高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement当堂检测题

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement当堂检测题，共14页。试卷主要包含了5分,满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What has led Amy t success?
A.Her intelligence. B.Her effrt.
C.Her luck.
2.What des the wman think f Julia's teacher?
A.Gentle. B.Strict. C.Patient.
3.Where des the cnversatin take place?
A.At a gas statin.
B.In a pst ffice.
C.At a grcery stre.
4.Why is the man happy?
A.He gt a gd evaluatin.
B.He received an award fr his wrk.
C.He learned sme interpersnal skills.
5.What are the speakers talking abut?
A.An athlete. B.A prize. C.A sprting event.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题 5 秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A.Teacher and student.
B.Parent and child.
C.Bss and emplyee.
7.What des the wman prmise t d?
A.Take care f her hme affairs.
B.Hand in her 7th paper as quickly as pssible.
C.Turn in her next paper n schedule.
听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
8.What will the wman prbably d n the weekend?
A.Buy clthes. B.Watch mvies.
C.D hmewrk.
9.Hw will the man get t the cinema?
A.By car. B.By bus. C.By bike.
10.What kind f mvie will the speakers prbably see?
A.An actin mvie. B.A fantasy mvie.
C.A histrical mvie.
听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。
11.What will Tny d after lunch?
A.Meet a friend. B.D sme shpping.
C.Watch a ftball game.
12.What is banned in the city center nw?
A.Driving cars. B.Parking utside.
C.Eating n the street.
13.What des Tny think f the new rules?
A.They make life difficult.
B.They happened t sn.
C.They are an imprvement.
听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。
14.Why did the wman try a flying experience day?
A.Her friend persuaded her.
B.She decided t becme a pilt.
C.She expected t see her huse frm the sky.
15.What did the wman's instructr d during the flight?
A.She said little. B.She tld jkes.
C.She kept laughing.
16.What did the wman say abut the flight?
A.It made her very tired.
B.It seemed t last lng.
C.It was wrse than expected.
17.Which experience day wuld the wman like t try mst?
A.Sprts car driving. B.Deep-sea fishing.
C.Hrse riding.
听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。
18.Wh is Edward?
A.A captain. B.A man built by a scientist.
C.A children's stry character.
19.Accrding t the speaker, which was ne f Depp's mst ppular rles?
A.Jack Sparrw. B.The Mad Hatter.
C.Edward Scissrhands.
20.Why des the speaker think Depp is successful?
A.He's built his wn island.
B.He's wn an Academy Award.
C.He's earned a frtune as an actr.
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
It is that time f the year, when a handful f the wrld's leading schlars, scial activists and researchers are rewarded with what is ften cited as the mst prestigius acknwledgement f human effrts—the Nbel Prize. Here's a lk at wh has wn the prize and fr what.
Physilgy r Medicine
Swedish geneticist Svante Pääb wn the first Nbel Prize f the year, fr starting the field f ancient DNA studies. He is well-knwn fr extracting, sequencing, and analyzing ancient DNA frm Neanderthal bnes.
Physics
Alain Aspect, Jhn F. Clauser and Antn Zeilinger's wrk in quantum (量子) technlgy landed them the secnd Nbel Prize annunced in 2022. Althugh Aspect is frm France, Clauser frm the U.S., and Zeilinger frm Austria, the three separately perfrmed “grundbreaking experiments” as ne team. “Their results have cleared the way fr new technlgy,” the cmmittee stated.
Chemistry
The Nbel Prize in Chemistry went t anther tri(三人组), Carlyn R. Bertzzi frm the U.S., Mrten Meldal frm Denmark and K. Barry Sharpless frm the U.S. “fr the develpment f click chemistry and birthgnal chemistry,” the cmmittee stated. Dr. Bertzzi is the eighth wman chemist t be awarded the prize, while Dr. Sharpless is the fifth scientist t be awarded tw Nbel Prizes.
Ecnmic Sciences
The Nbel Memrial Prize in Ecnmic Sciences was awarded t three American ecnmists, Ben S. Bernanke, Duglas W. Diamnd and Philip H. Dybvig “fr research n banks and financial crises,” the Nbel Prize cmmittee annunced n Mnday. By studying the histry f American ecnmics, particularly the Great Depressin f the 1930s,they imprved hw we understand the rle f banks during times f hardship and the bank's impact n scietal functins.
21.What prize is related t the research n bnes?
A.Physilgy r Medicine. B.Chemistry.
C.Physics. D.Ecnmic Sciences.
22.Fr what study did Ben S. Bernanke, Duglas W. Diamnd and Philip H. Dybvig win the prize?
A.Abut scietal functins.
B.Abut the histry f America.
C.Abut banks and financial crises.
D.Abut the Great Depressin f the 1930s.
23.What d the prizes in physics, chemistry and ecnmic sciences have in cmmn?
A.Their winners are frm different cuntries.
B.They have three winners.
C.They imprve new technlgy.
D.They help peple understand hardship.
B
Jhn vn Neumann was the ldest f the three children f a banker, and his speed f learning new ideas and slving prblems std ut early. At 17, his father tried t persuade him nt t becme a mathematician because he might lead a pr life being a mathematician, s vn Neumann agreed t study chemistry as well. In 1926, at 23, he received a degree in Chemical Engineering and a PhD in mathematics. Frm then n, mathematics prvided well enugh fr him, and he never had t turn t chemistry.
In 1930, vn Neumann visited Princetn University fr a year and then became a prfessr there. His first bk was published in 1932. In 1930, the Institute fr Advanced Study was frmed, and in 1933 he became ne f the six full-time peple in the Schl f Mathematics (Einstein was ne f the thers).
Wrld War Ⅱ(1931-1945) hugely changed vn Neumann's areas f interest. Until 1940 he had been a great pure mathematician. After 1940, he became ne f the best mathematicians wh put mathematical theries int practice. During the last part f the war he became interested in cmputing machines and made several fundamental cntributins. After the war, vn Neumann cntinued his wrk with cmputers, and was generally very active in gvernment service. He received many awards, was president f the American Mathematical Sciety and was a member f the Atmic Energy Cmmissin. He died f cancer in 1957.
Vn Neumann made several great cntributins and any ne f them wuld have been enugh t earn him a firm place in histry. He will be remembered as ne f the greatest minds f the 20th century.
Vn Neumann really was a legend in his wn time, and there are a number f stries abut him. His driving ability is a part f his legend. He reprted ne accident this way: “I was driving dwn the rad. The trees n the right were passing me in an rderly fashin at 60 miles per hur. Suddenly ne f them stepped in my path.”
24.Why did Jhn vn Neumann als learn chemistry?
A.His father didn't trust his talent fr mathematics.
B.He believed he culd live a wealthy life learning chemistry.
C.His father wrried abut his incme as a mathematician.
D.He had the gift fr slving prblems at a high speed.
25.Hw ld was Jhn vn Neumann when he published his first bk?
A.25. B.26. C.29. D.32.
26.Hw did Wrld War Ⅱ affect Jhn vn Neumann?
A.He realized the imprtance f engineering.
B.He began t research hw t put mathematics int practice.
C.He left cllege and served at the gvernment department.
D.He was n lnger interested in chemistry.
27.Which f the fllwing can best describe Jhn vn Neumann?
A.Intelligent and humrus. B.Smart but indecisive.
C.Brave and calm. D.Kind and easy-ging.
C
The Tanzanian writer Abdulrazak Gurnah, whse experience f crssing cntinents and cultures plays a vital rle in his nvels abut the impact f migratin(移居) n individuals and scieties, wn the 2021 Nbel Prize in Literature.
Brn in 1948 n the island f Zanzibar, Abdulrazak Gurnah never cnsidered the pssibility that he might ne day be a writer. “It never ccurred t me,”he said in an interview. “It wasn't smething yu culd say as yu were grwing up.”He assumed he wuld becme “smene like an engineer”. In 1964, a vilent uprising(暴动) frced Gurnah t flee t England. Unhappy, pr and hmesick, he began t write dwn thughts in his diary and then stries abut ther peple. Thse writings as well as the habit f writing gave rise t his first nvel, then nine mre.
In almst all f his wrks, Gurnah has tried t uncver the way in which clnialism(殖民政策) has changed everything in the wrld, and peple wh are living thrugh it are still prcessing that experience and sme f its wunds. “The thing that mtivated the whle experience f writing fr me was this idea f lsing my place in the wrld,” he said.
Anders Olssn, chairman f the Nbel Cmmittee fr Literature, called him ne f the wrld's mst extrardinary pst-clnial writers. He said it was crucial that Gurnah's rts are in Zanzibar, a place that had peple frm different cuntries, and was influenced by their cultures lng befre glbalizatin.
It is f great significance fr Africa-brn Gurnah t be awarded the Nbel Prize in Literature, which has been ccupied by Eurpean and Nrth American writers since it was funded in 1901.
28.What d we learn abut Abdulrazak Gurnah frm Paragraph 2?
A.He aimed t be a writer while yung.
B.His habit f writing cntributed t his career.
C.He fled away t England fr plitical reasns.
D.His earlier stries were mainly abut hmesickness.
29.What des the underlined wrd “mtivated” mean in Paragraph 3?
A.Inspired. B.Persuaded. C.Cmbined. D.Frecast.
30.What is the reasn fr Gurnah's winning the Nbel Prize?
A.He is a Tanzanian writer.
B.He suffers t much all his life.
C.His rich experience and cultural backgrund cunt.
D.His nvels invlve clnialism and the pr life f peple.
31.What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A.A Wrldwide Nvelist Rted in Tanzania
B.The Dream f Becming a Pst-clnial Writer
C.Abdulrazak Gurnah Wn the Nbel Prize in Literature
D.The Influence f Migratin n Individuals and Scieties
D
Kenya has been at the frefrnt f the glbal war n plastic since 2017, when fficials utlawed plastic bags. In 2020, the gvernment raised the demand with a ban n single-use plastic. Unfrtunately, tns f industrial and cnsumer plastic wastes cntinue t get pured int landfills daily. Hwever, if 29-year-ld Nzambi Matee has her way, the unsightly plastic garbage muntain will sn be transfrmed int clrful bricks.
The material engineer's search fr an effective slutin t cntrlling plastic pllutin began in 2017, when she set up a small lab in her backyard. It tk her nine mnths t prduce the first brick and even lnger t cnvince a partner t help build the machinery t make bricks.
She says, “I wanted t use my educatin in applied physics and material engineering t d smething abut plastic waste pllutin. But I knew the slutin had t be practical, sustainable and affrdable. The best way t d this was by channeling the waste int the cnstructin space and finding the mst efficient and affrdable material t build hmes.”
Her cmpany, Gjenge Makers, nw hires 112 peple and prduces ver 1,500 bricks a day, which are made using a mix f plastic prducts that can't be reprcessed r recycled. The cllected plastic is btained directly frm factries r picked by hired lcals frm landfills and mixed with sand, heated at very high temperatures, and cmpressed (压缩) int bricks that vary in clr and thickness. The resulting prduct is strnger, lighter, and abut 30 percent cheaper than traditinal cncrete (混凝土的) bricks. Mst imprtantly, it helps repurpse the lwest quality f plastic.
Matee is recgnized as ne f the Yung Champins f the Earth 2020—the United Natins' highest envirnmental hnr. Her dream is t reduce rubbish by increasing prductin and expanding her fferings, which is far frm dne. She says, “The mre plastic we recycle, the mre affrdable husing we mre emplyment we create fr the yuth.”
32.Which wrd best describes the Kenyan gvernment's measures against plastic?
A.Temprary. B.Effective.
C.Fruitless. D.Unreliable.
33.What d we knw abut Matee?
A.She turns knwledge int actual prducts.
B.Her cmpany is funded by the gvernment.
C.She prduces brick-making machinery by herself.
D.Her bricks are made frm recyclable plastic wastes.
34.What's the greatest strength f Matee's resulting prduct?
A.Its lw csts. B.Its wide range f use.
C.Its ecnmic benefit. D.Its envirnmental value.
35.What des the last paragraph mainly tell us?
A.Matee's achievement.
B.Matee's greater ambitin.
C.Multiple challenges Matee faces.
D.Innvative slutins t plastic wastes.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Regardless f hw ld yu are, where yu live, r what yur career gals are, yur final bjectives in life are likely t be happy and successful. 36 . It means fllwing yur passins, living purpsefully, and enjying the present mment. The fllwing may help yu.
Live purpsefully. In rder t achieve yur dreams and be the persn yu want t be, yu will have t start paying attentin t yur actins. Ask yurself, “Is what I'm ding ging t lead me t where I want t be in life?” Yu may find yurself cnstantly bred in yur free time, daydreaming abut the future r past r cunting dwn until the day ends. 37 .
Identify yur passins. Befre yu can achieve success, yu will have t define what success means t yu. 38 . Identifying yur passins, interests, and values will help yu set gals and give yur life a sense f meaning. If yu have truble identifying these things, then ask a friend r family member t help yu.
39 . Be sure t address bth shrt-term and lng-term gals. Yu shuld try t think beynd financial and career gals, such as relatinship gals, persnal gals fr bettering yurself, things yu wuld like t experience, r things yu want t learn. And then, draw up a timeline that says when yu want t achieve each part.
Stick t yur prmises. Planning is nt sufficient and it is als vital t keep yur wrd. If yu tell smene yu will d smething, d it. Similarly, dn't tell smene yu will d smething if yu're nt sure yu can. 40 . Dn't prmise anyne what yu can't d.
A.Yu shuld be hnest abut yur limits
B.Try t set sme lng-term gals and reach them
C.There are sme tips that can help yu achieve yur gals
D.It may take several years t realize what yur passins are
E.Try t spend yur free time ding things that yu enjy ding
F.Make a list f yur gals and what yu might d t achieve them
G.T be successful means mre than just having mney and making yur mark
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Farming and Gardening
Agriculture has a lng histry in China. Much f the wisdm 41 by early Chinese scientists is still useful t farmers and gardeners tday. One f China's early agricultural scientists was Jia Sixie, wh lived in the sixth century AD. He spent his time ding 42 int agriculture. He cllected infrmatin, did experiments and learnt frm the 43 f farmers.
Arund 540 AD, he wrte a bk called Qimin Yashu. The bk is abut bth farming and 44 . It includes advice n the fllwing 45 : grwing green vegetables and fruit trees, and keeping animals. Jia Sixie's bk is a practical guide t farming. Firstly, as a farmer yu shuld d things at the right time f year. If yu sw seeds and 46 yung plants in the fields at the crrect time f year, yur wrk will be less and the 47 will be better. The 48 f the sil is als very imprtant. Examine the sil n yur farm 49 . If the cnditin f yur sil is nt gd, yu shuld imprve it. Befre swing r planting crps, yu must clean rugh grund and 50 weeds. The best harvest is reached when farmers 51 the crps in their fields. Fr example, d nt plant wheat 52 in the same field. But if yu plant sya in a field ne year and wheat in the field the next year, yu will 53 gd crps. Other scientists said that wheat shuld be planted with 54 between the plants, but Jia did experiments and 55 that planting wheat clse tgether was better.
B.recvered C.reprted D.repeated
B.research C.experiment D.statistics
B.advantages
C.traditin D.experience
B.gardening C.prduce D.trade
B.bjectives C.subjects D.events
B.increase C.grw D.thrw
B.endings C.hpes D.results
B.situatin C.cnditin D.additin
B.carefully
C.gradually D.frequently
B.disturb C.increase D.reduce
B.imprve C.manage D.change
after anther B.here and there
C.nw and then D.year after year
B.cllect C.harvest D.exprt
B.lines C.space D.balance
B.meant C.intended D.decided
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When the actin mvie Wlf Warrirs Ⅱbrke China's bx-ffice recrds in 2017, a less prminent(突出的) figure unexpectedly left a strng 56 (impress) n the audience—a military scientist 57 (call) Dr. Chen wh develped a vaccine(疫苗) against a deadly virus spreading acrss Africa.
In 2015, a real military scientist, Dr. Chen Wei, 58 (send) frm China t Africa t fight against the deadly Ebla virus. The nly difference between the tw figures is 59 the real Dr. Chen is a she.
When SARS brke ut in China in 2003, Dr. Chen and her team islated the virus and identified the cause f the disease withut delay. 60 (luck), the effrts devted by them prevented abut 14,000 frnt-line medical wrkers frm getting infected.
After SARS, the frward-lking wman shifted her attentin t Ebla 61 claimed ver 10,000 lives wrldwide. In 2015, she and her team went t Sierra Lene and started their secnd phase f clinical experiments. Thrugh trial and errr, her vaccine has prven safe and 62 (effect), and been widely administered(给予) t staff assigned t help peple in Africa.
Dr. Chen has spent much f her time 63 (fight) against life-threatening viruses. “We have n chice but 64 (win),” she said. And she made 65 .
56. 57. 58. 59. 60.
61. 62. 63. 64. 65.
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是中学生李华,你校正在举办以“我最喜爱的农业科学家”为主题的征文活动,请你根据下面要点提示,描述你所喜欢的农业科学家,内容包括:
1.谁是你最喜欢的农业科学家;
2.这位科学家对人类所做的贡献;
3.你的感想或希望。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.开头已给出,不计入总词数。
My Favurite Agricultural Scientist
Of s many famus scientists all ver the wrld, I admire

















第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Pr Jack lst his sight at the age f six after a car accident. He was crnered in his dark wrld. An already terrible life lked cmpletely hpeless. His mther tried t encurage him, but nthing she said culd help him at all.
Later Jack did nthing but lie in bed, sighing all day. His mther felt miserable, telling him t live with his disability, wrk hard and change his life n his wn. She said, “Sn, since yu have lst yur sight and nthing can change that, yu have t accept it. There are things yu can't d. But there are lts f things yu can d. Yu have a creative mind. Find smething yu enjy and stick with it, n matter what.”
The future didn't seem t bright fr a blind child frm the cuntryside. But as this yung by thught abut his mther's wrds, abut what he really wanted t d with his life, he dreamed f becming a star. S as a child, he wuld practice playing the pian and singing each day frm then n.
Once ne f his classmates heard him practicing at schl and tld him, “Yu can't play the pian, and yu can't sing either. These things are meaningless fr yu. Yu are dmed t be a lser.”
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
That classmate's cmment was like a sharp knife, cutting Jack's heart int pieces.














In his life, he received cuntless awards fr his music.










答案与分层梯度式解析
UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT
第二部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四项诺贝尔奖的获得情况。
21.A 细节理解题。根据第二段中“He is well-knwn fr extracting, sequencing, and analyzing ancient DNA frm Neanderthal bnes.”可知,诺贝尔生理学或医学奖与骨骼研究有关。故选A。
22.C 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知,Ben S. Bernanke, Duglas W. Diamnd和Philip H. Dybvig凭着关于银行和金融危机的研究获奖。故选C。
23.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“the three separately perfrmed ‘grundbreaking experiments’ as ne team”、第四段中的“The Nbel Prize in Chemistry went t anther tri(三人组)”以及最后一段中的“The Nbel Memrial Prize in Ecnmic Sciences was awarded t three American ecnmists”可知,这三个奖项的共同之处是有三个获奖者。故选B。
B
◎语篇解读 文章讲述了著名数学家、计算机科学家、物理学家和化学家约翰·冯·诺依曼的生平经历和取得的重大成就。
24.C 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中的“his father tried t persuade him nt t becme a mathematician because he might lead a pr life being a mathematician”可知,因为他父亲担心他作为数学家的收入,所以冯·诺依曼也学习了化学。故选C项。
25.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In 1926, at 23, he received a degree in Chemical Engineering and a PhD in mathematics.”和第二段中的“His first bk was published in 1932.”可知,冯·诺依曼1926年时是23岁,他出版第一本书的时候是1932年,所以那时他29岁。故选C项。
26.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Wrld War Ⅱ (1931-1945) hugely changed vn Neumann's areas f interest.”和“After practice.”可知,第二次世界大战让冯·诺依曼开始研究如何把数学应用于实践。故选B项。
27.A 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“He will be remembered as ne f the greatest minds f the 20th century.”可知,他非常聪明。最后一段他在描述一次车祸时,将自己与树木之间的动与静的状态颠倒,让人忍俊不禁,由此可知他很幽默。故选A项。
C
◎语篇解读 文章主要介绍了Abdulrazak Gurnah成为作家的经历和获诺贝尔文学奖的原因。
28.B 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的倒数第一、二句可知,他开始在日记中写下自己的想法,然后写下别人的故事。那些作品以及写作的习惯促成了他的第一部小说,随后又有了九部。由此可推知,是他的写作习惯促成了他的事业。故选B。
29.A 词义猜测题。失去他在这个世界上的位置的想法是他写作的动力。画线词表示“激励”,与inspired为同义表达。故选A。
30.D 推理判断题。根据文章第一段可知,Abdulrazak Gurnah获得了2021年诺贝尔文学奖,其中他的跨大陆和跨文化的经历在他的小说中发挥了至关重要的作用。此外,在倒数第二段中,诺贝尔文学奖委员会主席Anders Olssn称Abdulrazak Gurnah是世界上最杰出的后殖民时代作家之一。他说,至关重要的是Gurnah的根在桑给巴尔岛,那里有来自不同国家的人,在全球化之前很久就受到了不同国家文化的影响。可知,Gurnah之所以能获得诺贝尔文学奖,主要是因为他有丰富的跨大陆和跨文化经历,受殖民主义的影响,见到了很多不同文化的人,受到了不同文化的影响,所以写的书也反映了这些东西。由此可推知,他之所以能获诺贝尔文学奖,是因为写的小说涉及了殖民主义和不同人的贫困生活。故选D。
31.C 主旨大意题。第一段就提到了Abdulrazak Gurnah获得诺贝尔文学奖的事,下文也主要介绍了他成为作家的经历,倒数第二段诺贝尔文学奖委员会主席又对他进行了评价。由此可知C项适合作为文章标题。
D
◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了材料工程师Nzambi Matee创造性地将难以回收处理的塑料垃圾转化成建筑用砖的情况。
32.C 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Kenya has plastic. Unfrtunately, tns wastes cntinue t get pured int landfills daily.”可知,肯尼亚政府虽然采取了一系列措施来应对塑料垃圾,但每天仍然有大量的塑料垃圾进入垃圾场。由此可知,肯尼亚政府应对塑料垃圾的措施是没有成效的。故选C。
33.A 细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知Matee成立了实验室,将塑料垃圾转化成了建筑用砖;根据第三段中的“I wanted t use my educatin in applied physics and material engineering t d smething abut plastic waste pllutin.”可知,Matee这样做是想把学到的知识运用到实际生活中,从而减少塑料污染。由此可知Matee把知识转化成了实际产品。故选A。
34.D 细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“The resulting lwest quality f plastic.”可知,Matee研制的砖非常环保,这是其最大的优点。故选D。
35.B 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段中的“Her dream is t reduce rubbish by increasing prductin and expanding her fferings, which is far frm dne.”和“The mre plastic we the yuth.”可知,她的目标远不止于此,她希望能做更多来更大程度地减少塑料垃圾,由此可知本段在讲述Matee的更大的目标。故选B。
第二节
◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章就怎样让生活幸福和成功给了一些建议。
36.G 细节句。设空处上一句提到“无论你多大年纪,住在哪里,或者你的职业目标是什么,你的人生最终目标都可能是幸福和成功”,设空处下一句提到“它意味着追随你热爱的东西、有意义地生活以及享受当下”,G项 (成功不仅仅意味着有钱和成名)与上文所述话题一致,且下文与此处在意思上是顺承的。下一句中的It指的就是G项中的T be successful。故选G项。
37.E 细节句。本段主旨句提到“有意义地生活”,设空处上一句提到“你可能会发现自己在空闲时间里总是感到无聊,幻想着未来或过去,或者倒计时直到一天结束”,E项 (试着把你的空闲时间花在做你喜欢做的事情上)符合本段主旨,且E项中的ding things that yu enjy ding 与上一句中的find yurself cnstantly bred in yur free time对应。故选E项。
38.D 细节句。本段主旨句提到“发现你热爱的东西”, D项 (意识到你热爱的东西是什么可能需要几年时间)符合本段主旨,且下文谈到了发现你热爱的东西会有什么好处以及在发现这些东西时遇到困难可以做什么,故D项符合语境。
39.F 主旨句。由后文可知,本段主要在讲制订目标,F项 (列出你的目标以及你可以做些什么来实现它们)符合语境。
40.A 细节句。设空处上一句提到“同样,如果你不确定自己能做什么,不要告诉别人你会做什么”,设空处后一句提到“不要向任何人承诺你不能做的事”,A项 (你应该诚实地面对自己的极限)符合上下文语境。故选A项。
第三部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了我国古代科学家贾思勰对农业的研究和贡献,他的著作《齐民要术》对农业生产起到了重要的指导作用。
41.A discver发现;recver恢复;reprt报道;repeat重复。根据语境可知,此处指被发现的智慧。故选A。
42.B search搜索;research研究;experiment实验;statistics统计数据。根据后文的“He cllected infrmatin, did experiments and learnt frm the 43 f farmers.”可知此句是在解释说明第42空所填词的内容,结合选项可知research符合语境,d research int agriculture意为“做农业研究”,与后文的内容对应。故选B。
43.D adventure冒险;advantage优势;traditin传统;experience经验。结合选项可知experience符合语境,learn frm the experience f farmers意为“从农民们的(耕作)经验中吸取教训”。故选D。
44.B 由本文的标题可知,此处指这本书既有关农业,也有关园艺。nursing护理;gardening园艺;prduce农产品;trade贸易。故选B。
45.C 该空下文介绍了这本书涉及的一些具体的主题,如种绿色的蔬菜、种果树、养动物。prgram项目;bjective目标,目的;subject主题;event事件。故选C。
46.C 由空前的“sw seeds”可知此处指种植幼苗。drp使落下;increase增加;grw种植;thrw扔掉。故选C。
47.D 由设空处所在句可知如果在一年中合适的时间播种和种幼苗就会有好收成,也就是结果会更好。dream梦想;ending结尾,结局;hpe希望;result结果。故选D。
48.C 根据第49空后的“If the cnditin f yur sil is nt gd, yu shuld imprve it.”可知此处说的是土壤的状况,cnditin属于原词复现。故选C。situatin表示“形势”,与sil不搭配;其他选项applicatin(应用)、additin(添加物)与语境不符。
49.B 前句指出土壤状况也很重要,本句则说要仔细地检查土壤。successfully成功地;carefully仔细地;gradually逐渐地;frequently频繁地。故选B。
50.A 根据常识可知,种庄稼之前需要平整土地和除草。remve weeds意为“清除杂草”。remve去除;disturb打扰;increase 增加;reduce减少。故选A。
51.D 根据下句中的“d nt plant wheat 52 in the same field”可知庄稼要轮换着种。keep保留;imprve提升;manage经营;change改换,转换。故选D。
52.D 由下文“But if yu plant sya in a field ne year and wheat in the field the next year, yu will 53 gd crps.”可知,此处指不要在同一块地里年复一年地种同一种庄稼。ne after anther一个接一个地;here and there到处;nw and then时不时地;year after year年复一年地。故选D。
53.C 此处是说如果你在一块地里这一年种大豆,下一年种小麦,你就会有一个好的收成。harvest gd crps意为“有好的收成”,符合语境。benefit使受益;cllect收集;harvest收割;exprt出口。故选C。
54.C 由下文“but Jia wheat clse tgether was better”可知设空处指的是相反的观点,即株与株之间要留有空间。hle洞;line线;space空间;balance平衡。故选C。
55.A 由上文“but Jia did experiments”可知,此处指他通过实验证实。prve证实,证明;mean意味着;intend打算,计划;decide决定。故选A。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,介绍了中国杰出的军事女科学家陈薇博士。
56.impressin 考查名词。根据空前的不定冠词a和形容词strng可知设空处应用名词;leave a strng impressin n sb.意为“给某人留下深刻的印象”。故填impressin。句意:当动作片《战狼Ⅱ》在2017年打破了中国的票房纪录的时候,一个不那么突出的人物出人意料地给观众留下了深刻印象——一位叫作陈博士的军事科学家,他为在非洲蔓延的一种致命的病毒研制出了一种疫苗。
57.called 考查过去分词。句意见上题。a military scientist和call之间是逻辑上的被动关系,应用过去分词作后置定语。故填called。
58.was sent 考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意:2015年,真正的军事科学家陈薇博士从中国被派往非洲抗击致命的埃博拉病毒。根据时间状语In 2015可知此处应用一般过去时;Dr. Chen Wei和send之间是被动关系,应该用一般过去时的被动语态。主语是第三人称单数,故填was sent。
59.that 考查表语从句的引导词。句意:这两个人物之间唯一的区别是,真正的陈博士是一位女性。分析句子结构可知,“ 59 the real Dr. Chen is a she”在系动词is后边,因此设空处引导的是表语从句,从句句意完整且不缺成分,应该用that引导。故填that。
60.Luckily 考查副词。句意:幸运的是,他们付出的努力阻止了大约14,000名一线医务人员被感染。设空处修饰整个句子,应该用副词作状语,由句意可知此处表示“幸运的是”,故填Luckily。
61.which/that 考查定语从句的关系代词。句意:在非典之后,这位有远见的女性将她的注意力转向夺去了全世界10,000多条生命的埃博拉病毒。分析句子结构可知,“ 61 claimed ver 10,000 lives wrldwide”是设空处引导的定语从句,先行词是Ebla,指物,关系词在从句中作主语,应该用关系代词which或that。
62.effective 考查形容词。设空处与空前的safe为and连接的并列成分,在句中作表语,由形容词safe可知设空处也应用形容词;此处表示“她的疫苗最终证明是安全的、有效的”,故应用形容词effective。
63.fighting 考查动名词。句意:陈博士花了很多时间与危及生命的病毒抗争。spend time ding...意为“花费时间做……”。故填fighting。
64.t win 考查动词不定式。have n chice but t d...意为“除了做……别无选择”,故填t win。
65.it 考查代词。句意:她做到了。 make it意为“获得成功”。故填it。
第四部分 写作
第一节
One pssible versin:
My Favurite Agricultural Scientist
Of s many famus scientists all ver the wrld, I admire Yuan Lngping mst.
Yuan Lngping is a scientist respected by peple f the wrld. The latest hybrid rice that he invented has slved the fd prblem f peple in many cuntries. In the past,many peple starved t death because f lack f fd. Nw hybrid rice technlgy has enabled many peple t live a better life.
In my pinin, Yuan's innvatin nt nly slves the prblem f eating fr Chinese peple, but als benefits peple all ver the wrld. I will study hard and becme a famus agricultural scientist like him in the future.
第二节
One pssible versin:
That classmate's cmment was like a sharp knife,cutting Jack's heart int pieces. Fr several days, he was in lw spirits. “Shuld I give my dream up r stick t it?” he thught. All these days, his mther's wrds lingered in his mind. “Nthing can get in the way f my dreams,” said the determined by. Frm then n, he was determined t becme a star and remained fcused n his gal. Hard as it was, he was willing t accept the challenge and make mre effrts. Finally his hard wrk paid ff.
In his life, he received cuntless awards fr his music. His excellent musical style has had a lasting effect n all frms f ppular music in the past ten years. The peple wh had lked dwn upn him befre felt extremely surprised. When asked hw he made it, he wed it t his mther. It was his mther's wrds that encuraged him in thse cnfusing days. He wuldn't listen t the negative wrds in his life and refused t stp. Determinatin and ptimism are what it takes t vercme his weakness and accmplish his gal.
1.B
2.B
3.A
4.A
5.A
6.A
7.C
8.C
9.B
10.B
11.C
12.A
13.C
14.C
15.B
16.B
17.A
18.B
19.A
20.C
21.A
22.C
23.B
24.C
25.C
26.B
27.A
28.B
29.A
30.D
31.C
32.C
33.A
34.D
35.B
36.G
37.E
38.D
39.F
40.A
41.A
42.B
43.D
44.B
45.C
46.C
47.D
48.C
49.B
50.A
51.D
52.D
53.C
54.C
55.A
56.impressin 57.called 58.was sent 59.that 60.Luckily
61.which/that 62.effective 63.fighting 64.t win 65.it