英语选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement课时训练

这是一份英语选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement课时训练，共22页。试卷主要包含了 5分, 满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
单元素养检测(一)(Unit 1)
(时间: 120分钟　满分: 150分)
第一部分　听力(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共5小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分)
　　听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
Text 1
W: Hey, how did you do on the exam?
M: Ah, I got an 82. It’s OK, I guess. ①But I thought I’d get at least an 85.
1. What does the man mean?
A. He doesn’t care.
B. He is very satisfied.
C. He is a little disappointed.
答案: C
Text 2
W: ② If you scare me like that again, I’ll yell and the neighbours will hear.
M: I’m sorry. It was too good to pass up. You were just sitting there, and I thought it would be funny to throw the cat on you.
2. How did the woman feel just now?
A. Scared. 　　　　B. Bored. 　　　C. Excited.
答案: A
Text 3
W: I remember you like French fries very much, but you seem to have a poor appetite today. What’s wrong?
M: ③ I’m on a diet. I have been advised to have less fried food but more fresh vegetables.
3. Why did the man eat so little today?
A. He has no appetite.
B. He doesn’t like French fries.
C. He is on a diet.
答案: C
Text 4
W: What would you like to take as your major?
M: ④Civil engineering or physics.
W: How about biotechnology?
M: Well, I don’t think I’ll major in biotechnology. Though I used to show great interest in it. How about you?
W: Design, of course.
4. What does the man want to learn?
A. Biotechnology. B. Design. C. Physics.
答案: C
Text 5
W: Good afternoon. Can I help you?
M: Good afternoon. ⑤Will you please show me the handbag over there?
W: The black one?
M: No, the one beside.
W: Here you are.
M: ⑤Thanks. Any discount?
W: Yes, all the handbags here are now on sale.
5. What is the relationship between the two speakers?
A. Shop assistant and customer.
B. Receptionist and manager.
C. Boss and secretary.
答案: A
第二节(共15小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分)
　　听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
Text 6
M: Could you take this down to the accounting office for me, please?
W: Sure, Mr Stone. ⑥I was just on my way down to the shipping department which is on the 5th floor, anyway. ⑥⑦Accounting is just one floor above it, so it’s right on the way.
M: Great. Maybe when you get back, I could take you to that Thai restaurant you’re always telling me about.
6. Where is the accounting office?
A. On the 4th floor. 　　　B. On the 5th floor.
C. On the 6th floor.
答案: C
7. Where will the woman go first?
A. The Thai restaurant. 　　　B. The accounting office.
C. The shipping department.
答案: B
听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。
Text 7
M: I’d like to mail this package to Washington.
W: How would you like to send it?
M: By air, please.
W: OK. ⑨Let’s see. It’s 64 dollars.
M: 64 dollars?
W: Yes, that’s a pretty heavy package.
M: Hmm. I suppose it is. Is there any other option to deliver it?
W: Sure. It can be sent by water, but you know it will take longer to get there.
M: How long will it take then?
W: Let me see. To Washington from here it will take about a month. It takes three more weeks.
M: How much will it cost then?
W: ⑨Just half as much.
M: OK, ⑧I think I’ll send it by water.
8. In what way will the man send his package?
A. By train. B. By water. C. By air.
答案: B
9. How much will he pay for the mail of the package by water?
A. $64. 　 B. $32. 　 C. $96.
答案: B
听第8段材料, 回答第10～12题。
Text 8
M: Hey. Mary. What’s your plan for your summer holiday?
W: Well, ⑩I am planning to take a trip to Tahiti with my parents.
M: Tahiti? I don’t know much about the place.
W: Tahiti is the largest island in French Polynesia. That’s a group of islands in the southern Pacific Ocean, mostly formed from volcanic activity.
M: Is it a rich place?

W: Yes. I suppose so. It’s the economic, cultural and political center of French Polynesia.⑪It is also world-famous for its amazing beach scenery.
M: I see. What language do they speak there?
W:⑫French is the only official language, though Tahitian and English are widely spoken.
M: How about the food? What’s it like?
W: Well. I don’t really care about the food there. I choose to go there mainly for the beaches!
10. Whom will the woman travel with during the summer holiday?
A. Her friends. B. Her parents. C. A tour group.
答案: B
11. What is the island famous for?
A. Its beaches. B. Its food. C. Its volcanoes.
答案: A
12. What is the island’s official language?
A. English. B. Tahitian. C. French.
答案: C
听第9段材料, 回答第13～16题。
Text 9




W:⑬On today’s show we have Dennis Dean, owner of Double the Fun bus parties. Hi, Dennis. Can you tell us what you do?
M: Well, Double the Fun is a party bus where you and up to 50 friends can hold celebrations.⑭All buses have fridges for cold drinks, disco-quality sound, an amazing light show and comfortable leather seats. What we don’t have is cooking equipment. All buses also have a bus host, whose job is to make sure all the guests get back on the bus after each stop.
W: After each stop? So guests don’t spend the whole evening driving around on the bus?
M: No! In fact, we take them to 4 different clubs during the evening. At each club, we’ve booked special VIP entrance, which means no waiting to get in, and everyone gets a free drink.
W: Anything else our listeners should know about the parties?
M: Yes,⑮all guests must be smartly dressed. No jeans or sports shoes. The only exception would be if they want to have a fancy-dress party.⑯And we need to know the time you book if you are planning a fancy-dress party. Clubs like to know in advance when parties will be arriving.
W: Thanks, Dennis.
13. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Interviewer and interviewee.
B. Club owner and customer.
C. Driver and passenger.
答案: A
14. What can the guests do on the bus?
A. Have cold drinks. 　B. Drive the bus. 　C. Cook food.
答案: A
15. What are guests expected to do for parties?
A. Bring their VIP cards. 　　　　B. Get dressed smartly.
C. Book clubs in advance.
答案: B
16. What does the man suggest guests do before a fancy-dress party?
A. Control the number of people.
B. Avoid wearing jeans and sports shoes.
C. Inform him of the booking time.
答案: C
听第10段材料, 回答第17～20题。
Text 10
　　Welcome to Spain. Getting a train to Spain is more convenient and comfortable than you can imagine. Travel to Spain, and you will learn about world-class culture, taste delicious food, buy quality goods, see unique buildings and visit beautiful fields.⑰The best months to travel to Spain are June and July. Taking the train to Spain is far more exciting, more relaxing, not to mention it’s better for the environment than flying.⑱Train travel is rapidly growing in popularity because of its speed improving.⑲And for long-distance travel, there’s the added advantage of taking the train overnight, which saves your hotel cost. On the train you can catch up on some sleep or simply watch the scene changing around you. And taking a train means you’re free to wander down to the bar, chat with friendly people, or relax with a book in your own room.⑳In our Grand Class Room, there are seats, small tables and comfortable beds. Our private suite also offers a shower room and toilet articles.
17. Which is the best season to visit Spain?
A. Spring. B. Summer. C. Autumn.
答案: B
18. Why is train travel becoming increasingly popular in Spain?
A. It is affordable to most people.
B. The train’s speed gets improved.
C. It can guarantee people more freedom.
答案: B
19. What’s the advantage of taking the train for long-distance travel?
A. Saving your money on accommodations.
B. Enabling you to enjoy more special food.
C. Allowing you to learn to live independently.
答案: A
20. What can be found in the Grand Class Room in the train?
A. Shower rooms. 　　　　B. Toilet tables.
C. Comfortable beds.
答案: C
第二部分　阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
　　阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
When Mary Moore began her high school in 1951, her mother told her, “Be sure and take a typing course so when this show business thing doesn’t work out, you’ll have something to rely on. ” Mary responded in typical teenage fashion. From that moment on, “the very last thing I ever thought about doing was taking a typing course, ” she recalls.

　　The show business thing worked out, of course. In her career, Mary won many awards. Only recently, when she began to write Growing Up Again, did she regret ignoring her mom, “I don’t know how to use a computer, ” she admits.
　　Unlike her 1995 autobiography, after all, her second book is less about life as an award-winning actress and more about living with diabetes (糖尿病). All the money from the book is intended for the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (JDRF), an organization she serves as international chairman. “I felt there was a need for a book like this, ” she says. “I didn’t want to lecture, but I wanted other diabetics to know that things get better when we’re self-controlled and do our part in managing the disease. ”
　　But she hasn’t always practiced what she teaches. In her book, she describes that awful day, almost 40 years ago, when she received two pieces of life-changing news. First, she had lost the baby she was carrying, and second, tests showed that she had diabetes. In a childlike act, she left the hospital and treated herself to a box of doughnuts (甜甜圈). Years would pass before she realized she had to grow up again and take control of her diabetes, not let it control her. Only then did she kick her three-pack-a-day cigarette habit, overcome her addiction to alcohol, and begin to follow a balanced diet.
　　Although her disease has affected her eyesight and forced her to the sidelines of the dance floor, she refuses to fall into self-pity. “Everybody on earth can ask, ’why me? ’ about something or other, ” she insists. “It doesn’t do any good. No one is immune (免疫的) to heartache, pain, and disappointments. Sometimes we can make things better by helping others. I’ve come to realize the importance of that as I’ve grown up this second time. I want to speak out and be as helpful as I can be. ”
【语篇概述】本文主要介绍了玛丽·摩尔的职业生涯及抗病经历。
21. Why did Mary feel regretful?
A. She didn’t achieve her ambition.
B. She didn’t take care of her mother.
C. She didn’t complete her high school.
D. She didn’t follow her mother’s advice.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第二段“Only recently, when she began to write Growing Up Again, did she regret ignoring her mom, ’I don’t know how to use a computer, ’she admits. ”可判断选D项。
22. Mary’s second book Growing Up Again is mainly about her _______.  
A. living with diabetes
B. successful show business
C. service for an organization
D. remembrance of her mother
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段“her second book is less about life as an award-winning actress and more about living with diabetes”可判断选A项。
23. When Mary received the life-changing news, she _______.  
A. lost control of herself
B. began a balanced diet
C. tried to get a treatment
D. behaved in an adult way
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第四段“In a childlike act, she left the hospital and treated herself to a box of doughnuts. Years would pass before she realized she had to grow up again and take control of her diabetes, not let it control her. ”可判断选A项。
24. What can we know from the last paragraph?
A. Mary feels pity for herself.
B. Mary has recovered from her disease.
C. Mary wants to help others as much as possible.
D. Mary determines to go back to the dance floor.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Mary Moore 所说的话“I’ve come to realize the importance of that as I’ve grown up this second time. I want to speak out and be as helpful as I can be. ”可推断出她想尽可能地去帮助他人, 故选C。
B
(2021·成都高二检测)
What are scientists? They are often described as gray-haired white-coated dull scholars.
But the world has changed. Young scientists are making their voices heard and releasing their powers on the world stage.
This is also true in China. Rising stars include new materials expert Gong Yongji, university professor Liu Mingzhen, and biologist Wan Ruixue. At the age of 28 in 2018, Wan Ruixue received the 2018 Science & SciLifeLab Prize for Young Scientists. This is a global prize to reward outstanding scientists at an early stage of their careers.
She focuses mainly on biomedicine(生物医学)and artificial intelligence(人工智能). “Both are cutting-edge (前沿) technologies at an early stage of development, ” she said.
“So, I think they have great potential to be developed. I think in the study of cutting-edge technologies, China and other leading countries in the world are standing on the same starting line. And in the study of structural biology, China is likely to become the leader. ”
She felt it was her fate to become a biologist. “I grew interested in the natural world, when I was very young, ” she said. In 2009, she entered Sun Yat-sen University.
In her third year at the university, she realized that she wanted to do something related to biomedicine. So she emailed China’s top biologist Shi Yigong, hoping to join his lab at Tsinghua University.
Shi recognized her talent and welcomed her. Years of efforts at the lab have paid off. Her research on the high-definition 3D structure of spliceosome led to a scientific breakthrough.
Unlike many of other young scientists who choose to pursue further study abroad, Wan currently has no plan to go overseas.
“The whole ecosystem for scientific research is continually improving in China, ” she said, adding the country has great science facilities.
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。年轻的科学家们正在世界舞台上发声, 并释放他们的力量。在中国也一样, 越来越多的年轻科学家投身科学研究, 对社会做出了巨大的贡献。他们对中国的科学技术和科学研究充满自信。
25. What does the underlined word “releasing” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Giving out. 　　　 B. Getting over.
C. Finding out. D. Taking over.
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。由第二段“Young scientists are . . . stage. ”可知在世界舞台上, 年轻的科学家们正在发出他们的声音, 释放他们的力量。从句子中可以看到making their voices heard和releasing their powers并列, 可以根据making their voices heard(发出自己的声音)猜测出releasing有“发出, 散发”之意, 故选A。
26. What does Wan Ruixue feel about the study of cutting-edge technologies in China?
A. Anxious. B. Confident.
C. Disappointed. D. Satisfied.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。由第五段可知万蕊雪认为在前沿技术研究方面, 中国和世界上的其他主要国家都站在相同的起跑线上。在结构生物学研究方面, 中国可能成为引领者。从这些话可以推断, 对中国前沿技术的研究, 万蕊雪充满信心。故选B。
27. What can we learn about Wan Ruixue’s journey of becoming a biologist?
A. Her teacher led her into the field.
B. She finds it’s easier than she thought.
C. Her contribution has been recognized.
D. She thinks it’s boring but worth trying.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。由倒数第三段可知施一公认可了她的才能, 欢迎她加入。在实验室数年的努力得到了回报。由此可以看出在万蕊雪成为生物学家的过程中, 她的付出得到了认可。故选C。
28. Which can be the best title of the text?
A. China’s Breakthrough in Science
B. Rising Young Scientists in China
C. Wan Ruixue: A Successful Young Scientist
D. New Image of Chinese Scientists
【解析】选B。主旨大意题。由第二段可知在世界舞台上, 年轻的科学家们正在发出他们的声音, 释放他们的力量。由第三段可知在中国也一样。冉冉升起的新星包括……从上述内容可以看出关键词是China, Rising stars和Young scientists。所以文章标题是中国正在升起的年轻科学家。故选B。
C
(2021·昆明高二检测)
Sitting on the sofa in her family’s Michigan home in 2009, looking through the Guinness World Records, 10-year-old Winter Vinecki was surprised to find that the record for the youngest person to complete a marathon on every continent was held by a 27-year-old man. “I can beat that, ” she declared. “For Dad. ” And she had every reason to believe she could.
A natural athlete since the age of 5, Winter had been running together with her mom and uncle, both athletes, and competing in races across the country. Soon, her name was appearing in national competitions. Trophies (奖牌) lined her walls.
But in 2008, at the age of 9, Winter stopped racing for medals. In May of that year, her father found out he had caught a rare cancer. To raise awareness and funds to fight the disease. Winter started an organization called I earn Winter. Just 10 months after his diagnosis, her father passed away.
Over the next three years, Winter came first in 20 of the 37 races in which she competed, including four Junior Olympics Cross Country Championships. Along the way, she raised over $ 400, 000 to help find a cure for cancer.
Now 14, Winter is working on her world record to win her cause a place in the Guinness World Records. She recently completed her first marathon in Eugene, Oregon, a race normally limited to runners over 16, finishing in an amazing 3: 45: 04. “I’m used to racing with adults, and I think it’s kind of fun to race past them, ” said Winter before the race.
With six continents to go, Winter has just begun a journey that will take her two years. “Every time I step to a starting line, ” Winter says, “I have one thought in mind: keeping my dad’s spirit alive. ”
【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲了美国年轻的运动员Winter Vinecki。她从五岁开始跑步, 后来她参加了全国各个比赛并取得了很多奖牌, 在14岁时她准备创造一项世界纪录, 完成七大洲的马拉松, 她一直保持着她爸爸的精神。
29. Winter tries to break the Guinness World Record as _______.  
A. the youngest marathon runner
B. the athlete with the most medals
C. the marathon runner with the most medals
D. the youngest marathon runner on all continents
【解析】选D。细节理解题。由文中第一段的10-year-old Winter Vinecki was surprised to find that the record for the youngest person to complete a marathon on every continent was held by a 27-year-old man. “I can beat that, ” 可知, 这项吉尼斯世界纪录最年轻的保持者是27岁, 而温特认为她可以完成这项纪录, 在年龄上打败他。
30. What caused Winter to start the organization “I earn Winter”?
A. Her father’s disease.
B. Her father’s death.
C. Her uncle’s advice.
D. Her mother’s disease.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。由文中第三段的In May of that year, her father found out he had caught a rare cancer. To raise awareness and funds to fight the disease. Winter started an organization called I earn Winter. 可知, 温特是在父亲病了之后, 为了筹集资金对抗疾病, 才开始创建I earn Winter这个组织的。故A选项正确。
31. When did Winter finish her first marathon race?
A. At age 9. 　　　　　 B. At age 10.
C. At age 14. D. At age 16.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。由文中倒数第二段的Now 14, Winter is working on her world record to. . . She recently completed her first marathon in Eugene, 可知。温特是在14岁的时候完成第一次马拉松。
32. What does the word “them” in Paragraph 5 refer to?
A. World records. B. Adult runners.
C. Young runners. D. Marathon races.
【解析】选B。代词指代题。画线部分所在的句子 “I’m used to racing with adults, and I think it’s kind of fun to race past them, ”意思是温特习惯和成年人比赛, 她认为超过他们很有趣, 所以这里的them指的是和她比赛的成年人, 故B选项正确。
D
　　What’s the most important thing in a piece of writing? Is it the story, the characters, the description, or the style? Obviously, you can’t choose only one. A great work succeeds in combining all of them in a great mix, producing a wonderful work.
　　In most cases, you’re better at one writing element over the rest, and working on your strengths will work to your advantage. Building characters, however, is important to your writing. It’s not to be ignored no matter what your case is. So, how do you achieve that?
　　Make Them Real
　　This is probably one of the most common pieces of writing advice: make your characters believable. What does it really mean? It means that your characters need to be there for a reason, not just for pushing the story forward. He/She has a real life, with his/her own fears and dreams, and you have to show this. Your characters don’t need to be typical(典型的)to be believable. The unusual ones are even more interesting, but it’s your job to make your readers relate to them.
　　Understand Human Psychology(心理特征)
　　To build great characters, you’ll need to understand people’s psychology: what are they thinking about, what are they feeling and experiencing, and why are they doing what they are doing? Get behind the obvious. Be in the backstage with them. Sit them in a chair and let them talk away. If you truly listen, you’ll learn.
　　Be Your Character
　　When you immerse(使沉浸在)yourself in your writing, you get lost in that world and you start living in it. This is when the magic happens and you become your character. By putting yourself in your character’s shoes, you allow yourself to experience what you’re writing about first-hand. The more it feels real to you, the more the readers will feel the same, too.
【语篇概述】写作中人物的塑造很重要。本文告诉我们如何塑造好人物。
33. According to the author, what makes a great work?
A. Being skilled at characters.
B. Having some unusual characters.
C. Using some special writing styles.
D. Combining related things in a great way.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句 “A great work succeeds in combining all of them in a great mix, producing a wonderful work. ” 可知, 好的作品需要将多种因素很好地结合在一起, 故选D。
34. According to Paragraph 4, what should a good writer be good at?
A. Knowing others’ minds.
B. Writing down the obvious points.
C. Thinking differently from others.
D. Starting conversations with others.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第四段第一句 “To build great characters, you’ll need to understand people’s psychology”可知, 好的作者需要知道别人的想法, 故选A。
35. What should you do to build a great character?
A. Write according to true events.
B. Pretend you’re the character.
C. Talk to others about your character.
D. Forget about your fears and dreams.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段“By putting yourself in your character’s shoes, you allow yourself to experience what you’re writing about first-hand. ”可知, 想要塑造一个好的角色, 你需要假装自己就是你所塑造的人物, 故选B。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
　　阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2021·衡水高二检测)
How to Fight Laziness?
Lazy people will never gain anything in life. However, laziness can be defeated once a few changes have been made in your mind. 　36　. Many people lack sleep constantly, since they stay up too late and get up too early to prepare for work. These people have little motivation(动力) once they arrive home. Laziness works hand in hand with a lack of motivation and a tendency to put off things. By adjusting your sleep schedule to provide a few more hours of meaningful rest, you can fight laziness throughout the day.  
Another way to fight laziness is to change your mind from passive to active. Some people treat their lives as if they were pushed from task to task. Others take a more positive approach, viewing each task as a challenge they must overcome alone. 　37　.  
Some people fight laziness by removing the temptations(诱惑) that surround them. A television in the living room may provide entertainment, but watching too much TV often contributes to laziness. 　38　. Complete a few tasks and reward yourself with what you enjoy, such as a good dinner or a film.  
Laziness can also be a lasting problem at home. Couples and children may all have different energy levels, but laziness can be spread if not dealt with immediately. 　39　. Be the first to collect and wash dishes after a meal. Others at home may finally follow your example and perform their own tasks. It is difficult to practice laziness when you are surrounded by motivated people.  
　40　. Enough exercise and a balanced diet can help you to develop a healthy lifestyle, thus enabling you to have more energy and help lift your spirits.  
A. One way to fight laziness is to get enough sleep
B. Knowing how to fight laziness is important
C. To fight family laziness, set an example
D. Create a reward system for yourself, just as parents do for a child
E. Laziness sets in when you no longer feel in charge of your own life
F. Finally, taking exercise regularly can help you fight laziness
G. With strong determination, you will be able to achieve your goal
【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文。懒惰的人总是一事无成。然而, 懒惰是可以被战胜的。本文主要介绍了怎样战胜懒惰。
36. 【解析】选A。根据下文Many people lack sleep constantly, since they stay up too late and get up too early to prepare for work. 可知, 选项A“对抗懒惰的一个方法是有足够的睡眠”与下文衔接最好, 故选A。
37. 【解析】选E。根据Another way to fight laziness is to change your mind from passive to active. 可知, 此处指的是要有一个积极的态度, 尤其Others take a more positive approach, viewing each task as a challenge they must overcome alone. 把每一项任务都看作是他们必须独自克服的挑战。因此, 选项E“当你觉得不能再掌控自己的生活时, 你就会变得懒惰。”与上文衔接最好。故选E。
38. 【解析】选D。根据下文的Complete a few tasks and reward yourself with what you enjoy, such as a good dinner or a film. 可知, 完成一些任务, 用你喜欢的东西来犒劳自己, 比如一顿丰盛的晚餐或看一场电影。这些是奖励自己的方式, 因此, 选项D“为自己创造奖励系统, 就像父母为孩子做的”最合语境, 故选D。
39. 【解析】选C。根据下文的Be the first to collect and wash dishes after a meal. Others at home may finally follow your example可知, 此处是指要树立榜样, 因此, 选项C“为了消除家庭的懒惰, 可以树立一个榜样”与下文衔接最好, 故选C。
40. 【解析】选F。根据下文的Enough exercise and a balanced diet can help you to develop a healthy lifestyle可知, 足够的运动和均衡的饮食可以帮助你养成健康的生活方式, 因此, 选项F“最后定期锻炼可以让你战胜懒惰”最能概括本段内容, 故选F。
第三部分　语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
　　阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
　　Recently, I was diagnosed (诊断) with an incurable illness. And after that, I gave up 　41　. Although I was able to pass my test last year, I stopped 　42　 when I turned 90. I thought that it was finally the right time.  
　　Needless to say, my family and my doctor were 　43　 to hear my decision. As I handed over the keys of the car to my son, I thought of all the cars my wife and I had 　44　 over the years. A car is 　45　, independence, and an extension of your personality. Without one, you feel like less of a person. Now, my son often drives me to the city center and my neighbors also offer me 　46　 when I’m on the way to the market. But after a lifetime of independence, the idea of being dependent 　47　 other people is hard to 　48　. With my own car, I could go anywhere in no time. But now, my horizons (眼界) have 　49　 and I must plan ahead for everything. Luckily, I’ve learned to face it and change and I found a(n) 　50　 to some of those problems. Last year, I 　51　 to buy a nice new four-wheel electric scooter(小型摩托车), which made my route free from 　52　 and noise, with trees and green plants 　53　 cars and street signs.  
　　Giving up something is hard, and some of us never accept the loss. For me, however, it was just the 　54　 of a long and lucky life. Life in the slow lane (车道) turned out to be so much fun and so much 　55　.  
【语篇概述】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了因病无法开车的作者买了一台小型摩托车, 这让他欣赏到了不一样的风景。
41. A. hiking　　B. camping　　C. cycling　　D. driving
【解析】选D。hike徒步; camp野营; cycle骑行; drive开车。根据上下文语境可知, 被诊断患有一种无法治愈的病以后, 我放弃了开车, 故D项正确。
42. A. willingly B. actually C. gradually D. angrily
【解析】选A。willingly愿意地; actually实际上; gradually逐渐; angrily生气地。根据本空后的“I thought that it was finally the right time. ”可知, 我很愿意不开车, 因为我认为这个决定做得正是时候, 故A项正确。
43. A. annoyed B. comforted
C. disappointed D. encouraged
【解析】选B。annoyed生气的; comforted安慰的; disappointed失望的; encouraged鼓励的。我的家人和医生听到我的决定都很欣慰, 故B项正确。
44. A. repaired B. presented
C. donated D. possessed
【解析】选D。repair修理; present提供; donate捐赠; possess拥有。我想起了这些年来我和妻子拥有的所有汽车, 故D项正确。
45. A. fortune B. equality C. freedom D. character
【解析】选C。fortune财富; equality平等; freedom自由; character性格。车就是自由、独立和个性的延伸, 故C项正确。
46. A. favors B. seats C. changes D. rides
【解析】选D。favors帮忙; seats座位; changes变化; rides短途旅程。不开车之后, 邻居们载我去市场, 故D项正确。
47. A. with B. beyond C. on D. over
【解析】选C。但是在独立了一辈子之后, 很难适应依赖别人, be dependent on表示“依赖”, 故C项正确。
48. A. give up B. get used to
C. live up to D. drive off
【解析】选B。give up放弃; get used to习惯于; live up to不辜负; drive off赶走。很难适应依赖别人, 故B项正确。
49. A. extended B. broadened C. narrowed D. lowered
【解析】选C。extend延伸; broaden扩大; narrow变窄; lower降低。但是现在, 我的眼界变窄了, 故C项正确。
50. A. key B. entrance C. reply D. solution
【解析】选D。key关键; entrance入口; reply回复; solution解决办法。根据本空后的“to some of those problems”可知, 我找到了一个解决这些问题的办法, 故D项正确。
51. A. decided B. refused C. afforded D. failed
【解析】选A。decide决定; refuse拒绝; afford提供; fail失败。去年, 我决定买一台小型摩托车, 故A项正确。
52. A. convenience B. charge
C. traffic D. expense
【解析】选C。convenience方便; charge收费; traffic交通; expense费用。这台小型摩托车使我的路线远离交通和噪音, 故C项正确。
53. A. comparing B. replacing
C. combining D. including
【解析】选B。compare比较; replace代替; combine结合; include包括。树木和绿植代替了车和路标, 故B项正确。
54. A. end B. beginning C. aim D. attempt
【解析】选A。end结束; beginning开始; aim目的; attempt企图。然而, 对我来说, 它只是漫长而幸运的生活的结束, 故A项正确。
55. A. busier B. cheaper C. heavier D. tougher
【解析】选B。busier更忙的; cheaper更便宜的; heavier更重的; tougher更难的。与开车相比, 慢车道生活更有乐趣并且更便宜, 故B项正确。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
　　阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2021·济宁高二检测)
A new research suggests planting trees and other plants near factories could reduce pollution by almost one-third. The 56. ___________ (add) of plant life may even cost less and be more effective than technology 57. ___________ (design) to cut pollution. The findings 58. ___________ (report) in the publication Environmental Science & Technology.  
The lead author of the study was Bhavik Bakshi, 59. ___________ is a professor of chemical and biomolecular (生物分子) engineering at The Ohio State University in Columbus. Bakshi and other researchers collected data about air pollution and plant life 60. ___________ 48 American states.  
They knew that trees and plants were absorbing large amounts of
61. ___________ (harm) emissions from the air. So they 62. ___________ (attempt) to find out whether new vegetation (植被) could reduce air pollution’s effects.  
“People 63. ___________ (seek) to solve air pollution problems need to start looking at nature and learning from it, ” Bakshi said. He added that nature-based
64. _________ (method) could result in “win-win” solutions that save money and are better for the environment. The study did not identify 65. ___________ kinds of trees or plants would be best at reducing air pollution.  
【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明, 在工厂附近种植绿植可减少三分之一的污染, 比科技治污更经济有效。
56. 【解析】addition。考查词性转换。句意: 植物的增添甚至可能比专用于减少污染的科技更省钱更有效。The后面of前面应用名词, 故填addition。
57. 【解析】designed。考查非谓语动词。空缺处作technology的后置定语, 意义上是动宾关系, 故填designed。
58. 【解析】were reported。考查动词的时态和语态。句意: 这些发现被报道在Environmental Science & Technology这一出版物上。分析句子可知, 这里应用一般过去时的被动语态, 又因为findings是复数形式, 故填were reported。
59. 【解析】who。考查定语从句。句意: 这项研究的首席作者是Bhavik Bakshi, 他是哥伦布市俄亥俄州立大学的化学和生物分子工程教授。分析句子可知, 空缺处引导了一个定语从句, 修饰先行词Bhavik Bakshi, 在从句中作主语, 故填who。
60. 【解析】in。考查介词。句意: Bakshi和其他研究员在美国的48个州收集关于植被和空气污染的数据。 “___________48 American states”是句子的地点状语, 故填in。 
61. 【解析】harmful。考查形容词。句意: 他们知道树和植物吸收了空气中大量的有害排放物。名词emissions应由形容词修饰, 故填harmful。
62. 【解析】attempted。考查动词的时态。句意: 于是他们试图弄清楚新的植被是否可以减少空气污染的影响。本句缺乏谓语动词, 分析上下文可知, 这是发生在过去的动作。故填attempted。
63. 【解析】seeking。考查非谓语动词。句意: 寻求解决空气污染问题的人们需要开始关注自然并向自然学习。_________ to solve air pollution problems是后置定语修饰People, 它们之间是主谓关系, 故填seeking。 
64. 【解析】methods。考查名词复数。句意: 他补充说, 基于自然的方法可以产生既省钱又对环境更有益的双赢的解决方案。method是可数名词, 根据上下文, 应为复数, 故填methods。
65. 【解析】which/ what。考查名词性从句。句意: 这项研究没有发现哪几种树或植物最利于减少空气污染。分析句子可知, 空缺处引导一个宾语从句, 且在从句中作kinds的定语, 表示“哪几种”或“什么品种”, 故填which/ what。
第四部分　写作 (共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
　　假定你是李华。请根据下面表格中的内容提示, 以My Hero为题, 为校报的英语园地写一篇英语短文, 介绍你最崇拜的一位中国科学家。
姓名
梁建英
出生年份
1972年
职务
中国高铁总设计师
主要经历
①1995年大学毕业后开始从事高铁研发工作
②研制出时速300-350千米高速动车组
③2015年获奖
注意:
1. 词数80左右:
2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
参考词汇: 高速动车组high-speed EMU
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
My Hero
　　Each person has his/her own hero. My hero is Liang Jianying, general designer of the China high-speed railway.
Liang Jianying was born in 1972. Since her graduation in 1995, she has been devoting all her time to researching into the development of the China high-speed railway. Thanks to her creative work, China is playing a leading role in high-speed railways all over the world. She has worked hard and overcome many difficulties. The invention of the 300-350 km/h high-speed EMU makes it convenient for us to get around quickly. Because of her outstanding contributions to our country, she was awarded in 2015.
第二节(满分25分)
　　阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
　　Everyone likes the beautiful Cinderella, but I like the ugly stepsister. The sidewalk was filled with shoppers as my mother and I hurried to the department store, I raised my neck for a look at the holiday window display, but at the age of six I was too small to see around the grown-ups with their winter coats and packages. When at last we reached the store, I stood with my eyes widened. “Look, Mother, ” I shouted, pressing my hands against the glass, “Cinderella”. Before my eyes was the most beautiful doll I had ever seen! She wore a fairy princess suit made of shining red silk. I knew if I lifted her skirt I would find her crystal(水晶) shoes. The tiny tiara(冠状头饰) fastened to her silky golden hair shone.
“If only she were mine, ” I dreamed. “We’d have tea parties, share secrets and dance with a handsome prince. ” But to my disappointment, my mother guided me away from the window, explaining that she and my father could not afford such an expensive doll. “But there will be a very special gift under the tree for you on Christmas morning, Madge, ” she said. “I promise. ”Later that week I leaned against Mother’s sewing machine, watching the needle flash up and down. “Bet you don’t know what this is! ” she joked, holding up the cloth for me to see.
“My Christmas doll! ” I yelled. It was still in the early stages but I could make out the head, neck and body. “So much to my surprise! ” Mother laughed as I danced around the room, already pretending Cinderella and I were at the ball. It wouldn’t be long now.
My excitement grew with each passing day. Mother continued to work on the doll, and whenever I walked into the room she would hide it under a pillow. I could tell by her smile she was pleased with her progress. On Christmas morning I jumped out of bed, ran down the hall and quickly arrived at the living room where the Christmas tree was placed.
注意: 续写词数应为150左右。
There, underneath the tree, was a beautifully packed gift box.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
　　But I could see Mother watching me, with an eager look on her face.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
There, underneath the tree, was a beautifully packed gift box. Inside it was the “doll”! I expected. I opened it holding my breath. However, to my disappointment, it was totally different from the one that we saw at the store. She had a simple face, and wore a plain skirt. Her black woolen hair was pulled back in a tight tie, with no shiny tiara at all. She was nothing like Cinderella; she looked more like the ugly stepsister.
But I could see Mother watching me, with an eager look on her face. I stood there for a long moment and heard my mother sighed with relief, followed by a pleased smile. For the rest of the day, I made myself carry that homely doll everywhere. I even “fed” her with part of my Christmas dinner. Mother told me at one point that she was so glad I liked her!
【补偿训练】完成句子
1. The little boy committed himself to (承诺做) finish his homework at once.  
2. Although it was dark she insisted on going(坚持去) there by herself.  
3. We all thought that the drunk driver led to (导致) the terrible accident.  
4. My teacher suggested me/my turning to (建议我求助) an expert for help.  
5. In order to know the effect of the new medicine they tested on themselves(在他们自己身上测试).  
6. We all respect him for that he has made great contributions(做出巨大贡献) to our company.  
7. His being late for the meeting is due to (因为, 由于) his being overslept.  
8. Since he came to power(执政), the president has taken some reforms in many fields.  
9. She failed this test again. As a consequence(结果), her parents were very disappointed.  
10. Unexpectedly, his grandfather passed away (去世了) last night.