高考英语语法词汇专项突破：01重点句型展示 高频考点解读+巩固练习+答案

这是一份高考英语语法词汇专项突破：01重点句型展示 高频考点解读+巩固练习+答案，共8页。试卷主要包含了典句展示等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1．典句展示： JOHN: I dn’t enjy singing, nr d I like cmputers.
JOE: Rck music is OK, and s is skiing.
考点点拨：句型“neither/nr d sb.”的意思是某种不适用于前者的情况，同样“也不适用于后者”，要用部分倒装结构，同时要注意前后句中的谓语动词保持一致，如第一个句子。S d sb表示适用于前者的情况，同样“也适用于后者”，也用部分倒装结构，如第二句。如果后者的主语与前者一致，则是对前者进一步强调。
典例回顾：
考例1）：--- I reminded yu nt t frget the appintment.
--- ______. (江西XXXX)
A. S yu did B. S I d nt C. S did yu D. S d I (选A)
考例2）：--- It’s burning ht tday, isn’t it?
--- Yes. ______ yesterday. (福建XXXX)
A. S was it B. S it was D. S it is D. S it it (选A)
考例3）：--- Maggie had a wnderful time at the party.
--- ______, and s did I. （安徽XXXX）
A. S she had B. S had she C. S she did D. S did she (选C)
考例4）： Mary never des any reading in the evening, ____. (NMETXXXXIII)
A. s des Jhn B. Jhn des t
C. Jhn desn’t t D. nr des Jhn (选D)
知识拓展：
1）本结构中一般情况下neither与nr通用，但是如果所表示否定的是两者或两者以上，或表示否定的是另外一件事情，既谓语已不是同一动词，则用nr，而不用neither。如：I have n mney, nr d I knw whm I can brrw sme frm.
Her expressin made him puzzled, nr happiness, nr anger, nr any he had prepared fr.
2) 当是并列句时，用s it be with sb./sth.结构表示，注意with后代词用宾格。如：
----- I like English but I dn’t knw hw I can learn it well.
---- S it is with me.
2．典句展示： With s many peple cmmunicating in English every day, it will becme mre and mre imprtant t have a gd knwledge f English.
考点点拨：“with+ 复合宾语”在句中主要作状语，可以表示时间、原因、方式、伴随、结果或程度等。常见的七种形式：with+名词/代词+形容词/副词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/不定式/名词等。
典例回顾：
考例1）：It was a pity that the great writer died ______ his wrks unfinished. (福建XXXX)
A. fr B. with C. frm D. f （选B）
点拨：题干的his wrks unfinished是“名词+形容词”，属于复合宾语，而备选项中仅有with可以跟复合宾语。故选B。
考例2）： _______ tw exams t wrry abut, I have t wrk really hard this weekend.
(北京XXXX)
*A. With B. Besides C. As fr D. because f （选A）
点拨：“with+名词+不定式”作原因状语，不定式表示将来。
考例3）：(NMETXXXX) ______ prductin up by 60%, the cmpany has had anther excellent year.
A. As B. Fr C. With D. Thugh （选C）
点拨：“with+名词+副词”作原因状语。
知识拓展：
1) 本结构中的with 有“随着”的意思，但是由于with是介词，所以不可以连接句子，而as表示“随着”的意思时是连词，所以可以跟从句。试比较：
With time ging n, he became mre and mre anxius.
As time went n, he became mre and mre anxius.
2) with后所跟的宾补如果是非谓语动词，要注意其逻辑主语，即与其中的名词或代词的逻辑关系。试比较：
He lay there, with his eyes fixed upn the ceiling.
He lay there, with his eyes lking at the ceiling.
3．典句展示： Yet there are ther reasns why peple travel.
考点点拨：本句是定语从句语法内容，但是对于reasn why来说已经是一个相对固定的句型，意思是“……的原因”，其中的reasn是先行词，关系副词why在所引导的定语从句中作状语。关系词在从句中作主语或宾语时，就要用that或which，而且作宾语也可以省掉。
典例回顾：（上海春招XXXX）Is this the reasn _____ at the meeting fr his carelessness in his wrk?
A. he explained B. what he explained C. hw he explained D. why he explained
（选A）
简析：从所给的被选项中可以看出定语从句中的及物动词 explain后缺少宾语，所以应该是关系代词，根据先行词是指物的名词reasn,因此可以用which或that，同时，作宾语的which或that又可以省掉，故选A。再如：
The reasn that (which / ) he gave us fr being absent frm the meeting is unbelievable.
他所给我们提供的没有参加会议的理由不可信。
知识拓展：下列与why有关的句型要引起注意。
1）The reasn is that…. 如：
The reasn is that he didn’t catch the fist train.
解读：that从句说明reasn的内容，引导表语从句。不可以用why或because，否则语意重复。
再如：（U5 Reading 31）The reasn why he culd nt g there was that his grades were t lw.
2) That’s why… 如：
He didn’t catch the first train. That’s why he was late fr schl again.
解读：why引导的表语从句表示结果。
3) That’s because… 如：
He was late fr schl again. That’s because he didn’t catch the first train.
解读：because引导的表语从句表示原因。
4) the reasn that…(同位语从句) 如：
考例：Nbdy believed his reasn fr being absent frm the class _____ he had t meet his uncle at the airprt. (重庆XXXX)
A. why B. that C. where D. because (选B)
解读：首先采用消元法把fr being absent frm the class去掉，剩下的就是the reasn___…，可以看出后面的句子表示理由，说明reasn的具体内容，所以选B作同位语，that本身不作成分。
4．典句展示： She was s surprised that she culdn’t mve.
考点点拨： s+形容词/副词+that…表示结果，在句中作结果状语，意思是“如此……以至于……”。也可以用s+形容词+a(an)+单数名词，s+many/few+复数名词；s+much /little+ 不可数名词。
典例回顾：这部有关第一次世界大战的历史小说引人入胜，我简直爱不释手。（s…that）
（上海XXXX.翻译）
译文：The histrical nvel abut/describing Wrld War I / the First Wrld War is s attractive that I can’t bear (t d …)/stand parting with it / putting it dwn (back , aside )/ leaving it aside
知识拓展：
1）S+形容词/副词+ 助动词+主语+动词…+that…
考例：(福建XXXX) _______ hmewrk did we have t d that we had n time t take a rest.
A. S much B. T much C. T little D. S little （选A）
解读：如果s+形容词/副词 置于句首，则s…that… 用部分倒装结构。
2) such…that…
与s…that…意思相同，不同的是s作副词，而such是形容词，所用结构有：such+形容词+不可数名词/可数名词复数；such+a(an) +形容词+可数名词单数。但是all, n, ne, few, several, sme, any 等应置于such前。
考例1）：His plan was such a gd ne _____ we all agree t accept it. (陕西XXXX)
A. as B. that C. s D. and (选B)
考例2）：(上海XXXX) We were in ____ when we left that we frgt the airline tickets.
A. a rush s anxius B. a such anxius rush
C. s an anxius rush D. such an anxius rush (选D)
3) such…as…
本句是定语从句，关系代词as引导定语从句用于that same as, such…as等结构中，as在所引导的定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，而that在所引导的结果状语从句中不作成分。试比较：He has such a gd ntebk cmputer as I want t buy.
He has such a gd ntebk cmputer that I want t buy ne.
解读：前句意思是“我想买一个像他的那样好的手提电脑”。as是关系代词引导定语从句，作从句中及物动词buy的宾语；后句的意思是“他有一台那么好的电脑，以至于我也想买一台。”，that引导结果状语从句，从句中不作成分。
典句展示：But there was nthing that culd stp Oprah.
考点点拨：“there be”句型结构实际上就是平时所说的表示存在“有”的意思的一种结构，用来表示在什么时间或在什么地方存在什么事物，本结构中的there没有实际意义，本句也是一种倒装结构，句中的主语并不是there，而是最靠近be动词的名词或代词，在主谓一致关系中常用接近原则。请注意以下考点：
(1)“there be”句型基本特点
句型中的there不可以换成it，否则就体现不出“有”的意思了。 不能使用表示“所有”概念的have，但是作为助动词的have例外，当然还可以跟情态动词等。如：
典例回顾：(上海XXXX) What a pity my new cmputer desn’t wrk. _____ must be smething wrng with it.
A. It B. There C. This D. That (选B)
解读：由计算机不能正常运行了可以推断“肯定出问题了”，所以此处的must是表示肯定的推测，根据句意判定是there be句型，故选Ｂ。
典例回顾：(上海春招XXXX) Since yu have repaired my TV set, _____ is n need fr me t buy a new ne.
A. it B. there C. this D. that (选B)
解读：本题含有句型：There is n need fr sb. t d sth.意思是“对某人来说做某事是没有必要的”，故选Ｂ。
(2) there be在反意疑问句中的运用
反意疑问句的陈述部分是there be句型时，附加问句的主语用there，谓语部分用be动词，谓语动词的单复数形式与陈述部分保持一致。
典例回顾：(上海XXXX) There was a lud scream frm the backstage immediately after the cncert ended, ______ ?
A. wasn’t there B. was there C. didn’t itD. did it （选Ａ）
解读：在主从复合句中一般根据主句确定附加问句部分。本句的主句是there be句型，根据前面的There was可以推出用wasn’t there。故选A。
there be句型在独立主格中的运用
在独立主格中，there be句型要用there作逻辑主语，而把be动词调整为being或t be即可。这时的独立主格结构可以作状语、主语或宾语。如：
典例回顾：________ n bus, we had t g t schl n ft.
A. There being B. There was C. It was D. It being （选Ａ）
点拨：本句如果用主从复合句的形式，则是:Because there was n bus, we had t g t schl n ft.从句意可以看出是“有”的意思，排除C、D，如果选B，则两个句子中间没有连词连接，所以只可以选A，是独立主格结构。
再如：In that case it is pssible fr there t be n escape frm the building.
那样的话,从大楼里逃出来是不可能的。
知识拓展：
可以用该句型的其它词有seem t be/ exist/ live/ stand/ remain/ lie/enter等。要注意这些词的否定形式或疑问形式要借助于助动词d。如：
a. There seems t be smething with my bicycle.
我的自行车好像有毛病。
b. Once there lived a king wh cared mre abut new clthes than anything else.
从前，有一个喜欢新衣服的皇帝。
c. There entered an ld man with a by f nt mre than twelve, didn’t there?
一位老人进来了，带着一个不超过十二岁的男孩，不是吗？
牛刀小试
I. 句型转换：在不改变句子原意的情况下转换下列各句，注意每空只能填一个词。
1. The first ne was nt gd; neither was the secnd (ne).
The first ne was nt gd. The secnd (ne) _____ _____ ______ _______.
2. Yu are an engineer; s is she.
Yu are an engineer. She is _____ ______, ______.
3. When I was yung, I used t sleep with the windw pen
When I was yung, I used t sleep, keeping _____ _____ _____
4. ---- Did he hear the explsin last night? ----Indeed he did.
--- He heard explsin last night. --- _____ ______ _______.
5. As the final examinatin appraches, my cusin is getting less and less cnfident.
_______ the final examinatin _________, my cusin is getting less and less cnfident.
II. 把系列各句的汉语提示，把下列各句补充完整，注意每空一词。
1. 玛丽会讲汉语, 她的兄弟也会讲汉语。
Mary can ________ _______; _______ _______ her brther.
2. 我坐在一把有网眼的新式椅子上等候着。
I sat dwn n ne f thse mdern chairs ______ _______ _______ _______ and ________.
3. 金刚石在阳光下放出五颜六色的光芒。
The diamnd shne ______ every hue _____ _______ _______.
4. 有三个朋友在那儿等我，我不得不离开了。
With ______ _______ _______ ________ _______ there, I have t leave nw.
5. 作为老人，我常常是手拿拐棍走路。
As an ld man, I ften walk _______ ______ _______ _______ _______ ________ .
III. 单句改错：下列个句都有一处错误，分多词少词错词三种，请指出并改正。(注意：要遵循高考试题中的短文改错的改法)
1. S difficult I find it t wrk ut the prblem that I decided t ask Tm fr advice.
2. In fact, a such dictinary is enugh. Yu needn’t have asked him fr help.
3. We are nt s fls that we believe him.
4. The directr f the village factry wrks with such a enthusiasm as if he never knew tiredness.
5. When she was in Beijing she bught such a beautiful diamnd necklace that I want t get.
6. There are reasns why this great interest in the ideas, feelings, and actins f yuth.
7. The reasn fr this is because this plane is als a bicycle.
8. She is ill. That is she has eaten bad meat.
9. He missed the first train this mrning. The reasn which he stayed up t late last night was believable.
10. It is s quiet in the rm as yu can hear the drp f a pin.
IV. 从下列所给的A、B、C、D四个答案中选出最佳答案。
1. (上海春招XXXX) ______ is n pssibility ______ Bb can win the first prize in the match.
A. There…that B. It…that C. There…whether D. It…whether
2. ________ many great changes in ur hmetwn since then.
A. It has been B. It is C. There have D. There have been
3. __________ mre than twenty wrkers, r they culdn’t have finished it s quickly.
A. There must have been B. It must have been
C. There are D. There had
4. _______ five chairs, s we dn’t need any mre.
A. There t have been B. There have been C. There has been D. There is
5. There stands a big tree in frnt f the teaching building, ________?
A. isn’t there B. isn’t it C. desn’t it D. desn’t there
6. --- ______ any need fr yu t g there?
A. Are there B. Is there C. Is it D. Are they
7. There are mre than frty engineers in yur factry, _______?
A. aren’t they B. dn’t there C. aren’t there D. are they
8. She denied ________ there being any misunderstanding between them.
A. there t be B. it being C. there being D. there are
9. ________ a few trees between the green and me.
A. There seem t be B. It seem t be C. There seem being D. It seem being
10. ________ There being sme fd n the table, I dn’t think it’s necessary fr yu t take any.
A. There are B. There being C. There is D. Being
KEYS:
1. was nt gd either 2. an engineer; t 3. the windw pen
4. S he did 5. With; appraching
II.1. speak Chinese; s can 2. with hles in it; waited
3. with; in the sun 4. three friends waiting fr me
5. with a stick in my hand
III. 1. 在I前加上did 2. a改为ne
3. s改为such 4 .把such 后的a删掉
5. 把that改为as或在get后 加上ne 6. why改为fr
7. because改为that 8. 在第二句的she 前加上because
9. 把which改为that 10. as改为that
IV. 1-5 ADABD 6-10 BCCAB
Key pint preview要点预览
1
典句展示： JOHN: I dn’t enjy singing, nr d I like cmputers.
JOE: Rck music is OK, and s is skiing.
2
With s many peple cmmunicating in English every day, it will becme mre and mre imprtant t have a gd knwledge f English.
3
Yet there are ther reasns why peple travel
4
She was s surprised that she culdn’t mve.
5
But there was nthing that culd stp Oprah.