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牛津译林版八年级英语上册 Unit7 Seasons Period 3 Grammar 课件
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这是一份牛津译林版八年级英语上册 Unit7 Seasons Period 3 Grammar 课件，共60页。
Unit7 SeasonsPeriod 3Grammar课前自主预习parkrowmistakeamazedamazingin the cornerhave a T-shirt onkeep quiethave a day offall over the world交通高峰期在最后一排把···误认为···to avoid the rush hour a lot of trafficspace to parkkept cominghadbeen onmistook her for课文呈现Verbs and sentence structuresThe basic parts of a sentence are the subject (S)， the verb (V) and the object(O). Usually a statement begins with the subject and the verb. We divide verbs into three kinds： intransitive verbs (vi.)，transitive verbs (vt.) and linking verbs (linking v).An intransitive verb does not take an object. The sentence structure is like this：不及物动词不带宾语，句子结构如下：S＋V → The temperature drops.SVA transitive verb takes an object. The verb tells us what the subject does to something else (the object). The sentence structure is like this：S＋V＋O → Farmers harvest crops.SVO 及物动词接受宾语。动词告诉我们主语对其他事物(宾语)做了什么。句子结构是这样的：A linking verb links the subject and the adjective phrase or noun phrase that describes it. 连接动词把主语和描述主语的形容词短语或名词短语连接起来。S＋V＋P → Autumn leaves turn brown.A word or a group of words that follows a linking verb is the predicative (P).The sentence structure is like this： 连接动词后面的一个词或一组词是谓语(P).句子结构是这样的：SVPWriting about the seasons A ▶ Millie is writing about the seasons. Help her underline the verb in each sentence and write down the main structure of the sentence.1 We have four seasons. ____________________2 They are quite different. ____________________3 Spring is warm and sunny. ____________________4 We fly kites. ____________________5 We like summer. ____________________6 Ice cream tastes nice. ____________________7 Autumn arrives. ____________________8 Snow falls. ____________________S＋V＋OS＋V＋PS＋V＋PS＋V＋OS＋V＋OS＋V＋PS＋VS＋VSome transitive verbs can take two objects， the direct object (DO) and the indirect object (IO).The sentence structure is like this：S＋V＋IO＋DO → Hobo brought Eddie his clothes.SVIODOWe can change the structure S＋V＋IO＋DO with to.我们可以用 to 来改变结构 S＋V ＋ IO ＋ DO。 Hobo gave Eddie some ice cream.→ Hobo gave some ice cream to Eddie.We can change the structure S＋V＋IO＋DO with for.我们可以用 for 改变结构 S＋V＋IO＋DO。 Hobo built Eddie a tent.→ Hobo built a tent for Eddie.S＋V＋DO＋OC → Eddie is watching Hobo work.The complement can also follow a direct object to rename or describe it， In this case， it is called the object complement (OC). The sentence structure is like this：SVDOOCWe can add an adverbial to each of the above five main structures. We use an adverbial to show when (adverbial of time)，where (adverbial of place) or how (adverbial of manner) an action is done. Hobo built Eddie a tent with sticks at the beach yesterday.B ▶ Amy keeps a weather diary. Read the sentences from her diary entries and describe the main structures of the underlined sentences. 艾米有一本天气日记，读她日记中的句子，描述下划线句子的主要结构。1 It was a perfect day today. There was not a cloud in the sky. Mum was making breakfast for me when I woke up this morning.2 The clouds became dark. They covered the sun. Luckily， it didn′t rain.SVPSVDOSV3 It was New Year s Day Mum and Dad gave me nice presents，but I was not happy. The rain was falling from morning till night. I hate rainy days.SVIODODOSVPSVDO4 The sun was shining. I saw some kids kicking the ball in the park. I caught a bad cold. I had a high fever and coughed a lot， so Mum took me to the hospital. It was an awful day!SVSVDOOC考点精讲[观察] People kept coming in，although/though the film had already been on for 15 minutes. 人们不断地进来，尽管这部电影已经开始了15分钟. He has been out for two days. 他已出门两天了. Tom has been away for a week. 汤姆离开一周了.[探究] have been可以与 away，back，in，on，out 等词连用，表示某种状态，可以与 for 或 since 等引导的表示时间段的时间状语连用.1. —I′m sorry for being late. —Never mind. The meeting _____ for only 5 minutes. This way，please. A. has begun B. has ended C. has been on D. has onC [解析] 考查现在完成时。表示“开始”的 begin 是短暂性动词，与一段时间连用时，要用延续性动词，故用 be on 替换。故选C。[观察] Some people mistook her for a real princess.有些人误以为她是一位真正的公主。[探究] mistake n.错误，过失；v.看错，误解 mistake···for··· 把···误认为···[拓展] make a mistake/make mistakes 意为“犯错，出错”，若表示“在某一方面出错”，用介词 in2. 这位男演员演技出众，常被误认为是个真警探. The actor acts so well _________________________ a real detective.that he is/he′s often mistaken for句型透视[探究] (1) keep doing sth 意为“继续做某事”，表示不间断地持续做某事. Keep passing the ball to each other，and you′ll be OK. 坚持互相传球，你们就没问题。 (2) 句中用延续性动词短语 be on 代替非延续性动词begin。非延续性动词可以与完成时连用，但不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，若要与表示一段时间的状语连用，通常用意义相当的延续性动词来替换。 I have kept the book for three months. I′ll return it this afternoon. 这本书我借三个月了，今天下午我要归还它。[拓展] (1) keep on doing sth 意为“持续做某事”. The pupil kept on asking me the same question. 这个学生不断地问我同一个问题。 (2) keep···from doing sth 意为“阻止/防止·····做某事” The heavy snow kept us from going out. 大雪使我们不能外出。(1) He kept _______ so that he could be in good health. A. exercise B. exercises C. exercising D. to exerciseC[解析] keep doing sth 意为“坚持做某事”。故选C.(2) — How long can a person _______ a shared bike(共享 单车) for free in Nanjing? — For an hour . A. keep B. get C. borrow D. lendA [解析] 考查动辨析。句意：“在南京一个人可以免费使用共享单车多长时间?”“个小时。”根据答语 for 引导的表示一段时间的时间状语可知用延续性动词，四个选项中只有 keep 是延续性动词。故选A。语法聚焦一、although 与though]]1．Though I like acting， I′d rather be a director. 虽然我喜欢表演，但我宁愿成为一名导演。 2．Colette insisted that Hepburn was the perfect girl for the lead role in Gigi， a play based upon her novel，although Hepburn had never played any major roles before. 《琪琪》这部戏是根据科莱特的小说改编的，科莱特坚持赫本是该戏主角的完美人选，尽管赫本之前从未出演过任何主要角色。● 1 although 和 though 都可以表示“虽然”.I don′t feel lonely although/though he is far away.虽然他不在我身边，但我不感到孤独。 l. though 一般用于正常语序，但也可以用于倒装语序：although 不用于倒装语序. Young though he is，he is quite experienced. 他虽然年轻，但颇有经验. He is not paid well although he works long hours. 他工作时间虽然很长，但收入并不高。 2. although，though 引导的让步状语从句不能和连词 but 连用，但可以跟yet和sti11等词连用. Although he had little，yet he was always happy. 虽然他拥有的少，但他总是(很)快乐. Although he has a familiar face，he is still a stranger to you! 虽然他的面孔看上去比较熟悉，但对你来说仍然是个陌生人! 1. ________Lily is only five year sold，________she can swim very well. A. Though；but B. Because；so C. Though； / D. /；soC [解析] 考查连词用法。句意：尽管莉莉只有五岁，但她能够游泳游得很好。通过分析句意可知前后两句在逻辑关系上是让步关系，英语中though与but 不能同时用于一个子中。故选C. 2.“A white elephant”means something that is useless，_________ it may cost a lot of money. A. unless B. until C. since D. althoughD 3. I still like my English teacher，________ she is very strict with us. A. so B. but C. though D. orC二、so···that···与such···that··· 1. I′m so good that I should be in Hollywood instead. 我这么优秀，倒是应该在好莱坞发展。 2. Millie is such a good storyteller that she can write exciting scripts. 米莉是一个讲故事的好手，她可以写激动人心的剧本。so···that···用于以下句型：so ＋ adj/adv. ＋ that···so ＋ adj. ＋ a/an ＋单数可数名词＋ that···so ＋ many/few ＋复数可数名词＋ that···so ＋ much/little(少) ＋不可数名词＋ that···● 1 so···that··· 和 such···that···常见结构比较：···such···that···用于以下句型： such＋a/an＋adj.＋单数可数名词＋that··· such＋adj. ＋复数可数名词＋that··· such＋adj. ＋不可数名词＋that··· such＋不可数名词＋that···This teacher is so kind that we all like him. 这位老师非常和蔼，我们都喜欢他。This is so interesting a book that we all enjoy reading it. 这本书非常有趣，我们都喜欢看。I have so little money that I cannot afford a car. 我的钱太少，买不起汽车。This is such an interesting book that we all enjoy reading it. 这本书非常有趣，我们都喜欢看。They are such interesting books that we all enjoy reading them. 这些书很有趣，我们都喜欢看。It was such bad weather that I had to stay at home. 天气太糟了，以至于我不得不待在家里。[拓展] 当单数可数名词前有形容词时，既可用so，也可用such，但不定冠词的位置却有所不同。 This is so important a meeting that you should attend it＝This is such an important meeting that you should attend it. 这是一次很重要的会议，你应该参加。 1.The movie is ________ wonderful _______ I want to see it again. A. too； to B. as；as C. so；that D. such；thatC 2. It was _______ pleasant surprise for the mother to see her son that had been missing for nearly ten years that she didn′t know what to say. A. so B. such a C. so a D. suchB3. It is _______ a beautiful garden we like to play in it. A. so； that B. such；that C. too； to D. very； thatB三、so that Hepburn spent her last few years working closely with UNICEF so that she could help poor children in different parts of the world. 赫本将她生命的最后几年花在了和联合国儿童基金会密切的工作中，以便她可以帮助世界不同地区的贫困儿童。● 1 so that 引导目的状语从句时，表示“以便；为了”，从句中常使用 can/could/may/might/will/ would /should 等情态动词或助动词： 引导结果状语从句时，从句中一般不用 can 和 may 等词，在 so that 前可以用逗号，意为“因此；所以，以至于”He got up very early so that he could catch the train.他起得很早，以便能赶上火车。(目的状语从句)He raised his voice，so that everyone heard him.他提高了嗓音，结果大家都听见了。(结果状语从句)—Mum，I took my partner′s Maths book home by mistake. What should I do?—We11，you should call her ____ you can say sorry to her. A.as if B.so that C. even though D. ever sinceB本课结束This lesson is overTHANKS!
Unit7 SeasonsPeriod 3Grammar课前自主预习parkrowmistakeamazedamazingin the cornerhave a T-shirt onkeep quiethave a day offall over the world交通高峰期在最后一排把···误认为···to avoid the rush hour a lot of trafficspace to parkkept cominghadbeen onmistook her for课文呈现Verbs and sentence structuresThe basic parts of a sentence are the subject (S)， the verb (V) and the object(O). Usually a statement begins with the subject and the verb. We divide verbs into three kinds： intransitive verbs (vi.)，transitive verbs (vt.) and linking verbs (linking v).An intransitive verb does not take an object. The sentence structure is like this：不及物动词不带宾语，句子结构如下：S＋V → The temperature drops.SVA transitive verb takes an object. The verb tells us what the subject does to something else (the object). The sentence structure is like this：S＋V＋O → Farmers harvest crops.SVO 及物动词接受宾语。动词告诉我们主语对其他事物(宾语)做了什么。句子结构是这样的：A linking verb links the subject and the adjective phrase or noun phrase that describes it. 连接动词把主语和描述主语的形容词短语或名词短语连接起来。S＋V＋P → Autumn leaves turn brown.A word or a group of words that follows a linking verb is the predicative (P).The sentence structure is like this： 连接动词后面的一个词或一组词是谓语(P).句子结构是这样的：SVPWriting about the seasons A ▶ Millie is writing about the seasons. Help her underline the verb in each sentence and write down the main structure of the sentence.1 We have four seasons. ____________________2 They are quite different. ____________________3 Spring is warm and sunny. ____________________4 We fly kites. ____________________5 We like summer. ____________________6 Ice cream tastes nice. ____________________7 Autumn arrives. ____________________8 Snow falls. ____________________S＋V＋OS＋V＋PS＋V＋PS＋V＋OS＋V＋OS＋V＋PS＋VS＋VSome transitive verbs can take two objects， the direct object (DO) and the indirect object (IO).The sentence structure is like this：S＋V＋IO＋DO → Hobo brought Eddie his clothes.SVIODOWe can change the structure S＋V＋IO＋DO with to.我们可以用 to 来改变结构 S＋V ＋ IO ＋ DO。 Hobo gave Eddie some ice cream.→ Hobo gave some ice cream to Eddie.We can change the structure S＋V＋IO＋DO with for.我们可以用 for 改变结构 S＋V＋IO＋DO。 Hobo built Eddie a tent.→ Hobo built a tent for Eddie.S＋V＋DO＋OC → Eddie is watching Hobo work.The complement can also follow a direct object to rename or describe it， In this case， it is called the object complement (OC). The sentence structure is like this：SVDOOCWe can add an adverbial to each of the above five main structures. We use an adverbial to show when (adverbial of time)，where (adverbial of place) or how (adverbial of manner) an action is done. Hobo built Eddie a tent with sticks at the beach yesterday.B ▶ Amy keeps a weather diary. Read the sentences from her diary entries and describe the main structures of the underlined sentences. 艾米有一本天气日记，读她日记中的句子，描述下划线句子的主要结构。1 It was a perfect day today. There was not a cloud in the sky. Mum was making breakfast for me when I woke up this morning.2 The clouds became dark. They covered the sun. Luckily， it didn′t rain.SVPSVDOSV3 It was New Year s Day Mum and Dad gave me nice presents，but I was not happy. The rain was falling from morning till night. I hate rainy days.SVIODODOSVPSVDO4 The sun was shining. I saw some kids kicking the ball in the park. I caught a bad cold. I had a high fever and coughed a lot， so Mum took me to the hospital. It was an awful day!SVSVDOOC考点精讲[观察] People kept coming in，although/though the film had already been on for 15 minutes. 人们不断地进来，尽管这部电影已经开始了15分钟. He has been out for two days. 他已出门两天了. Tom has been away for a week. 汤姆离开一周了.[探究] have been可以与 away，back，in，on，out 等词连用，表示某种状态，可以与 for 或 since 等引导的表示时间段的时间状语连用.1. —I′m sorry for being late. —Never mind. The meeting _____ for only 5 minutes. This way，please. A. has begun B. has ended C. has been on D. has onC [解析] 考查现在完成时。表示“开始”的 begin 是短暂性动词，与一段时间连用时，要用延续性动词，故用 be on 替换。故选C。[观察] Some people mistook her for a real princess.有些人误以为她是一位真正的公主。[探究] mistake n.错误，过失；v.看错，误解 mistake···for··· 把···误认为···[拓展] make a mistake/make mistakes 意为“犯错，出错”，若表示“在某一方面出错”，用介词 in2. 这位男演员演技出众，常被误认为是个真警探. The actor acts so well _________________________ a real detective.that he is/he′s often mistaken for句型透视[探究] (1) keep doing sth 意为“继续做某事”，表示不间断地持续做某事. Keep passing the ball to each other，and you′ll be OK. 坚持互相传球，你们就没问题。 (2) 句中用延续性动词短语 be on 代替非延续性动词begin。非延续性动词可以与完成时连用，但不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，若要与表示一段时间的状语连用，通常用意义相当的延续性动词来替换。 I have kept the book for three months. I′ll return it this afternoon. 这本书我借三个月了，今天下午我要归还它。[拓展] (1) keep on doing sth 意为“持续做某事”. The pupil kept on asking me the same question. 这个学生不断地问我同一个问题。 (2) keep···from doing sth 意为“阻止/防止·····做某事” The heavy snow kept us from going out. 大雪使我们不能外出。(1) He kept _______ so that he could be in good health. A. exercise B. exercises C. exercising D. to exerciseC[解析] keep doing sth 意为“坚持做某事”。故选C.(2) — How long can a person _______ a shared bike(共享 单车) for free in Nanjing? — For an hour . A. keep B. get C. borrow D. lendA [解析] 考查动辨析。句意：“在南京一个人可以免费使用共享单车多长时间?”“个小时。”根据答语 for 引导的表示一段时间的时间状语可知用延续性动词，四个选项中只有 keep 是延续性动词。故选A。语法聚焦一、although 与though]]1．Though I like acting， I′d rather be a director. 虽然我喜欢表演，但我宁愿成为一名导演。 2．Colette insisted that Hepburn was the perfect girl for the lead role in Gigi， a play based upon her novel，although Hepburn had never played any major roles before. 《琪琪》这部戏是根据科莱特的小说改编的，科莱特坚持赫本是该戏主角的完美人选，尽管赫本之前从未出演过任何主要角色。● 1 although 和 though 都可以表示“虽然”.I don′t feel lonely although/though he is far away.虽然他不在我身边，但我不感到孤独。 l. though 一般用于正常语序，但也可以用于倒装语序：although 不用于倒装语序. Young though he is，he is quite experienced. 他虽然年轻，但颇有经验. He is not paid well although he works long hours. 他工作时间虽然很长，但收入并不高。 2. although，though 引导的让步状语从句不能和连词 but 连用，但可以跟yet和sti11等词连用. Although he had little，yet he was always happy. 虽然他拥有的少，但他总是(很)快乐. Although he has a familiar face，he is still a stranger to you! 虽然他的面孔看上去比较熟悉，但对你来说仍然是个陌生人! 1. ________Lily is only five year sold，________she can swim very well. A. Though；but B. Because；so C. Though； / D. /；soC [解析] 考查连词用法。句意：尽管莉莉只有五岁，但她能够游泳游得很好。通过分析句意可知前后两句在逻辑关系上是让步关系，英语中though与but 不能同时用于一个子中。故选C. 2.“A white elephant”means something that is useless，_________ it may cost a lot of money. A. unless B. until C. since D. althoughD 3. I still like my English teacher，________ she is very strict with us. A. so B. but C. though D. orC二、so···that···与such···that··· 1. I′m so good that I should be in Hollywood instead. 我这么优秀，倒是应该在好莱坞发展。 2. Millie is such a good storyteller that she can write exciting scripts. 米莉是一个讲故事的好手，她可以写激动人心的剧本。so···that···用于以下句型：so ＋ adj/adv. ＋ that···so ＋ adj. ＋ a/an ＋单数可数名词＋ that···so ＋ many/few ＋复数可数名词＋ that···so ＋ much/little(少) ＋不可数名词＋ that···● 1 so···that··· 和 such···that···常见结构比较：···such···that···用于以下句型： such＋a/an＋adj.＋单数可数名词＋that··· such＋adj. ＋复数可数名词＋that··· such＋adj. ＋不可数名词＋that··· such＋不可数名词＋that···This teacher is so kind that we all like him. 这位老师非常和蔼，我们都喜欢他。This is so interesting a book that we all enjoy reading it. 这本书非常有趣，我们都喜欢看。I have so little money that I cannot afford a car. 我的钱太少，买不起汽车。This is such an interesting book that we all enjoy reading it. 这本书非常有趣，我们都喜欢看。They are such interesting books that we all enjoy reading them. 这些书很有趣，我们都喜欢看。It was such bad weather that I had to stay at home. 天气太糟了，以至于我不得不待在家里。[拓展] 当单数可数名词前有形容词时，既可用so，也可用such，但不定冠词的位置却有所不同。 This is so important a meeting that you should attend it＝This is such an important meeting that you should attend it. 这是一次很重要的会议，你应该参加。 1.The movie is ________ wonderful _______ I want to see it again. A. too； to B. as；as C. so；that D. such；thatC 2. It was _______ pleasant surprise for the mother to see her son that had been missing for nearly ten years that she didn′t know what to say. A. so B. such a C. so a D. suchB3. It is _______ a beautiful garden we like to play in it. A. so； that B. such；that C. too； to D. very； thatB三、so that Hepburn spent her last few years working closely with UNICEF so that she could help poor children in different parts of the world. 赫本将她生命的最后几年花在了和联合国儿童基金会密切的工作中，以便她可以帮助世界不同地区的贫困儿童。● 1 so that 引导目的状语从句时，表示“以便；为了”，从句中常使用 can/could/may/might/will/ would /should 等情态动词或助动词： 引导结果状语从句时，从句中一般不用 can 和 may 等词，在 so that 前可以用逗号，意为“因此；所以，以至于”He got up very early so that he could catch the train.他起得很早，以便能赶上火车。(目的状语从句)He raised his voice，so that everyone heard him.他提高了嗓音，结果大家都听见了。(结果状语从句)—Mum，I took my partner′s Maths book home by mistake. What should I do?—We11，you should call her ____ you can say sorry to her. A.as if B.so that C. even though D. ever sinceB本课结束This lesson is overTHANKS!
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