人教版中考英语专题课件：话题一 个人情况

这是一份人教版中考英语专题课件：话题一 个人情况，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了第一部分 话题培优，话题一 个人情况，重难点突破，表达能力提升，核心素养培优，运用单项选择，What does，What is， 探究，wear等内容，欢迎下载使用。
个人情况（Persnal backgrund）属于《义务教育英语课程标准（2011年版）》话题项目表中第一个话题，二级子话题分别为个人信息（Persnal infrmatin）、家庭信息（Family infrmatin）、学校信息（Schl infrmatin）、兴趣与爱好（Interests and hbbies）、工作与职业（Jbs and careers）。想要完整且有条理地描述个人情况，需要掌握以下知识点。
1. “What d／des +主语+lk like？”的用法
【观察】① What d yur sisters lk like? ②What des he lk like？
【探究】 “What d／des +主语+lk like？”用来询问人物的外貌特征，意为“……看上去怎么样？”或“……长什么样？”。回答时常用以下两种结构：
（1）主语+have／has+名词（名词前可以有多个形容词修饰）。如： She has lng straight hair and big eyes.
（2）主语+be+描述人物外貌特征的形容词。如： I’m tall and handsme.
（1）—What d yu lk like?—I’m ___.
A.tiredB.tallC.kindD.happy
（2）What Amy and her brther ___ like?
A.des; lkB.d; lkC.is; lkD.d; lks
2. play 的用法
【观察】① I can play the guitar and the pian. ② He is gd at playing chess. ③ D yu like the play tday? ④ Everyne shuld play a rle in prtecting the envirnment.
【探究】（1）play作动词，用法如下：
（2） play作名词，意为“剧本；戏剧；玩耍；比赛”。如：a radi play广播剧
（1）（2023·连云港中考）—Shall we play basketball this afternn?—Gd idea! D yu have ___ basketball?
A.the; aB.a; aC./; /D./; a
（2）（2023·天水中考）Jim started t play ___ vilin when he was five.
A.aB.anC.theD./
根据汉语意思完成句子。
（3）吉姆每周都会和朋友们一起打排球。 Jim _______________ with his friends every week.
plays vlleyball
（4）父母应该花时间和孩子一起玩耍。 Parents shuld spend time ____________ their children.
playing with
3. “What d／des +主语+ d?” 的用法
【观察】① What des he d？ ② What d yur parents d? 【探究】 “What d／des +主语+d？”用来询问人物的职业，意为“……是做什么的？”，相当于“What is sb.’s jb？”。回答时常用以下结构： 主语+is+名词（名词前可以有多个形容词修饰）。如： He is a （math） teacher.
【运用】根据汉语意思完成句子。
（1）——你妈妈是做什么的？——我妈妈是一位电脑编程师。—___________ yur mther d?—My mther is a ____________________.
cmputer prgrammer
（2）——汤姆是做什么的？——汤姆是一个幽默的演员。—________ Tm’s jb?—Tm is _________________.
a humrus actr
4. 辨析dress, put n, in与wear
【观察】① She dressed herself quickly. ② He puts n his schl unifrm and then leaves hme. ③ Tm was all in black. ④ Sally was thin and wre glasses.
【运用】用dress, put n, in或wear的适当形式填空。
（1）Yu’d better ______ blue pants with brwn shes.
（2）Please _______ yur cat; it’s cld utside.
（3）She lks pretty ___ a white shirt.
（4）The girl is ld enugh t ______ herself.
5. 辨析silent，silently与silence
【观察】① She was always silent in class. ② Listening silently is a gd quality that we shuld have. ③ We lked at each ther in silence.
【探究】（1）silent作形容词，意为“沉默的；寂静的”，在句中常作表语或定语。keep silent保持沉默。
（2）silently作副词，意为“沉默地；寂静地”，在句中常作状语，修饰行为动词。
（3）silence作名词，意为“沉默；寂静”，在句中常作主语或宾语。in silence沉默地。
【运用】用silent,silently或silence填空。
（1）The tw girls sat there, face t face in _______.
（2）When asked why he was late, he kept ______.
（3）At first I just sat________, trying t find ut what happened.
6. 辨析 speak，say，talk 与 tell
【观察】① He can’t speak English well. ② D as I say，nt as I d. ③ The teacher is talking t him. ④ Can yu tell me hw t get t Chinatwn？
【运用】用 speak, say, talk 或 tell 的适当形式填空。
（1）Peple ften ____ “Hell” r “Hi” t friends when they meet each ther.
（2）Lisa ften _____ with her friends n the phne and they have a clse friendship.
（3）The accident _____ us t fllw the traffic rules and t lve ur lives.
（4）Mary is an excellent girl. She can ______ Chinese, English and French.
7. 辨析such与s
【观察】① This party is such a great idea! ② He’s s ppular nw. ③ Billy has changed s much!
【探究】such和s都可以用来表示程度，意思是“如此；这样”，但用法却不相同。
（1）such是限定词，用来修饰名词；s是副词，用来修饰形容词或副词。
（2）可数名词单数前有不定冠词与形容词时，such和s的位置不同。前者为：such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数；后者为：s+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数。二者都表示“如此……的一个……”。如： It’s such an interesting stry. = It’s s interesting a stry.
（3）名词前有表示“多少”意义的many、 much、 few、 little等修饰时，要用s，不用such。如： He has s many questins t ask his teacher.
（4）后接可数名词的复数形式、不可数名词或集合名词时，无论有无many、much、few、little之外的修饰词都用such。如： They have made such great prgress.
【运用】用such或s填空。
（1）Dn’t speak ____ fast. I can’t fllw yu.
（2）She is _____ a kind wman.
（3）I’ve never seen ____ tall a child.
（4）There are ____ few peple in the hall.
（5）Grandpa ften tld us _____ funny stries.
（6）Dn’t g ut in _____ bad weather.
【观察】① She can g t schl by herself. ② —Can yu sing an English sng? —N, I can’t. ③ Yu must finish yur hmewrk n time. ④ —Must I finish the prject tday? —N, yu needn’t.
⑤She may lse her way. ⑥ —May I g nw? —N, yu can’t. ⑦Yu needn’t cme t schl s early. ⑧—Need I finish the wrk tday? —Yes,yu must.
【探究】以下为初中常见的情态动词的用法：（1）情态动词有一定的词义，但不能单独作谓语，必须和行为动词或系动词连用，构成谓语。
（2）情态动词无人称和数的变化。
（3）否定形式直接加nt。
（4）一般疑问句将情态动词直接提前。
（5）由 must 或 need 引出的一般疑问句，肯定回答用 must 或 have t；否定回答用 needn’t 或 dn’t have t。
（6）对may表请求时的否定回答，一般用can’t。
区分以下几组情态动词： can与can’t
culd与culdn’t
must与mustn’t
may与might
need与needn’t
shuld与shuldn’t
will与wuld
（1）We ___ d exercise very ften. It’s gd fr ur health.
A.canB.mayC.shuldD.will
（2）Even Einstein ___ read until he was seven, s yu dn’t need t wrry.
A.culdn’tB.mustn’tC.can’tD.needn’t
（3）If yu ___ slve the task, yu can ask thers fr help.
A.can’tB.needn’tC.mustn’tD.shuldn’t
（4）—Dad, must we wait until the light becmes green?—Yes, I’m afraid we ___. That’s the traffic rule.
A.canB.mayC.have tD.need
（5）Yu’d better bring an umbrella when yu g ut because it ___ rain.
A.mustn’tB.mightC.canD.shuldn’t
（6）Dry ___ be n the playgrund. I saw her running there just nw.
A.mightB.mayC.shuldD.must
（7）—What will the weather be like tmrrw?—It ___ be sunny r windy. I’m nt sure.
A.mustn’tB.shuldn’tC.mayD.need
根据下面对话中的情境，在每个空白处填入一个适当的语句，使对话恢复完整。 A: Hell, I am a new student frm Bstn. Culd yu please tell me if it is Class 2, Grade 9? B: Yes. 1._____________?Dn’t yu remember me? I am Tm. A: Oh, Tm! Yes, I am Paul. We were in the same primary schl, right?
Are yu Paul
B: Yeah. Yu liked playing ftball. And yu were a sprts star in schl. A:2.____________________________. But nw yu are strng and tall. S I didn’t… B: Really? Nw my favrite subject is ’s yur favrite subject? A:3.___________________________. I haven’t played ftball since my ft hurt.
Yu used t be thin and shrt
My favrite subject is histry
B: Histry is interesting. Are yu OK nw? A: Yes, I am. But I can’t play it again. B: It’s a pity that yu can’t be a ftball player. 4.____________________________________? A: I am ging t be a dctr in the future. Hw abut yu? B: I want t be a scientist t make ur cuntry strnger. A: Yu are great. I think yu can make it. B:5.___________.
What are yu ging t be in the future
（2022·乐山中考）在中国共产主义青年团成立100周年之际，你校将开展“如何成为一名优秀学生”的征文活动。为此，请你给校报英语专栏写一篇短文，并倡议越来越多的同学入团。内容包括：
1. 爱国爱家，了解团史；
2. 与人和睦相处，乐于助人；
3. 努力学习，养成良好习惯；
4. 锻炼身体，保持健康。
要求：1.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯；
2.文中不得出现真实姓名和学校等信息；
3.词数：不少于70。（开头已给出，但不计入总词数。） 参考词汇：the Cmmunist Yuth League f China （ CYLC ） 中国共产主义青年团, anniversary n.周年纪念日
This year is the 100th anniversary f the funding f the Cmmunist Yuth League f China. Our schl will hld an activity abut hw t be an excellent student. I think we shuld d the fllwing things.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Firstly, it’s imprtant t lve ur cuntry and family. Thanks t them, we can live a happy life. Learning abut the histry f the Cmmunist Yuth League f China is necessary fr us. Secndly, we shuld get n well with ur teachers and classmates. Especially, when peple are in truble, we shuld be ready t help them. In rder t achieve ur Chinese Dream, we shuld try ur best t study hard and get gd habits. Finally, we shuld keep healthy by exercising.
In a wrd, if we are strng, ur cuntry will be strng. S I hpe mre and mre junir schl students will jin the Cmmunist Yuth League f China.
（2022·遂宁中考）阅读下面短文，理解大意，从所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 Zhang Ming and Zhang Peng are twin brthers. When they were yung, they were interested in . .1. . Chinese culture like Chinese clay art and Beijing Opera. In these art frms, they culd . .2. . smething t learn. One day, they met an ld man . .3. . is gd at shadw puppet play （皮影戏）. . .4. . they saw the play, they fell in lve with it. S they decided t . .5. . the ld man.
After 5 years’ study, they culd . .6. . by themselves. When they acted in the village, the villagers sat in frnt f a white screen and watched the plays happily. Zhang Ming usually std . .7. . the white screen and held different kinds f characters. Zhang Peng did the vices f the different characters. . .8. . f the villagers liked their perfrmances and hped they culd . .9. . perfrming. “It’s nt easy,” Zhang Ming said. “We can’t get much mney frm it. Smetimes we even have . .10. . mney t buy tls we need. But we want t keep this art frm alive. S we will stick t it n matter hw hard it is!”
1.( )A.yungB.traditinalC.newD.mdern
2.( )A.findB.makeC.hearD.want
3.( )A.whichB.whenC.whereD.wh
4.( )A.UnlessB.As sn asC.Even thughD.In rder that
5.( )A.play withB.hear frmC.learn frmD.depend n
6.( )A.danceB.writeC.perfrmD.reprt
7.( )A.nB.inC.underD.behind
8.( )A.AllB.NneC.BthD.Neither
9.( )A.put ffB.end upC.keep nD.take up
10.( )A.muchB.littleC.enughD.sme
（2023·宜昌中考改编）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why d yu need hbbies? A study has fund that peple are mre psitive （积极的） when they take part in a relaxing activity.1. ___ Scientists als think they might be gd fr yur brain.
Hw d yu chse the right hbby? Start with what yu enjyed in the past. Did yu nce play ftball?2. ___ If yu find it isn’t fr
yu, stp and turn t smething new. Prbably jining a class r a team will give yu a chance t meet ther peple. Which relaxing activities are gd fr physical health? It’s clear that exercise is ging t be gd fr yur bdy, fr example walking. 3. ___ A review f 94 studies fund that dancing three times a week imprved balance in lder peple. Getting ut in nature is helpful, whether yu’re hiking r ding smething less active.
Which hbbies keep yur mind active?4. ___ Playing the pian r listening t yur favrite band can help yu make it. Researches have fund reading is als gd fr yur brain. 5. ___S let’s take up great hbbies.
（2021·成都中考改编）用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。）
Xu Yuanchng was a famus Chinese mdern translatr. Brn in Nanchang, Jiangxi Prvince in 1921,he 1._______ with Qian Zhngshu,Wu Mi and ther Chinese masters at The Natinal Suthwest Assciated University. He went t University f Paris fr 2._______
study after graduating frm Tsinghua University. Over the curse f a translatin career（生涯）lasting mre than seventy years, Xu translated abut 120 wrks,3._________ The Bk f Sngs, The Sngs f Chu and The Red and the Black. He fcused 4._________ n petry（诗歌）. Xu is als the nly persn in China wh 5.___________ translated petry t and frm Chinese, English and French, in a very precise（准确的）and beautiful way. His 6._______ are ften chsen as textbks fr freign language learners.
successfully
Xu paid much attentin t the 7._______ f image, sund and frm. He wuld leave smething ut and add smething t make the translated wrks mre beautiful. During his translatin career, he was at the center f many 8.________ debates（辩论）with ther translatrs. But Xu said, “I am nt afraid f 9.________ because the truth becmes clearer with each debate.” Unfrtunately,Xu passed away n June 17,2021. T everyne, he nce sent a wish: “Gd, better, best. Never let it rest until yur gd is better, and yur better is 10._____.”
（2021·长沙中考改编）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。 As an exchange student, I studied in France fr tw years. The first time I tk a class in the chemistry lab, I was surprised t find that students were fully “armed”. Everyne was wearing gggles （ 护目镜） and glves. Safety cmes first fr science lab class. My chemistry teacher Mrs. Luise usually gave us the instructin paper the night befre the lab class and let us read it. During the class,
she first went ver the steps and then put us int grups f tw t d the experiments （实验）. What was special was that fr every lab class, Mrs. Luise changed everyne’s lab partner t make them wrk with different classmates. The class was ften filled with laughter and screams （尖叫）. We nce tried t burn the chemicals and watch the clrs f the flames（火焰）. Different chemicals prduced different clrs f flames, including bright range and dark green. Many students in my class were surprised.
“Ww! That’s s beautiful!” they screamed. Then they excitedly tk pictures, psted them nline and sent them t their friends. Mrs. Luise didn’t get angry with us at all fr ur “nises”. She herself even tk phts with us! After finishing an experiment, we had t write a lab reprt. If we had a big mistake in the experiment, we needed t analyze （分析） why it happened and what we shuld d t avid it next time. The lab reprts were very imprtant. They made up arund 25% f ur term grade.
1.Hw did the writer feel when he first tk the chemistry class in the lab? He felt _________.
2.What cmes first fr science lab class? _______ cmes first fr science lab class.
3.Why did Mrs. Luise change everyne’s lab partner in every lab class? Because she wanted t ______________________________________.
make them wrk with different classmates
4.What did the students have t d after finishing an experiment? They had t _________________.
write a lab reprt
5.Why were the lab reprts s imprtant? Because they made up ____________ f their term grade.