2024年五年级英语（译林三起）暑期复习讲义第15讲：一般现在时_zip

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第15讲：一般现在时
教学目标：
掌握一般现在时的用法，及一般现在时的句型转换。特别是动词三单的变化。

按要求改写句子
1. She likes grwing flwers.(改为否定句)
She _______ _______ grwing flwers.
2. What’s wrng with yu?（改写同义句）
What’s ________ ________ with yu?
3. I’m taking sme medicine nw. (改一般疑问句)
yu taking medicine nw?
4.Tday is Wednesday. （对划线部分提问）
________ ________ is it tday ?
5. every, lessns, have, I, seven, day(.)

desn’t like
What’s the matter with yu?
Are any
What day
I have seven lessns every day.
二、单词辨音，每小题画线部分读音相同的写T不相同的写F
1.（ ）traffic train 2.（ ）ship city

3.（ ）chair shirt 4.（ ）cake fat
TTFF
三、根据中文提示，完成下列句子。
1.你必须在12点之前回来。
Yu ________ _______ cme back _________12 ’clck.
2.为什么刘涛打开窗户？ ---因为他热。
---Why ______ Liu Ta _______ the windw? --- ________ he is very ________.
3. 你可以在医院的前面上车，在动物园门口下车。
Yu can ______ _______ the bus in frnt f the ______ and ________ ________ at the gate（大门）f the z.
4.她怎么了？她得了头痛。
What’s wrng with ________? She has a ________.
1 have t befre 2 des pen because ht 3 get n hspital get ff 4her headache
四、用所给词的正确形式填空。
_________(sit ) dwn, please.
2. Listen , Yang Ling _________(sing) in the rm.
3. Jim’s mther _______(watch) TV at eight every evening.
4. There __________ any bread n the table.
5. His father _________ (like) ________ (meat).
6.What ____ yu______( d) nw? I’m_______(dance).
7. _________(be) they_________(ck)? Yes, they _______
8. What _______(be) in the fridge? There are three __________(ptat).
9.D yu want___________(eat) sme rice?
10.Can yu help _______(we)______________(clean)the table.
11.The cffee ____________(smell) ____________.（well）
Sit
is singing
watches
isn’t
likes meat
are ding dancing
Are cking are
is ptates
t eat
us,clean
smells,gd
一般现在时
【知识梳理1】含有be动词的一般现在时
含有be动词的一般现在时一般“表示事物或人物的特征、状态”。
如：The sky is blue.
She is very tall.
(1) be 动词的选择
be动词的选择通常根据句子的主语来，一般遵循 “我是am,你是are, is跟着她他它，复数一律都用are”的原则；
当然，there be句型，be动词的确定遵循“就近原则”。
(2) 句型转换
否定句：主语+ be + nt +其它。 如：He is nt a wrker.
一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它？ 如：--Are yu a student? --Yes. I am. / N, I'm nt.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？ 如：Where is my bike?
【例题精讲】
选用合适的be动词：
1. Daniel and Tmmy _______ (be) in Class One.
2. I _______ (be) ill. I’m staying in bed.
3.--What day _______(be) it tday? --It’s Saturday.
解析：第一题，Daniel and Tmmy两个人用are； 第二题I用am；第三题看到后面的it用is。
答案：1. are 2.am 3. is
【巩固练习】
There _________any bikes near the rm.
A. are B. isn't C. aren't
解析：首先靠近be动词最近的名词为bikes，复数名词应该用are，但是选项中出现两个A.C由any可知是否定句
答案：C
【知识梳理2】含有实义动词的一般现在时
含有实义动词的一般现在时“表示经常性或习惯性的动作”。
(1) 行为动词的变化
非第三人称单数主语+动词原形(+其它)。如：We study English.
第三人称单数主语+动词三单(+其它)。 如：He studies English.
批注：此处也可以直接和学生说：不是第一人称（我，我们），也不是第二人称（你，你们），就是第三人称，当第三人称是单数时，即为三单。
(2) 动词三单的变化规则
1. 一般情况下，直接加-s，如：ck-cks, milk-milks
2. 以s. x. sh. ch. 结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, g-ges
3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies; fly-flies
4. 以 “元音字母+y”结尾，直接加s，如：stay-stays; enjy-enjys; buy-buys; play-plays
5. 不规则动词变化have—has
【例题精讲】
写出下列动词的第三人称单数：
drink ________ g _______ stay ________ make ________ lk _________
have_______ pass_______ carry ____ cme________ watch______
plant_______ fly ________ study_______ brush________ teach_______
答案：
drinks ges stays makes lks
has passes carries cmes watches
plants flies studies brushes teaches
【巩固练习】
用动词的适当形式填空：
1.The ld lady ften _________ (stay) at hme t watch TV.
2. Liu Xiang smetimes ________ (study) English in his free time.
3. Nw he _________ (have) a nice huse in his hmetwn.
解析：1. The ld lady不是你不是我，则是第三人称，而且是单数，则应该用动词的单数；
2. Liu Xiang同样也是第三人称，非你非我
3. 直接看到主语为第三人称he，动词注意要用三单
答案：1. stays 2. studies 3. has
【知识梳理3】特殊三单
最常见的第三人称为he, she, it, 可数名词的单数形式，人名和不可数名词。
特殊：1. 可以做主语的特殊疑问词wh, what和which也相当于第三人称单数；
2. 不定代词everybdy/everyne强调每一个人，视为单数；
3. pair做主语时，后动词形式由pair的单复数来决定。
【例题精讲】
例1. The milk ______ (taste) gd. Everyne ________(like) drinking it.
解析：这是陈述现在的状态，用一般现在时， 主语milk为不可数名词，所以动词要用第三人称单数形式，直
接在其后加s, everyne强调每一个人，视为第三人称单数，动词要变形式
答案：tastes； likes
批注：小学范围内常见的不可数名词有：水类（water, milk, juice, tea, cffee）肉类（meat, chicken, prk）及
其他bread, weather, news, music, fd, fun, hair等。
例2.Wh _________ (have) a ftball?
解析：当特殊疑问词做主语时，视为第三人称单数形式
答案：has
例3. --The pair f shes ________(lk)beautiful. I want t have a try.
--But I think the red shes ______ (lk) mre beautiful.
解析：当shes前有pair修饰时，强调的是双数，这里只有一双，而不是两双或者更多，用单数形式，而后面
的答句并没有pair来限制，只是说的是鞋子，强调的是两只鞋子，用复数形式。
答案：lks; lk
【巩固练习】
用所给词的适当形式填空：
1. Jack’s little sister________(study) pian.
2. A lt f cffee_______(be) bad fr ur health.
3. The factries_______(let) ut a lt f plluted air. The air_______(be) harmful t ur health.
4. Everybdy shuld________(d) smething t prtect ur earth.
5.Wh_______(can) make a pster?
答案：studies; is; let, is; d; can
【知识梳理4】句型转换
否定句：非三单主语+ dn't +动词原形(+其它)。 如：I dn't like bread.
三单主语+ desn't +动词原形(+其它)。 如：He desn't ften play.
一般疑问句：D+非三单主语+动词原形+其它？ 如：--D yu ften play ftball? --Yes, I d. / N, I dn't.
Des+三单主语+动词原形+其它？ 如：-- Des she g t wrk by bike? -- Yes, she des. / N, she desn't.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？
如：Hw des yur father g t wrk?
注意：第一人称与第二人称要相互转换。
【例题精讲】
用所给词的适当形式填空：
1. --What _________ he usually d n Sundays? --He _________ ftball. (play)
2. Mike _________ (like) cllecting cins, but Nancy __________(nt like) cllecting cins.
3.-- _________ (be) yur mther at hme nw? --N, she___________.
4. --_______ yur brther g shpping every week? --N, he __________(d) his hmewrk at hme.
5. _________Ben ___________(watch) at weekends?
解析：在一般现在时中，用词的正确形式填空，若给到的词不是be动词，则空中不可能出现be动词；若是疑
问句，则第一空必为d/ des.这是句型转换的逆定理用法，如何判断d和des则要看句子的主语是否为三
单，第二空则用动词的原形。因为d和des被称为助动词，是用来帮助动词构成问句和否定句的，其后一定要出现动词，且动词是原形。4 题为一般疑问句，后出现动词原形g，所以此处一定要用助动词，主语为
yur brther为三单，则用des。同理第5题一样可以很快得出答案。
答案：1. des; plays 2. likes; desn’t like 3. Is; isn’t 4. Des; des 5. Des, watch
【巩固练习】
按照要求改写句子：
1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)
_____________________________________________________
I d my hmewrk every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)
____________________________________________________
3. She is always a gd student.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答) ______________________________________________________
4. Jhn cmes frm Canada.(对划线部分提问)
___________________________________________
答案：1. Daniel desn’t watch TV every mrning.
2. --D yu d yur hmewrk every day? --N, I dn’t.
3. --Is she always a gd student? --Yes, she is.
4. Where des Jhn cme frm?
批注：因为很多学生在对划线部分提问的句子中，平白无故地出现be动词，可以让学生记得“原句无be，则无be”的口诀；其次，在一般现在时中，若陈述句中动词以s结尾，进行句型转换时，可以直接选用des，因
为动词三单虽然规则不一，但都是以s结尾，可以让基础差的学生这样记
课堂练习
一、用词的正确形式填空。
1. Nick _______ (nt g) t the z n Sunday.
2. ______ they ________ (like) the Wrld Cup?
3. What _______they ften _______ (d) n Saturdays?
4. _______ yur parent _______ (read) newspapers every day?
5. The girl _______ (teach) us English at the mment.
6. She and I ________ (take) a walk tgether every evening after supper.
7. The children_________(make) a pster nw.
答案：1. desn’t g 2. D; like 3. d; d 4. Des; read 5. is teaching 6. take 7. are making
二、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上) 。
1. Is yur brther speak English? __________________
2. Des he likes ging fishing? __________________
3. He likes play games after class. __________________
4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. __________________
5. She dn’t d her hmewrk nw. _________________
答案：1. Is→Des 2. likes→like 3. play→playing 4. teachs→teahches 5. dn’t→isn’t
完形填空。
A
Wang Bing ___1___ an English friend, Jack. He __2___ an e-mail t Jack in the cmputer rm. Ga Shan cmes in. He __3___ t play table tennis with Wang Bing. But Wang Bing can’t. He is busy.
Jack __4__ in small twn near Lndn. His father is frm England and his mther is frm Japan. They __5__
English and Japanese. Jack’s father __6__ English in a primary schl. He likes teaching. Jack’s mther desn’t
wrk. She is a husewife. She des all the cking and ___7__. Jack likes China very much. But he __8____ Chinese at schl. He usually plays ftball n Sundays. And he can swim well, t.
( ) 1. A. have B. has C. haves
( ) 2. A. is writing B. writing C. writing
( ) 3. A. want B. wants C. is wanting
( ) 4. A. is living B. lives C. t live
( ) 5. A. speaking B. speaks C. speak
( ) 6. A. teachs B. teaches C. teaching
( ) 7. A. cleaning B. clean C. cleans
( ) 8. A. studies B. desn’t study C. dn’t study
解析：
1. 整篇文章时间都是在现在的范围内，从选项来看，确定为一般现在时，首先可以排除掉C，没有这种写法，A.B的区别在于单复数，看到主语为he，可知为has；
2. 这是一句缺少时间状语，其实没有办法判断，但是从选项可以看出，是考查现在进行时的结构；
3. 首先主语为第三人称，所以A选项一定错误，在BC当中选择，从专题的内容可知，像心理这一类的动作一
般没有进行时态，可以得知是wants；
4. 现在住在靠近伦敦的小镇，不是说话时刻停止就没有这样的动作，可以判断是现在的一种状态，用一般现在
时；
5. 说英语是一种能力，是现在的一种状态，不用现在进行时；
6. 以ch结尾的动词变为第三人称时，加上es；
7. 此题无关时态，从and连接前后一致可以判断此处应该用ing形式；
8. but表示一种转折，Jack住在英国，虽然很喜欢中国，但是在学校不用学习中文，而且第三人称用的助动词为des.
答案：1-8 BABB CBAB
B
It is Saturday tday. It’s a sunny day. Many students are 1 in the park. Sme bys 2 beside the lake(湖). They are playing with the fish. Sme girls are under the tree. They are 3 . 4 a dg beside
them. It’s 5 the girls. 6 the chair, there 7 tw yung men(年轻人). They’re 8
with each ther. A girl is 9 . Perhaps she’s their sister. There’s 10 ice cream in her hand. All the
peple(人)are very happy.
( )1. A. play B. playing C. playing with
( )2. A. is B. are C. am
( )3. A. singing B. sing C. swimming
( )4. A. There’re B. There’s C. It’s
( )5. A. lking B. lking at C. lk at
( )6. A. On B. In C. Under
( )7. A. is B. are C. it
( )8. A. chat B. chatting C. chating
( )9. A. cmeing B. cme C. cming
( )10. A. a B. an C. the
答案：1-5 B B A B B 6-10 A B B C B
方法总结： 做完型时，首先从文章的整体来判断时态是否在现在时间范围内，进行选择时，最好选择排除法，从选项中寻找答案，对比选项的不同，这样的思维更为缜密些。对于一般现在时和现在进行时的本质区别在于一般现在时侧重一般，现在进行时侧重进行，所以只需要判断这样一个动作是经常性的，一般情况下的，还是很短时间内即结束的。类似的，做阅读时，尤其是回答式的阅读，要注意时态的句式转换，做到回答完整。
四、阅读短文并回答问题。
Alice always ges t schl very early. She likes t play chess with her friends befre class. But after schl she des nt g hme early. On her way hme, she likes t lk at the cats in a pet shp. She likes a lvely white cat best.
Tday is Alice’s birthday. But she can’t find the lvely white pet cat n her way hme. She is a little sad. At hme, mum shws her a big birthday cake and dad gives her a present—the lvely white pet cat! Alice is very happy. Alice will nt cme back hme late after schl.
1. Is Alice a by r a girl?
__________________________________________
2. What des Alice like t d n her way hme?
__________________________________________
3. Des Alice like playing chess?
__________________________________________
4. What des Alice’s father give her as a birthday present?
__________________________________________
答案：1. Alice is a girl.
2. She likes t lk at the cats in a pet shp.
3. Yes, she des.
4. He gives her a white pet cat.
五、阅读下面的短文，根据首字母提示补全单词。
Shanghai is a big city. Many peple want t v_____ it this summer. Tm is an American by. He l_______ in New Yrk. He will cme t Shanghai by p_____ with his parents. Frm the Internet, he knws it’s sunny and h____
in summer in Shanghai. S they have gt sunglasses and caps. They als want t find a Chinese friend t be their guide(导游)，because they can’t s _____ Chinese. He thinks they will have a gd time.
答案：visit; lives; plane; ht; speak
一般现在时
含有be动词的一般现在时一般“表示事物或人物的特征、状态”；
含有实义动词的一般现在时“表示经常性或习惯性的动作”；
要注意be动词和实义动词的三单形式的变化。
2. 现在进行时用来表示现在正在进行或发生的动作；结构是：be+动词现在分词。
一．选出下列每组单词划线部分字母发音不同的选项。（每题1分，共5分）
( ) 1. A. water B. wh C. where
( ) 2. A. chair B. headache C. March
( ) 3. A. fly B. city C. family
( ) 4. A. dress B. driver C. dinner
( ) 5. A. table B. traffic C. travel
二．英汉互译。（每题1分，共10分）
1. 一些土豆 ______________ 2. wash the dishes ________________
3. 问路 ______________ 4. a ftball game ________________
5. 乘坐火车 ______________ 6. take sme medicine ________________
7. 休息 ______________ 8. a great ck ________________
9. 觉得冷 ______________ 10. next t the hspital________________
三．单项选择。（每题1分，共10分）
( )1.There _______ a lt f meat n the plate.
A. are B. have C. is
( )2. _______ his mther cking meat with ptates?
A. Is B. D C. Are
( )3.Tm’s mther is washing clthes.Tm is helping_______.
A. them B. she C. her
( )4.----When’s ? ----It’s n the secnd Sunday f May.
A. Mther’s Day B. Teachers’ Day C. Children’s Day
( )5.___________ Liu Ta like meat?
A. D B. Des C. Is
( )6.My father is _____ cmputer games beside me.
A.play B.plays C.playing
( )7.____ yur sister watching TV?
A.Are B.Is C.D
( )8.Here _______ sme water fr yu.
A.are B.is C.isn’t
( )9. Excuse me, hw d I get _________hme?
A. t B. frm C. /
( )10.---When’s yur birthday?
---It’s_______first f April.
A.the B.n the C.n
选择合适的词填空。（每题1分，共10分）
She _______(have/has) a gd time every day.
Where _______(is/are) my glves?
Why can’t yu _______(ges/g) hme nw?
He likes_______(riding/ride) a bike in the park.
Hw d I _______(get/getting)t the shp n the Mn Street?
What’s wrng with_______(she/her)?
It is five ’clck in the afternn,Tm_____________(sweeps/is sweeping) the flr in the classrm.
Is yur father_______(lks/lking) fr his new clthes nw?
It is _______(first/ne) f January.It’s New Year tday.
She wants _______(wash/t wash) dishes fr her parents.
选出下列每组单词划线部分字母发音不同的选项。
A B A C A
（此题考察学生对四会单词的掌握情况。）
二．英汉互译.
1.sme ptates 2.洗碗 3.ask the way 4.一场足球赛 5.by train 6.吃些药
7.have a rest 8. 一个了不起的厨师 9.feel cld 10.靠近医院
（此题考察学生对四会单词的掌握情况。）
三．单项选择。
1-5 C A C A B 6-10 C B B C A
（此题考察学生对所学英语句型的掌握情况。）
四．选择合适的词填空。
has 2.are 3.g 4.riding 5.get t
6.her 7.is sweeping 8.lking 9.the first 10.t wash
（此题考察学生对所学英语句型的掌握情况以及词的用法。）
五.完型填空
Jim Green is an annuncer(播音员）fr the prgram. Mst f the girls___1____ bys like the prgram. They ___2___like Jim Green. Sme f them ften make phne calls t him and thank him ___3___ his wrk. There are lts f ___4___ t him every day, t.
Jim Green gets up at 6:00 every mrning. He has bread and a glass f milk ___5___ breakfast. He leaves hme at 6:30 and ___6___ his ffice at 7:15.
The prgram ___7____ at 7:30.He plays the new recrds (唱片）f the pp sngs and mdern music fr his listeners. At 8:00 it's time ____8____ the news.
Jim finishes wrk at 10:30. He ges hme ____9____ his car. He ___10___ newspaper and listens t music after supper.
He thinks his life is very interesting.
【 】1. A. and B. with C. but D. abut
【 】2. A. t B. t C. als D. s
【 】3. A.. t B.. fr . C.. f D... and
【 】4. A. letter B. letters C. friends D. wrds
【 】5. A. at B. with C. fr D. t
【 】6. A. ges B. gets C. gets t D. gets up
【 】7. A. begins B. finishes C. ver D. start
【 】8. A. t B. fr C. f D. in
【 】9. A. by B. in C. n D. takes
【 】10. A. lks B. reads C. sees D. watches
答案：ACBBCCABBB