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高考英语语法词汇专项突破：03重点句型展示 高频考点解读+巩固练习+答案
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这是一份高考英语语法词汇专项突破：03重点句型展示 高频考点解读+巩固练习+答案，共6页。试卷主要包含了典句展示等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1.典句展示：Experts tell us that we need t think abut what we can d t keep animals and plants frm becming endangered.
考点点拨：“介词+what从句”是介宾结构，其中的连接代词what引导的宾语从句作介词的宾语，注意what引导的从句可以作主语、宾语或表语。what本身在所引导的从句中可以作主语（见考例4）、宾语（见考例1、2）、表语（见考例3）等。连接代词that与what一样可以引导上述从句，但是所引导的从句通常不可以作介词宾语，而且that在所引导的从句中只起连接作用，其本身在从句中不作任何成分。
典例回顾：
考例1） (上海春招XXXX) By imprving reading skills, yu can read faster and understand mre f ______ yu read.
A. that B. what C. which D. whether （选B）
解读：首先根据f后句子的谓语动词read是及物动词，句中缺少宾语，所以推出所填的应该是连接代词，否则不可以作宾语，排除D；根据前面的介词f 知道所跟的宾语从句不可以用that引导，因为that引导的从句通常不作介词的宾语；C答案是定语从句中的“介词+关系代词”结构，但是本题不是定语从句。因此只有选B。
考例2）(NMETXXXX.I) See the flags n tp f the building? That was______ we did this mrning.
A. when B. which C. where D. What （选D）
考例3）(北京XXXX) ―Culd yu d me a favr?
―It depends n it is.
A. which B. whichever C. what D. whatever（选C）
考例4）（辽宁XXXX） makes this shp different is that it ffers mre persnal services.
A. What B. Wh C. Whatever D. Whever（选A）
知识拓展：what的含义有时十分模糊，不是直接理解成“什么、东西”等，而是根据实际情况理解为“…的事物或人物（which, wh, r that）”，如It's the pr what gets the blame.是穷人们受到了责难。还可以用于句型A it t B what C is t D，意思是“A对于B犹如C对于D”。
考例1）：(安徽XXXX) Great changes have taken place in that schl. It is n lnger _____ it was 20 years ag, ______ prly equipped.
A. what; when B. that; which C. what; which D. which; that（选A）
解读：考查表语从句和定语从句。表语从句本身缺少表语，而 that引导名词性从句时其本身在从句中只起连接作用，不可以作任何成分，排除B；再根据后一句的谓语动词过去时可以断定用when引导非限制性定语从句，故选A。what在句中并不都是翻译成“什么”，根据一定的语境可以理解为时间、地点、物品等模糊概念。如：China is n lnger what it used t be.可译作“中国再也不是以前的中国了”。
考例2）：(山东XXXX) Engines are t machines ____ hearts are t animals.
A. as B. that C. what D. which（选C）
解读：考查特定句型，根据句子的意思知道选C，句意是“对于机器来说，发动机就像动物的心脏；发动机对于机器犹如心脏对于动物”。
2．典句展示： There is a wide variety f new music t be discvered in every crner f the wrld, s the next time yu lk fr a tape r a CD, dn’ t just lk fr Chinese r American music--- pen yur ears t the sunds f the wrld!
考点点拨：“the +表示时间的名词+句子”结构中的“the +时间名词”相当于一个连词。像the next/last… time“下一次，上一次/最后一次”，表面上看并非连词，但是在实际运用中却作为连词使用，可以引导时间状语。同样用法的还有表示“一……就……”的the mment (minute, secnd, instant)。注意从句中谓语动词要求用现在时代替将来时，与普通的状语从句相同。
典例回顾： (京皖春招XXXX) ---Did yu remember t give Mary the mney yu wed her?
--- Yes, I gave it t her ____ I saw her.
A. while B. the mment C. suddenly D. nce （选B）
知识拓展：可以用the spring/summer/ autumn/ winter/ mnth/week等表示“某事发生在……的季节/月份/周”，引导时间状语从句，注意定冠词the不可以省掉。
典例：The summer I stayed in Beijing, I gt a jb with an incme f 4,000 yuan a mnth.
我在北京的那年夏天，我找到一一份月薪四千元的工作。
3．典句展示：Harry is very unhappy and des nt knw what t d abut his life.
But fr Harry, the mst imprtant lessn is abut real life, friendship and hw t be brave.
考点点拨：“wh-+t d”是不定式的一种特殊结构形式，可以转换成与其相对应的名词性从句，在句子中可以作主语、宾语或表语。像shw, ask, cnsider, teach, explain, decide, knw, wnder, tell等及物动词可用“连接词+不定式”作宾语。
典例回顾：(NMETXXXX) It is said in Australia there is mre land than the gvernment knws _____.
A. it what t d with B. what t d it with C. what t d with it D. t d it what with it（选C）
解读：d with“利用，对付，处理”是固定短语，排除B、D。根据谓语动词knw不可以直接跟动词不定式推出选C正确，用“疑问词+不定式”宾语。
4．典句展示：He was just abut t say smething when Pete turned arund.
考点点拨：when在句中是并列连词，表示“突然发生某事”，相当于and then, and just at that time， 前一分句的谓语动词通常用进行时或be abut t d等，此时when不可以置于句首，其前可以用逗号与前一分句隔开（也可以不用），注意as或while不可以用替换when。
典例回顾：（辽宁XXXX）He was abut halfway thrugh his meal a familiar vice came t his ears.
A. why B. where C. when D. while（选C）
解读：题干中的abut意思是“正要; 准备”，根据前后的逻辑关系可以看出“听到熟悉的声音”与前面的事情之间没有必然的联系，因此用when表示“突然某事发生”。故选C。
典例回顾: (湖南XXXX) I had just stepped ut f the bath rm and was busily drying myself with a twel _____ I heard the steps.
A. while B. when C. since D. after （选B）
解读：根据题干的意思和句中的过去进行时可以推断选B，表示“正要用毛巾擦干身子，突然听到脚步声”。
5．典句展示：It is prbably better, hwever, if we spend ur time and mney in buying gd fd and keeping a balanced diet.
考点点拨：“sb. spend time/mney (in) ding sth./ n sth.”句型表示“某人花去多少时间或金钱做某事”，in ding中的in可以省掉，跟名词时介词用n。本句型中的主语在主动语态中指人，不可以用指物的名词或代词作主语，但是可以用被动语态形式，那么指时间或金钱的名词可以用在该句型的被动语态句子中充当主语。
典例回顾：(重庆XXXX)—D yu have any idea what Paul des all day?
—As I knw, he spends at least as much time playing as he _______.
A. writes B. des writingC. is writingD. des write （选B）
解读：题中的比较级把两个sb. spend time ding连接起来，后面的句子用了代动词des代替spends，以免重复，所以des后面动词要用ing形式。故选B。
典例回顾：（上海XXXX） Accrding t a recent U.S. survey, children spend up t 25 hurs a week _____ TV.
A. t watch B. t watching C. watching D. watch （选C）
解读：根据句子的谓语动词spend，而且主语指人，宾语是指时间的名词，很容易看出是句型“随便sb. spend time in ding sth.”，而且in又可以省掉。故选C。
典例回顾：The mney wuld be better spent building mre rads r railways in ther parts f China.
解读：本句就是本册典句23页的一个句子，从句子可以看出主语并不指人，而我们通常说该句型的主语必须指人，要注意本句是被动语态形式，所以是一个正确的句子。
知识拓展：类似的句型还有 sb. have truble/ difficulty/ a hard time (in) ding sth; sb. waste time/mney (in) ding sth.其中的词in可以省掉。
典例回顾：(福建XXXX) Having been ill in bed fr nearly a mnth, he had a hard time ______ the exam.
A. pass B. t pass C. passed D. passing （选D）
典例回顾：(NMETXXXX) Yu’re _____ yur time trying t persuade him; he’ll never jin us.
A. spending /B. wasting C. lsing D. missing （选B）
6．典句展示：Mst fruits are naturally sweet and we can eat them just the way they are--- all we have t d is clean r peel them.
考点点拨：“all (that)+句子”是一个比较特殊的句型，实际上是定语从句，先行词是all，后面跟that引导的定语从句，当that作宾语时可以省掉，所以会出现 all后直接跟句子的情况。注意all that可以与what互换。另外还要注意本句的clean前面没有不定式t，实际上t被省掉了，当然也可以加上，这是因为当主语是all that/ what/ + 从句时，如果所跟的表语是不定式，那么不定式t可以省掉，当然也可以不省。
典例回顾：(上海春招XXXX)The thught f ging back hme was kept him happy while he was wrking abrad．
A．thatB．all thatC．all whatD．which
解读：that引导名词性从句其本身在句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用，而was后的表语从句缺少主语，排除A。D项根据意思理解是定语从句的引导词，不符合句意，要排除。C项的what本身已经包含all的意思，相当于all that，所以选B，不定代词all作表语，that引导的定语从句修饰先行词all。再如：
(天津XXXX) It is easy t d the repair. ____ yu need is a hammer and sme nails.
A. Smething B. All C. Bth D. Everything
7．典句展示： Each time we celebrate a festival it changes a little and in that way we keep ur culture alive.
考点点拨：each time的意思是“每当”，表面是一名词的形式，但是实际上可以直接连接句子，相当于连词，因此可以引导时间状语从句。要注意当需要表示将来时的时候谓语动词用一般现在时，这是状语从句的要求。也可以用every time代替each time，相当于whenever。
典例：a. Every time they are in truble we try ur best t help them.
b. Each time I visit him I find him reading the same nvel named GONE WITH WIND.
8．典句展示：I was the nly persn in my ffice wh was invited.
D yu remember ne afternn ten years ag when I came t yur huse and brrwed a necklace f yurs?
考点点拨：本句型是“先行词+其它成分+定语从句”，是定语从句的一种特殊形式，称之为隔离定语从句。通常定语从句直接置于先行词之后，但是有时候从句与先行词之间被其它成分隔开，解题时一定要找准先行词，不能想当然地认为从句前的名词就是先行词，否则会用错关系词。典句中第一句的先行词是persn，所以后面wh引导的定语从句的先行词不是ffice，所以如果用which就错了，一般也不用that，因为容易引起误解；第二句的先行词是ne afternn。
典例回顾：(京皖春招XXXX) It was an exciting mment fr these ftball fans this year, _____ fr the first time in years their team wn the Wrld Cup.
A. that B. while C. which D. when （选D）
解读：本题根据题干中的逗号知道考查非限制性定语从句，排除A、B。根据句意知道前面的先行词是mment，并不是this year，选D，当然本题的先行词并没有影响解题。
知识拓展：同位语从句有时也会出现同位名词与同位语从句之间被其它成分隔开的现象，同位语从句试题的解题关键是对同位语从句的正确判定。
典例回顾：(四川XXXX) --- It’s thirty years since we last met.
--- But I still remember the stry, believe it r nt, ____ we gt lst n a rainy night.
A. which B. that C. what D. when （选B）
解读：如果把believe it r nt去掉就很容易看出原来是同位语从句，B答案正确，但是实际上不少考生先把B答案排除了，然后从剩下的三个错误答案中选出一个，根本原因就是定势思维的影响，由于插入成分的干扰，有的同学想当然地认为是非限制性定语从句，结果选了A答案。
9．典句展示： There is n dubt that 100 years ag animal testing was cruel but tday animals in experiments are very well taken care well f.
考点点拨：there is /have n dubt that..是一个有关 dubt的重要句型，意思“毫无疑问…”。dubt后面 that引导的从句可以看作是同位语从句，如果在肯定句中则用whether引导。dubt也可以作动词，在肯定句中跟whether或if引导的宾语从句，在否定句和疑问句中用that引导的宾语从句。
典例回顾：（广东XXXX）Sme researchers believe that there is n dubt ______ a cure fr AIDS will be fund.
A. which B. that C. what D. whether （选B）
解读：本题符合句型there is n dubt that.. ，用that引导同位语从句，故选B。
10．典句展示：The pieces shuld be just lng enugh t reach the crners f the handkerchief.
考点点拨：“adj./adv.+enugh + t d sth.”结构中enugh是副词，当其修饰形容词或副词时要置于被修饰词之后。enugh还可以作形容词，此时置于被修饰的名词前后都可以。
典例回顾：(湖南XXXX)Althugh she did nt knw Bstn well, she made her way________ t the Hme Circle Building.
A. easy enugh B. enugh easy C. easily enugh D. enugh easily （选C）
解析：根据enugh修饰形容词或副词需要后置，排除B、D；本题的副词easily修饰动词made. 此题要克服思维定势，不要看成了“make+宾语+形容词+不定式”的结构了，此处的t为介词，make ne’s way t 前往。试比较：The prfessr spke slwly t make his wrds easy enugh t understand.
牛刀小试
I．根据句子的意思，在括号内选出适当的连词填上在横线上，使下列各句完整。
1. The shpkeeper did nt want t sell fr ______(that/ what) he thught was nt enugh.
2. I was surprised by her wrds, which made me recgnize ______ (what/ which) silly mistakes I had made.
3. The way he did it was different frm ______(hw/ what) we were used t.
4. D yu have any idea _______(what/ that) is actually ging n in the classrm?
5. --- I think it’s ging t be a big prblem.
--- Yes, it culd be.
--- I wnder _____ we can d abut it. (which/ what)
II. 单句改错：下列个句都有一处错误，分多词少词错词三种，请指出并改正。(注意：要遵循高考试题中的短文改错的改法)
1. When I asked him that he was ding, he smiled and then put the ty n the desk.
2. I can’t thank my teacher t much. She is t a student like a mther is t a daughter.
3. Is this the reasn what he gave us fr nt attending the meeting?
4. That yu see near the Nrth Ple is nthing but ice and snw.
5. A new schl will build in that used t be a temple.
6. Mst peple knw a great scientist Edisn became.
7. He was educated at a lcal grammar schl, after what he went n t Cambridge.
8. What I explained n the phne, yur request will be cnsidered at the next meeting.
III. 单句改错：下列个句都有一处错误，分多词少词错词三种，请指出并改正。(注意：要遵循高考试题中的短文改错的改法)
1. I really dn’t knw t thank yu.
2. He was abut t tell me the secret while smene patted him n the shulder.
3. Jasmine was hlidaying with her family in a wildlife park when she was bitten n the leg by a lin.
4. “Please bring yu electrnic dictinary the next time yu will attend my class”, said the prfessr.
5. Last summer I tk a curse n what t make dresses.
6. We were swimming in the lake suddenly the strm started.
IV．根据括号内所给的提示，把下列各句翻译成英语。
1. 我上一次见到他时，他正在写一本小说，但不知道他现在写完了没有。(the last time)
2. 我想要知道的是什么时候开始。(连接词+t d)
3. 何时到何地还没有确定下来。(连接词+t d)
4. 当她在用打字机打那封信时，突然电话响了。(when)
5. 你一到北京就要给我打电话。(The mment/ secnd/ minute…)
6.我在莫斯科的那年冬天，天气特别冷。 （the winter）
V．从下列所给的A、B、C、D四个答案中选出最佳答案。
1. He didn’t pass the final examinatin because he hadn’t spend much time _______ his hmewrk .
A. t B. at C. in D. n
2. Nw mre and mre city adults spend their leisure time _______ t imprve themselves at schl r cllege.
A. n trying B. t try C. trying D. tried
3. “Will yu be _______ yur hlidays abrad this year?” I asked.
A. paying B. spending C. cst D. take
4. ________ I meet him, I can’t help remembering ur ld days when we wrked tgether in a faraway village.
A. All time B. All times C. Time D. Every time
5. After the cmpetitin, all Zhulan culd d was ________ t her trainer and thank him.
A. g up B. ging up C. gne up D. t be gne up
6. N ne knws ________ the pr man shuld have said.
A. which B. what C. all what D. all which
7. ---- Why _______ time and energy ______ smething s hpeless?
---- But I have n chice.
A. spend; in B. spend; / C. waste; n D. spend in
8. Students grwing up frm nursery schl t cllege have truble _______ realities.
A. n dealing with B. dealing with C. in t deal with D. hw t deal with
9. At first, the gvernment had great difficulty _______ peple t leave Ri and t settle in Brasilia.
A. in persuading B. n persuading C. t persuade D. persuaded
10. ----- D yu have any difficulty ______ English?
----- Yes. In fact t much.
A. in B. fr C. with D. n
11.（上海XXXX）A stry ges ______ Elizabeth I f England liked nthing mre than being surrunded by clever and qualified nblemen at curt.
A. when B. where C. what D. that
12. ---- D yu think it is __________ t play chess here?
---- Yes, nwhere can yu find a better place.
A. light enugh B. lightly enugh C. enugh light D. enugh lightly
13. I have (my) dubts ______ he is the best man fr the jb.
A. that B. if C. whether D. what
14. --- Why nt pay a visit t Mr. Li?
--- I dubt _______ he is at hme.
A. if B. that C. whether D. Bth A and C
15. --- I dn’t dubt ______ he said.
--- On the cuntry, he is always lying.
A. that B. if C. whether D. what
16. ---- Can yu dubt ______ he will win?
---- Yes, he hasn’t wrk hard enugh, I think.
A. whether B. what C. why D. that
17. We can travel t places in an hur _____ wuld have taken ur ancestrs days t reach.
A. where B. when C. which D. what
18. (重庆XXXX) Nbdy believed his reasn fr being absent frm the class ____ he had t meet his uncle at the airprt.
A. why B. that C. where D. because
19.（上海春招XXXX） _____, sme famus scientists have the qualities f being bth careful and careless.
A. Strangely enugh B. Enugh strangely C. Strange enugh D. Enugh strange
20. (NMETXXXX) ______ t take this adventure curse will certainly learn a lt f useful skills.
A. Brave enugh students B. Enugh brave students
C. Students brave enugh D. Students enugh brave
KEYS: 1-5 DCBDA 6-10 BCBAC 11-15 DACDD 16-20 DCBAC
KEYS：
I. 1.what 2. what 3. what 4. what 5. what
II. 1. that 改为what 2. like改为what
3. 删掉what，或把what改为that/which 4. That 改为What
5. that改为what6. 在knw后加上what
7. what改为which8. What 改为As
III.1. 在t前加上hw 2. while改为when 3. 把and删掉
4. 把 will删掉 5. what改为hw 6. suddenly前加上when
IV.1. The last time I saw him he was writing a nvel, but I dn’t knw whether he has finished it r nt.
2. What I want t knw is when t start.
3. When and where t g hasn’t been decided yet.
4. She was typing the letter, when the telephne rang.
5. The mment/ secnd/ minute yu arrive in Beijing, please ring me up.
6. The winter I stayed in Mscw, it was extremely cld.
V. 1-5 DCBDA 6-10 BCBAC 11-15 DACDD 16-20 DCBAC
Key pint preview要点预览
1
典句展示：Experts tell us that we need t think abut what we can d t keep animals and plants frm becming endangered.
2
典句展示： There is a wide variety f new music t be discvered in every crner f the wrld, s the next time yu lk fr a tape r a CD, dn’ t just lk fr Chinese r American music--- pen yur ears t the sunds f the wrld!
3
Harry is very unhappy and des nt knw what t d abut his life.
But fr Harry, the mst imprtant lessn is abut real life, friendship and hw t be brave.
4
He was just abut t say smething when Pete turned arund.
5
It is prbably better, hwever, if we spend ur time and mney in buying gd fd and keeping a balanced diet.
6
Mst fruits are naturally sweet and we can eat them just the way they are--- all we have t d is clean r peel them.
7
Each time we celebrate a festival it changes a little and in that way we keep ur culture alive.
8
I was the nly persn in my ffice wh was invited.
D yu remember ne afternn ten years ag when I came t yur huse and brrwed a necklace f yurs?
9
There is n dubt that 100 years ag animal testing was cruel but tday animals in experiments are very well taken care well f.
10
The pieces shuld be just lng enugh t reach the crners f the handkerchief.
1.典句展示：Experts tell us that we need t think abut what we can d t keep animals and plants frm becming endangered.
考点点拨：“介词+what从句”是介宾结构，其中的连接代词what引导的宾语从句作介词的宾语，注意what引导的从句可以作主语、宾语或表语。what本身在所引导的从句中可以作主语（见考例4）、宾语（见考例1、2）、表语（见考例3）等。连接代词that与what一样可以引导上述从句，但是所引导的从句通常不可以作介词宾语，而且that在所引导的从句中只起连接作用，其本身在从句中不作任何成分。
典例回顾：
考例1） (上海春招XXXX) By imprving reading skills, yu can read faster and understand mre f ______ yu read.
A. that B. what C. which D. whether （选B）
解读：首先根据f后句子的谓语动词read是及物动词，句中缺少宾语，所以推出所填的应该是连接代词，否则不可以作宾语，排除D；根据前面的介词f 知道所跟的宾语从句不可以用that引导，因为that引导的从句通常不作介词的宾语；C答案是定语从句中的“介词+关系代词”结构，但是本题不是定语从句。因此只有选B。
考例2）(NMETXXXX.I) See the flags n tp f the building? That was______ we did this mrning.
A. when B. which C. where D. What （选D）
考例3）(北京XXXX) ―Culd yu d me a favr?
―It depends n it is.
A. which B. whichever C. what D. whatever（选C）
考例4）（辽宁XXXX） makes this shp different is that it ffers mre persnal services.
A. What B. Wh C. Whatever D. Whever（选A）
知识拓展：what的含义有时十分模糊，不是直接理解成“什么、东西”等，而是根据实际情况理解为“…的事物或人物（which, wh, r that）”，如It's the pr what gets the blame.是穷人们受到了责难。还可以用于句型A it t B what C is t D，意思是“A对于B犹如C对于D”。
考例1）：(安徽XXXX) Great changes have taken place in that schl. It is n lnger _____ it was 20 years ag, ______ prly equipped.
A. what; when B. that; which C. what; which D. which; that（选A）
解读：考查表语从句和定语从句。表语从句本身缺少表语，而 that引导名词性从句时其本身在从句中只起连接作用，不可以作任何成分，排除B；再根据后一句的谓语动词过去时可以断定用when引导非限制性定语从句，故选A。what在句中并不都是翻译成“什么”，根据一定的语境可以理解为时间、地点、物品等模糊概念。如：China is n lnger what it used t be.可译作“中国再也不是以前的中国了”。
考例2）：(山东XXXX) Engines are t machines ____ hearts are t animals.
A. as B. that C. what D. which（选C）
解读：考查特定句型，根据句子的意思知道选C，句意是“对于机器来说，发动机就像动物的心脏；发动机对于机器犹如心脏对于动物”。
2．典句展示： There is a wide variety f new music t be discvered in every crner f the wrld, s the next time yu lk fr a tape r a CD, dn’ t just lk fr Chinese r American music--- pen yur ears t the sunds f the wrld!
考点点拨：“the +表示时间的名词+句子”结构中的“the +时间名词”相当于一个连词。像the next/last… time“下一次，上一次/最后一次”，表面上看并非连词，但是在实际运用中却作为连词使用，可以引导时间状语。同样用法的还有表示“一……就……”的the mment (minute, secnd, instant)。注意从句中谓语动词要求用现在时代替将来时，与普通的状语从句相同。
典例回顾： (京皖春招XXXX) ---Did yu remember t give Mary the mney yu wed her?
--- Yes, I gave it t her ____ I saw her.
A. while B. the mment C. suddenly D. nce （选B）
知识拓展：可以用the spring/summer/ autumn/ winter/ mnth/week等表示“某事发生在……的季节/月份/周”，引导时间状语从句，注意定冠词the不可以省掉。
典例：The summer I stayed in Beijing, I gt a jb with an incme f 4,000 yuan a mnth.
我在北京的那年夏天，我找到一一份月薪四千元的工作。
3．典句展示：Harry is very unhappy and des nt knw what t d abut his life.
But fr Harry, the mst imprtant lessn is abut real life, friendship and hw t be brave.
考点点拨：“wh-+t d”是不定式的一种特殊结构形式，可以转换成与其相对应的名词性从句，在句子中可以作主语、宾语或表语。像shw, ask, cnsider, teach, explain, decide, knw, wnder, tell等及物动词可用“连接词+不定式”作宾语。
典例回顾：(NMETXXXX) It is said in Australia there is mre land than the gvernment knws _____.
A. it what t d with B. what t d it with C. what t d with it D. t d it what with it（选C）
解读：d with“利用，对付，处理”是固定短语，排除B、D。根据谓语动词knw不可以直接跟动词不定式推出选C正确，用“疑问词+不定式”宾语。
4．典句展示：He was just abut t say smething when Pete turned arund.
考点点拨：when在句中是并列连词，表示“突然发生某事”，相当于and then, and just at that time， 前一分句的谓语动词通常用进行时或be abut t d等，此时when不可以置于句首，其前可以用逗号与前一分句隔开（也可以不用），注意as或while不可以用替换when。
典例回顾：（辽宁XXXX）He was abut halfway thrugh his meal a familiar vice came t his ears.
A. why B. where C. when D. while（选C）
解读：题干中的abut意思是“正要; 准备”，根据前后的逻辑关系可以看出“听到熟悉的声音”与前面的事情之间没有必然的联系，因此用when表示“突然某事发生”。故选C。
典例回顾: (湖南XXXX) I had just stepped ut f the bath rm and was busily drying myself with a twel _____ I heard the steps.
A. while B. when C. since D. after （选B）
解读：根据题干的意思和句中的过去进行时可以推断选B，表示“正要用毛巾擦干身子，突然听到脚步声”。
5．典句展示：It is prbably better, hwever, if we spend ur time and mney in buying gd fd and keeping a balanced diet.
考点点拨：“sb. spend time/mney (in) ding sth./ n sth.”句型表示“某人花去多少时间或金钱做某事”，in ding中的in可以省掉，跟名词时介词用n。本句型中的主语在主动语态中指人，不可以用指物的名词或代词作主语，但是可以用被动语态形式，那么指时间或金钱的名词可以用在该句型的被动语态句子中充当主语。
典例回顾：(重庆XXXX)—D yu have any idea what Paul des all day?
—As I knw, he spends at least as much time playing as he _______.
A. writes B. des writingC. is writingD. des write （选B）
解读：题中的比较级把两个sb. spend time ding连接起来，后面的句子用了代动词des代替spends，以免重复，所以des后面动词要用ing形式。故选B。
典例回顾：（上海XXXX） Accrding t a recent U.S. survey, children spend up t 25 hurs a week _____ TV.
A. t watch B. t watching C. watching D. watch （选C）
解读：根据句子的谓语动词spend，而且主语指人，宾语是指时间的名词，很容易看出是句型“随便sb. spend time in ding sth.”，而且in又可以省掉。故选C。
典例回顾：The mney wuld be better spent building mre rads r railways in ther parts f China.
解读：本句就是本册典句23页的一个句子，从句子可以看出主语并不指人，而我们通常说该句型的主语必须指人，要注意本句是被动语态形式，所以是一个正确的句子。
知识拓展：类似的句型还有 sb. have truble/ difficulty/ a hard time (in) ding sth; sb. waste time/mney (in) ding sth.其中的词in可以省掉。
典例回顾：(福建XXXX) Having been ill in bed fr nearly a mnth, he had a hard time ______ the exam.
A. pass B. t pass C. passed D. passing （选D）
典例回顾：(NMETXXXX) Yu’re _____ yur time trying t persuade him; he’ll never jin us.
A. spending /B. wasting C. lsing D. missing （选B）
6．典句展示：Mst fruits are naturally sweet and we can eat them just the way they are--- all we have t d is clean r peel them.
考点点拨：“all (that)+句子”是一个比较特殊的句型，实际上是定语从句，先行词是all，后面跟that引导的定语从句，当that作宾语时可以省掉，所以会出现 all后直接跟句子的情况。注意all that可以与what互换。另外还要注意本句的clean前面没有不定式t，实际上t被省掉了，当然也可以加上，这是因为当主语是all that/ what/ + 从句时，如果所跟的表语是不定式，那么不定式t可以省掉，当然也可以不省。
典例回顾：(上海春招XXXX)The thught f ging back hme was kept him happy while he was wrking abrad．
A．thatB．all thatC．all whatD．which
解读：that引导名词性从句其本身在句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用，而was后的表语从句缺少主语，排除A。D项根据意思理解是定语从句的引导词，不符合句意，要排除。C项的what本身已经包含all的意思，相当于all that，所以选B，不定代词all作表语，that引导的定语从句修饰先行词all。再如：
(天津XXXX) It is easy t d the repair. ____ yu need is a hammer and sme nails.
A. Smething B. All C. Bth D. Everything
7．典句展示： Each time we celebrate a festival it changes a little and in that way we keep ur culture alive.
考点点拨：each time的意思是“每当”，表面是一名词的形式，但是实际上可以直接连接句子，相当于连词，因此可以引导时间状语从句。要注意当需要表示将来时的时候谓语动词用一般现在时，这是状语从句的要求。也可以用every time代替each time，相当于whenever。
典例：a. Every time they are in truble we try ur best t help them.
b. Each time I visit him I find him reading the same nvel named GONE WITH WIND.
8．典句展示：I was the nly persn in my ffice wh was invited.
D yu remember ne afternn ten years ag when I came t yur huse and brrwed a necklace f yurs?
考点点拨：本句型是“先行词+其它成分+定语从句”，是定语从句的一种特殊形式，称之为隔离定语从句。通常定语从句直接置于先行词之后，但是有时候从句与先行词之间被其它成分隔开，解题时一定要找准先行词，不能想当然地认为从句前的名词就是先行词，否则会用错关系词。典句中第一句的先行词是persn，所以后面wh引导的定语从句的先行词不是ffice，所以如果用which就错了，一般也不用that，因为容易引起误解；第二句的先行词是ne afternn。
典例回顾：(京皖春招XXXX) It was an exciting mment fr these ftball fans this year, _____ fr the first time in years their team wn the Wrld Cup.
A. that B. while C. which D. when （选D）
解读：本题根据题干中的逗号知道考查非限制性定语从句，排除A、B。根据句意知道前面的先行词是mment，并不是this year，选D，当然本题的先行词并没有影响解题。
知识拓展：同位语从句有时也会出现同位名词与同位语从句之间被其它成分隔开的现象，同位语从句试题的解题关键是对同位语从句的正确判定。
典例回顾：(四川XXXX) --- It’s thirty years since we last met.
--- But I still remember the stry, believe it r nt, ____ we gt lst n a rainy night.
A. which B. that C. what D. when （选B）
解读：如果把believe it r nt去掉就很容易看出原来是同位语从句，B答案正确，但是实际上不少考生先把B答案排除了，然后从剩下的三个错误答案中选出一个，根本原因就是定势思维的影响，由于插入成分的干扰，有的同学想当然地认为是非限制性定语从句，结果选了A答案。
9．典句展示： There is n dubt that 100 years ag animal testing was cruel but tday animals in experiments are very well taken care well f.
考点点拨：there is /have n dubt that..是一个有关 dubt的重要句型，意思“毫无疑问…”。dubt后面 that引导的从句可以看作是同位语从句，如果在肯定句中则用whether引导。dubt也可以作动词，在肯定句中跟whether或if引导的宾语从句，在否定句和疑问句中用that引导的宾语从句。
典例回顾：（广东XXXX）Sme researchers believe that there is n dubt ______ a cure fr AIDS will be fund.
A. which B. that C. what D. whether （选B）
解读：本题符合句型there is n dubt that.. ，用that引导同位语从句，故选B。
10．典句展示：The pieces shuld be just lng enugh t reach the crners f the handkerchief.
考点点拨：“adj./adv.+enugh + t d sth.”结构中enugh是副词，当其修饰形容词或副词时要置于被修饰词之后。enugh还可以作形容词，此时置于被修饰的名词前后都可以。
典例回顾：(湖南XXXX)Althugh she did nt knw Bstn well, she made her way________ t the Hme Circle Building.
A. easy enugh B. enugh easy C. easily enugh D. enugh easily （选C）
解析：根据enugh修饰形容词或副词需要后置，排除B、D；本题的副词easily修饰动词made. 此题要克服思维定势，不要看成了“make+宾语+形容词+不定式”的结构了，此处的t为介词，make ne’s way t 前往。试比较：The prfessr spke slwly t make his wrds easy enugh t understand.
牛刀小试
I．根据句子的意思，在括号内选出适当的连词填上在横线上，使下列各句完整。
1. The shpkeeper did nt want t sell fr ______(that/ what) he thught was nt enugh.
2. I was surprised by her wrds, which made me recgnize ______ (what/ which) silly mistakes I had made.
3. The way he did it was different frm ______(hw/ what) we were used t.
4. D yu have any idea _______(what/ that) is actually ging n in the classrm?
5. --- I think it’s ging t be a big prblem.
--- Yes, it culd be.
--- I wnder _____ we can d abut it. (which/ what)
II. 单句改错：下列个句都有一处错误，分多词少词错词三种，请指出并改正。(注意：要遵循高考试题中的短文改错的改法)
1. When I asked him that he was ding, he smiled and then put the ty n the desk.
2. I can’t thank my teacher t much. She is t a student like a mther is t a daughter.
3. Is this the reasn what he gave us fr nt attending the meeting?
4. That yu see near the Nrth Ple is nthing but ice and snw.
5. A new schl will build in that used t be a temple.
6. Mst peple knw a great scientist Edisn became.
7. He was educated at a lcal grammar schl, after what he went n t Cambridge.
8. What I explained n the phne, yur request will be cnsidered at the next meeting.
III. 单句改错：下列个句都有一处错误，分多词少词错词三种，请指出并改正。(注意：要遵循高考试题中的短文改错的改法)
1. I really dn’t knw t thank yu.
2. He was abut t tell me the secret while smene patted him n the shulder.
3. Jasmine was hlidaying with her family in a wildlife park when she was bitten n the leg by a lin.
4. “Please bring yu electrnic dictinary the next time yu will attend my class”, said the prfessr.
5. Last summer I tk a curse n what t make dresses.
6. We were swimming in the lake suddenly the strm started.
IV．根据括号内所给的提示，把下列各句翻译成英语。
1. 我上一次见到他时，他正在写一本小说，但不知道他现在写完了没有。(the last time)
2. 我想要知道的是什么时候开始。(连接词+t d)
3. 何时到何地还没有确定下来。(连接词+t d)
4. 当她在用打字机打那封信时，突然电话响了。(when)
5. 你一到北京就要给我打电话。(The mment/ secnd/ minute…)
6.我在莫斯科的那年冬天，天气特别冷。 （the winter）
V．从下列所给的A、B、C、D四个答案中选出最佳答案。
1. He didn’t pass the final examinatin because he hadn’t spend much time _______ his hmewrk .
A. t B. at C. in D. n
2. Nw mre and mre city adults spend their leisure time _______ t imprve themselves at schl r cllege.
A. n trying B. t try C. trying D. tried
3. “Will yu be _______ yur hlidays abrad this year?” I asked.
A. paying B. spending C. cst D. take
4. ________ I meet him, I can’t help remembering ur ld days when we wrked tgether in a faraway village.
A. All time B. All times C. Time D. Every time
5. After the cmpetitin, all Zhulan culd d was ________ t her trainer and thank him.
A. g up B. ging up C. gne up D. t be gne up
6. N ne knws ________ the pr man shuld have said.
A. which B. what C. all what D. all which
7. ---- Why _______ time and energy ______ smething s hpeless?
---- But I have n chice.
A. spend; in B. spend; / C. waste; n D. spend in
8. Students grwing up frm nursery schl t cllege have truble _______ realities.
A. n dealing with B. dealing with C. in t deal with D. hw t deal with
9. At first, the gvernment had great difficulty _______ peple t leave Ri and t settle in Brasilia.
A. in persuading B. n persuading C. t persuade D. persuaded
10. ----- D yu have any difficulty ______ English?
----- Yes. In fact t much.
A. in B. fr C. with D. n
11.（上海XXXX）A stry ges ______ Elizabeth I f England liked nthing mre than being surrunded by clever and qualified nblemen at curt.
A. when B. where C. what D. that
12. ---- D yu think it is __________ t play chess here?
---- Yes, nwhere can yu find a better place.
A. light enugh B. lightly enugh C. enugh light D. enugh lightly
13. I have (my) dubts ______ he is the best man fr the jb.
A. that B. if C. whether D. what
14. --- Why nt pay a visit t Mr. Li?
--- I dubt _______ he is at hme.
A. if B. that C. whether D. Bth A and C
15. --- I dn’t dubt ______ he said.
--- On the cuntry, he is always lying.
A. that B. if C. whether D. what
16. ---- Can yu dubt ______ he will win?
---- Yes, he hasn’t wrk hard enugh, I think.
A. whether B. what C. why D. that
17. We can travel t places in an hur _____ wuld have taken ur ancestrs days t reach.
A. where B. when C. which D. what
18. (重庆XXXX) Nbdy believed his reasn fr being absent frm the class ____ he had t meet his uncle at the airprt.
A. why B. that C. where D. because
19.（上海春招XXXX） _____, sme famus scientists have the qualities f being bth careful and careless.
A. Strangely enugh B. Enugh strangely C. Strange enugh D. Enugh strange
20. (NMETXXXX) ______ t take this adventure curse will certainly learn a lt f useful skills.
A. Brave enugh students B. Enugh brave students
C. Students brave enugh D. Students enugh brave
KEYS: 1-5 DCBDA 6-10 BCBAC 11-15 DACDD 16-20 DCBAC
KEYS：
I. 1.what 2. what 3. what 4. what 5. what
II. 1. that 改为what 2. like改为what
3. 删掉what，或把what改为that/which 4. That 改为What
5. that改为what6. 在knw后加上what
7. what改为which8. What 改为As
III.1. 在t前加上hw 2. while改为when 3. 把and删掉
4. 把 will删掉 5. what改为hw 6. suddenly前加上when
IV.1. The last time I saw him he was writing a nvel, but I dn’t knw whether he has finished it r nt.
2. What I want t knw is when t start.
3. When and where t g hasn’t been decided yet.
4. She was typing the letter, when the telephne rang.
5. The mment/ secnd/ minute yu arrive in Beijing, please ring me up.
6. The winter I stayed in Mscw, it was extremely cld.
V. 1-5 DCBDA 6-10 BCBAC 11-15 DACDD 16-20 DCBAC
Key pint preview要点预览
1
典句展示：Experts tell us that we need t think abut what we can d t keep animals and plants frm becming endangered.
2
典句展示： There is a wide variety f new music t be discvered in every crner f the wrld, s the next time yu lk fr a tape r a CD, dn’ t just lk fr Chinese r American music--- pen yur ears t the sunds f the wrld!
3
Harry is very unhappy and des nt knw what t d abut his life.
But fr Harry, the mst imprtant lessn is abut real life, friendship and hw t be brave.
4
He was just abut t say smething when Pete turned arund.
5
It is prbably better, hwever, if we spend ur time and mney in buying gd fd and keeping a balanced diet.
6
Mst fruits are naturally sweet and we can eat them just the way they are--- all we have t d is clean r peel them.
7
Each time we celebrate a festival it changes a little and in that way we keep ur culture alive.
8
I was the nly persn in my ffice wh was invited.
D yu remember ne afternn ten years ag when I came t yur huse and brrwed a necklace f yurs?
9
There is n dubt that 100 years ag animal testing was cruel but tday animals in experiments are very well taken care well f.
10
The pieces shuld be just lng enugh t reach the crners f the handkerchief.
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