2024届湖南省衡阳市第八中学高三下学期高考适应性练习（四）英语试题（原卷版+解析版）

这是一份2024届湖南省衡阳市第八中学高三下学期高考适应性练习（四）英语试题（原卷版+解析版），文件包含2024届湖南省衡阳市第八中学高三下学期高考适应性练习四英语试题原卷版docx、2024届湖南省衡阳市第八中学高三下学期高考适应性练习四英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共34页， 欢迎下载使用。
请注意：考试时间120分钟，满分150分。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What des the man suggest the wman d?
A. Prepare fr a test. B. Read smething. C. G t bed early.
2. Hw much will the wman take the cat?
A. £50. B. £100. C. £150.
3. What is the wman ging t d next?
A. Sing a sng. B. Make a speech. C. Visit her parents.
4. Why is the girl calling the man?
A. T ask him fr a present. B. T thank him fr his gift. C. T invite him t her birthday party.
5. What is the main tpic f the cnversatin?
A. Gardening. B. The weather. C. Glbal warming.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Which cuntry are the speakers in?
A. Australia. B. France C. Italy.
7. Hw des the wman feel nw?
A. Happy. B. Regretful. C. Anxius.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Schlmates. B. Family members. C. Teacher and student.
9. Which lessn des the man usually have n Mndays?
A. Maths. B. Physics. C. Art.
10. What will the man d next?
A. Have lunch. B. Take a class. C. Write petry.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Why can't Jse swim alne?
A. He is nt ld enugh. B. He has had an accident. C. He is nt gd at swimming.
12. Hw des the wman sund at first?
A. Calm. B. Cnfused. C. Wrried.
13. What des the man d prbably?
A. He's a custmer. B. He's an instructr. C. He's a student.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Hw lng was the man away?
A. Fr ne week. B. Fr tw weeks. C. Fr three weeks.
15. Hw many times has the man been t Lndn?
A. Once. B. Twice. C. Three times.
16. What did the man dislike abut Lndn?
A. The prices. B. The transprt. C. The fd.
17. Where des the man plan t visit next?
A. Lndn. B. Paris. C. Rme.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What did the speaker want t d after graduatin?
A. Buy a huse. B. Wrk in a bank. C. Rent an apartment.
19. What is the reasn why the speaker didn't use a credit card in cllege?
A. He had s few expenses. B. He spent mney n schl fees. C. He had parents paying fr things
20. Where is the talk given prbably?
A On a street. B. In a classrm. C. In a schl playgrund.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
2024 Philly Theatre Week
Theatre Philadelphia hsts Philly Theatre Week: a celebratin f the artists, rganizatins, and audiences that have made Greater Philadelphia ne f the mst vibrant theatre regins in the natin. Audiences will have an pprtunity t try smething new frm ur theatre cmmunity thrugh a series f prductins, readings, interactive events, and much mre!
Plan yur Philly Theatre Week experience
1. GET THE “WHAT'S ON STAGE” NEWSLETTER:
Delivered t yur inbx! Sign up fr ur email list t receive daily updates during theatre week. Plus, g behind the scenes with artists, perfrmers, and mre.
2. SHARE YOUR STORIES:
Use #phillytheatreweek t share yur Theatre Week experience nline, and t see what else audiences are discvering.
Pay What Yu Can tickets
This year, all Philly Theatre Week tickets are Pay What Yu Can. This is a ticketing system that allws all audiences t chse their wn ticket price. Each shw listing includes infrmatin abut hw each PWYC ticket sale supprts their cmpany and artists.
Please nte that all Philly Theatre Week tickets are limited and exclusive — they are fferings utside f nrmal bx ffice ticket sales. If a shw is ut f Philly Theatre Week tickets, check a cmpany’s fficial website fr regular price tickets. If a Philly Theatre Week ptin is sld ut, please visit the theatre’s fficial website t find additinal tickets.
Hw can I view events/reserve Philly Theatre Week tickets?
All shws will be listed n www. phillytheatreweek. cm n March 4th, when tickets g n sale! Click “Buy Nw” and select yur tickets.
1. What arrangement can yu make fr 2024 Philly Theatre Week?
A. Open an email accunt.B. Watch shws with artists.
C. Pst with a given tag.D. Exchange letters fr updates.
2. What can we learn abut Pay What Yu Can tickets?
A. Their price is all up t the participants.B. They are intended fr the Theatre Week.
C. They ffer infrmatin abut cmpanies.D. They are cheaper than regular price tickets.
3. Where can yu prbably see this article?
A. On a cmpany’s website.B. On a theatre schedule pster.
C. In a travel guidebk.D. In an advertising brchure.
B
One night several years ag, after filling up my car at a gas statin and pulling away, I ntice a strange sund behind me in I traffic. It sunded t me like smene was dragging a bumper (保险杆) , s I started lking fr the car t alert the driver. But n matter hw fast r slw I mved, r where I turned, I culdn’t lcate the car.
At this pint I nticed peple n the sidewalk pinting and laughing at me. I stpped and fund the gas hse (软管) still attached t my car. I immediately pull ut the hse and drve back t the gas statin, where I was educated n the ecnmics f breaking a gas pump (泵) .
My memry f that night is dd because I was judging the behavir f anther persn, wh then turned ut t be me. Philsphers might say that in these rare minutes, my “I-self” (the seer f things arund me) and “me-self” (the ne seen) were mentally separated.
This kind f separatin is unnatural. Making it yur permanent state f mind wuld be difficult and perhaps even undesirable. Each f us can, hwever, purpsely change the balance f time we spend as bservers and as the bject f bservatin—even withut ding smething as ridiculus as I did. And wrking t bserve mre than yu think abut being bserved can be an excellent way t get happier.
We think cnstantly abut hw ther see us; we lk in every mirrr; we check ur mentins n scial media; we bsess ver ur identity. This brings truble. Research has shwn, fr example, that fcusing n the wrld utside yurself is linked t happiness, while fcusing n yurself and hw thers see yu can lead t yur mds ging up and dwn like a y-y. The gd news is that yu can certainly increasing yur happiness by adpting cnscius practices that help lwer the munt f time yu spend in an bjectified state.
4. What happened t the authr that night?
A. He was prbably fined.B. He damaged the bumper.
C. He gt trapped in traffic.D. He kncked int the sidewalk.
5. What des “I-self” refer t at the early stage in the incident?
A. The hse.B. The peple.C. The authr.D. The pump.
6. What des the authr suggest readers t d in the last tw paragraphs?
A. Separate yurselves frm the utside.B. Spend mre time being an bserver.
C. Avid being an bject f bservatin.D. Wrk bard t increase happiness.
7. What might the authr cntinue talking abut?
A. Hw t be aware f happiness.B. Hw t spend ur spare time.
C. Hw t reduce the state f “me-self”.D. Hw t adjust ur mds.
C
Shakespeare described sleep as “the main curse in life’s feast, and the mst nurishing”. New research suggests it may als be a key nutrient in defend us against Alzheimer’s disease.
Pr sleep has lng been linked t Alzheimer’s, but the relatinship is similar t the chicken-and-egg puzzle. It isn’t clear which came first. During deep sleep, the brain prduces slw electrical waves and flushes ut neurtxins (神经毒素) including amylid (淀粉样蛋白) and tau (微管蛋白) , tw indicatrs f the disease.
Studies have shwn that even ne night f terrible deep sleep can lead t an increase f amylid. A week f disrupted sleep can raise the amunt f tau, which is especially insidius because ver time it can strangle neurns frm the inside ut.
A study in the Annals f Neurlgy fund that a sleep pill called suvrexant culd reduce amylid and tau in middle-aged adults with n cgnitive prblems. The tw-night trial shwed that amylid drpped 10%t 20%, and a key frm f tau 10%t 15%in peple wh received a high dse cmpared t a placeb (安慰剂) grup. But these effects need t be studied ver lnger perids f time—including in lder adults at higher risk f Alzheimers. But the study suggests that imprving sleep quality amng middle-aged adults culd help reduce the risk f develping Alzheimer’s later in life.
What has puzzled neurlgists, hwever, is that sme peple with high levels f amylid wh may appear t have Alzheimer’s based n brain scans nnetheless functin nrmally. Neurlgists assume that this is because sme peple have higher levels f “cgnitive reserve.” which enables them t functin nrmally despite neurlgical damage. But there’s anther X factr, which scientists have struggled t identify. A new study suggests it may be sleep, and in particular deep sleep.
“Think f deep sleep almst like a life raft that keeps memry aflat, rather than memry getting dragged dwn by the weight f Alzheimer’s disease,” says Matthew Walker, a neurscience prfessr at UC Berkeley.
8. What is the relatinship between sleep and Alzheimer’s disease accrding t the new research?
A. Inadequate sleep will indicate Alzheimer’s disease.
B. The disease may be prevented if we can sleep well.
C. Neurtxins prduced during sleep cause the disease.
D. A gd sleep will raise the indicatrs f the disease.
9. What can we infer frm paragraph fur?
A. It’s t early t use the sleeping pill t treat Alzheimer’s.
B. It’s advisable that adults turn t suvrexant t sleep well.
C Suvrexant is a desirable pill t imprve ur sleep quality.
D. The amunt f Amylid and tau decreased due t placeb.
10. What is the main idea f paragraph five?
A. Researchers’ great cnfusin abut the high levels f amylid.
B. Lw level cgnitive reserve resulting in abnrmal brain functin.
C. Ptential determinants related t the pssibility f Alzheimer’s.
D. Neurlgists’ assumptin abut ur brain functin and damage.
11. Why dse Matthew Walker make the cmparisn in his remarks?
A. T advcate a healthy lifestyle amng adults.
B. T emphasize the significance f sleep quality.
C. T demnstrate the crucial rle f ur memry.
D. T detail the damage brught by Alzheimer’s.
D
T appreciate Dubai, yu culd start by ging skiing. The ski resrt, lcated inside ne f the city’s shpping malls, lks frm the utside like a silver spaceship. Yu put n a thick cat, pull n yur glves and then marvel at what strng air-cnditining can d. At the exit, yu can buy a suvenir T-shirt. A cartn thermmeter in Celsius annunces: “I went frm +50 t minus 8!”
Indr skiing in the desert has becme a symbl f Dubai’s status as a wealthy, mdem metrplis. This small fishing village, Dubai’s frtunes changed frever with the discvery f il in the 1960s. Since then. it has evlved t becme the largest city. But the rapid grwth has cme at a price. T pwer its cars and air-cnditining, the city has prduced large amunts f carbn dixide (CO. ) frm fssil fuels. Nw it is making sme big changes.
T reduce its dependence n cars and lwer its emissins, Dubai has invested in slar energy, green buildings, and a cmprehensive public transprtatin system. In additin, all new buildings must meet strict energy regulatins.
The mst striking develpment can be fund where the city’s suburbs meet the desert. Unlike much f Dubai the Sustainable City t the suth feels mre like a clse-knit-village cmmunity. Abut five hundred lw-rise huses are distributed alng attractive, tree-lined streets. They all face nrth, away frm direct sunlight, and are clse tgether t prvide natural shade. Each building has reflective windws and wall paint, which reduce the heat absrbed frm the sun. Rftp slar panels and energy-saving lights cntribute t the cmmunity’s energy efficiency. As a result, residents f the Sustainable City nw cnsume 50 percent less energy than peple living in ther parts f Dubai.
By 2050, the gvernment intends t btain 75 percent f the city’s energy frm renewable surces-mainly slar. It als wants t have the smallest eclgical ftprint in the wrld. The plan is ambitius. But if successful, even guilt-free skiing in the desert culd becme an reality.
12. Why des the writer start the passage by describing a ski resrt?
A. T demnstrate the prblems f living near a desert.
B. T describe an expensive and unsuccessful building prject.
C. T give an example f hw Dubai is a wealthy mdern city.
D. T prvide a warning f what Dubai might be like in the future.
13 The wrd striking in paragraph fur is clsest in meaning t
A. distinctiveB. islatedC. massiveD. unifrm
14. Which feature is NOT true abut the green buildings?
A. Installatin f energy-efficient lights.B. Avidance f the sunlight frm nrth.
C. Placement f slar panels n rftps.D. Arrangement t allw natural cling.
15. What wuld be the best title fr this passage?
A. Hw Oil Has Changed Dubai.B. Dubai’s Ecnmic Future.
C The Csts f Green Living.D. Building a Sustainable City.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2 . 5分，满分12 . 5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
“Nt nly is it kay t nt feel ‘kay’. it is essential.” Dr. Zuckerman, a licensed clinical psychlgist, said. S crying after yu get int a fight with yur partner is als nrmal. as is feeling anxius and scared abut an uncertain future. When we think we might lse smething we care abut, that’s sad. ___16___ . We shuld let urselves, and ther peple in ur lives, feel these things as they cme up.
___17___. The mre we avid internal unease, the mre islated we can becme, the mre anxius we can get, and the mre depressed we can feel. We need t nt nly feel. but als acknwledge ur legitimate emtinal respnses t situatins. Effrts t avid r ignre them can islate us during times f need.
Yu may feel yu’re being supprtive by sending psitive affirmatins t a friend wh is ging thrugh a difficult time. ___18___ . Yur psitive affirmatins create the idea that yur friend is in sme way incapable f handling their feelings.
When yu’re lending an car t smene in distress, Dr. Zuckerman suggests aviding phrases like: It’ll be fine. ___19___ . What’s there t cry abut? Instead, she suggests using phrases that affirm the ther persns feelings and lets them knw yu are here t supprt them withut expectatin: It is kay t nt feel kay right nw. Yu’re allwed t feel this way.
Feel yur feelings. Sit with them. Let them pass. ___20___
A. Just smile, stp wrrying!
B. Yu shuld feel whatever emtins yu want t.
C. When we dn’t knw what t expect next, that’s scary.
D. By hiding ur discmfrt, we’re nly adding fuel t fire.
E. Never feel ashamed r embarrassed f being sad and afraid.
F. But in reality, yu may be invalidating their feelings and harming them.
G. And allw thers ride the wave f whatever emtins they’re feeling t.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30 分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
If dctrs lie, it is surely inexcusable. One f the basic ___21___ the public have f dctrs is hnesty. But what wuld yu think if I tld yu that research has shwn that 70 percent f dctrs ___22___ t lying t their patients?
Mrs. Waltn was in her eighties and ___23___ t see her husband. “He’s n his way, dn’t wrry,” I said this t calm her dwn. But it was a lie. He died tw years ag. The truth is that it is a ___24___ t lie smetimes.
Mrs. Waltn is ne f the dementia (痴呆) sufferers, wh lse their memry f ___25___ events, but hld memries frm the distant past. Many f them realize that the past bears little ___26___ t the present, but are at a lss t explain. They ften feel scared that they are ___27___ by strange peple, even when they are with their family. They lk at their adult children ___28___ and wnder wh they culd be.
I have cuntless families nt knwing hw t react as their lved ne mves back int distant past and they are ___29___ in the present. And hw, as a dctr, des ne manage sufferings that cme with having n ____30____ f these patients’ life fr the past ten r 20 years? Maybe he can tell them lies that are nt big and elabrate —they are ____31____ cmfrts intended t calm and allw the subject t be swiftly changed.
____32____ with them abut this false reality is nt unprfessinal —it is actually kind. That’s nt t say that lying t patients with dementia ____33____ is right. But what kind-hearted persn wuld put anther human being thrugh the unimaginable pain f learning, ____34____ again and again, that they have lst their belved nes. It wuld be an unthinkable cruelness.
Smetimes hnesty is ____35____ nt the best plicy.
21. A. expressinsB. expectatinsC. reputatinsD. regulatins
22. A. bjectedB. cntributedC. admittedD. appealed
23. A. ashamedB. delightedC. nervusD. desperate
24. A. crueltyB. kindnessC. painD. pleasure
25. A. recentB. ppularC. distantD. majr
26. A. ppsitinB. cnnectinC. attentinD. similarity
27. A. attackedB. islatedC. surrundedD. attracted
28. A. puzzledB. satisfiedC. amusedD. mtivated
29. A. cut ffB. thrwn awayC. put dwnD. left behind
30. A. knwledgeB. cntrlC. imaginatinD. recrd
31. A. briefB. cnstantC. permanentD. secret
32. A. CmpetingB. PlttingC. MatchingD. Mixing
33. A. unnecessarilyB. inaccuratelyC. impatientlyD. implitely
34. A. ahead f timeB. in n timeC. fr the last timeD. fr the first time
35. A. mstlyB. infrmallyC. simplyD. finally
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5 分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ancient stries vividly prtray the lightweight clthing wrn during summer. One tale recunts an encunter ____36____ an Arabian merchant came acrss an fficial wearing a light and sft garment. Astnishingly, the merchant culd make ut a mle (痣) n the ____37____ (fficial) chest thrugh five lavers f clthing. If imaginatin is t ____38____ (tax) , let us explre sme examples f summer clthing frm ancient China.
A sha gwn ____39____ (unearth) frm Han Tmb N. 1 at Mawangdui in Changsha. It is the thinnest dress in the wrld. The plain gwn, “thin as a cicada (蝉) wing” and “light as smke” weighs 49 grams. It is nly 25g with the sleeve penings and cllar ____40____ (remve) and can be flded int a matchbx. This piece represents the highest level f early Han ____41____ fabric manufacture.
Well-suited fr the humid suthern regins f China, lu has larger hles in the fabric, ____42____ (make) it mre lightweight and breathable. At that time, nly fficials f fifth rank r higher were permitted t wear garments made f ____43____ material.
Silk fabrics such as sha and lu were luxurius fr cmmn peple. Hwever, resurceful individuals discvered a way ____44____ (utilize) plant fibers fr clthing prductin, significantly reducing the cst f summer garments. Ge, als knwn as kudzu (野葛) , ____45____ Chinese arrwrt (竹芋) , represents the earliest utilizatin f natural fiber as fabric in China.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，是学校英语社团负责人。你校正在开展“快乐学习，健康生活”主题活动，请代表社团用英文向社团成员及全体学生写一份倡议信，号召大家利用好课间休息时间，劳逸结合。内容包括：1. 倡议的背景和目的；2. 如何利用课间休息时间；3. 提出倡议。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可适当添加内容，使行文连贯。
Dear fellw students,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The English Club
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When Mary entered the suth Ple Penguin Research Lab, she saw her friend Tm gently strking (轻抚) a penguin in his arms. As children f the lab scientists, Mary and Tm ften bserved the emperr penguins that were studied t understand hw they adapted t extreme temperatures —insights that culd aid human survival.
“We’re thirteen, Tm. It’s time t grw up and stp playing with the lab penguins,” said Mary as she started cleaning. “They’re research animals, nt pets.”
“But the birds listen t me1” insisted Tm, his breath frming a clud in the freezing air. “Yu’re just trying t be a penguin whisperer again,” Mary replied, shaking her head with a gentle smile. The penguins seemed playful as they walked, dve, swam and chased their live fish fr sprt befre eating.
Suddenly , an alarm rang ut and red lights flashed , signaling a prblem. The kids rushed ver t lk int it. “It’s clder than befre —there’s ice frming n the water,” nted Tm. Thugh always cld, Mary had never seen ice here befre. She checked the habitat mnitr and fund that the temperature had gne dwn a lt. “The heater must be brken!”
Mary quickly sent a message t their parents’ research team, wh were cnducting utdr studies. With the adults away, the kids wuld have t deal with the freezing cnditins until help arrived.
Time dragged as Mary and Tm anxiusly waited. The increasing cld caused them t shake. “I wnder what emperr penguins d in extreme cld, since they stay in the Ple all winter instead f ging smewhere warmer,” asked Mary. “They huddle (挤作一团), ” Tm answered. “They huddle tgether tightly s that the birds in the middle will be warm enugh.” “What abut the nes n the edge?” Mary asked. “They push their way twards the center, and then mve back ut t the edge, and struggle back again. Scientists in the early 21st century recrded it.” He replied as he stared at the large crwd f the penguins in the lab.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150 左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
”I have an idea t stay warm1" Tm shuted excitedly.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Tw and a half hurs later , the parents returned with help.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________