的“Difficulties are like huge rocks to Mrs Brotherton．”并结合下文中的“to push the rocks with all her might”可知，Mrs Brotherton竭尽全力推开挡路石，由此可知，Mrs Brotherton是足够“勇敢的”。故选C项。]35．A．habit 　 B．lifeC．shape 　 D．dietB　[根据上文中的“A mother who worked as a waitress at a school canteen to make ends meet was celebrating after becoming a headmistress of a school．”以及语境可知，Mrs Brotherton从最开始的服务员通过不断学习，克服很多困难，努力成为一所学校的校长，由此可知，这些困难最终改变了她的“人生”。故选B项。]第二节阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Zhoukoudian is a small village lying about 50 kilometers to the southwest of Beijing．In the 1920s，archaeologists discovered some prehistoric human bones there，which changed people's view of China's history．They came from 36．________unknown species of man，and were the first evidence of human life in China hundreds of thousands of years ago．The remains were three 37．________(tooth)!In 1929，a complete skull(颅骨) 38．________(dig) out．Eventually，archaeologists found almost 200 items，including 6 skulls．These discoveries proved the 39．________(exist) of a human species who lived in the area between 700，000 and 200，000 years ago．Four sites 40．________Peking Man and their relatives lived were discovered on the northern face of Longgushan．Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian was listed 41．________a World Heritage Site in December 1987．It has not only given 42．________(we) important information about prehistoric Asian societies，but also provided amazing evidence about the process of evolution．Today，parts of the caves have been badly destroyed by rain．Some areas are almost 43．________(complete) covered in weeds，causing serious damage．Also，pollution 44．________(cause) by the nearby factories has contributed to the problem．This is a very serious matter．The Chinese Academy of Sciences is doing all it can 45．________(raise) public awareness of it．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了发现北京人头骨所带来的深远意义以及周口店北京人遗址目前的状况，以此来呼吁大家保护文化遗产。36．an　[考查冠词。句意：它们来自一个未知的人种，是几十万年前中国有人类生活的第一个证据。species意为“物种”，应用不定冠词限定。所连接的单词unknown发音以元音音素开头，故填an。]37．teeth　[考查名词复数。句意：遗骸是三颗牙齿！数词three后应用名词复数。故填teeth。]38．was dug　[考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：1929年，一个完整的头骨被挖出来。根据时间状语In 1929可知，此处用一般过去时，动词dig和主语a complete skull之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为单数，故填was dug。]39．existence　[考查名词。句意：这些发现证明了70万到20万年前在该地区生活过的人类物种的存在。定冠词the后应用其名词existence“存在(不可数)”，作动词的宾语。故填existence。]40．where　[考查定语从句。句意：在龙骨山北坡发现了四处北京人及其亲属居住的遗址。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为sites，应用关系副词where引导从句，在从句中作地点状语，意为“在那里”。故填where。]41．as　[考查介词。句意：周口店北京人遗址于1987年12月被列为世界文化遗产。根据“was listed”和“a World Heritage Site”可知，此处是指周口店北京人遗址被列为世界遗产，应用介词as表示“作为”。故填as。]42．us　[考查人称代词。句意：它不仅为我们提供了有关史前亚洲群体的重要信息，而且提供了关于进化过程的惊人证据。此处应用人称代词的宾格作动词的宾语。故填us。]43．completely　[考查副词。句意：一些地区几乎完全被杂草覆盖，造成了严重的破坏。修饰动词covered应用副词。故填completely。]44．caused　[考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，附近工厂造成的污染也造成了这个问题。非谓语动词cause和主语pollution之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词作后置定语。故填caused。]45．to raise　[考查非谓语动词。句意：中国科学院正在尽其所能提高公众对它的认识。根据句意可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。do all it can to do sth．意为“竭尽全力做某事”是固定用法。故填to raise。]第三部分　写作第一节假设你是李华，请你给一位美国高中的笔友Mike写一封电子邮件，把你校最近一次运动会的情况告诉他，内容包括：1．举行时间；2．印象最深的比赛项目。注意：1．词数80左右，开头已为你写好；2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Hi Mike，I hope everything goes well with you！_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours，Li Hua[参考范文]Hi Mike， I hope everything goes well with you! I can't wait to tell you about the annual sports meeting held in our school last week．It included quite a number of sports events．Almost all events were interesting for me，of which the women's 3，000-metre race was the most impressive．An athlete slipped and fell down in the race but she swiftly rose to her feet and kept running．Her spirit of striving and never giving up inspired everyone present．Crowds of students and teachers surrounding the sports field cheered for her loudly．How about the sports participation in your school？I'm looking forward to hearing from you．Yours， Li Hua 第二节阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。People often have a tough time dealing with their feelings of disappointment．That is when you should give them time and understanding and he or she just might come around before long．I remember talking with my friend Avery about the coming school play Alice's Adventure in Wonderland，which we both applied for．Avery had a talent for acting and she was anxious for playing Alice while for me I didn't care what part I played as long as I would be in．However，when the character list was posted，we were surprised to find that I got the part of Alice and Avery was chosen to act the rabbit．I guessed it was because I hadn't been nervous at all during the audition (试演)．But that situation really didn't occur to me．Then I asked Avery，“Do you want to come over after school and we can practice our lines？” “You mean，practice your lines？” Avery replied，not even looking at me．“No，thanks．I'm pretty busy this week．” I continued to ask if it would be OK for next week but her answer was negative and full of anger．That night at dinner，after my parents congratulated me on getting the lead role，they asked how I felt．“Well，I can't understand．” I said and told them about Avery's reaction and I believed that she pretty much threw away our friendship．“Hmm，” said my dad．“Arizona，don't you think this might be an opportunity for you to be an extra-good friend？” “Dad's right，” added my mom．“Sometimes when our friends do well，we feel envious (羡慕的) and don't know how to act．Try giving her a little time and understanding．She'll come around．”Over the next week，I did my best to give Avery some space．I practiced my lines but I knew I needed some help since my voice was not expressive enough．Day by day，Avery's attitude seemed softened．As the rehearsal (彩排) day was near，I made a decision．注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式作答。One day after school in the rehearsal room，I approached Avery．______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Then came the big day．__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________[参考范文]One day after school in the rehearsal room，I approached Avery.“Hey，Avery，” I said．“I was wondering if you could help me with my lines．I know you're busy，but I really need your help．”Avery looked up at me and smiled．“Sure，I'd be happy to help．” We spent the next hour going over my lines and she gave me some great advice on how to make my performance more expressive．I was so grateful for her help and I could tell that she was happy to be able to help me．Then came the big day.We both performed our parts perfectly and the audience was thrilled．After the show，Avery and I hugged each other and thanked each other for our help．I was so glad that I had given her time and understanding，and that she had come around．From then on，we were even better friends than before．模块综合检测(一)第一部分　阅读第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ASummer Teen Volunteer OpportunitiesBloomington Parks and Recreation offers an excellent opportunity for teens to get involved and make a difference in their community by volunteering within a variety of summer youth programs．Summer Teen volunteers assist with activities under the guidance of experienced staff and gain valuable leadership skills．In the summer，teens can apply to volunteer in the following programs：Summer Adventure Playground Program VolunteerProgram Dates: June 14－August 12Location(s): Kelly，Poplar Bridge．Running，Smith，Sunrise and Westwood parksInformation: Help facilitate opportunities to play and lead playground participants (in grades 2－7) in games，sports，arts and crafts，and make new friendships．Mini View VolunteerProgram Dates: June 14－August 6Location: Valley View Elementary SchoolInformation: Help to assist with the supervision of preschoolers—1st graders in a social occasion．The View VolunteerProgram Dates: June 14－August 6Location: Valley View Elementary SchoolInformation: Help to assist with supervision of 2nd－5th graders in a social/recreational setting．Camp Kota Junior Counselor Program Dates: June 14－August 9Location: East Bush LakeInformation: Help campers learn basic outdoor skills while meeting new friends，singing crazy songs and having tons of fun．To apply，fill in a Parks and Recreation 2024 Summer Teen Volunteer Application．Please be sure to answer all questions and indicate all program(s) of interest．Applicants will be contacted via email with next steps after March 31，2024．Contact us by phone (952-563-8877) or e-mail at parksiec@BloomingtonMN．gov for more information．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个暑期志愿者活动的基本情况以及申请要求。1．What can volunteers get from the programs?A．Making the community different．B．Becoming an experienced staff member．C．Getting opportunities for college．D．Acquiring useful leadership skills．D　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“Summer Teen volunteers assist with activities under the guidance of experienced staff and gain valuable leadership skills．”可知，志愿者在这些活动中能获得有用的领导技能。故选D项。]2．Which program suits you if you are good with kindergarten kids?A．Summer Adventure Playground Program Volunteer．B．Mini View volunteer．C．The View Volunteer．D．Camp Kota Junior Counselor．B　[细节理解题。根据Mini View Volunteer部分的“Information: Help to assist with the supervision of preschoolers—1st graders in a social occasion．”可知，如果你和幼儿园的孩子相处得好，那么Mini View Volunteer这个活动项目适合你。故选B项。]3．What should you do to apply for the opportunity?A．Fill out an application form．B．Answer questions via an interview．C．Clarify your program(s) of interest by phone．D．Contact the organisers on March 31．A　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中“To apply，fill in a Parks and Recreation 2024 Summer Teen Volunteer Application．Please be sure to answer all questions and indicate all program(s) of interest．”可知，如果想要申请当暑期志愿者，需填写申请表，表上的问题都要回答，还要在表上注明感兴趣的项目，故选A项。]BSharks are among the best swimmers on the planet，but a new research suggests that even they sometimes “hold their breath” while diving deep underwater．The reason is that sharks are cold-blooded and their body temperature matches the waters they swim in．To do deep dives，they must maintain body heat，and the best way to do that is to close their gills (鳃)．Royer，a leading researcher at the University of Hawaii，set out to study the diving habits of hammerheads (双髻鲨)．They're known for swimming in warmer coastal waters，but earlier studies showed they can also dive to over 800 metres below the surface．At those cold depths，the water temperature falls to as low as 5℃．For these sharks，the fall in temperature is a matter of life and death．Because a shark can't produce its own body heat，it begins to freeze the deeper it goes．Its muscles，eyes and brain become sluggish (迟钝的)．If it gets too cold，it can't swim．And if it stops swimming，water doesn't go across its gills．It can't breathe and will eventually drown．How is it that hammerheads are able to go down into these deep depths and survive? To find out，Royer and his colleagues caught the fish and attached an electronic sensor to each shark．The sensor would release itself from the shark's body after several weeks．The data they found amazed them: The sharks dived，spent just a few minutes at depths and then they shot towards the surface．They closed their gills and kept water out of their gills so that their body wouldn't cool down．“Unlike animals with lungs，the sharks don't return to the surface to breathe．Instead，they simply go to a depth where it's warm enough for them to feel comfortable and reopen their gills．Hammerheads are probably not the only species doing so．Our work is another example of how new electronic sensors help to explain the extraordinary ability of these animals across 400 million years of changing ocean environments，” Royer said．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。新的研究发现：水温的下降对于鲨鱼来说是生死攸关的问题，鲨鱼在深海潜水时，为了保持体温，会合上它们的鳃“屏住呼吸”，在深处只待几分钟后，就冲向一个足够温暖的深度，然后重新打开它们的鳃自由呼吸。4．What does the new research focus on concerning the sharks?A．Their hunting habits．B．Their basic types．C．Their special behaviours．D．Their body structures．C　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“Sharks are among the best swimmers on the planet，but a new research suggests that even they sometimes ‘hold their breath’ while diving deep underwater．”和第四段中“How is it that hammerheads are able to go down into these deep depths and survive? To find out，Royer and his colleagues caught the fish and attached an electronic sensor to each shark．”可知，研究的结果是：鲨鱼在深海潜水时有时也会“屏住呼吸”，所以研究的重点是研究这些鲨鱼在深海区存活下来有什么特殊的行为。故选C项。]5．What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 1 refer to?A．Keeping body heat．B．Holding their breath．C．Swimming on the surface．D．Diving deep in the sea．A　[代词指代题。根据第一段中“The reason is that sharks are cold-blooded and their body temperature matches the waters they swim in．To do deep dives，they must maintain body heat，and the best way to do that is to close their gills．”和第四段中“They closed their gills and kept water out of their gills so that their body wouldn't cool down．”可知，that指代上文maintain body heat，要保持体温，就要合上鳃屏住呼吸，与A项“Keeping body heat”意思相同，故选A项。]6．What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us about hammerheads?A．How their gills work in the sea．B．How the temperature drop affects them．C．Why they can survive the terrible environment．D．Why they can protect themselves from the cold．B　[段落大意题。根据第三段可知，海洋深处水温下降对鲨鱼来说生死攸关，故第三段主要讲述了水温下降对鲨鱼的影响。故选B项。]7．What can we know from Royer's words?A．Hammerheads depend on their lungs to breathe．B．The diving strategy may not be unique to hammerheads．C．It's hard for hammerheads to adapt to the cold conditions．D．It's common for hammerheads to stay long at great depths．B　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Unlike animals with lungs，the sharks don't return to the surface to breathe．Instead，they simply go to a depth where it's warm enough for them to feel comfortable and reopen their gills．Hammerheads are probably not the only species doing so．”可知，罗耶的意思为：‘屏住呼吸’的鲨鱼不会到水面上来呼吸，而是到达一个足够温暖的深度，就可以重新打开它们的鳃自由呼吸了，这种潜水策略可能并不是双髻鲨独有的，即其他一些海洋生物可能也有这个潜水策略。故选B项。]CIt's time to put down the phone and look away from Instagram．Researchers found that people who look at pictures of food are less likely to enjoy the next meal they eat．Ryan Elder and Jeff Larson of Brigham Young University asked 232 people to look at photos of food and rate them．The researchers divided the participants into two groups—one group looked at 60 photos of desserts，while the other examined 60 photos of salty foods．Participants ranked each photo based on how attractive the food looked．Afterward both groups enjoyed a snack of salted peanuts．The group that looked at pictures of salty foods liked the peanuts less than the group who looked at desserts，even though no one saw photos of peanuts．“If you want to enjoy your meal，avoid looking at too many pictures of food，” Larson said．“Even I felt a little sick to my stomach during the study after looking at all the sweet pictures we had．”The researchers believe that food doesn't taste as good after viewing all those photos because looking at many photos makes people feel as if they have already experienced the sensation of eating．Whatever someone eats after looking at photos doesn't seem as good as what she saw．“In a way，you're becoming tired of that taste without even eating the food，” said Elder．“It's sensory boredom—you've kind of moved on．You don't want that taste experience anymore．”But there is some good news: People need to look at a lot of food photos to experience sensory boredom．So if you want to enjoy your next brunch，play it safe and stay away from your foodie friend's photo albums．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了研究人员发现，盯着食物照片的人不太可能享受他们吃的下一餐并解释了Instagram影响人们食欲的原因。8．What did the researchers do in the experiment?A．They showed peanut pictures to participants．B．They chose 232 participants who enjoy eating．C．They reminded participants to avoid sweet food．D．They asked participants to eat some salted peanuts．D　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“Afterward both groups enjoyed a snack of salted peanuts．”可知，研究者要求参与者吃一些咸花生。故选D项。]9．What happened to the participants in the salty group?A．They were afraid of rating food pictures．B．They found salted peanuts less enjoyable．C．They enjoyed their meals a lot more．D．They compared their food with others'．B　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“The group that looked at pictures of salty foods liked the peanuts less than the group who looked at desserts，even though no one saw photos of peanuts．”可知，他们觉得咸花生不那么美味了。故选B项。]10．Which of the following shows “sensory boredom”？A．You lose your sense of taste when you feel extremely tired．B．You are bored with your meal after taking pictures of food．C．You find food less delicious after seeing many food pictures．D．You eat more than before when the food tastes delicious．C　[推理判断题。根据第四段的描述和第五段“‘In a way，you're becoming tired of that taste without even eating the food，’ said Elder．‘It's sensory boredom—you've kind of moved on．You don't want that taste experience anymore．’”可知，看了很多食物图片后，你会觉得食物不好吃了，这是一种感官上的厌倦。故选C项。]11．What is the best title for the passage?A．How We Can Stay Away from InstagramB．What Causes People to Enjoy Salty FoodsC．Why Instagram Is Reducing Your AppetiteD．Which Food Tastes Less DeliciousC　[标题归纳题。根据第一段“It's time to put down the phone and look away from Instagram．Researchers found that people who look at pictures of food are less likely to enjoy the next meal they eat．”可知，文章主要解释了为什么Instagram影响人们的食欲。故选C项。]DSince terrorist attack in 2019 that killed 50 people in New Zealand was live-streamed on Facebook，many of the negative effects of social media have begun to be known．So far，it's not looking good．Not that social media is bad in nature．It does not necessarily cause mental health problems．What it is doing，however—especially in young people，a new study argues—is increasing the number of cases of young people's depression and suicide (自杀)．The new study，led by psychologist Jean Twenge at San Diego State University，has researched the effects of technology and social media on the teenager brain．For this study，Twenge and her partners researched data from 2005 to 2017．They wanted to know what age groups suffered more from depression．Chance of mood disorders，they write，“generally becomes less with age．” In this date range，depressive cases increased by 63 percent among young people aged 12 to 17，and 52 percent among young adults aged 18 to 25．There are two tendencies that appear to be causing this problem．According to the study，the increased use of electronic communication and digital media during this time period may have changed ways of socialising enough to affect mood disorders and suicide-related results．For example，people who spend more time on social media and less time with others face-to-face report poorer health and are more likely to be depressed．Tied into increased screen time，which could lead to being affected by cyber-bullying，are sleep issues．Sleep duration is decreasing among all age groups，but especially young adults during a time in life when they need it the most．Lack of sleep has been linked to mood disorders，suicidal thoughts，and suicide attempts．Using the technology for good is one step forward．But another would be to put the phone down more often．If you've only grown up in a world viewed through a screen，learning that other world—namely，the real one—exists might seem impossible．Therefore，some distance is feeling more necessary day by day．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。文章谈论了社交媒体的负面作用，呼吁人们减少使用手机。12．How did the team carry out the research?A．By studying the data．B．By studying behaviour．C．By doing experiments．D．By interviewing people．A　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“The new study，led by psychologist Jean Twenge at San Diego State University，has researched the effects of technology and social media on the teenager brain．For this study，Twenge and her partners researched data from 2005 to 2017．”可知，这个团队是通过研究数据进行这项研究的。故选A项。]13．Which is a possible cause of increased cases of depression among young people?A．Too early bedtime．B．Face-to-face contact．C．Good Internet connection．D．Frequent use of phones．D　[推理判断题。根据第五段可知，频繁使用手机可能是年轻人抑郁症病例增加的原因。故选D项。]14．What is the author's attitude towards the use of technology?A．Doubtful．　　　　 B．Careful．C．Unconcerned． 　 D．Unknown．B　[推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者认为科技有好处，但作者建议读者要经常地放下手机，与科技有点距离，说明作者对科技的使用持小心谨慎的(careful)态度。故选B项。]15．Which section of a website is the text most likely from?A．Culture． 　 B．Education．C．Opinions． 　 D．History．C　[推理判断题。通读全文，根据第一段中“Since terrorist attack in 2019 that killed 50 people in New Zealand was live-streamed on Facebook，many of the negative effects of social media have begun to be known．”和最后一段中“Using the technology for good is one step forward．But another would be to put the phone down more often．”可知，本文主要谈论了社交媒体的负面作用，阐述了自己的观点，呼吁人们减少使用手机。据此推知，本文来源于网站的“观点意见”部分。故选C项。]第二节阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Studying in America presents you with unique opportunities to get involved in a community that pushes you to succeed．　16　 These tips will help you make the most of the four years．Participation in university programs helps you make new friends and establish a connection with your school．At the beginning of the school year，most universities will host an organisation fair where every club on campus will be recruiting (招募) new members．　17　 By chatting with old club members，you can decide where you'll fit best．To best prepare for your future，growing your professional network is essential．Joining professional student organisations that correspond with your professional interests is a great place to start．For example，professional societies often hold conferences and send out newsletters about industry happenings．Remember to be active and interested in your college years．　18　Taking part in voluntary work is a practical way to make a difference in the local community where your university is located．Some organisations like Habitat for Humanity have opportunities throughout the country．Neighbourhoods surrounding your university will also have individual needs and service opportunities that will benefit from your help．　19　 It shows a new side of the place you'll call home for the next several years．　20　 But getting around America on breaks can be a great opportunity to see more of it．If you have time，consider taking different trips，in which you can explore different cultures and meet new friends．Gradually，you'll find your vision broadened and life enriched．A．Being a volunteer can advance your career．B．College is the perfect time to learn and grow．C．Living off campus is a great way to save money．D．The event gives you an idea of each organisation．E．It also allows you to get an ideal job after graduation．F．Travelling overseas can be difficult during the school year．G．Volunteering helps you feel connected to the community you live in．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在美国大学学习的过程中，可以参与社区志愿活动去提升自己，并且这对以后的工作也有所帮助。16．B　[根据后文“make the most of the four years”可推知，空处内容是有关大学生活的，B项“College is the perfect time to learn and grow．(大学是学习和成长的最佳时机)”符合题意，与下文衔接自然。故选B项。]17．D　[根据上文“At the beginning of the school year，most universities will host an organisation fair where every club on campus will be recruiting new members．”和后文“By chatting with old club members，you can decide where you'll fit best．”可知，这些活动提供了与老会员交流的机会，以便了解适合自己的俱乐部。D项“The event gives you an idea of each organisation．(该活动让你了解每个组织)”符合题意，选项中的“The event”指代上文的“an organisation fair”。故选D项。]18．E　[根据前文“For example，professional societies often hold conferences and send out newsletters about industry happenings．”可知，这里是指就业方面的问题。E项“It also allows you to get an ideal job after graduation．(它还可以让你在毕业后找到一份理想的工作)”符合题意，“It”指代上文的提到的那件事。故选E项。]19．G　[根据上文“Taking part in voluntary work is a practical way to make a difference in the local community where your university is located．”和后文“It shows a new side of the place you'll call home for the next several years．”可知，这里说的是志愿者服务和社区之间相辅相成的关系。G项“Volunteering helps you feel connected to the community you live in．(志愿服务有助于你感受到与你生活的社区的联系)”符合语境，下文的“It”指代选项中的“Volunteering”。故选G项。]20．F　[根据后文“But getting around America on breaks can be a great opportunity to see more of it．”中的“but”可知，空处与此处为转折关系，说明本空与“在美国国内转转”是相对的。F项“Travelling overseas can be difficult during the school year．(念书时出国旅行可能很困难)”符合语境。故选F项。]第二部分　语言运用第一节阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Edmond was a school bus driver for 22 years．One morning，the rain pouring down，he and the bus monitor Valentine were called to 　21　 a student who missed the bus．What 　22　 them was that the student didn't turn up when they reached the specified place．Edmond and Valentine didn't expect they had a larger 　23　 to achieve．Just around the corner，they found two children 　24　 in the rushing floodwaters．The boy and the girl were struggling to hold onto a 　25　 to avoid being swept away．Edmond and Valentine couldn't 　26　 to save them，but neither could swim．Jumping into action meant putting their own 　27　 on the line．Since the bus was for special needs children，it was 　28　 with removable seat belts．They got a(n) 　29　．Immediately they tied the seat belts together so as to 　30　 the children．Close by neighbours additionally got here to 　31　， and the group made combined efforts to 　32　 the boy and the girl from the tree．They created a human chain and 　33　 the tied belts out until Edmond got a firm hold on the children and pulled them to safety．The two children were 　34　 of Edmond，giving him a big hug．Surrounding them，everyone present was filled with happiness，though wet all over．This great rescue operation went viral on social media and drew praise for their 　35　 from all quarters．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了校车司机爱德蒙和班长瓦伦丁在大雨倾盆的早上救出被洪水围困的两个孩子的故事。21．A．look after　　　 B．send forC．pick up 　 D．call onC　[根据上文“Edmond was a school bus driver”和下文可知，爱德蒙和班长去接一个错过公交车的学生。故选C。]22．A．discouraged 　 B．boredC．excited 　 D．impressedA　[根据上文“the rain pouring down”和下文“the student didn't turn up when they reached the specified place”可知，那天早上大雨倾盆，他们专门去接那名学生，但学生却没有出现，这让他们很沮丧。故选A。]23．A．dream 　 B．goalC．success 　 D．missionD　[根据下文可知，爱德蒙和瓦伦丁在洪水中救出被困小孩，这是一个更大的任务。故选D。]24．A．driven 　 B．pushedC．stuck 　 D．preparedC　[根据下文可知，两个孩子被困在汹涌的洪水中。故选C。]25．A．tree 　 B．beltC．seat 　 D．busA　[根据下文“the group made combined efforts to ________ the boy and the girl from the tree”可知，此处指男孩和女孩挣扎着抓住一棵树。故选A。]26．A．offer 　 B．waitC．pretend 　 D．longB　[根据语境和常识可知，当时情况危急，所以爱德蒙和瓦伦丁迫不及待地想救他们。couldn't wait to do sth．意为“迫不及待地做某事”。 故选B。]27．A．lives 　 B．futureC．jobs 　 D．familyA　[根据上文“but neither could swim”可知，他们都不会游泳，在如此危急的情况下救人肯定意味着将自己的生命置于危险之中。故选A。]28．A．covered 　 B．decoratedC．filled 　 D．equippedD　[根据上文“Since the bus was for special needs children”可知，此处指它配备了可拆卸的安全带。故选D。]29．A．suggestion 　 B．ideaC．belief 　 D．conclusionB　[根据下文“Immediately they tied the seat belts together so as to ________ the children．”可知，这是他们想到的主意。故选B。]30．A．lock 　 B．searchC．reach 　 D．hangC　[根据句中“they tied the seat belts together”可知，他们把安全带系在一起是为了够到孩子们。故选C。]31．A．assist 　 B．cheerC．respond 　 D．watchA　[根据下文“the group made combined efforts”可知，附近的邻居们也来到这里帮忙。故选A。]32．A．protect 　 B．tellC．free 　 D．tearC　[根据上文“The boy and the girl were struggling to hold onto a ________ to avoid being swept away．”可知，两个孩子之前挣扎着抓住一棵树，他们通过把安全带系在一起把男孩和女孩从树上解救出来。故选C。]33．A．extended 　 B．pushedC．turned 　 D．kickedA　[根据语境可知，他们制造了一条人链，把系好的皮带伸出去，把他们拉到安全的地方。故选A。]34．A．proud 　 B．appreciativeC．fond 　 D．tiredB　[根据下文“giving him a big hug”以及常识可知，孩子被营救出来，肯定心存感激。故选B。]35．A．attitude 　 B．descriptionC．action 　 D．fortuneC　[根据上文可知，爱德蒙和附近的邻居们共同努力将男孩和女孩从树上解救出来，所以这是一次救援行动。故选C。]第二节阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。I have been in Taiyuan，the provincial capital of Shanxi，for two years since I 36．________(admit) to a PhD program in Shanxi University as an international student from Bangladesh．Over the two years，I found myself falling in love with Shanxi and China as I got more 37．______(absorb) in local lives and got more familiar 38．________ the city，the province and the country．I must admit that it's normal to feel lonely when 39．________(start) a new life in a new place．You have to adapt to everything—food，language and culture．40．________， my adaptation didn't take a long period of time．I have got used to eating noodles for breakfast and using online payment via my smartphone very quickly．After a while at the university，I didn't feel much pressure in my study．There is still enough spare time to allow me to visit various parts of Taiyuan and Shanxi and 41．________(make) friends with locals．My favourite sport is cycling and I find China is very cyclist-friendly because it is 42．________(convenience) to hire bicycles in every city in the country．I like to cycle in the streets in Taiyuan and visit places 43．________ I meet randomly．The cycling tours helped to deepen my understanding of the city．The city has a history of more than 2，500 years，the 44．________(long) among all cities in China．Plenty of well-preserved ancient structures，like the 45．________(temple) in Jinci，the double pagodas in Yongzuo Temple，are the material evidence to help you get a glimpse into what ancient China looked like．I hope more international students come to study in Shanxi University and to live and work in China as the country is full of opportunities．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了来自孟加拉国的国际留学生在山西求学和生活的经历。36．was admitted　[考查谓语动词。句意：自从我作为一名来自孟加拉国的国际留学生被山西大学的博士班录取以来，我已经在山西省会太原待了两年了。分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话描述的是过去的事情，动词admit和主语I之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态结构，be动词用was。故填was admitted。]37．absorbed　[考查词性转换。句意：在这两年里，我发现自己爱上了山西和中国，因为我专注于了解当地生活，对这个城市、这个省和这个国家也变得更熟悉了。分析句子结构和句意可知，这里考查形容词，作表语。be/get absorbed in意为“专注于……”。故填absorbed。]38．with　[考查固定短语。句意同上。分析句子结构和句意可知，这里考查固定短语be/get familiar with，意为“熟悉……”。故填with。]39．starting　[考查状语从句的省略。句意：我必须承认，当在一个新的地方开始新的生活时，感到孤独是很正常的。此处是when引导的状语从句的省略，当从句和主句主语是同一主语时，且从句含有be动词，从句可以省略主语和be动词，动词start是句子主语I主动发出的动作，二者是主动关系，完整从句为when I am starting a new life in a new place，省略了主语和be动词。故填starting。]40．However　[考查副词。句意：然而，我的适应没有花很长时间。分析句子结构和句意可知，上下文是转折关系，空格前后都有标点符号，用副词however，起过渡作用，句首单词首字母大写。故填However。]41．to make　[考查固定搭配。句意：还有足够的空闲时间让我可以参观太原和山西的各个地方，并与当地人交朋友。分析句子结构和句意可知，这里需要动词不定式结构和前面的to visit并列，构成固定短语allow sb．to do sth．，意为“允许某人做某事”。故填to make。]42．convenient　[考查词性转换。句意：我最喜欢的运动是骑自行车，我发现中国对骑自行车的人非常友好，因为在全国每个城市租用自行车都很方便。分析句子结构和句意可知，这里需要形容词，作表语，意为“方便的”。故填convenient。]43．that/which　[考查定语从句。句意：我喜欢在太原的街道上骑自行车，参观我随机遇到的地方。分析句子结构和句意可知，________ I meet randomly是限制性定语从句，先行词places在从句中作主语，指物，用关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。]44．longest　[考查形容词最高级。句意：这座城市有 2 500 多年的历史，是中国所有城市中最长的。分析句子结构和句意可知，空格前面有the，所以这里用最高级形式，表示“最长的”。故填longest。]45．temples　[考查名词复数。句意：大量保存完好的古代建筑，如晋祠的寺庙和永祚寺的双塔，都是帮助你了解古代中国面貌的物证。分析句子结构和句意可知，temple是可数名词，此处表示不止一个，需要用名词复数形式。故填temples。]第三部分　写作第一节假定你是李华，你校最近开设了京剧社团，你担任团长。社团正在招收成员，你校留学生Eric喜爱京剧，请给他写一封电子邮件，邀请他加入社团。内容包括：1．写邮件的目的；2．社团活动简介；3．报名方式及截止日期。 注意：1．写作词数应为 80 左右；2．请按如下格式作答。 参考词汇：招收：recruitDear Eric，____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours，Li Hua[参考范文]Dear Eric，I'm Li Hua，head of our school's newly-founded Beijing Opera Club．We are recruiting members．Knowing that you are fond of Beijing Opera，I'm writing to invite you to join it．As club members，not only will we be able to learn basic movements and techniques of Beijing Opera from professional performers，but we can also play roles in some shows．What's more，we can share and exchange our feelings about performances with each other．All the activities will be held at the weekends．If you are interested，please sign up on our school website before January 31．Yours，Li Hua第二节阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。When Sophie left the grocery，it suddenly started raining—a heavy downpour，in fact．She had neither her jacket nor her umbrella．Sophie held her paper bag over her head and made a rush．The rain hit her face as she ran up the street．As she stood waiting for the lights to change，Sophie glanced down to see a child's toy lying on the sidewalk．She looked around，wondering who might have dropped it，but the street was deserted．What should she do? She couldn't just leave it there．Sophie bent and picked up the toy—a grey elephant with a dirty label，and very wet．As the light went green，she had to make a quick decision．She held the elephant tightly and hurried on her way to her office．“Why did you bring it with you？” Gemma asked while Sophie poured a coffee．“When they realise they've lost it，they'll probably return to the place．You should've displayed it where you found it．Somewhere noticeable．”That made sense．“It was getting completely wet，” Sophie protested． “It might have been destroyed．”“It might as well be，if you can't reunite it with its owner，” Gemma replied．“Some toddler (学步儿童) is going to have trouble getting to sleep tonight without their elephant．”Oh，dear! Sophie had tried to do a good thing，but acting on impulse (冲动) might not have been the best choice．She decided to go back at lunch—find somewhere to set it up high．For the rest of the morning she placed the elephant on the radiator (暖气片) by her desk．At least it would be a bit drier by the time she took it back．But at lunch time，another heavy shower arrived．She picked up the toy elephant and gave its large ears a rub．注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式作答。“What am I going to do with you？” she asked，staring at the toy．____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________The man on the phone，who said his name was Arthur，sounded excited．____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________[参考范文]“What am I going to do with you？” she asked， staring at the toy.Suddenly，she came up with a plan．She decided to take a photo of the toy and post it on social media，hoping that someone would recognise it and help connect her with the owner．Sophie snapped a picture of the toy elephant，wrote a caption explaining the situation，and shared it on various local community groups and lost-and-found pages．Although Sophie received numerous messages and calls from different people，none of them turned out to be the right match．However，she remained hopeful and continued her search．Finally，one afternoon，Sophie received a call from a man．The man on the phone， who said his name was Arthur， sounded excited.He explained that the toy was his child's cherished one and his description exactly matched that day's situation．Sophie arranged a meeting with the family，and upon seeing the joyous reunion between the child and her toy，she knew that her impulsive decision had ultimately led to a happy ending．From that day forward，Sophie learned the importance of thinking through her actions before acting on impulse．She also realised the power of community and social media in helping to solve problems and bring people together．模块综合检测(二)第一部分　阅读第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AUpcoming Food Festivals in SummerStuttgarter Weindorf (Stuttgart，Germany)，August 21－25This food festival celebrates wine on the land of beer．German wine is obviously underrated．Stuttgart's annual Weindorf sees 28 open air restaurants serving more than 500 wines from Baden and Wurttemberg，with reds，whites，roses and sparkling versions all available．Fresh pretzels and chocolates will also be available to help mop up the alcohol．Matstreif (Oslo，Norway)，July 11－12With a wide variety of dishes available at wallet-sparing prices，this event sees more than 200 food stalls open for business in Oslo's City Hall Square．Bold foodies should try “rakfisk”—rotten fish．If that sounds a bit much，there's always “svele”， a kind of pancake that originates from western Norway．Loch Lomond Food and Drink Festival (Loch Lomond，Scotland)，August 4－6The 10th annual edition of this festival offers one of the best showcases for Scottish produce．On the menu are local specialties from the surrounding national park．For those who like a competitive edge with their lunch，there's even a “haggis” eating contest that pits eight hungry visitors against each other to see who can eat a pound of the local food．Cheese 2024 (Bra，Italy)，August 27－September 2The name is a bit of a giveaway here．This bi-annual event sees Italy's best cheese makers gather on the small town of Bra．Its free to visit，although plenty of euros are needed to pay for samples and tryout some of the courses on offer．Whatever they are hunting for，cheese lovers will be well taken care of．They just need to make sure there's time for post-cheese snooze before the next round of cheese tasting．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几个即将到来的夏季美食节。1．What can visitors do at the Norwegian food festival?A．Try some pancakes．B．Eat a pound of haggis．C．Drink red and white wines．D．Buy samples of cheese．A　[细节理解题。根据Matstreif (Oslo，Norway)，July 11－12部分中“If that sounds a bit much，there's always ‘svele’， a kind of pancake that originates from western Norway．”可知，游客在挪威美食节上可以吃到煎饼。故选A项。]2．Where can people join in an eating competition?A．In Oslo，Norway．B．In Loch Lomond，Scotland．C．In Stuttgart，Germany．D．In Bra，Italy．B　[细节理解题。根据Loch Lomond Food and Drink Festival (Loch Lomond，Scotland)，August 4－6部分中“For those who like a competitive edge with their lunch，there's even a ‘haggis’ eating contest that pits eight hungry visitors against each other to see who can eat a pound of the local food．”可知，人们参加吃食物比赛是在Loch Lomond，Scotland。故选B项。]3．Which food festival lasts longest?A．Matstreif．B．Loch Lomond Food and Drink Festival．C．Stuttgarter Weindorf．D．Cheese 2024．D　[细节理解题。根据文章中对四个美食节的介绍可知，Cheese 2024的食物节持续时间最长，从 8月27日至9月2日。故选D项。]BI wanted a cat and I visited the American Humane Society in Ann Arbor，Michigan，looking for the perfect cat and began playing with several playful kittens through the cage opening．A little black kitten I nearly ignored stuck his paw (爪子) through the cage，calling me to play．He was clearly interested in me，so I asked to hold him．Our connection was immediate．I adopted him，named him Aladdin，and brought him home．Over the next 16 years，Aladdin and I were inseparable．He was the gentlest and sweetest cat．But one night in late 2013，everything changed．It was as if one day Aladdin was still acting like a kitten，and then the next day he was vomiting (呕吐) frequently．I took him to the vet and sadly was told he had stomach cancer．A month later，Aladdin got worse．The vet said it was time to put him down．Heartbroken，I said my goodbyes as he went to sleep．Once I got back home，reality hit me hard．Usually，Aladdin was there to greet me at the door，demanding hugs and kisses．But he was gone，leaving a huge emptiness in my life and in my home．I couldn't catch my breath．I suffered from panic attacks that entire week．About a week after losing Aladdin，my friend Amy called me．She had saved a cat and asked if I could come over and hold the kitten while she cleaned her cage．I unwillingly agreed．When I arrived，I picked up the kitten and held her in my arms．To our amazement，she didn't move once in the entire 30 minutes I held her．As I kept petting her，I knew I was going to adopt her．And I was going to name her Fiona．Once I brought Fiona home，my panic attacks stopped．To this day，six years later，having her near me is very comforting．A sense of calm comes over me when I hold her．Whenever I feel sad，I lay my head on her，and everything feels better．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和她的猫咪们的故事。4．What did the author say about Aladdin?A．He was well trained．B．He ignored her at first．C．He got along well with other cats．D．He felt closely connected to her．D　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“．．．stuck his paw through the cage，calling me to play．He was clearly interested in me．．．”可知，Aladdin与作者初见就很亲近。]5．What can we infer about the author from paragraph 3?A．She suffered greatly after Aladdin's death．B．She was responsible for Aladdin's death．C．She was regretful about raising a cat．D．She acted like a careless pet owner．A　[推理判断题。根据第三段中“The vet said it was time to put him down ．．．I suffered from panic attacks that entire week．”可知，Aladdin的离世给作者带来了巨大的打击，使她患上了恐慌症。]6．How did the author first respond to Fiona?A．Unexpectedly pleased．B．Unsurprisingly calm．C．Frightened．D．Unconcerned．A　[推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“I unwillingly agreed．When I arrived，I picked up the kitten ．．．As I kept petting her，I knew I was going to adopt her．”可知，作者在第一次将Fiona搂入怀中的时候就非常高兴，这也在她的意料之外。]7．What is the main idea of the text?A．Why I cannot live without cats．B．What I did to get a cat to like me．C．How keeping a cat made me sociable．D．The story of me and my cats．D　[主旨大意题。根据全文可归纳，文章主要介绍了作者和她收养的猫咪们的故事。]CBorn in 1887 in a Russian-Jewish town，Chagall started painting at the age of 19．Disappointed with the colors of traditional Russian art，he loved to paint with strong blues，reds and yellows．So in 1911，he moved to Paris，France，where artists from around the world were creating novel art forms and he acquired fresh ways of painting eagerly．He stayed true to his childhood memories．While others chose modern subjects，he painted scenes of fantasy based on an older，farmer-like way of life．Blue dogs，yellow skies and red trees were all creations of his imagination．Chagall went through two world wars and personal sufferings．In 1941，because his family were Jewish，the Chagalls had to leave France to escape the Nazis during World War Ⅱ．In 1944 came another blow．Chagall's beloved wife Bella died of an illness．Despite the hardships，his passion for painting never faded．In the 1950s，he returned to France and continued to make his dreamlike paintings．One day，during a walk in a village，he discovered a 700-year-old church，where he saw a stained-glass (彩色玻璃) window that contained a green horse．It looked as if Chagall might have created it himself．Here was a sure sign，he thought，that he should create his own stained-glass windows．Then Chagall devoted all his energy and time to the work．As we know，many stained-glass windows are made of flat colors，but Chagall used various techniques to create the effects he wanted．He made flexible use of bright colors，putting light into the works．He painted images on glass，then had them fired to high temperatures，making the lines and colors part of the glass．Chagall created the stained-glass windows for churches and other buildings around the world until his death in 1985．He gave them as gifts to the world and often refused payment．Today，people are still amazed at how his stained-glass creations shine and change with the sun．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了艺术家Chagall创造自己的彩色玻璃窗的经过。8．Why did Chagall choose to go to Paris?A．To learn new painting skills．B．To publicize his new ideas about art．C．To experience the colorful local life．D．To participate in modern art exhibitions．A　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“So in 1911，he moved to Paris，France，where artists from around the world were creating novel art forms and he acquired fresh ways of painting eagerly．”可知，夏加尔去巴黎是为了学习新的绘画技巧。故选A。]9．What led Chagall to design stained-glass windows?A．Desire to let in more sunlight．B．Intention to improve the quality of glass．C．Encouragement from some famous artists．D．Inspiration from an ancient church window．D　[细节理解题。根据第四段可知，来自古老教堂窗户的灵感促使夏加尔设计彩色玻璃窗。故选D。]10．What does paragraph 5 mainly talk about?A．Chagall's working attitude．B．The images Chagall created．C．Chagall's artistic experiences．D．The features of Chagall's works．D　[段落大意题。根据第五段内容可知，该段主要讲述了夏加尔作品的特点。故选D。]11．Which of the following can best describe Chagall as an artist?A．Imaginative and honest．B．Generous and easy-going．C．Creative and strong-willed．D．Energetic and traditional．C　[推理判断题。根据第五段中“Then Chagall devoted all his energy and time to the work．As we know，many stained-glass windows are made of flat colors，but Chagall used various techniques to create the effects he wanted．”和最后一段中“Chagall created the stained-glass windows for churches and other buildings around the world until his death in 1985．”可推知，夏加尔有创造力，意志坚强。故选C。]DWhen put to the test，bees have proved over and over again that they've got a lot more to offer than making honey and now some scientists say there's proof that they also like to play．A study recently published in Animal Behavior suggests that bumblebees，when given the chance，like to fool around with toys．Researchers from Queen Mary University of London conducted an experiment in which they set up a container that allowed bees to travel from their nest to a feeding area．But along the way，the bees could choose to pass through a separate section with several small wooden balls．Over 18 days，the scientists watched as the bees “went out of their way to roll wooden balls repeatedly，though there seems to be no apparent cause to drive them to do so．”The finding suggests that like humans，insects also interact with inanimate (无生命的) objects as a form of play．Also similar to people，younger bees seemed to be more playful than adult bees．“Previous research has shown that there are lots of animals who play just for the purpose of enjoyment，but most examples come from young mammals and birds．This study provides a strong indication that insect minds are far more advanced than we might imagine，” Lars Chittka，who led the study，said．The study's first author，Samadi Galpayage，who is a PhD student at Queen Mary University，added that it is the evidence that insects may be able to experience feelings．“They can actually experience some kind of positive emotional states，even if basic，like other larger fluffy (覆有绒毛的) animals do．This sort of finding has led to our understanding of insects and will，hopefully，encourage us to respect and protect life on earth ever more，” she said in the statement．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是有证据表明蜜蜂喜欢玩耍。12．What is paragraph 2 mainly about?A．The conclusion of the research．B．The assumption about the bees．C．The description of the experiment．D．The reasons for conducting the experiment．C　[段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，该段主要是对实验的描述。故选C项。]13．What does the underlined word “apparent” in paragraph 2 mean?A．Clear．　　　　　 B．Preventable．C．Horrible． 　 D．Different．A　[词义猜测题。根据第二段中“But along the way，the bees could choose to pass through a separate section with several small wooden balls．Over 18 days，the scientists watched as the bees ‘went out of their way to roll wooden balls repeatedly，though there seems to be no apparent cause to drive them to do so’”可知，此处表示“尽管似乎没有明显的原因驱使它们这样做”，画线词apparent的意思是“明显的”，和clear意思相近，故选A项。]14．What can we learn from the study?A．Birds like to fool around with toys．B．Toys are more enjoyable to adult bees．C．Humans seldom interact with lifeless objects for fun．D．Insect minds are better developed than we thought．D　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“This study provides a strong indication that insect minds are far more advanced than we might imagine”可知，我们能从这项研究中了解到昆虫的大脑比我们想象的要发达。故选D项。]15．Which statement will Samadi Galpayage agree to?A．Insects experience the same emotions as humans do．B．Fluffy animals fail to show positive emotional states．C．More work is needed to protect endangered life on earth．D．The finding improves our understanding of living things．D　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中“This sort of finding has led to our understanding of insects and will，hopefully，encourage us to respect and protect life on earth ever more”可知，Samadi Galpayage会同意的说法是：这一发现增进了我们对生物的理解。故选D项。]第二节阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to prepare for a wildfireBefore you can effectively prepare，it's very important to understand how wildfires operate．Many think wildfires destroy homes because a wall of flames(火焰)moves across the landscape．　16　．Now that you know what a wildfire is，here's how you can protect your home and your family．　17　Creating a defensible space around your home acts as a barrier against wildfire flames．Home hardening involves constructing with fire-resistant materials．Investing $10，000 to $20，000 in these measures significantly reduces the chance of a home being ravaged by a wildfire，lowering risk by 75%．Remove dead tree branchesSimilar to dry or bagged leaves，dead tree branches are dry，which means they，too，can catch fire quickly．If you have any hanging from trees or laying in your yard，remove them ASAP．The same rule applies when removing dead tree branches: 　18　．Create an evacuation (撤离)planFamilies should go over an evacuation plan and practice it well before an emergency actually occurs．Knowing when to leave and being able to go quickly is crucial during an evacuation scenario．　19　．Then plan your primary and alternative evacuation route，and assemble emergency supplies and store them where you can get to them quickly．Make sure gutters(水槽)are made of metal　20　．Fix metal gutter covers to reduce leaf litter and windblown debris．This will ensure that things don't burn in them and spread fire to your home．Don't pressure-wash gutters; it can damage them or pull them off your house．A．Do not store them close to the houseB．Replace plastic gutters with metal onesC．Things we all have are around our homesD．It's important to keep away from wildfireE．Build defensible spaces and harden your homeF．Set a meet up destination for all family members firstG．Actually，it's tiny wind-blown things that destroy most of them【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了预防野火的几个准备措施。16．G　[根据空后内容“Now that you know what a wildfire is，here's how you can protect your home and your family．”可知，上文解释了什么是野火。选项G “Actually，it's tiny wind-blown things that destroy most of them(实际上，是被风吹来的小东西摧毁了它们中的大部分)”与空前内容“Many think wildfires destroy homes because a wall of flames moves across the landscape．(许多人认为野火摧毁房屋是因为一堵火焰墙穿过整个光景。)”相对，解释了野火的具体含义。故选G。]17．E　[设空处为小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文可知，本段主要建议我们建造一个防御空间。选项E “Build defensible spaces and harden your home(建造可防御的空间，加固你的房屋)”符合本段主要内容，故选E。]18．A　[根据上文可知，枯死的树枝很干燥，容易着火，所以要把枯死的树枝移走。空前“The same rule applies when removing dead tree branches(同样的规则也适用于移除枯枝)”可知，上面的规则也适用于移除枯枝，也就是不要把枯枝放在院子里。选项A “Do not store them close to the house(不要在房子附近存放)”符合上文内容，故选A。]19．F　[根据上文可知，在疏散时快速离开很重要。选项F “Set a meet up destination for all family members first(首先为所有家庭成员设定一个见面地点)”是上文内容的具体阐述，指的是在演习疏散场景时应该首先明确见面地点；而且，选项F中的“first”也和下文“Then plan your primary and alternative evacuation route，and assemble emergency supplies and store them where you can get to them quickly．”中的“then”保持一致。故选F。]20．B　[根据下文可知，空处提到了金属水槽。选项B“Replace plastic gutters with metal ones(用金属水槽代替塑料水槽)”符合小标题“Make sure gutters are made of metal(确保水槽是由金属制成的)”内容，同时引出下文。故选B。]第二部分　语言运用第一节阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。On Oct．11，hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota．Melanie Bailey should have 　21　 the course earlier than she did．Her 　22　 came because she was carrying a 　23　 across the finish line．As reported by a local newspaper，Bailey was more than two thirds of the way through her 　24　 when a runner in front of her began crying in pain．She 　25　 to help her fellow runner，Danielle Lenoue．Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with 　26　．She couldn't．Bailey then 　27　 to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line，then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get 　28　 attention．Once there，Lenoue was 　29　 and later taken to a hospital，where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees．She would have struggled with extreme 　30　 to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey's help．As for Bailey，she is more 　31　 about why her act is considered a big 　32　．“She was just crying．I couldn't 　33　 her，” Bailey told the reporter．“I feel like I was just doing the right thing．”Although the two young women were 　34　 before the meet，they've since become friends．Neither won the race，but the display of human 　35　 won the day．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是Melanie Bailey在参加一次越野比赛中将受伤运动员背着到达终点的故事。21．A．designed　　　　　 B．followedC．changed 　 D．finishedD　[根据语境和下文中“the course earlier than she did”以及“across the finish line”可知，此处指的是她本应该更早到达终点，所以此处应为“完成”比赛符合语境。故选D项。]22．A．delay 　 B．chanceC．trouble 　 D．excuseA　[根据下文中“because she was carrying a ______ across the finish line”以及“She ________ to help her fellow runner，Danielle Lenoue．”可知，Bailey因为帮助了另一位参赛者，所以此处指的是她“延误”的原因。故选A项。]23．A．judge 　 B．volunteerC．classmate 　 D．competitorD　[根据语境和下文可知，Bailey在比赛的过程中遇到了她前方的参赛者大哭，由此可知，此处应为“参赛者”符合语境。故选D项。]24．A．race 　 B．schoolC．town 　 D．trainingA　[根据上文中“On Oct．11，hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota．”可知，本文讲述的是在一次全国越野跑比赛中发生的事情，所以此处应为“比赛”符合语境。故选A项。]25．A．agreed 　 B．returnedC．stopped 　 D．promisedC　[根据上文可知，该故事发生在比赛进行到赛程三分之二多的时候，结合下文中的“to help her fellow runner”可知，此处指的是她“停下”去帮助她的对手。故选C项。]26．A．courage 　 B．helpC．patience 　 D．adviceB　[根据上文中“She ________ to help her fellow runner，Danielle Lenoue．”可知，她停下来帮助她的对手，所以此处是搀扶着她的对手看一下用这种“帮助”能否往前走。故选B项。]27．A．went away 　 B．stood upC．stepped aside 　 D．bent downD　[根据常识和下文中“to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line”可知，为了让Lenoue能爬到她的后背上，此处应是她“弯下腰”符合语境。故选D项。]28．A．medical 　 B．publicC．constant 　 D．equalA　[根据下文可知，Lenoue在那里被转到了医院，了解到她的一个膝盖受伤严重，由此可推断，此处指的是Bailey背着她去能接受“医治”的地方，medical attention意为“治疗”符合语境。故选A项。]29．A．interrupted 　 B．examinedC．subscribed 　 D．appreciatedB　[根据下文中“and later taken to a hospital，where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees”可知，此处描述的是Lenoue接受检查的过程，先是在医疗救助站，后来送到医院，由此可知，此处应指的是“检查”符合语境。故选B项。]30．A．hunger 　 B．painC．cold 　 D．tirednessB　[根据上文中“where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees”可知，Lenoue的一个膝盖受伤严重，所以此处指的是如果没有Bailey的帮助，她要在极度的“疼痛”中到医疗检查站接受治疗。故选B项。]31．A．worried 　 B．ashamedC．confused 　 D．discouragedC　[根据下文中“why her act is considered a big ________”和“I feel like I was just doing the right thing．”可知，Bailey认为自己只是做了一件正确的事情，所以此处用“why”表达的是她觉得“困惑”。故选C项。]32．A．game 　 B．problemC．lesson 　 D．behaviourD　[根据上文中“her act is considered”以及下文中“I feel like I was just doing the right thing．”可知，此处讲述的是人们对她的行为的评价，所以此处指的是被认为是伟大的“行为”符合语境。故选D项。]33．A．leave 　 B．cureC．bother 　 D．understandA　[根据上文可知，Bailey看见她前方的一名对手疼痛的哭泣后，她背着她的对手到医疗检查站接受检查，所以此处指的是Bailey不能“撇下”她。故选A项。]34．A．strangers 　 B．volunteersC．graduates 　 D．explorersA　[根据上文可知，Bailey在比赛过程中遇到一位参赛者疼痛哭泣，她帮助她的对手，由此可知，在她们两人相遇之前是“陌生人”。故选A项。]35．A．eagerness 　 B．kindnessC．curiosity 　 D．anxietyB　[根据语境可知，Bailey由于在比赛过程中背着一位受伤的参赛者到达终点接受医疗检查，而没有赢得比赛，但是这一“善举”赢得了大家的称赞，所以此处指的是“善良”赢得了胜利。故选B项。]第二节阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Bridges made out of living roots of trees have been put forward for UNESCO's World Heritage List．The root bridges are in the Meghalaya region of northeast India．The region gets 36．________ lot of rainfall and is one of the 37．________ (wet) areas on Earth，which creates lots of lakes，rivers and waterfalls，38．________(make) it difficult to build roads．However，for hundreds of years the local Khasi people have been trying 39．________ (they) best to grow root bridges across rivers and streams to make it easier for them to move around the area．The bridges 40．________ (build) by stretching the roots of living trees over the river and winding them around bamboo structures to guide them in the right 41．________ (direct)． The roots can take up to 20 years 42．________ (grow) into a complete bridge．The India government has suggested Meghalaya's root bridges should be added 43．______ the UNESCO World Heritage List．This means they will get special recognition—just like Egypt's pyramids or the Great Barrier Reef in Australia— 44．________ should attract more tourist and money to the area．Morningstar Khongthaw from Meghalaya said，“We want to spread this knowledge so that future 45．________ (generation) will benefit．”【语篇解读】　本文为一篇说明文。讲述了印度用活树根建造的桥梁被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录的相关事迹。36．a　[考查冠词。句意：该地区雨量充沛，是地球上最潮湿的地区之一，这产生了许多湖泊、河流和瀑布，使道路建设困难。a lot of意为“许多”，修饰rainfall。故填a。]37．wettest　[考查形容词的最高级。句意同上。空处修饰areas，为形容词，one of和the后搭配形容词的最高级wettest。故填wettest。]38．making　[考查非谓语动词。句意同第36小题。根据句意可知，空处为结果状语，且前后逻辑为主动关系，用动词-ing形式making。故填making。]39．their　[考查代词。句意：然而，数百年来，当地的卡西人一直在努力在河流和小溪上种植根桥，以方便他们在该地区活动。try one's best to do意为“尽某人所能做某事”，主语为Khasi people，形容词性物主代词用their(他们的)。故填their。]40．are built　[考查动词的时态和语态。句意：这些桥是通过将活树的根延伸到河上，并将它们缠绕在竹结构上，以引导它们走向正确的方向。主语bridges与build构成逻辑上的被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态。主语为复数。故填are built。]41．direction　[考查名词。句意同上。分析句子可知，设空处在介词in后，应用名词作宾语。direct对应的名词为direction。故填direction。]42．to grow　[考查非谓语动词。句意：这些树根需要20年才能长成一座完整的桥。take up(to)＋时间＋to do sth．为固定结构，空处用不定式。故填to grow。]43．into/to　[考查介词。句意：印度政府建议将梅加拉亚邦的根桥列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录。add．．．to/into意思为“将……加入……”，空处缺少介词into/to。故填into/to。]44．that/which　[考查定语从句。句意：这意味着它们将得到特别的认可，就像埃及的金字塔和澳大利亚的大堡礁一样，这将吸引更多的游客和资金到该地区。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少关系词，引导定语从句，先行词为设空处前面的内容，作从句的主语，且表示物，用关系代词that/which引导定语从句。故填that/which。]45．generations　[考查名词复数。句意：梅加拉亚邦 Morningstar Khongthaw表示：“我们希望传播这一知识，让后代受益。”generation(一代人)为名词单数，此处表示“未来的几代人”，用复数形式。故填generations。]第三部分　写作第一节假定你是学生会成员李华，负责校国际部事宜，你校学生会决定下周五举办“唐装设计竞赛”，请你给国际部的学生写一则告示，说明比赛信息，内容包括：1．举办竞赛的意图；2．对唐装设计的要求；3．设计上交的地点和时间。注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；2．请按如下格式作答；参考词汇：唐装设计大赛Tang Suit Design ContestNOTICE____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________The Students' Union[参考范文]NOTICETo promote our traditional Chinese culture，Tang Suit Design Contest will be held in the school hall next Friday．Every participant is allowed to hand in only one entry，which must be designed on your own．Besides，each piece is to be displayed with a brief introduction of your design philosophy．All entries will be submitted to the Students' Union before next Tuesday．Every student studying in the International Department is welcome to take part in the competition．The Students' Union第二节阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。With my parents away on a business trip，I planned to spend a quiet weekend at home．But when my friend Chickie and Dom，invited me to join them for an afternoon at the beach，I was attracted．“I had an asthma(哮喘) attack yesterday，and it really tired me out，” I warned them．“So I'll probably just lie out on the sand．”A few hours later，relaxing under a sun umbrella after a picnic lunch，I was glad I'd come．Chickie and Dom went for a swim．They liked to go far out into the sea．I was bathed in the sun until I got too hot，then took a walk down to the shore．For a few minutes I just let the waves lap around my legs．The ocean was smooth as glass．I could float on my back as if I were in a swimming pool，I thought，and did．I closed my eyes and enjoyed the gentle rocking．After some time，I opened my eyes and looked around．How did I get so far from shore? I hadn't realised how quickly the sea was carrying me．I started swimming as quick and hard as I could．Even so I wasn't getting any closer，and it was becoming harder to breathe．I turned around，looking for help，but I seemed to be completely alone in the water．Far off on the sand I could see people packing up their belongings．It must be nearly five o'clock，I thought．That's when the lifeguard went off duty．A wave slapped(拍打) my face and I swallowed salt water．My chest was already burning as I struggled to breathe．In desperation I raised one hand and waved it to get the lifeguard's attention．“I'll never last till he reaches me，” I thought．“They're all too far away．I can't get myself heard here and nobody even sees me！”注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式作答。Fortunately，two young men happened to swim by．________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Chickie and Dom were waiting anxiously on the beach．__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________[参考范文]Fortunately， two young men happened to swim by.“Help，” I managed to whisper．One of them grabbed my arm．The other grabbed his arm．Together they pulled me towards the shore．The lifeguard rushed into the water with his board．He tried to convince me that the water was shallow so that I could just stand．However，I shook my head．I was too exhausted to stand，much less walk．They laid me over the board．“You were caught in a tide，” the lifeguard said as the three of the man carried me onto the sand．Chickie and Dom were waiting anxiously on the beach.They were scared when they saw me being carried out of the water．I showed my sincere gratitude to the two young men who saved me．And the lifeguard warned us to be careful while swimming and never swim alone．Chickie and Dom took care of me and made sure I was okay．It was a quiet reminder that one should always be careful and never underestimate the power of nature，even on a supposedly gentle day at the beach．