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Unit 3 同步基础能力提升测试(2)-2021-2022学年高中英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册(含答案)
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这是一份Unit 3 同步基础能力提升测试(2)-2021-2022学年高中英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册(含答案)，共10页。
Section B LESSON 2 & LESSON 3
A级 必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.I bought the flowers from a store and w them neatly.
2.The s of a nut or an egg is the hard covering which surrounds it.
3.If you (咽下) something,you cause it to go from your mouth down into your stomach.
4.Something that is (新颖的) is new and original.
5.There are as many as 20 jobs available in this company,and you are free to choose whichever you think s you best.
6. (常规的) colour TV broadcasts were delayed in the UK until 1967.
7.The last (十年) of the eighteenth century was a time of great social change.
8.At the sight of this cruelty,they could hardly contain their (愤怒).
9.Parents are naturally a for their children.
10.R are causing traffic jams in the city centre.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.There is no doubt that the (consume) are still very sensitive to the price.
2.His weakness is that he is very (waste).
3.People try to avoid public (transport)delays by using their own cars.
4.The windows are very (dirt).They have not been cleaned for weeks.
5.If you (fill) something,you fill it again after it has been emptied.
6.Wang Wei’s behaviour is of great importance in awakening people’s (aware) of helping others.
7.My friend Lily showed me a large (collect) of CDs that evening.
8. (anxious),she took the dress out of the package and tried it on.
9.The earthquake (destroy) even the tallest buildings.
10.I was getting more and more (annoy)and of course,the more upset I got,the less I was able to concentrate.
Ⅲ.用适当的介词或副词填空
1.Do we want to get somewhere or do we want to get stuck the rut (车辙)?
2.Why get stressed ?It will just make things worse.
3.These two events were related each other.
4.The boy became addicted computer games and didn’t want to study.
5.Instead shouting empty slogans (口号),it is more meaningful to donate books and sports goods to children in need.
6.It is impolite to speak with your mouth full food.
7.I have arranged for Tom to pick the experts at the airport.
8.No matter when the enemies come,they will be wiped clean.
9.The reason the failure of the experiment was that they lacked necessary experience.
10.It is high time that we did something to protect those endangered animals before they die .
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.同其他十五万人在雨中跳舞怎么样?
in a rainy field with one hundred and fifty thousand other people?
2.一般来说,照相机价格越贵,质量就越好。
,the more expensive the camera,the better its quality.
3.他们安然无恙地回家了。
They returned home, .
4.在过去五十年里科学进步得很快。
Science great advances in the last fifty years.
B级 能力素养提升练
Ⅴ.阅读理解
A
Many of Earth’s creatures die because of humans’ choices.These choices have nothing to do with food or shelter or anything else that helps humans survive.What kills millions of animals all over the world is that humans want to make money by doing so.
People use parts of animals for everything from hats to handbags,from jewelry to ashtrays and to make powders that supposedly improve a person’s life.Deciding that a species is endangered and protecting it by law are not always enough.People who kill wildlife illegally rarely get caught.
During the late 1980s,saving elephants became a popular cause.Wildlife protection groups made sure everyone saw pictures or films of elephants with their faces cut off for their ivory.These groups also proved that certain populations of elephants were decreasing.As a result,most people stopped buying objects made of ivory.Laws against poaching(偷猎) were made stronger.Many countries made importing ivory illegal.Killing elephants for their ivory became more risky and less profitable(有利可图的).
However,concern for certain species will become weak after a while.In the late 1970s,people protested (抗议) against the killing of seal babies.Everyone was shocked to see young seals being killed in their icy habitat.The cruel activity stopped.But ten years later,the number of seal babies killed was higher than ever.
Other animal protection movements have come and gone,such as saving the whales and protecting dolphins.The whale population appears to have increased for now.And the laws are finally changed in America to protect the dolphins that swim with tuna fish in parts of the Pacific Ocean.
In the years to come,people’s attention will probably turn to some other endangered species.Plenty of them urgently need attention.During this time,will the elephants be forgotten?
1.What leads to the disappearance of millions of wild animals?
A.The growing human population.
B.Humans’ hope for making a fortune.
C.Humans’ too much need for wild food.
D.Not having enough laws on wildlife protection.
2.What can we infer from the text about what happened in the late 1980s?
A.Wildlife protection groups did make great efforts.
B.Importing ivory in all countries is illegal.
C.Those who killed elephants all got caught.
D.Hunting was completely not allowed.
3.Why are seal babies mentioned in paragraph 4?
A.To show the effort to protect seal babies.
B.To show an increasing number of seal babies.
C.To show the decrease of worry about certain species.
D.To show people’s protest against the killing of seal babies.
4.What does the author mean by using the underlined sentence?
A.Humans should choose some rare animals to protect.
B.Attention must be paid to saving some endangered wildlife.
C.Success has been achieved in quite a few cases of wildlife protection.
D.Concern and movements for animal protection should be always kept.
B
Nature has created many ways to protect creatures’ eyes.The most common protection is the eyelid—a fold of skin that closes over the eye,protecting it from damage.Eyelashes are useful for keeping out dust and other things,and tears wash away any small pieces that get through the other defenses.
Some creatures,including most birds,have three eyelids.The upper and lower lids act like human lids and keep out little tree branches,dirt,and sand.The third eyelid,however,is a semitransparent tissue(半透明组织) that crosses over the eye from the inside corner to the outside corner.Because of this protective membrane(隔膜),birds seldom have to blink.They close their eyes only when they go to sleep.For ducks,this third eyelid serves as an underwater diving mask that helps the ducks find food.
Most fish and snakes have no eyelids at all.Instead,a hard glassy covering protects their eyes.For fish,water constantly sweeps away dirt from the covering.And a snake’s eyesight is usually so bad that a little dirt obscuring its vision does not disturb it greatly.
Eyelashes defend(保护) the eye by shading it from strong light.They also act like mini brushes to remove dust.Camels have eyelashes that are four inches long to protect their eyes from wind-blown sand in the desert.
5.Why don’t birds blink often?
A.They don’t need to sleep a lot.
B.Their upper and lower lids can keep away little branches,dirt and sand.
C.Eyelashes act like mini brushes to remove dust.
D.They have a kind of tissue to cover the eyes.
6.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to this passage?
A.Ducks don’t close their eyes even when they go to sleep.
B.A little dirt doesn’t disturb a snake’s eyesight badly because its eyesight is very good.
C.Eyelashes help to keep away small pieces that get through the other two defenses.
D.Some creatures have a hard covering to protect their eyes instead of eyelids.
7.What can be concluded from the passage?
A.Eyelids are more important in protecting creatures’ eyes than other devices.
B.Creatures develop different modes of eye protection in different environments.
C.Birds often close their eyes in the daytime.
D.A fish’s eyelid is a hard glassy covering.
Ⅵ.七选五
Be a Green Guest
When people take a vacation,they often take a vacation from responsibility,too.Our behavior at hotels is one of the biggest problems.We have our linen(亚麻织品) washed daily for us,and are provided with an endless stream of hot water.But all of this luxury equals serious consequences for the environment. 1 .They offer programs and facilities that save water and energy.That’s a good start,but there is a lot more you can do to cut down the amount of waste produced.
• 2 .
In America alone,there are about 50,000 hotels.Now think if hotel management puts two small bottles for each hotel room every day,that’s a huge amount of little plastic bottles that may not even get recycled.And what about all of that shampoo when you don’t finish the bottle?A better way is to bring your own shampoo from home.
•Turn off the lights.
You do it when you’re at home,right?Do it at the hotel,too.Studies have shown that,in hotels,the majority of energy spent through lighting comes from the bathroom light being left on for more than one hour! 3 ,remember to hit the switch!
•Don’t have your sheets or towels washed every day.
Sure,it’s luxury to have linen and towels cleaned every day,but that’s all it is.Washing a set of bed sheets and a pair of bathroom towels requires about 12-16 gallons of water.See if there is a policy for requesting that your towels and linen get washed weekly.In some hotels,it’s as simple as hanging towels back up on a hook. 4 .
These tips are also useful for trips to a friend’s or relative’s house. 5 .They will also save your hosts a lot of money.
A.Think about bathroom facilities
B.Just say “no” to hotel shampoo
C.When you’re using the bathroom
D.After you’re done with your business
E.They will save plastic,water,and electricity
F.More and more hotels are becoming eco-friendly
G.In others,you may ask the front desk for a personal request
Ⅶ.完形填空
In October 2015,Shah began picking up rubbish from the beach every Sunday morning.At first,it was just him and a neighbour,and then he began 1 others to join in.Word spread and with help from social media,more volunteers got involved.
Shah hasn’t stopped since.He’s now spent 209 weekends 2 this mission inspiring more than 200,000 3 to join him in what’s been called the world’s biggest beach clean-up.By October 2018,Versova Beach was 4 clean and Shah’s clean-ups expanded to another 5 .
For Shah,the work has always been a personal journey,but it has earned 6 attention.After he was honoured as a “Champion of the Earth” by the United Nations in 2016,Bollywood celebrities and politicians 7 his mission and joined in his clean-ups.
Today,Shah is also working with coastal communities to 8 plastic pollution at one of the sources.In areas lacking waste management systems, 9 often end(s) up in streams and rivers that empty into the 10 .Shah and his volunteers 11 and assist villagers in reducing,managing and recycling their plastic waste.
“This world 12 too much.I think you must talk less and do action more,” he said.“Every citizen on this planet must be in for a long pull.I feel the 13 to do something for my planet,so this will 14 for life.If each one could start,this journey could become 15 .Can we do it together?”
1.A.asking B.ordering
C.warning D.forcing
2.A.comparing to B.adapting to
C.relating to D.devoting to
3.A.workers B.volunteers
C.journalists D.clerks
4.A.originally B.finally
C.suddenly D.theoretically
5.A.park B.bank
C.beach D.market
6.A.global B.local
C.national D.coastal
7.A.simplified B.changed
C.accepted D.finished
8.A.make B.discuss
C.throw D.handle
9.A.trees B.materials
C.rubbish D.tools
10.A.ocean B.factory
C.mountain D.forest
11.A.protect B.control
C.scold D.educate
12.A.talks B.complains
C.thinks D.argues
13.A.pity B.need
C.pain D.effect
14.A.come on B.get on
C.look on D.go on
15.A.great B.complex
C.complete D.difficult
Ⅷ.语篇填空
Daisy is a girl who cares about our environment.She always longs to help 1.(endanger) species of wildlife.One day,she 2. (wake) up and found a flying carpet which took her to many 3. (place) to experience something amazing.In Tibet,Daisy saw an antelope looking sad and it told her the species was being killed.Then the carpet showed her a place 4. there was some wildlife protection.There she came across 5. elephant,from whom she knew they used to be hunted 6. mercy.But now good things are being done to save local wildlife.Knowing that,Daisy burst into 7. (laugh) in relief.At the end of the journey,she met a monkey 8. (rub) himself to protect himself from mosquitoes.The monkey asked her to pay 9. (much) attention to the rainforest.Finally,Daisy 10. (full) understood the meaning of “no rainforest,no animals,no drugs”.
Section B LESSON 2 & LESSON 3
Ⅰ.1.wrapped 2.shell 3.swallow 4.innovative 5.suits
6.Regular 7.decade 8.anger 9.anxious 10.Roadworks
Ⅱ.1.consumers 2.wasteful 3.transportation 4.dirty
5.refill 6.awareness 7.collection 8.Anxiously 9.destroyed
10.annoyed
Ⅲ.1.in 2.out 3.to 4.to 5.of 6.of 7.up 8.out
9.for 10.out
Ⅳ.1.What/How about dancing 2.Generally speaking 3.safe and sound 4.has made
Ⅴ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。作者呼吁对动物保护的关注和行动应该持续下去。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“What kills millions of animals all over the world is that humans want to make money by doing so.”可知,人类的贪欲导致数百万野生动物的消失。故选B项。
2.A 推理判断题。根据第三段可知,在20世纪80年代末,野生动物保护组织确实为保护大象做出了巨大努力。故选A项。
3.C 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“However,concern for certain species will become weak after a while.”可知,第四段提到了海豹宝宝,目的是表明对某些物种担忧的减少。故选C项。
4.D 句意理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Other animal protection movements have come and gone...”和最后一段第一句“In the years to come,people’s attention will probably turn to some other endangered species.”可以推断,作者说这句话的意思是,对动物保护的关注和行动应该持续下去。故选D项。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。大自然创造了许多方法来保护动物的眼睛。
5.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The third eyelid,however,is a semitransparent tissue that crosses over the eye from the inside corner to the outside corner.Because of this protective membrane,birds seldom have to blink.”可知,鸟类不常眨眼是因为它们有一种覆盖眼睛的组织。故选D项。
6.D 细节理解题。由第三段第一、二句可知,大多数鱼和蛇没有眼睑,取而代之的是一层坚硬的玻璃状的覆盖物,用以保护它们的眼睛,这与D项相符合。
7.B 推理判断题。由文中的“Some creatures,including most birds,have three eyelids.”,“Most fish and snakes have no eyelids at all.Instead,a hard glassy covering protects their eyes.”以及“Camels have eyelashes that are four inches long to protect their eyes from wind-blown sand in the desert.”可知,有些生物,包括大多数鸟类,有三个眼睑。大多数鱼和蛇根本没有眼睑,取而代之的是一层坚硬的玻璃状的覆盖物,用以保护它们的眼睛。骆驼的睫毛有四英寸长,可以保护眼睛免受沙漠中风沙的侵袭。由此推断出生物在不同的环境中进化出不同的护眼模式。
Ⅵ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人们在外出住酒店时可以通过很多方式减少污染、节约能源、保护环境。
1.F 根据空后一句“They offer programs and facilities that save water and energy.”可知,they指代的应该是hotels,再结合空前一句中的“all of this luxury equals serious consequences for the environment”可知,空处应该会讲到酒店已经意识到环境问题并开始行动,故F项符合语境。
2.B 根据本段内容尤其是最后一句“A better way is to bring your own shampoo from home.”可知,本段主要讲到了不要用酒店的洗发水,这样可以减少塑料污染,故B项适合作本段的主旨句。
3.D 分析句子结构可知,空后是一个祈使句,且没有连词连接,空处应该是一个从句。分析选项,快速锁定C项和D项,结合空后语境“记得去按开关”和常识可知,应是在你完成自己的事之后记得去关灯,故D项符合语境。
4.G 空前一句讲到了“In some hotels...”,G项中的“In others”与之对应,且讲到了自己无法处理时的解决方案,故G项符合语境。
5.E 根据空后一句“They will also save...”可知,空处应该讲到“They will save...”,故E项符合语境。
Ⅶ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了“地球卫士”Shah和他的海滩清理行动,他的事迹激励了无数人参与到这项环保运动中来。
1.A 句意:后来他开始邀请其他人加入。空前一句说起初,只有Shah和他的一个邻居在海滩上捡垃圾,空后一句又说更多的志愿者参与进来,因此后来Shah开始邀请其他人加入捡垃圾的活动中。故选A项。
2.D 句意:他已经花了209个周末致力于这项工作,激励了超过20万名志愿者加入他的队伍中,这被称为世界上最大的海滩清理行动。compare to比作;adapt to适应于;relate to涉及;devote to致力于,献身于。空前一句说“Shah从此就没有停止过”,因此他已经花了209个周末致力于这项工作。故选D项。
3.B 句意同上。worker工人;volunteer志愿者;journalist记者;clerk办事员。根据上文中的“volunteers”可知,参与海滩清理行动的人都是志愿者。故选B项。
4.B 句意:到2018年10月,维索瓦海滩终于被清理干净,Shah的清理范围扩大到另一个海滩。根据上文中的“In October 2015”及空前的“By October 2018”可知,此处说的是三年的清理工作取得的成果——维索瓦海滩终于被清理干净了。故选B项。
5.C 句意同上。根据上文中的“the world’s biggest beach clean-up”可知,这项活动被称为世界上最大的海滩清理行动,因此清理完维索瓦海滩的垃圾后Shah和他的小伙伴们又转向其他的海滩。故选C项。
6.A 根据上文中的“the world’s biggest beach clean-up”可知,Shah的清理行动被称为世界上最大的海滩清理行动,空后一句又说2016年他被联合国授予“地球卫士”称号,这说明Shah的海滩清理行动赢得了全球的关注。故选A项。
7.C 根据空后的“and joined in his clean-ups”可知,宝莱坞名流和政界人士也加入海滩清理行动中,这说明他们接受(认可)Shah的工作。故选C项。
8.D 句意:现在,Shah还与沿海社区合作,从源头上解决塑料污染问题。根据空后的“plastic pollution at one of the sources”可知,Shah与沿海社区合作从源头上解决塑料污染问题。故选D项。
9.C 句意:在缺乏废物管理系统的地区,垃圾经常被排放到小溪和河流中,而这些小溪和河流往往流入海洋。根据空前的“In areas lacking waste management systems”可知,这些地区缺乏废物管理系统,因此产生的垃圾会被排放到流入海洋的小溪和河流中。故选C项。
10.A 句意同上。根据空前的“ often end(s) up in streams and rivers that empty into”可知,垃圾经常被排放到小溪和河流中,而这些小溪和河流往往流入海洋。故选A项。
11.D 句意:Shah和他的志愿者教育和帮助村民减少、管理和回收他们的塑料垃圾。根据空后的“and assist villagers in reducing,managing and recycling their plastic waste”可知,Shah和他的志愿者教育和帮助村民减少、管理和回收他们的塑料垃圾。故选D项。
12.A 句意:这个世界(的人们)往往说得太多了,我认为你们应该少说空话,多做实事。根据空后的“talk less”可知,此处指“说得太多”。故选A项。
13.B 根据空后的“do something for my planet”可知,Shah觉得他有必要为地球做点什么。故选B项。
14.D come on快点;get on上车;look on旁观,看待;go on继续。根据空后的“for life”可知,Shah会终身致力于这项工作。故选D项。
15.A 句意:如果每个人都行动起来,这个旅程将会变得更美妙。根据空前的“If each one could start”可知,如果每个人都能参与进来,这个旅程将会变得更美好。故选A项。
Ⅷ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个爱护环境的小女孩关心保护野生动物的故事。
1.endangered 考查形容词。此处修饰名词species,应用形容词,故填endangered。
2.woke 考查动词时态。分析句子可知此处填谓语,根据found可知此处用过去式woke。
3.places 考查名词复数。many修饰可数名词复数,所以填places。
4.where 考查定语从句。分析句子可知there was some wildlife protection作定语,修饰place,从句缺地点状语,所以应该用关系副词where。
5.an 考查冠词。此处表示一头大象,又因elephant以元音音素开头,所以用an。
6.without 考查介词。句意:她得知大象过去被无情地猎杀。表示“无情”可以用without mercy。
7.laughter 考查名词。Daisy突然笑起来。burst into后加名词,所以填laughter。
8.rubbing 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知本句有谓语met,所以rub要用非谓语动词的形式,monkey与rub是逻辑上的主谓关系,所以填rubbing。
9.more 考查形容词比较级。分析句子可知是和过去相比,要用比较级,所以填more。
10.fully 考查副词。此处修饰动词understood,应用副词fully。
Section B LESSON 2 & LESSON 3
A级 必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.I bought the flowers from a store and w them neatly.
2.The s of a nut or an egg is the hard covering which surrounds it.
3.If you (咽下) something,you cause it to go from your mouth down into your stomach.
4.Something that is (新颖的) is new and original.
5.There are as many as 20 jobs available in this company,and you are free to choose whichever you think s you best.
6. (常规的) colour TV broadcasts were delayed in the UK until 1967.
7.The last (十年) of the eighteenth century was a time of great social change.
8.At the sight of this cruelty,they could hardly contain their (愤怒).
9.Parents are naturally a for their children.
10.R are causing traffic jams in the city centre.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.There is no doubt that the (consume) are still very sensitive to the price.
2.His weakness is that he is very (waste).
3.People try to avoid public (transport)delays by using their own cars.
4.The windows are very (dirt).They have not been cleaned for weeks.
5.If you (fill) something,you fill it again after it has been emptied.
6.Wang Wei’s behaviour is of great importance in awakening people’s (aware) of helping others.
7.My friend Lily showed me a large (collect) of CDs that evening.
8. (anxious),she took the dress out of the package and tried it on.
9.The earthquake (destroy) even the tallest buildings.
10.I was getting more and more (annoy)and of course,the more upset I got,the less I was able to concentrate.
Ⅲ.用适当的介词或副词填空
1.Do we want to get somewhere or do we want to get stuck the rut (车辙)?
2.Why get stressed ?It will just make things worse.
3.These two events were related each other.
4.The boy became addicted computer games and didn’t want to study.
5.Instead shouting empty slogans (口号),it is more meaningful to donate books and sports goods to children in need.
6.It is impolite to speak with your mouth full food.
7.I have arranged for Tom to pick the experts at the airport.
8.No matter when the enemies come,they will be wiped clean.
9.The reason the failure of the experiment was that they lacked necessary experience.
10.It is high time that we did something to protect those endangered animals before they die .
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.同其他十五万人在雨中跳舞怎么样?
in a rainy field with one hundred and fifty thousand other people?
2.一般来说,照相机价格越贵,质量就越好。
,the more expensive the camera,the better its quality.
3.他们安然无恙地回家了。
They returned home, .
4.在过去五十年里科学进步得很快。
Science great advances in the last fifty years.
B级 能力素养提升练
Ⅴ.阅读理解
A
Many of Earth’s creatures die because of humans’ choices.These choices have nothing to do with food or shelter or anything else that helps humans survive.What kills millions of animals all over the world is that humans want to make money by doing so.
People use parts of animals for everything from hats to handbags,from jewelry to ashtrays and to make powders that supposedly improve a person’s life.Deciding that a species is endangered and protecting it by law are not always enough.People who kill wildlife illegally rarely get caught.
During the late 1980s,saving elephants became a popular cause.Wildlife protection groups made sure everyone saw pictures or films of elephants with their faces cut off for their ivory.These groups also proved that certain populations of elephants were decreasing.As a result,most people stopped buying objects made of ivory.Laws against poaching(偷猎) were made stronger.Many countries made importing ivory illegal.Killing elephants for their ivory became more risky and less profitable(有利可图的).
However,concern for certain species will become weak after a while.In the late 1970s,people protested (抗议) against the killing of seal babies.Everyone was shocked to see young seals being killed in their icy habitat.The cruel activity stopped.But ten years later,the number of seal babies killed was higher than ever.
Other animal protection movements have come and gone,such as saving the whales and protecting dolphins.The whale population appears to have increased for now.And the laws are finally changed in America to protect the dolphins that swim with tuna fish in parts of the Pacific Ocean.
In the years to come,people’s attention will probably turn to some other endangered species.Plenty of them urgently need attention.During this time,will the elephants be forgotten?
1.What leads to the disappearance of millions of wild animals?
A.The growing human population.
B.Humans’ hope for making a fortune.
C.Humans’ too much need for wild food.
D.Not having enough laws on wildlife protection.
2.What can we infer from the text about what happened in the late 1980s?
A.Wildlife protection groups did make great efforts.
B.Importing ivory in all countries is illegal.
C.Those who killed elephants all got caught.
D.Hunting was completely not allowed.
3.Why are seal babies mentioned in paragraph 4?
A.To show the effort to protect seal babies.
B.To show an increasing number of seal babies.
C.To show the decrease of worry about certain species.
D.To show people’s protest against the killing of seal babies.
4.What does the author mean by using the underlined sentence?
A.Humans should choose some rare animals to protect.
B.Attention must be paid to saving some endangered wildlife.
C.Success has been achieved in quite a few cases of wildlife protection.
D.Concern and movements for animal protection should be always kept.
B
Nature has created many ways to protect creatures’ eyes.The most common protection is the eyelid—a fold of skin that closes over the eye,protecting it from damage.Eyelashes are useful for keeping out dust and other things,and tears wash away any small pieces that get through the other defenses.
Some creatures,including most birds,have three eyelids.The upper and lower lids act like human lids and keep out little tree branches,dirt,and sand.The third eyelid,however,is a semitransparent tissue(半透明组织) that crosses over the eye from the inside corner to the outside corner.Because of this protective membrane(隔膜),birds seldom have to blink.They close their eyes only when they go to sleep.For ducks,this third eyelid serves as an underwater diving mask that helps the ducks find food.
Most fish and snakes have no eyelids at all.Instead,a hard glassy covering protects their eyes.For fish,water constantly sweeps away dirt from the covering.And a snake’s eyesight is usually so bad that a little dirt obscuring its vision does not disturb it greatly.
Eyelashes defend(保护) the eye by shading it from strong light.They also act like mini brushes to remove dust.Camels have eyelashes that are four inches long to protect their eyes from wind-blown sand in the desert.
5.Why don’t birds blink often?
A.They don’t need to sleep a lot.
B.Their upper and lower lids can keep away little branches,dirt and sand.
C.Eyelashes act like mini brushes to remove dust.
D.They have a kind of tissue to cover the eyes.
6.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to this passage?
A.Ducks don’t close their eyes even when they go to sleep.
B.A little dirt doesn’t disturb a snake’s eyesight badly because its eyesight is very good.
C.Eyelashes help to keep away small pieces that get through the other two defenses.
D.Some creatures have a hard covering to protect their eyes instead of eyelids.
7.What can be concluded from the passage?
A.Eyelids are more important in protecting creatures’ eyes than other devices.
B.Creatures develop different modes of eye protection in different environments.
C.Birds often close their eyes in the daytime.
D.A fish’s eyelid is a hard glassy covering.
Ⅵ.七选五
Be a Green Guest
When people take a vacation,they often take a vacation from responsibility,too.Our behavior at hotels is one of the biggest problems.We have our linen(亚麻织品) washed daily for us,and are provided with an endless stream of hot water.But all of this luxury equals serious consequences for the environment. 1 .They offer programs and facilities that save water and energy.That’s a good start,but there is a lot more you can do to cut down the amount of waste produced.
• 2 .
In America alone,there are about 50,000 hotels.Now think if hotel management puts two small bottles for each hotel room every day,that’s a huge amount of little plastic bottles that may not even get recycled.And what about all of that shampoo when you don’t finish the bottle?A better way is to bring your own shampoo from home.
•Turn off the lights.
You do it when you’re at home,right?Do it at the hotel,too.Studies have shown that,in hotels,the majority of energy spent through lighting comes from the bathroom light being left on for more than one hour! 3 ,remember to hit the switch!
•Don’t have your sheets or towels washed every day.
Sure,it’s luxury to have linen and towels cleaned every day,but that’s all it is.Washing a set of bed sheets and a pair of bathroom towels requires about 12-16 gallons of water.See if there is a policy for requesting that your towels and linen get washed weekly.In some hotels,it’s as simple as hanging towels back up on a hook. 4 .
These tips are also useful for trips to a friend’s or relative’s house. 5 .They will also save your hosts a lot of money.
A.Think about bathroom facilities
B.Just say “no” to hotel shampoo
C.When you’re using the bathroom
D.After you’re done with your business
E.They will save plastic,water,and electricity
F.More and more hotels are becoming eco-friendly
G.In others,you may ask the front desk for a personal request
Ⅶ.完形填空
In October 2015,Shah began picking up rubbish from the beach every Sunday morning.At first,it was just him and a neighbour,and then he began 1 others to join in.Word spread and with help from social media,more volunteers got involved.
Shah hasn’t stopped since.He’s now spent 209 weekends 2 this mission inspiring more than 200,000 3 to join him in what’s been called the world’s biggest beach clean-up.By October 2018,Versova Beach was 4 clean and Shah’s clean-ups expanded to another 5 .
For Shah,the work has always been a personal journey,but it has earned 6 attention.After he was honoured as a “Champion of the Earth” by the United Nations in 2016,Bollywood celebrities and politicians 7 his mission and joined in his clean-ups.
Today,Shah is also working with coastal communities to 8 plastic pollution at one of the sources.In areas lacking waste management systems, 9 often end(s) up in streams and rivers that empty into the 10 .Shah and his volunteers 11 and assist villagers in reducing,managing and recycling their plastic waste.
“This world 12 too much.I think you must talk less and do action more,” he said.“Every citizen on this planet must be in for a long pull.I feel the 13 to do something for my planet,so this will 14 for life.If each one could start,this journey could become 15 .Can we do it together?”
1.A.asking B.ordering
C.warning D.forcing
2.A.comparing to B.adapting to
C.relating to D.devoting to
3.A.workers B.volunteers
C.journalists D.clerks
4.A.originally B.finally
C.suddenly D.theoretically
5.A.park B.bank
C.beach D.market
6.A.global B.local
C.national D.coastal
7.A.simplified B.changed
C.accepted D.finished
8.A.make B.discuss
C.throw D.handle
9.A.trees B.materials
C.rubbish D.tools
10.A.ocean B.factory
C.mountain D.forest
11.A.protect B.control
C.scold D.educate
12.A.talks B.complains
C.thinks D.argues
13.A.pity B.need
C.pain D.effect
14.A.come on B.get on
C.look on D.go on
15.A.great B.complex
C.complete D.difficult
Ⅷ.语篇填空
Daisy is a girl who cares about our environment.She always longs to help 1.(endanger) species of wildlife.One day,she 2. (wake) up and found a flying carpet which took her to many 3. (place) to experience something amazing.In Tibet,Daisy saw an antelope looking sad and it told her the species was being killed.Then the carpet showed her a place 4. there was some wildlife protection.There she came across 5. elephant,from whom she knew they used to be hunted 6. mercy.But now good things are being done to save local wildlife.Knowing that,Daisy burst into 7. (laugh) in relief.At the end of the journey,she met a monkey 8. (rub) himself to protect himself from mosquitoes.The monkey asked her to pay 9. (much) attention to the rainforest.Finally,Daisy 10. (full) understood the meaning of “no rainforest,no animals,no drugs”.
Section B LESSON 2 & LESSON 3
Ⅰ.1.wrapped 2.shell 3.swallow 4.innovative 5.suits
6.Regular 7.decade 8.anger 9.anxious 10.Roadworks
Ⅱ.1.consumers 2.wasteful 3.transportation 4.dirty
5.refill 6.awareness 7.collection 8.Anxiously 9.destroyed
10.annoyed
Ⅲ.1.in 2.out 3.to 4.to 5.of 6.of 7.up 8.out
9.for 10.out
Ⅳ.1.What/How about dancing 2.Generally speaking 3.safe and sound 4.has made
Ⅴ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。作者呼吁对动物保护的关注和行动应该持续下去。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“What kills millions of animals all over the world is that humans want to make money by doing so.”可知,人类的贪欲导致数百万野生动物的消失。故选B项。
2.A 推理判断题。根据第三段可知,在20世纪80年代末,野生动物保护组织确实为保护大象做出了巨大努力。故选A项。
3.C 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“However,concern for certain species will become weak after a while.”可知,第四段提到了海豹宝宝,目的是表明对某些物种担忧的减少。故选C项。
4.D 句意理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Other animal protection movements have come and gone...”和最后一段第一句“In the years to come,people’s attention will probably turn to some other endangered species.”可以推断,作者说这句话的意思是,对动物保护的关注和行动应该持续下去。故选D项。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。大自然创造了许多方法来保护动物的眼睛。
5.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The third eyelid,however,is a semitransparent tissue that crosses over the eye from the inside corner to the outside corner.Because of this protective membrane,birds seldom have to blink.”可知,鸟类不常眨眼是因为它们有一种覆盖眼睛的组织。故选D项。
6.D 细节理解题。由第三段第一、二句可知,大多数鱼和蛇没有眼睑,取而代之的是一层坚硬的玻璃状的覆盖物,用以保护它们的眼睛,这与D项相符合。
7.B 推理判断题。由文中的“Some creatures,including most birds,have three eyelids.”,“Most fish and snakes have no eyelids at all.Instead,a hard glassy covering protects their eyes.”以及“Camels have eyelashes that are four inches long to protect their eyes from wind-blown sand in the desert.”可知,有些生物,包括大多数鸟类,有三个眼睑。大多数鱼和蛇根本没有眼睑,取而代之的是一层坚硬的玻璃状的覆盖物,用以保护它们的眼睛。骆驼的睫毛有四英寸长,可以保护眼睛免受沙漠中风沙的侵袭。由此推断出生物在不同的环境中进化出不同的护眼模式。
Ⅵ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人们在外出住酒店时可以通过很多方式减少污染、节约能源、保护环境。
1.F 根据空后一句“They offer programs and facilities that save water and energy.”可知,they指代的应该是hotels,再结合空前一句中的“all of this luxury equals serious consequences for the environment”可知,空处应该会讲到酒店已经意识到环境问题并开始行动,故F项符合语境。
2.B 根据本段内容尤其是最后一句“A better way is to bring your own shampoo from home.”可知,本段主要讲到了不要用酒店的洗发水,这样可以减少塑料污染,故B项适合作本段的主旨句。
3.D 分析句子结构可知,空后是一个祈使句,且没有连词连接,空处应该是一个从句。分析选项,快速锁定C项和D项,结合空后语境“记得去按开关”和常识可知,应是在你完成自己的事之后记得去关灯,故D项符合语境。
4.G 空前一句讲到了“In some hotels...”,G项中的“In others”与之对应,且讲到了自己无法处理时的解决方案,故G项符合语境。
5.E 根据空后一句“They will also save...”可知,空处应该讲到“They will save...”,故E项符合语境。
Ⅶ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了“地球卫士”Shah和他的海滩清理行动,他的事迹激励了无数人参与到这项环保运动中来。
1.A 句意:后来他开始邀请其他人加入。空前一句说起初,只有Shah和他的一个邻居在海滩上捡垃圾,空后一句又说更多的志愿者参与进来,因此后来Shah开始邀请其他人加入捡垃圾的活动中。故选A项。
2.D 句意:他已经花了209个周末致力于这项工作,激励了超过20万名志愿者加入他的队伍中,这被称为世界上最大的海滩清理行动。compare to比作;adapt to适应于;relate to涉及;devote to致力于,献身于。空前一句说“Shah从此就没有停止过”,因此他已经花了209个周末致力于这项工作。故选D项。
3.B 句意同上。worker工人;volunteer志愿者;journalist记者;clerk办事员。根据上文中的“volunteers”可知,参与海滩清理行动的人都是志愿者。故选B项。
4.B 句意:到2018年10月,维索瓦海滩终于被清理干净,Shah的清理范围扩大到另一个海滩。根据上文中的“In October 2015”及空前的“By October 2018”可知,此处说的是三年的清理工作取得的成果——维索瓦海滩终于被清理干净了。故选B项。
5.C 句意同上。根据上文中的“the world’s biggest beach clean-up”可知,这项活动被称为世界上最大的海滩清理行动,因此清理完维索瓦海滩的垃圾后Shah和他的小伙伴们又转向其他的海滩。故选C项。
6.A 根据上文中的“the world’s biggest beach clean-up”可知,Shah的清理行动被称为世界上最大的海滩清理行动,空后一句又说2016年他被联合国授予“地球卫士”称号,这说明Shah的海滩清理行动赢得了全球的关注。故选A项。
7.C 根据空后的“and joined in his clean-ups”可知,宝莱坞名流和政界人士也加入海滩清理行动中,这说明他们接受(认可)Shah的工作。故选C项。
8.D 句意:现在,Shah还与沿海社区合作,从源头上解决塑料污染问题。根据空后的“plastic pollution at one of the sources”可知,Shah与沿海社区合作从源头上解决塑料污染问题。故选D项。
9.C 句意:在缺乏废物管理系统的地区,垃圾经常被排放到小溪和河流中,而这些小溪和河流往往流入海洋。根据空前的“In areas lacking waste management systems”可知,这些地区缺乏废物管理系统,因此产生的垃圾会被排放到流入海洋的小溪和河流中。故选C项。
10.A 句意同上。根据空前的“ often end(s) up in streams and rivers that empty into”可知,垃圾经常被排放到小溪和河流中,而这些小溪和河流往往流入海洋。故选A项。
11.D 句意:Shah和他的志愿者教育和帮助村民减少、管理和回收他们的塑料垃圾。根据空后的“and assist villagers in reducing,managing and recycling their plastic waste”可知,Shah和他的志愿者教育和帮助村民减少、管理和回收他们的塑料垃圾。故选D项。
12.A 句意:这个世界(的人们)往往说得太多了,我认为你们应该少说空话,多做实事。根据空后的“talk less”可知,此处指“说得太多”。故选A项。
13.B 根据空后的“do something for my planet”可知,Shah觉得他有必要为地球做点什么。故选B项。
14.D come on快点;get on上车;look on旁观,看待;go on继续。根据空后的“for life”可知,Shah会终身致力于这项工作。故选D项。
15.A 句意:如果每个人都行动起来,这个旅程将会变得更美妙。根据空前的“If each one could start”可知,如果每个人都能参与进来,这个旅程将会变得更美好。故选A项。
Ⅷ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个爱护环境的小女孩关心保护野生动物的故事。
1.endangered 考查形容词。此处修饰名词species,应用形容词,故填endangered。
2.woke 考查动词时态。分析句子可知此处填谓语,根据found可知此处用过去式woke。
3.places 考查名词复数。many修饰可数名词复数,所以填places。
4.where 考查定语从句。分析句子可知there was some wildlife protection作定语,修饰place,从句缺地点状语,所以应该用关系副词where。
5.an 考查冠词。此处表示一头大象,又因elephant以元音音素开头,所以用an。
6.without 考查介词。句意:她得知大象过去被无情地猎杀。表示“无情”可以用without mercy。
7.laughter 考查名词。Daisy突然笑起来。burst into后加名词,所以填laughter。
8.rubbing 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知本句有谓语met,所以rub要用非谓语动词的形式,monkey与rub是逻辑上的主谓关系,所以填rubbing。
9.more 考查形容词比较级。分析句子可知是和过去相比,要用比较级,所以填more。
10.fully 考查副词。此处修饰动词understood,应用副词fully。
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