专题10 七选五 段中题通关-备考2024年高考英语二轮复习满分策略精讲通关练

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一、在复习语言点的时候，要依据语言的横向组合和纵向聚合，按照“点—线—面”顺序，构建知识网络环境。
二、多做高考题，少扣模拟题
1、时间的把控。
2、总结一下各部分的得分情况，了解自己的强弱项。
3、留意出题点，揣摩不同内容出题人的着眼点在哪里，做到知己知彼。
三、多攻词汇表，少记课外词
四、写作。研究高考写作命题话题范围，根据测试的频度和交际场景的生活化程度进行分类。
专题10 七选五段中题通关练
七选五段中题解题策略
名校优选专项通关练

【解题策略】
七选五在近几年高考中难度有提升的趋势，解题时结构，位置、词汇和逻辑关系应当兼顾考虑，才能提高解题正确率。
段中题：设空处位于段落中间则起到承上启下，过渡、举例、解释、说明等功能。。
策略：1. 标点符号法：先看设空处后是不是句中，如果是句子，看是否有连词，如果没有连词，要选的选项应该是短语或是带有连词的从句。这样可以迅速缩小选择范文。
2. 逻辑关系法：文章各段、句之间有一定的语义逻辑关系。如：上下句之间为并列关系或递进关系、转折或让步关系、因果关系、解释或例证关系等。解题时理清句子逻辑关系，并据此选出答案。
例证关系：前后句的某个句子是为了证明另外一个句子而举的例子。例证的形式多种多样，但就其本质而言无非是思维上的形象如，类比、例子和抽象观点的辩证关系，用到的思维过程无非就是基本的归纳（从例子到观点）和推理（从观点到例子）。
递进关系：主要指后句对前句的一种顺承逻辑关系。如果设空前后两句话之间是逻辑上的递进关系，则空格处很可能是个递进的句子。
转折关系：指后句对前句构成逆转逻辑关系。如果设空处前后两句话是逻辑上的逆转，则空格处很可能是个转折逻辑的句子。
因果关系：主要指前后的句子有着原因和结果之间的关系。这种关系往往说明了前因后果或者前果后因等情况。
3. 代词指代法：为了避免重复，不同的代词可以指代上文提到的人或事。可根据上下句子的指代关系缩小选择范围。
【名校优选专项通关练】
（2024·湖南长沙·统考一模）
Micrplastics are fund almst everywhere in fd, drinking water, csmetics (化妆品), husehld prducts. 1 . Hwever, there are steps we can take t minimize ur micrplastic intake.
Emplying a glass water bttle instead f a plastic ne
Canadian research frm 2019 fund that bttled water cntains 22 times mre micrplastics than tap water, meaning smene wh nly drinks bttled water wuld take in 130,000 mre particles a year, cmpared t 4,000 frm tap water. 2 . They als suggest filling it with water that has gne thrugh a reverse smsis filter (反渗透过滤器) which can help t remve the micrplastics in tap water.
A．Using metal r glass cffee cups
B．Aviding using plastic material n ht fd
C．Remember: d place them in a nn-plastic plate
D．Experts recmmend using a glass bttle when yu’re n the g
E．It’s almst impssible t get rid f plastic frm ur mdern lives
F．Whatever yu eat, never put it in a plastic cntainer cnsidering heath
G．Experts suggest lking at ther surces f plastic in yur children’s lives
【答案】1．E 2．D
【解析】
1．根据上文“Micrplastics are fund almst everywhere in fd, drinking water, csmetics (化妆品), husehld prducts. (微塑料在食品、饮用水、化妆品、家用产品中几乎无处不在。)”可知，上文提到了微塑料无处不在，即想要摆脱塑料是不可能的。故E选项“从我们的现代生活中摆脱塑料几乎是不可能的。”符合语境，故选E。
2．根据上文“Canadian research frm 2019 fund that bttled water cntains 22 times mre micrplastics than tap water, meaning smene wh nly drinks bttled water wuld take in 130,000 mre particles a year, cmpared t 4,000 frm tap water. (加拿大2019年的一项研究发现，瓶装水的塑料微粒含量是自来水的22倍，这意味着只喝瓶装水的人每年会多摄入13万个塑料微粒，而自来水则多摄入4000个。)”可知，上文提到了瓶装水会导致摄入微塑料，可知本句是在建议避免摄入微塑料的正确做法。故D选项“专家建议在旅途中使用玻璃瓶。”符合语境，故选D。
2.（2023·河北·高三校联考阶段练习）
Having an ff day when yu feel stressed r sad is ttally nrmal. 1 We’ve put tgether sme different things yu can try t help turn yur md arund and get feeling like yurself again.
Take a few minutes t breathe deeply. The simple actin f taking full, deep breaths can help yu start t feel better. Deep breathing increases xygen supply thrughut the bdy. 2 Deep breathing als helps activate yur parasympathetic nervus system, which prduces a calming effect.
Start keeping diaries. 3 It is a way t cgnitively deal with the circumstances behind hw yu are feeling. In fact, studies have shwn that writing ffers benefits f emtinal well-being, including relief f emtinal distress. Besides, adjurning has been shwn t benefit the immune system.
A．Take a break t laugh.
B．G ahead and cry if yu need t.
C．Take sme time fr yurself and treat yurself.
D．It’s als been linked t an increased sense f self-wrth.
E．Writing dwn yur feelings prvides a great benefit.
F．This can help t relax muscles and reduce yur bld pressure.
G．The gd news is that there are things yu can d fr yurself t start feeling better.
【答案】1．G 2．F 3．E
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了让自己感觉更好的几种方法。
1．根据上文“Having an ff day when yu feel stressed r sad is ttally nrmal.(当你感到压力或悲伤时，心情不好是完全正常的)”可知，有感觉不好的时候是正常的，结合后文“We’ve put tgether sme different things yu can try t help turn yur md arund and get feeling like yurself again.(我们整理了一些不同的方法，你可以试着改变你的情绪，重新找回自我)”提到有一些方法可以让你感觉更好，因此G项“好消息是，你可以为自己做一些事情来开始感觉更好”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
2．根据空前的“Deep breathing increases xygen supply thrughut the bdy.(深呼吸可以增加全身的供氧量)”以及空后的“Deep breathing als helps activate yur parasympathetic nervus system, which prduces a calming effect.(深呼吸也有助于激活你的副交感神经系统，产生镇静效果)”可知，空处在讲深呼吸的好处，F项“这有助于放松肌肉，降低血压。”符合语境。故选F。
3．本段的主旨句是“Start keeping diaries.(开始写日记)”建议写日记，可知本句是在说明日记的内容。而E项“把你的感受写下来会有很大的好处”中的Writing dwn yur feelings正是与写日记相关。故选E。
3.（2024·安徽亳州·高三统考期末）
Plan regular breaks.
Step away fr a few minutes every hur s yu dn’t feel verwrked. Since studying takes up a lt f energy and brainpwer, schedule in 5-10 minutes every hur when yu just relax.________ Otherwise, yu wn’t feel as alert as yu nrmally wuld.
A．Fcus n hard tpics first.
B．Schedule time t study every day.
C．Avid wrking thrugh the breaks yu’ve scheduled.
D．Keep yur study sessins shrter s yu dn’t get wrn ut.
E．In this way, all f the similar infrmatin is rganized and easy t read.
F．Find a place where yu wn’t have truble cncentrating n the material.
G．Give yurself smething t lk frward t when yu finish yur studies.
【答案】C
【解析】根据上文“Since studying takes up a lt f energy and brainpwer, schedule in 5-10 minutes every hur when yu just relax.(由于学习需要大量的精力和脑力，所以在你放松的时候，每小时安排5-10分钟。)”可知，学习一小时后需要休息5-10分钟。C选项“Avid wrking thrugh the breaks yu’ve scheduled.(避免在你安排的休息时间内工作。)”符合文意。故选C项。
4.（2024·河北·高三石家庄市第四十一中学期末）
Nthing makes r breaks a camping trip mre than hw cmfrtable yu are at night, and keeping warm is a pririty in mst seasns. 1 . Here are sme imprtant tips fr hw t stay warm in a tent.
Set yur tent up prperly
On a fine day, it may feel unnecessary t put a camping tarp (防水油布)under yur tent, r t put the tp flysheet n. 2 . Flysheets help t avid rain int the tent’s inner layer, s it’s imprtant t fix them prperly.
Get a seasn-apprpriate sleeping bag
Lightweight sleeping bags are usually nly apprpriate fr summer camping. 3 . Winter-weight sleeping bags are ften very thick r heavy and are usually cly apprpriate if yu’re ging camping in temperatures that drp belw freezing vernight.
A．Wear different night clthes
B．Chse mre suitable sprts clthes
C．There are varius ways yu can heat a tent
D．Yur equipment plays a vital rle in staying warm
E．These can be laid n the flr r beneath yur sleeping bag
F．Hwever, these are bth imprtant ways f separating yur tent
G．Thicker sleeping bags may be mre cmfrtable in winter camping
【答案】1．D 2．F 3．G
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍在帐篷中保暖的重要技巧，包括正确搭建帐篷、选择适合季节的睡袋、更换干燥的睡衣以及使用地毯或垫子分隔帐篷等方法。
1．上文“Nthing makes r breaks a camping trip mre than hw cmfrtable yu are at night, and keeping warm is a pririty in mst seasns.(没有什么比夜晚的舒适程度更能决定一次露营之旅的成败，在大多数季节里，保暖都是头等大事)”指出露营时保暖的重要性，D项“Yur equipment plays a vital rle in staying warm(你的装备在保暖方面起着至关重要的作用)”将话题引向“装备”，进而引出下文“Here are sme imprtant tips fr hw t stay warm in a tent.(这里有一些关于如何在帐篷里保暖的重要建议)”中“如何在在帐篷里保暖”这一话题，三个句子中都提到“保暖”这一概念，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。
2．上文“On a fine day, it may feel unnecessary t put a camping tarp (防水油布) under yur tent, r t put the tp flysheet n.(在晴朗的日子里，你可能觉得没有必要在帐篷下面放一块防水油布，或者把最上面的帆布盖上)”提到晴朗的日子，可能会觉得没有必要使用防水油布和遮阳帆布，F项“Hwever, these are bth imprtant ways f separating yur tent (然而，这两个都是隔开帐篷的重要方法)”与上文构成转折关系，说明使用防水油布和遮阳帆布的重要性，句中“bth”指代上文中“put a camping tarp (防水油布) under yur tent, r t put the tp flysheet n”，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。
3．上文“Lightweight sleeping bags are usually nly apprpriate fr summer camping. (轻便的睡袋通常只适合夏季露营)”介绍了轻便睡袋只适合夏季露营，G项“Thicker sleeping bags may be mre cmfrtable in winter camping(冬季露营时，厚一点的睡袋可能会更舒服)”承接上文，说明冬季露营需要厚一点的睡袋，引出下文“Winter-weight sleeping bags are ften very thick r heavy and are usually cly apprpriate if yu’re ging camping in temperatures that drp belw freezing vernight.(冬季睡袋通常很厚或很重，如果你要在气温低于冰点的地方过夜，那么睡袋通常很适合)”对冬季睡袋的介绍，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。
5.（2024·广东·模拟预测）
Whenever yu pick up an apple and prepare t eat it, yu may ntice a small sticker attached t the fruit with a rw f fur r five numbers n it.That string f numbers is smething called a Price Lk-Up (PLU) cde. 1 It’s designed t help supermarkets get t knw their inventry (库存) f fruits and vegetables, and t make it easy fr checkut clerks t knw what t charge fr a particular item. Thus, yu can get thrugh the line and ut f the dr mre quickly.
Frm the cde, yu can als knw what specific variety f a particular fruit r vegetable yu’re ging t enjy — whether it’s a Hneycrisp apple r a Shamuti range. And it may tell yu the size f the fruit r vegetable. 2 Yu may knw whether it was grwn cnventinally (常规地) r n an rganic farm.
A vlunteer cmmittee develped PLUs in 1988. One imprtant reasn why PLUs were invented was t enable supermarkets t tell the difference between cnventinally grwn fruits and vegetables and higher-priced rganic fd. As rganic prduce was being intrduced then, cashiers ften wrngly sld it at the cnventinal price. 3 There are nw mre than 1,500 different PLUs in use arund the glbe. 4 Just type in the cde frm a sticker n a piece f fruit, and it will tell yu that 3114, fr example, refers t an extra large green mang,belnging t the Keitt r Francis varieties f that fruit.
A．The functin is fairly simple.
B．PLU cdes have a lng histry.
C．Yu prbably think rganic fd is healthier.
D．The appearance f PLUs helped slve this prblem.
E．Besides, it shws where the fruit r vegetable cmes frm.
F．The future f fruit and vegetable stickers is still uncertain.
G．Yu can use the PLU search app t knw what a particular ne means.
【答案】1．A 2．E 3．D 4．G
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了水果蔬菜上面贴的PLU（价格查询代码）的用途，由来以及随着技术的发展，它可能会被标记水果和蔬菜代码的激光所代替。
1．下文“It’s designed t help supermarkets get t knw their inventry (库存) f fruits and vegetables, and t make it easy fr checkut clerks t knw what t charge fr a particular item.(它旨在帮助超市了解他们的水果和蔬菜库存，并让收银员更容易知道特定商品的收费)”说明发明PLU代码的目的以及用途。空处引出下文，说明PLU代码的功能其实非常的简单，就是让超市了解水果蔬菜的库存以及让收银员知道特定商品的价格。A项“功能相当简单。”符合语境。故选A。
2．上文“And it may tell yu the size f the fruit r vegetable.(它可能会告诉你水果或蔬菜的大小)”说明从PLU标签中可知知道水果或蔬菜的大小。空处和前文为递进关系，同时说明能够从PLU代码获取什么信息。E项中的it指代前文中的cde，说明除了知道水果或蔬菜的大小之外，它还可以让人们知道蔬菜或水果来自哪里。E选项“此外，它还显示了水果或蔬菜的来源。”符合语境。故选E。
3．上文“As rganic prduce was being intrduced then, cashiers ften wrngly sld it at the cnventinal price.(由于当时引入了有机农产品，收银员经常错误地以传统价格出售)”说明收银员经常错误将有机农产品以传统产品的价格出售。空处给出解决此问题的办法。D项中的“this prblem”指代前文中的“cashiers ften wrngly sld it at the cnventinal price”，说明D项“PLU的出现帮助解决了这个问题”符合语境。故选D。
4．下文“Just type in the cde frm a sticker n a piece f fruit, and it will tell yu that 3114, fr example, refers t an extra large green mang,belnging t the Keitt r Francis varieties f that fruit.(例如，只要输入水果贴纸上的代码，它就会告诉你，3114指的是一个超大的绿色芒果，属于该水果的Keitt或Francis品种)”说明输入水果贴纸上的代码会获得什么样的信息。空处承上启下。G项中的“what a particular ne means”和上文中的“mre than 1,500 different PLUs in use”相呼应，“the PLU search app”和下文中的“type in the cde”相呼应，说明G项“您可以使用PLU搜索应用程序来了解特定代码的含义”符合语境。故选G。
6.（2024·全国·校联考一模）
Graduate schl can be an intense and demanding perid in yur life. 1 This may make it difficult fr yu t maintain gd health.
Keeping a balanced diet becmes particularly challenging when yur daily rutine runs arund academic tasks. 2 Despite its cnvenience and lack f time, it ften leads t cnsuming meals lw in nutrients and high in calries. Thus, meal planning can be highly beneficial, helping t ensure a balanced diet despite a busy schedule. Als, remember t drink mre water. The bdy’s need fr water increases when under stress. Ignring it can lead t failure f cre bdy functins.
A．Many students pt fr fast fd.
B．Mental health shuld nt be verlked.
C．The lng hurs f studying can easily cnsume all yur time.
D．Shrt walks, r desk exercises, fr example, are gd chices.
E．Gd health des nt necessarily mean sacrifice f academic success.
F．Therefre, it’s crucial t find a balance between academic pursuits and physical health.
G．Exercising regularly is anther effective tl fr managing the demands f graduate schl.
【答案】1．C 2．A
【解析】本文为一篇说明文。研究生院生活很紧张且苛刻，对于保持好的健康造成了挑战，本文介绍了研究生院的压力，并对如何处理这些压力保持健康提出了建议。
1．空前“Graduate schl can be an intense and demanding perid in yur life.(研究生院可能是你一生中紧张而又苛刻的一段时期)”及空后“This may make it difficult fr yu t maintain gd health.(这可能会使你难以保持良好的健康)”可知，空处描述研究生院时期的难以保持好的健康的挑战，C选项“长时间的学习很容易消耗你所有的时间”符合语境。故选C项。
2．空前“Keeping a balanced diet becmes particularly challenging when yur daily rutine runs arund academic tasks.(当你的日常生活都围绕着学习任务时，保持均衡饮食就变得特别具有挑战性)”表明学习任务重会忽略饮食，空后“Despite its cnvenience and lack f time, it ften leads t cnsuming meals lw in nutrients and high in calries.(尽管它很方便，不用太多时间，但它经常导致人们摄入低营养和高热量的食物)”可知，A选项“许多学生选择快餐”与空后its cnvenience and lack f time相呼应，表明快餐方便，时间段，但是营养不均衡。故选A项。
7.（2024·北京东城·高三统考期末）
The Science f Cmfrt Fd
Sme fds are especially emtinally satisfying fr reasns that have little t d with their taste r nutritinal cntent, thugh. 1 And many favrite American cmfrt fds—chili, say—are nt particularly sweet r high in carbhydrates (碳水化合物). Often we lve fd because we have fnd memries assciated with it. One dish I cannt live withut at a New Year party is my mm’s Snwy Mashed Ptates, which remind me f hliday jy and past reunins with extended family.
2 Smetimes yu might feel sad when yu eat fds that remind yu f lved nes yu miss. We may als avid fds that we assciate with bad experiences. I haven’t eaten cttage cheese since I was 8 years ld, because it was the last thing I ate befre rlling ff the bed with a terrible stmachache.
In additin t past memries, the cntext in which we eat fds matters, t. 3 And ur gustatry (味觉的) experiences can be heightened by “a sense f cmmunity, a sense f warmth and enjying it tgether”. I appreciate my mum’s ptates even mre tday when I eat them with my husband and tw children.
A．Fd is essential fr ur survival.
B．These assciatins can g the ther way, t.
C．We desire cmfrt fds when we feel lnely.
D．It shapes hw much we enjy them in the mment.
E．Their taste and nutritinal cntent affect hw we feel.
F．Our memry fr smell can be lng-lasting and precise.
G．After all, different cultures have different cmfrt fds.
【答案】 1．G 2．B 3．D
【解析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍舒适食物的科学。
1．根据上文“Sme fds are especially emtinally satisfying fr reasns that have little t d with their taste r nutritinal cntent, thugh. (然而，有些食物在情感上特别令人满意，原因与它们的味道或营养成分无关。)”可知，这里说明人们对不同的食物有不同的反应。选项G“毕竟，不同的文化有不同的安慰食品。”和上文意思一致。故选G。
2．根据下文“Smetimes yu might feel sad when yu eat fds that remind yu f lved nes yu miss. We may als avid fds that we assciate with bad experiences. I haven’t eaten cttage cheese since I was 8 years ld, because it was the last thing I ate befre rlling ff the bed with a terrible stmachache. (有时，当你吃的食物让你想起你想念的亲人时，你可能会感到难过。我们也可能会避免吃那些与糟糕经历有关的食物。我从8岁起就没有吃过农家奶酪，因为这是我胃疼得从床上滚下来之前最后吃的东西。)”可知，这一段介绍的是有的食物会让人想到糟糕的经历，和上一段正好相反。选项B“这些关联也可以反过来。”和下文意思一致。故选B。
3．根据上文“In additin t past memries, the cntext in which we eat fds matters, t. (除了过去的记忆，我们吃食物的环境也很重要。)”可知，这里提到我们吃食物的环境也很重要，接下来要解释重要的原因。选项D“它决定了我们此刻有多喜欢它们。”和上文意思一致。故选D。
（2024·河南·高三校联考期末）
Test anxiety exists and is a cmmn prblem amng students. 1 . When yu’re stressed and anxius during an exam, yur mind has a tendency t g cmpletely blank. Here are sme tips n hw t reduce r vercme test anxiety.
Get t knw the material
First, yu need t knw the tpic f the exam. 2 . Knwing as much as pssible abut the material can get yu ready fr the test. As t any exam, learn yur material thrughly. Memrize what needs t be memrized and understand what needs t be understd.
A．Dare t be the first
B．Budget and cnsume yur time
C．A sund sleep may help yu ease the test anxiety
D．They might destry all that yu have prepared fr
E．Anyne taking an exam experiences sme level f anxiety
F．Rushing thrugh a test can make yu read the questins and chices incrrectly
G．Als, find ut hw many questins there wuld be n the test and the required time fr it
【答案】1．E 2．G
【解析】
1．上文“Test anxiety exists and is a cmmn prblem amng students. (考试焦虑是学生普遍存在的问题)”提到考试焦虑在学生群体中是一个普遍存在的问题，E选项“任何参加考试的人都会有一定程度的焦虑”对上文进行进一步说明，表示这个问题的普遍性。故选E项。
2．由小标题“Get t knw the material (了解材料)”可知本段的主旨是要了解考试材料内容，再根据上文“First, yu need t knw the tpic f the exam. (首先，你需要知道考试的题目)”推知，空处应陈述还应注意的问题，G选项“此外，要弄清楚试卷上设置了多少问题以及规定的时间”和设空前的句子呈并列关系，且符合本段主旨。故选G项。
（2024·山东菏泽·高三统考期末）
Culture shck is the experience that ften accmpanies mving t an unfamiliar place. It culd be marked by feeling lst, anxius r hesitant. 1 Yu’ll becme accustmed t the same things that initially “shcked” yu! Read n fr tips fr vercming culture shck in a shrt time.
When deciding t visit an entirely new place, dn’t expect the traditins and cultures fllwed by yur current hme t be fllwed by the new land. 2 S keep yur expectatins lw.
Even thugh it is an unfamiliar envirnment hsting different cultures and traditins frm the ne yu’re used t, it’s vital t braden yur mind and be willing t try new things. Dn’t be quick t frm discriminatry judgments just because it is “dd”. Have a g at smething different, like a fd r clthing — different isn’t necessarily bad. Never d yu knw where yu might find an interest.
A．Integrity breaks dwn barriers.
B．Yu can gain insight int yur surrundings.
C．Culture shck will eventually disappear, thugh.
D．Every city r cuntry has its wn values and beliefs.
E．Never d yu knw where yu might find an interest.
F．Cnsequently, such memries are what yu shuld treasure.
G．As lng as yu stick t that, yu’ll sn adjust t the new culture.
【答案】1．C 2．D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了短时间内克服文化冲击的建议。
1．根据上文“Culture shck is the experience that ften accmpanies mving t an unfamiliar place. It culd be marked by feeling lst, anxius r hesitant.(文化冲击是指移居到一个不熟悉的地方所带来的体验。它的特点可能是感到失落、焦虑或犹豫)”以及后文“Yu’ll becme accustmed t the same things that initially “shcked” yu!(你会习惯最初“震惊”你的同样的事情)”可知，后文提到了会习惯文化冲击，说明文化冲击最终会消失。故C选项“文化冲击最终会消失”符合语境，故选C。
2．根据上文“When deciding t visit an entirely new place, dn’t expect the traditins and cultures fllwed by yur current hme t be fllwed by the new land.(当你决定去一个全新的地方旅游时，不要指望你现在的家乡所遵循的传统和文化会被新的地方所遵循)”可知，上文提到了新的地方有新的传统和文化，故本句承接上文说明每个地方文化方面的不同。故D选项“每个城市或国家都有自己的价值观和信仰”符合语境，故选D。
10.（2024·河北·高三校联考阶段练习）
As a registered dietitian, I have sme g-t healthy-eating tips that I depend n when peple want t eat mre healthfully. 1 . T make healthy-eating habit changes mre sustainable, I generally recmmend that peple chse tw r three tips t kick-start their healthy-eating jurney.
Skip drinks with added sugars. The Dietary Guidelines fr Americans recmmends that peple limit their added sugar intake t less than 10% f their ttal calries. 2 . Yet, the average intake f added sugars amng US adults is far beynd the suggested amunt.
Eat 2 t 3 servings f nn-fried fish every week. The Dietary Guidelines fr Americans suggests that mst Americans eat at least 8 unces f fish every week. 3 . Fish eaters appear t live an average f 2.2 years lnger than peple wh dn’t eat fish. This is linked t a number f ther ptential health benefits t.
A．Add fruit t yur midday snack
B．Yur meals are meant t be enjyed
C．Change highly prcessed meat fr fresher ptins
D．Hwever, the majrity f peple are missing the mark
E．Fr a 2,000-calrie diet, that means arund 12 teaspns f the sweet stuff
F．All f my tips are simple t d and they wn’t require cmplicated methds
G．Yet, nutritius as it is, nly 20% f adults are drinking even ne glass f this drink a day
【答案】1．F 2．E 3．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何养成健康的饮食习惯。
1．从空前的“As a registered dietitian, I have sme g-t healthy-eating tips that I depend n when peple want t eat mre healthfully.(作为一名注册营养师，当人们想要吃得更健康时，我有一些健康饮食的建议。)”以及空后的“I generally recmmend(我一般建议)”可知，作者在此讲述自己的建议。F选项“All f my tips are simple t d and they wn’t require cmplicated methds(我所有的建议都很简单，不需要复杂的方法)”说明了作者的建议是简单的，其中的tips与空前的tips为同词复现，能够承上启下。故选F。
2．根据本段主题句“Skip drinks with added sugars.(不要喝添加糖的饮料。)”和本段内容可知，本段是讲述与糖有关的事情，空前“The Dietary Guidelines fr Americans recmmends that peple limit their added sugar intake t less than 10% f their ttal calries.(《美国人膳食指南》建议人们将添加糖的摄入量限制在总热量的10%以下。)”说明了建议的糖摄入量，E选项“Fr a 2,000-calrie diet, that means arund 12 teaspns f the sweet stuff(对于2000卡路里的饮食，这意味着大约12茶匙的甜食)”是对建议的糖摄入量的具体说明，是和糖相关的内容，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选E。
3．上文“The Dietary Guidelines fr Americans suggests that mst Americans eat at least 8 unces f fish every week.(《美国人膳食指南》建议大多数美国人每周至少吃8盎司的鱼。)”说明的是《美国人膳食指南》建议的每周至少该吃的鱼的量，空格处应该承接上文，说明实际上人们有没有吃够这么多，D选项“Hwever, the majrity f peple are missing the mark(然而，大多数人都未能达到)”说明的是实际情况，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选D。
11.（2024·安徽·高三统考期末）
Ways t Create Cnnectin and Drive Away Lneliness
Arund the glbe, abut 1 in 4 adults says they feel scially discnnected. Here are sme tips that may help create an inviting atmsphere t get cnnected with thers.
Have a cnnectin with yurself
It’s easier t cnnect with peple if yu have shared interests r experiences. 1 . It may lead yu t activities r creative utlets that cnnect yu t peple wh share yur interests. In shrt, knwing yurself is the first step t bnd with thers.
Make smething
When we say “make smething”, peple immediately say, “Well, I’m nt Picass. I dn’t knw hw t d a fancy painting.” Of curse, yu’re nt! 2 . Try t dance r plant a herb garden. Anything that shws t thers wh yu are will d.
A．Have a cnnectin with yurself
B．Find a grup that matches yur interests
C．Eventually, yu will feel scially cnnected
D．Hwever, it’s a necessary step t a genuine cnnectin
E．But the pprtunities fr self-expressin are endless
F．Fllwing yur natural curisity, yu may find smething new
G．S start with paying attentin t what’s meaningful r fun fr yurself
【答案】 1．G 2．E
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个与他人建立联系、战胜孤独的办法。
1．根据空前“It’s easier t cnnect with peple if yu have shared interests r experiences.(如果你们有共同的兴趣或经历，就更容易与人建立联系。)”以及下文“It may lead yu t activities r creative utlets that cnnect yu t peple wh share yur interests.(它可能会引导你开展活动或创意渠道，将你与和你有共同兴趣的人联系起来)”可知，与有共同兴趣或经历的人更容易建立联系，因此，首先要关注自己感兴趣或者自己觉得有趣的事情，然后去参加相关活动，就能和有共同兴趣的人建立联系；G选项“S start with paying attentin t what’s meaningful r fun fr yurself(因此，从关注对自己有意义或有趣的事情开始)”与上文构成因果关系，在上下文之间起到了过渡作用，符合语境。故选G。
2．上文“When we say “make smething”, peple immediately say, “Well, I’m nt Picass. I dn’t knw hw t d a fancy painting.” Of curse, yu’re nt!(当我们说‘做点什么’的时候，人们马上会说，‘好吧，我不是毕加索。我不知道怎么画一幅花式画。’当然，你不是!)”作者指出我们当然不是毕加索，也无法像他那样去创作伟大的作品；下文“Try t dance r plant a herb garden. Anything that shws t thers wh yu are will d.(试着跳舞或种植一个草本花园。任何能向别人展示你自己的事都可以)”作者用跳舞或种植花园来举例说明你可以去做任何可以向别人展示你自己的事情，而且这样的事情很多，也不难；E项“But the pprtunities fr self-expressin are endless(自我表达的机会多得是)”与上文构成转折关系，指出你不是毕加索，但是可以表达自己、展示自己的机会很多，符合语境，选项中的“self-expressin”与下文中的“shws t thers wh yu are”表达意思一致。故选E。
12.（2024·四川·高三校联考期末）
Self-cnfidence is abut trusting yur judgement and yur ability t d smething well. It is als abut being willing t cnsider the pssibility that yu are wrng and change yur mind. It is a cmbinatin f curage and humility, which leads t pen-minded thinking. 1 . It ften prevents yu frm ding yur best and perhaps frm even trying. When yu d try, yur lack f trust in yurself may ultimately lead yu t fail.
Self-cnfidence can be imprved
·Wrk n psitive thinking. A psitive attitude will lead t psitive results. G fr it and dn’t wrry abut letting thers dwn. 2 . Turn yur negative thughts int psitive nes. Yu can always talk t yurself in a psitive way, such as “I can d it!” r “I’ll give it anther try!”.
·Set realistic gals fr yurself and visualize yurself achieving these gals. 3 . It is imprtant t break dwn the verall gal int smaller and mre measurable tasks. Fr thse tasks yu are nt s sure abut, ask yur friends r family fr advice. Als understand that it is perfectly nrmal if yu d nt succeed in cmpleting a task.
A．Instead, try t make up fr lst time
B．All they expect is that yu d yur best
C．Cnfidence is built an a sense f accmplishment
D．Children spare n effrt t satisfy parents’ expectatins
E．Negative experiences als have a huge impact n self-cnfidence
F．Lw self-cnfidence, in cntrast, will make yu feel unmtivated
G．The reasns fr lw self-cnfidence ften differ frm persn t persn
【答案】1．F 2．B 3．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要说明了缺乏自信的原因并给出了获得自信的做法。
1．下文“It ften prevents yu frm ding yur best and perhaps frm even trying.(它经常阻止你做到最好，甚至可能阻止你去尝试)”中的it和F项“相反，低自信会让你感到没有动力”中的lw self-cnfidence指代一致，和F项构成内容上的承接关系，指出了缺乏自信的后果。故选F项。
2．根据上文“dn’t wrry abut letting thers dwn.(不要担心让别人失望)”中的thers和B项“他们所期望的就是你尽你最大的努力”中的they指代一致，构成内容上的承接关系，指出了不要担心让别人失望，因为他们所期望的就是你尽你最大的努力。故选B项。
3． 根据上文“Set realistic gals fr yurself and visualize yurself achieving these gals.(为自己设定现实的目标，想象自己实现这些目标的情景)”可知，提升自信的第二个方法就是为自己设定现实的目标并想象自己实现这些目标的情景，与C项“自信建立在成就感之上”构成因果关系，说明了为自己设定现实的目标，想象自己实现这些目标的情景是因为自信建立在实现目标的成就感之上。故选C项。
13.（2024·山东菏泽·高三统考期末）
Animals deserve t live a safe and healthy life as much as humans d. 1 Sme peple try t get prfit frm everything and smetimes animals becme victims. It is vital that we take actin t prtect animals. Belw are sme simple ways in which we can all cntribute twards the prtectin f endangered animals.
Spread awareness. One way t prtect endangered animals is t create awareness abut them. 2 Having seminars (研讨会) is anther way f creating awareness. Als, familiarize peple arund yu with the imprtance f the animals in yur surrundings. Our rutine activities directly r indirectly influence their lifestyle.
A．Change yur regular rutine.
B．S, we highly suggest careful use f water.
C．Spend time rescuing animals in yur lcality.
D．Sadly, this des nt have universal acceptance.
E．S we can save their lives by being mre careful.
F．It is prbably eaten by an adult turtle, chking it t death.
G．Yu can create lcal cmmunity grups that wrk fr this cause.
【答案】1．D 2．G
【解析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了保护濒危动物的一些方法。
1．根据上文“Animals deserve t live a safe and healthy life as much as humans d.”（动物应该和人类一样过上安全健康的生活。）根据下文“Sme peple try t get prfit frm everything and smetimes animals becme victims.”（有些人试图从一切中获利，有时动物成为受害者。）可知，上文的观念没有得到普遍的认可。故D选项“遗憾的是，这并没有得到普遍的认可。”切题。故选D项。
2．根据下文“ Having seminars (研讨会) is anther way f creating awareness. ”（举办研讨会是另一种提高意识的方式）可知，上文与下文为并列关系，说明提高意识的做法。故G选项“你可以创建当地的社区团体，为这个事业而努力”切题。故选G项。
14.（2024·广东梅州·高三统考期末）
Getting and staying fcused can be a challenge even in the best f times. But with everything ging n in the wrld, cncentrating can ften feel dwn-right impssible. Belw are sme tips t help yu find yur flw.
Distract (使分心) yur brain. Schedule int every wrkday sme breaks frm all that fcusing and allw yur mind t travel int what’s called the “default (默认的) mde netwrk” fr a bit f freestyle activities. 1 . It’s the place where ur minds find innvatin and creativity and ften make better decisins than the fcused mind.
Engage in psitive cnstructive daydreaming. This invlves first turning yur attentin inward. Try traveling with yur mind t smeplace enjyable — maybe it’s a walk thrugh an imaginary frest r sunbathing n a warm sandy beach. Ding this several times a day can ffer yur mind a fresh apprach t the jb at hand.
Blck interruptins befre diving int deep wrk. 2 . T help, turn ff text messaging, ntificatins and scial media alerts. Be vital when yu want a deep dive int fcus. Yur imprtant wrk benefits when yu shut ff r put away yur phne and ther screens.
A．Try t daydream what happened
B．We try t btain fcus but in vain
C．Engage in psitive cnstructive daydreaming
D．Instead, reserve yur best brain time fr the big stuff
E．This netwrk f the brain circuit is where magic happens
F．Our days are filled with distractins, frm thers and urselves
G．Allwing yur mind time t play is anther way t invite innvatin
【答案】1．E 2．F
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几种提高注意力的方法。
1．上文“Schedule int every wrkday sme breaks frm all that fcusing and allw yur mind t travel int what’s called the “default (默认的) mde netwrk” fr a bit f freestyle activities.(在每个工作日安排一些休息时间，让你的大脑进入所谓的‘默认模式网络’”，进行一些自由活动。)”建议在每个工作日安排一些休息时间，让大脑进入“默认模式网络”；E选项“This netwrk f the brain circuit is where magic happens(这个大脑回路网络就是奇迹发生的地方)”承接上文，对大脑的“默认模式网络”进一步阐述，选线中的“This netwrk”指代上文中的“default (默认的) mde netwrk”。故选E。
2．本段主旨句“Blck interruptins befre diving int deep wrk.(在投入工作之前屏蔽干扰)”指出投入工作之前要屏蔽干扰；下文“T help, turn ff text messaging, ntificatins and scial media alerts.(为了有所帮助，关闭短信、通知和社交媒体提醒。)”指出关闭短信、通知和社交媒体提醒等会帮助屏蔽干扰，提高注意力；F选项“Our days are filled with distractins, frm thers and urselves(我们的生活充满了干扰，来自他人和自己)”指出我们生活中充满干扰，符合语境。故选F。
15.（2024·山东聊城·高三统考期末）
New academicians take a grup pht after the certificate awarding ceremny at the Chinese Academy f Sciences. 1 They aimed t make greater cntributins t the develpment f the natin’s scientific research by encuraging the yung generatin and prmting the rle f female scientists.
Academician Huang made three cmmitments t himself — t cntribute his energy t scientific research; t apply his achievements in the fields; and t prvide mre pprtunities fr yung peple. “ 2 By allwing utstanding yung peple t have sufficient pprtunities, we can fster a diverse scientific cmmunity with vigrus debates,” he said.
Academician Jian Zhimin advised yung students that persistence is the mst valuable spirit n the path f scientific research. “ 3 This determinatin and perseverance are essential in scientific research,” he said.
A．They are mre resilient (有适应力的), which cntributes t the develpment f science.
B．In recent years, Jin has nticed the increasing supprt fr female scientists in China.
C．As academicians, we need t share mre pprtunities with the yunger generatin.
D．She has bth male and female students, wh are irreplaceable t each ther.
E．The 59 newly elected academicians vwed at the ceremny n Friday.
F．I hpe the hnr I received can inspire mre females t develp an interest in physics.
G．T achieve success in the field f science, the mst imprtant thing is t persist with riginal intentin.
【答案】1．E 2．C 3．G
【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道中国科学院新当选院士以及他们的科研精神和对于科研事业的承诺。
1．上文“New academicians take a grup pht after the certificate awarding ceremny at the Chinese Academy f Sciences. (新晋院士在中国科学院颁证仪式后合影留念。)”描述新晋院士参加颁证仪式的场景，结合常识可知，E项“The 59 newly elected academicians vwed at the ceremny n Friday. (59位新当选的院士在周五的典礼上宣誓就职。)”与上文内容相符，说明颁证仪式的时间和相关宣誓程序，下文“They aimed t make greater cntributins t the develpment f the natin’s scientific research by encuraging the yung generatin and prmting the rle f female scientists. (他们旨在是通过鼓励年轻一代和提高女科学家的作用，为国家的科学研究的发展做出更大的贡献。)”说明宣誓相关内容，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
2．根据下文“By allwing utstanding yung peple t have sufficient pprtunities, we can fster a diverse scientific cmmunity with vigrus debates (让优秀的年轻人有足够的机会，我们可以培育一个多元化的科学界，并进行激烈的辩论)”可知，黄院士强调要给年轻人机会，C项“As academicians, we need t share mre pprtunities with the yunger generatin. (作为院士，我们需要与年轻一代分享更多的机会。)”与黄院士观点一致，句中“As academicians, we...”是黄院士的自称。故选C项。
3．上文“persistence is the mst valuable spirit n the path f scientific research. (坚持是科学研究道路上最宝贵的精神。)”和下文“This determinatin and perseverance are essential in scientific research. (这种决心和毅力在科学研究中是必不可少的。)”强调“坚持”、“决心”和“毅力”，G项“T achieve success in the field f science, the mst imprtant thing is t persist with riginal intentin. (要在科学领域取得成功，最重要的是坚持初心。)”中表达同样的主旨，句中“persist with riginal intentin”与上下文内容相照应。故选G项。