高考英语语法词汇专项突破：02重点句型展示 高频考点解读+巩固练习+答案

这是一份高考英语语法词汇专项突破：02重点句型展示 高频考点解读+巩固练习+答案，共7页。试卷主要包含了典句展示等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1．典句展示： When asked abut the secret f his success, Steven Spielberg said that he wes much f his success and happiness t his wife and children.
When drinking t smene’s health, yu raise yur glasses, but the glasses shuld nt tuch.
考点点拨：“连词+现在分词/过去分词”与状语从句和分词作状语关系十分密切。由when/ while/ after/ befre/ if/ thugh/ unless/ as if等引导的状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，如果从句的谓语动词是主动语态，则可以省略从句的主语，而保留原来连词，形成“连词+现在分词”结构。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致，而且状语从句的谓语动词是被动语态形式时，从句可以转换成“连词+过去分词”形式，同时省掉从句的主语和句中的助动词be，注意该结构中的连词仍保持原来的意义。
典例回顾：
考例1）：(广东XXXX) N matter hw frequently , the wrks f Beethven still attract peple all ver the wrld.
A. perfrmed B. perfrming C. t be perfrmed D. being perfrmed （选A）
解读：在题干中N matter hw是引导让步状语从句的连词，根据句子的主语the wrks f Beethven“贝多芬的作品”是动词perfrm的动作对象可以看出用过去分词，故选A。句子补全是：N matter hw frequently they are perfrmed….
考例2）：（全国卷XXXX）While watching televisin, __________.
A．the drbell rang B．the drbell rings
C．we heard the drbell ring D．we heard the drbell rings （选C）
解读：本题的命题方式与上一题不同，但是考点相同。题干是状语从句的省略句形式，根据连词while后的现在分词可以知道动词watch动作的执行者应该是人，再根据分词作状语通常要与主句保持逻辑上的一致知道要从C、D中选，而D项主从句的动词时态不一致。故选C，前面的省略句补全是：While we were watching televisin…。
知识拓展：“连词+形容词/副词/介词等”同“连词+现在分词/过去分词”实际上是同一种结构。在状语从句中如果从句是“it is…”的形式，或是“主（与主句主语一致）+be+表语”结构。那么可以省掉句子的主语和谓语，只留下表语部分。如：
If pssible, we’ll build a platfrm in the centre f the Channel.（=If it is pssible, …）
He culd write pems when yet a child.（=…when he was a child.）
When in dubt, ask the chairman himself. (=When yu are in dubt, …)
2．典句展示：When yu see tw spns, the big ne is fr the sup and the small ne fr the dessert.
考点点拨：并列句中的后一分句与前面的分句结构相同时，常可省掉重复的部分，以使句子更加简洁。课文句子省掉的是连系动词，补全是：…the small ne is fr the dessert.。
典例回顾：(京皖春招XXXX) One f the sides f the bard shuld be painted yellw, and ______.
A. the ther is white B. anther white
*C. the ther white D. anther is white
点拨：根据常识可知木板有两面，所以用the ther，排除B、D；and连接并列句，根据前一分句的意思可知后一分句补全应是：and the ther is painted white,省掉与前句相同的部分“is painted”，故选C。
3．典句展示：Why nt …
考点点拨： Why nt后跟动词原形，即“Why nt d sth.？”，是Why dn’t yu d sth?的省略形式，表示建议或赞同。
典例回顾：
考例1）：(NMETXXXX.江苏)--Hw abut putting sme pictures int the reprt?
-- ________. A picture is wrth a thusand wrds.
A. N way. B. Why nt? C. All right D. N matter （选B）
解读：Hw abut在句中表示建议，从答句中“一幅画抵得上一千字”可以看出是表示赞同，故选B，即Why nt put sme pictures int the reprt.或Why dn’t yu put sme pictures int the reprt.。
考例2）：（NMETXXXX.山东）-- Let’s g t a mvie after wrk, OK?
-- _________
A. Nt at all. B. Why nt？ C. Never mind. D. What f it？ （选B）
解读：Let’s在句中表示建议，Why nt表示赞同。故选B。
知识拓展：Why didn’t yu d sth不可以省略为“why nt”，因为过去时表示的是已经发生的事情，主要用来表示责怪、批评等。如：
--- I missed the first train yesterday, s I culdn’t attend the meeting n time.
--- Why didn’t yu get up earlier?
解读：如果用“Why nt get up earlier?”则表示建议，而根据上一句知道事情已经发生，所以不应该是表示建议，所以应该理解为表示责备，意思是“为什么不早一点起床？”。
4．典句展示： We will nt let ur hliday and culture be destryed, and we will d everything we can t save ur city!
考点点拨：“…d everything/all/what sb. can t d sth”是一个比较复杂的结构，关键是能把不定式分开就可以了。通常会考虑到情态动词跟动词不定式不应该带t，但是实际上本结构中的不定式与情态动词没有关系，不定式作目的状语，情态动词can后省掉了与前面相同的谓语动词d。如果前面是everything/all，则后面就是定语从句，引导从句的关系代词that由于在从句中作宾语，所以可以省掉。如果用what，则看作是what引导的宾语从句，补全就是“d what sb. can d t d…”。
典例回顾：(NMETXXXX.改错.78) My parents lve me dearly f curse and will d all they can make sure that I get a gd educatin.
解读：在can后加上不定式标志t。本句补全是：… and will d all that they can d t make sure…， 不定式作目的状语。
知识拓展：“还原法”是这一类型试题的主要解题方式之一，解题的关键就是要根据题干的意思，而不是仅仅根据语法结构。通常命题者会根据考生的定向思维设置干扰项，而大部分考生又会根据原有的语法知识解题，不去关注句子的主要意思，往往会导致忽视句子的意思。正确的方法是把句子的意思理顺，补全所缺成分，尤其要注意有时看着很顺畅的连接，由于省略的介入实际上上并无直接关系。要敢于打破思维定势，把握句子的结构。
考例：(XXXX上海) Mrs．Brwn was much disappinted t see the washing machine she had had ________ went wrng again．
A．it B．it repaired C．repaired D．t be repaired （选C）
解读：句子既包含了have sth．dne结构，又包含了—个定语从句，解题时我们要先将全句拆分成两句，再将定语从句还原成简单句。拆分成两个简单句后的句子为：Mrs. Brwn was much disappinted t see the washing machine went wrng again．She had had it (= the washing machine)repaired．将上面这两个句子合并成定语从句后，从句中的划线部份it(=the washing machine)已被关系代词which或that代替，故含it的选项A和B项要排除，根据have作使役动词所跟的作宾补的不定式不带t 排除D，答案只可选C，关系代词作宾语时可省略。
5．典句展示：It was frm the early 1990s that scientists started t develp new techniques t increase agricultural prductin withut harming the envirnment.
考点点拨：“It + be +被强调部分+ that (wh) + 原句剩余部分”是强调句型，句型中的it无实意，由于it处在主语的位置，所以be动词只用单数形式。句型中的连词用that(在口语中可以见到that省掉的现象)，指人时还可以用wh。在试题的命制上通常会从以下几个方面设题：1)It用法 2）连词that与when, where等的区别 3) nt…until被强调 4）相近句型区别，如与when, that, befre等。现在把考点分解如下：
(1)考查it在本句型中的运用
典例回顾：(江西XXXX)34.I dn’t mind her criticizing me, but is hw she des it that I bject t.
A. it B. that C. this D. which （选A）
典例回顾：(上海XXXX) _______ was in 1979 ____ I graduated frm university.
A. That; that B. It; that C. That; when D. It; when （选B）
(2)考查引导词that在本句型中的运用
一旦判定是强调句型引导词就要用that，指人时可以用wh。注意即使被强调部分指时间或地点，引导词也要用that，而不可以用when或where，这一点与定语从句的引导词不同。
典例回顾：(重庆XXXX) It is nt wh is right but what is right ______ is f imprtance.
whichB. it C. that D. this （选C）
(3)考查强调句型的一般疑问句形式
强调句的一般疑问句形式是把be动词置于句首，即把be动词置于it之前。句式是：Is/ was+it…that…
典例回顾：(上海XXXX) --- Wasn’t it Dr. Wang wh spke t yu just nw?
--- __________.
A. I didn’t knw he was B. Yes, it was C. N, he wasn’t D. Yes, he did （选B）
解读：考题的疑问句是一个强调句型的一般疑问句形式，即Yes-n问句，it在句中作主语，所以在回答时用Yes, it was或N, it wasn’t。所以本题选B。
(4)考查强调句型的特殊疑问句形式
强调句型的特殊疑问句形式的构成是“特殊疑问词+be+it+that…”，实际上就是对特殊疑问词进行强调，注意当特殊疑问句转换为宾语从句的时候，从句要用陈述语序，即：wh- it +be+…that…
典例回顾：(山东XXXX) --- ______ that he managed t get the infrmatin?
--- Oh, a friend f his helped him.
A. Where was it B. What was it C. Hw was it D. Why was it （选C）
解读：本题是对特殊疑问词进行强调，根据句子的意思，尤其是题干that后面的内容看出是对疑问副词强调，排除B。再由答句看出是表示方式，故选C。
典例回顾：(山东XXXX) I just wnder ____ that makes him s excited.
A. why it des B. what he des C. hw it is D. what it is （选D）
解读：强调句型的鉴别方法上就是把其中的it, be动词和that去掉，然后调整句子，如果句子依然正确就是强调句型。本题把it is和that去掉，那么句子就是___ makes him s excited.这样会发现缺少主语，因此选D，句子还原就是：I just wnder what makes him s excited.
(5)考查强调句型中的nt…until…
对否定句的until从句或until短语进行强调时，要把否定词nt放在until之前，实际上就是把强调句型变成了否定形式，nt until句型强调结构是：It wasn’t until…that…。
典例回顾：(浙江XXXX) It _____ we had stayed tgether fr a cuple f weeks ____ I fund we had a lt in cmmn.
A. was until; when B. was until; that C. wasn’t until; when D. wasn’t until; that（选D）
解读：根据所提供的被选项和句子的意思看出是强调句型，我们把句子还原就是：I didn’t find we had a lt in cmmn until we had stayed tgether fr a cuple f weeks.可以看出把nt前置后剩下的did find合成fund，否则就会强调动词find，那么就改变了句子的原意。故选D。
牛刀小试
I. 根据句子的意思，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. In sme supermarkets, custmers smetimes can’t help _______ (persuade) int buying smething they dn’t need at all.
2. He said he was s busy that he culdn’t help ______ (clean) the huse, which made his wife very angry.
3. The manager asked the secretary if she had any papers ____(type).
4. The husband said, “Why nt just _______ (wear) a flwer.”
5. “Hw abut just ________ (wear) a flwer”, said the husband.
6. I wuld like t knw what yu want t have _______ (repair) n earth.
7. “Whm wuld like t have ________ (repair) the washing machine”, asked the manager.
8. All his friends did all they culd ________ (help) him ut, but he felt uneasy.
II. 句型转换：在不改变句子原意的情况下转换下列各句，注意每空只能填一个词。
1. After biling, in the first pan were put sme carrts, the secnd sme eggs and the last ne cffee.
After biling, in the first pan were put sme carrts, ______ the secnd ____ ______ sme eggs and ______ the last ne _____ _______ cffee.
2. As we all knw, sme bks are t be tasted, sme bks swallwed, and thers digested.
As we all knw, sme bks are t be tasted, sme bks _____ ______ _____ swallwed, and thers ____ ______ ______ digested.
3. Her pinin, whether right r wrng, is wrthy f ur attentin.
Her pinin, whether _____ ______ right r wrng, is wrthy f ur attentin.
4. Althugh he was frightened, he managed t run away.
Althugh ________, he managed t run away.
5. He came acrss the picture while he was n a visit t New Yrk.
He came acrss the picture while ______ _______ _______ _______ New Yrk.
6. The captain advised the sldier nt t say anything unless he was asked.
The captain advised the sldier nt t say anything _____ ______.
7. Yu shuld d as yu were tld t.
Yu shuld d as _____ ______.
8. Thugh lacking mney, his parents managed t send him t university.
Thugh _____ ______ mney, his parents managed t send him t university.
9. After eating my dinner quickly I went t the railway statin t see my friend ff.
______ _____ _______ my dinner quickly I went t the railway statin t see my friend ff.
10. It shames me t say it, but I tld a lie when I was questined at the meeting by my bss.
It shames me t say it, but I tld a lie ______ _______ at the meeting by my bss.
11. Generally speaking, when taken accrding t the directins, the drug has n side effect.
Generally speaking, when ______ _______ _______ accrding t the directins, the drug has n side effect.
12. The research is s designed that nce begun nthing can be dne t change it.
The research is s designed that ______ ______ ______ ______ nthing can be dne t change it.
III. 从下列所给的A、B、C、D四个答案中选出最佳答案。
1. (上海春招XXXX) It is imaginatin makes the wrld clrful, full f vigr and vitality.
A．whereB．what C．thatD．when
2. (上海春招XXXX) David said that it was because f his strng interest in literature ___ he chse the curse.
A. that B. what C. why D. hw
3. (湖北XXXX) It was ______ back hme after the experiment.
A. nt until midnight did he g B. until midnight that he didn’t g
C. nt until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didn’t g
4. （上海XXXX）Why! I have nthing t cnfess. _____ yu want me t say?
A. What is it that B. What it is that C. Hw is it that D. Hw it is that
5. (上海春招XXXX) It was because f bad weather the ftball match had t be put ff.
A. s B. s that C. why D. that
6. （NMETXXXX）It wasn’t until nearly a mnth later ____ I received the manager’s reply.
A. since B. when C. as D. that
7. (上海XXXX) Why! I have nthing t cnfess. _____ yu want me t say?
A. What is it that B. What it is that C. Hw is it that D. Hw it is that
8. （上海XXXX）It is these pisnus prducts ______ can cause the symptms f the flu, such as headache and aching muscles.
A. wh B. that C. hw D. what
9. (上海春招XXXX) It was fr this reasn _________ her uncle mved ut f New Yrk and settled dwn in a small village.
A．which B．why C．that D．hw
10. It is the ability t d the jb ____ matters nt where yu cme frm r what yu are.
A. ne B. that C. what D. it
KEYS:
I.1. being persuaded 2. clean
3 . t type 4. wear
5 . wearing 6 . repaired
7. t help repair 8. t help
in; were put; in; was put 2. are t be; are t be
3.it is 4. frightened
5. n a visit t 6. unless asked
7 tld t 8 . they lacked
After I ate 10. when questined
11. it is taken 12. nce it is begun
III. 1-5 CACAD 6-10 DABCB
Key pint preview要点预览
1
典句展示： When asked abut the secret f his success, Steven Spielberg said that he wes much f his success and happiness t his wife and children.
When drinking t smene’s health, yu raise yur glasses, but the glasses shuld nt tuch.
2
典句展示：When yu see tw spns, the big ne is fr the sup and the small ne fr the dessert.
3
典句展示：Why nt …
4
We will nt let ur hliday and culture be destryed, and we will d everything we can t save ur city!
5
典句展示：It was frm the early 1990s that scientists started t develp new techniques t increase agricultural prductin withut harming the envirnment.