中考英语完形填空技巧和练习（二）课件

这是一份中考英语完形填空技巧和练习（二）课件，共35页。PPT课件主要包含了模拟练习等内容，欢迎下载使用。

阅读能力的提高非一朝之功，需要一个过程，应该持之以恒，进行有计划、有目的的阅读实践，提高阅读能力。阅读理解题型通常可以分为四种：细节理解、词义（组）猜测、推理判断、主旨（段落）大意及标题归纳，下面让我们一起来看看这几类题型。一．细节理解题常见设题方式：Hw many/Hw much/What/Wh/When/Where/Hw…?What des the writer think f…?Which f the fllwing statements is true/false?Which f the fllwing is/isn’t mentined?Which is the right rder f the events given in the passage?题型特点：细节题占阅读理解的比例很大，阅读时要特别注意以下几点1.阅读时，必须以原文提供的事实、细节和逻辑关系为依据，切忌把自己的观点和看法与原文或作者的观点、看法混为一谈。2.文章中的数字、日期、时间都是设题的重点，此类题目很少是文章中表层出现的数字或日期，通常需要做简单的计算。
解题方法：1.跳读查找法这个方法的要点在于先看题干，带着问题读文章。以what, wh, where, when, why, hw提问的问题，可以从文章中直接找到答案。做这类题时可以边读边做记号，能加强阅读的针对性，提高做题的准确率，节省宝贵的时间，另外，运用跳读查找法解题时，要特别注意试题以及选项与原文之间的适当变换。中考中很少有直接用原文中的句子进行考查和测试的，通常要进行一定的处理，而这种“处理”主要就是进行语义转换，其中包括同义变换、概念解析、归纳事实等。例：Iceland lies in the Nrth Atlantic Ocean. It is the secnd largest island in Eurpe. The cuntry has a ttal area f 103,000 square kilmeters and a castline f abut 6,600 km. The island is 300 km wide frm nrth t suth, and 500 km acrss frm west t Iceland, the distance frm nrth t suth is _________that frm west t east.A much lnger than B shrter thanC. the same as D. a little lnger than
2.排除法排序题也属于细节理解题的一种题型，它通常出现在说明文中。这类文章有明显的信息词，如first, t begin with, after that, afterwards, later, next, secnd, third, then, finally等。按照信息词的提示阅读，可以加快理解的进程。在做细节排序题时，首先要确定首或尾的答案，通常四个选项中会有两个选项的顺序类似，正确答案往往在这两个选项中选择，找到两者的不同之处，回到原文，进行核对，一旦确定，后面的排序就不用再比较了。
3.简单计算法数字计算题也是细节理解题的一种，要求对文章中提到的数据进行简单的加减乘除运算，以便得出符合题目要求的数据。解答这类题目时，首先要弄清题干的要求是什么，然后找到与它相关的数字，再对它们进行分析、整合，最后计算出正确答案。例：The destructin f the wrld’s rain frests has drawn mre and mre peple’s attentin. Unluckily, rain frests are disappearing(消失) at a rate f 80 acres per minute! As part f a class prject, Myers’ students bught three acres f rain frest in Central America. They paid $25 per acre. The students hpe that the land they bught will be prtected and nt destryed. The students became s interested in rain frests that they decided t get a clser lk at a real rain frest.53. Hw much did Myers’ students pay fr the rain frest they bught?A. $25 B. $75 C. $80 D. $2000
二．推理判断题题型特点：这种题型要求考生尽量考虑文章中全部信息和事实，在通篇理解文章的基础上，严格按照作者提供的信息推断出作者的言外之意。常见设题方式：Frm the text, it can be inferred that ________.The passage suggests that_________.Frm the passage, we learn that: ________.What can we learn frm the passage?The writer prbably agrees that________.解题思路：推理和判断两者密不可分。推理是为了判断，判断依赖于推理。推理判断题要求根据原文，经过推理，进行判断，从而得出结论，所以推理判断题的答案不能在文中直接找出。但是，推理时务必要忠实于原文，在文章中寻找可推论的依据，切忌妄加评论，把自己的观点当成作者的观点。
1．正确选项的特点（1）正确答案一般含义比较丰富，具有一定的综合性和概括性；（2）正确答案的表述一般不会太绝对，而会用一些相对能够留下一些余地的词汇，如ften, usually, smetimes, sme, may, might, can, culd, pssibly, prbably等；（3）正确答案有的时候反而是与通过常识判断得出的结论相反，要特别注意。2．干扰选项的特点（1）只是原文的简单复述，而非推断出的结论【事实重现（不是推理出来的）】（2）看似从原文推断出来的结论，然而实际上与原文不符；【偷梁换柱】（3）虽然以文章提供的事实或内在逻辑为推理依据，但推理过头、概括过度【以偏概全】（4）有部分选项的内容纯属编造。【无中生有】
三．词义（组）猜测题型特点：考生应该紧扣原文，根据上下文的语境进行合理判断，既不要望文生义，也不要断章取义，更不能只选择自己认识或熟悉的意思。干扰项出现的错误选项，一般多是学生比较熟悉、想当然的词典意义，或者适应学生习惯的汉语思维方式；而正确的含义往往不只是词典上的，而是要通过上下文内容的提示才能确定的。常见设题方式：What des the underlined wrd “…” prbably mean in Chinese?What des the wrd“…”in Paragraph2 prbably mean?The wrd(s) “…”in Paragraph 4 prbably mean(s)…The underlined wrd “…” in Paragraph 4 means __________.
解这类题时应注意以下特点：①注意一些过渡词语，如that is, this is, in ther wrds等，它们直接引出了同义解释；②注意连接词及被猜测的词前后的因果，让步，递进，转折，列举及承上启下等各种连接上下文的特殊功能。③注意同义词、近义词、反义词、定语从句，相似或相反的结构等。④对于句中首字母或全部是大写的单词,应该猜出可能是专有名词(人名、地名、组织等)，因此拼读有时是最合适的方法。例1：Emjis are nw used as a new frm f expressin, and>46. What des the underlined wrd "millennials" in the 3rd paragraph mean in Chinese?A. 80后 B. 00后 C.独生子女 D.千禧一代:
Are yu a teenager lking fr an active and fun way t spend yur summer? Jin the Summer Actin at the Health Center right nw.We have:◆Scial Club—Meet ther active teenagers at ur parties, BBQs, mvie and game nights. Make new friends and create nice summer memries.◆Swimming Club—Free swim and swim lessns. Our Olympic-sized pl is pen all summer lng.◆Sprts Club—Basketball, vlleyball, sccer and mre. We ffer fun sprts leagues(联赛) and drp-in sprts fr teens f all skill levels.◆Health Club—Learn abut healthy habits. We ffer educatinal talks and speeches t give yu skills fr life.We’re pen mrnings, afternns, evenings and weekends. Stay fr a few hurs r the whle day. The chice is yurs!Jin us fr a meaningful summer with ther teenagers. Sign up (注册) by this weekend at a big discunt (折扣).Fr mre infrmatin: www sprtsandhealth.cm/summerteenclub.Summer Actin—keeping teens active, scial and learning this summer!
1. Which club will help teenagers make new friends?A. Scial Club.B. Health Club. C. Sprts Club. D. Swimming Club.2. Why are teenagers advised t sign up by this weekend?A. Because it will be much cheaper.B. Because it will prvide mre chices.C. Because it will be free t sign up.D. Because it will give mre infrmatin.3. What’s the purpse f the passage?A. T make teenagers live a healthier life.B. T help teenagers t develp gd habits.C. T call n teenagers t jin Summer Actin.D. T intrduce free vacatin clubs t teenagers.
【答案】1. A 2. A 3. C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了健康中心的夏季行动的一些信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“Scial Club—Meet ther active teenagers at ur parties, BBQs, mvie and game nights. Make new friends and create nice summer memries”可知在社交俱乐部可以交朋友。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“ Sign up (注册) by this weekend at a big discunt”可知本周末前注册会打折，会更便宜。故选A。【3题详解】主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了健康中心的夏季行动的一些信息，号召青少年参加这个活动。故选C。
April 23 is knwn as Wrld Bk Day. The idea f setting a day t encurage reading came ut frm UNESCO (联合国教科文组织) in 1995. In fact, it started lng befre that in Spain. In 1922, Spanish writer Vicente Clavel Andrés suggested the idea as a way t hnr their famus writer Miguel de Cervantes. Fur years later, the first celebratin tk place n Octber 7, Cervantes’ birthday. In 1930, it was mved t April 23, the date f his death.Every year since 2001, ne city arund the wrld is chsen t be the UNESCO Wrld Bk Capital fr a year. The task f the city is t carry ut activities t encurage “a culture f reading and spreading its values in all ages in and ut f the cuntry.”
Thugh n Chinese cities have been chsen as the Wrld Bk Capital s far, a recent natinal survey shws a steady (稳定的) rise in reading as a habit in China. Accrding t the survey, each Chinese adult read an average f 4.78 printed bks and 3.33 e-bks in 2022, bth a bit higher than the figures frm 2021. Besides, listening t audibks(有声读物) was anther rising habit, with 35. 5 percent f adults saying they were used t listening t them.Reading bks gives peple the chance t lk int different wrlds and meet new peple bth real and imagined. Ancient Chinese believed in the saying: Read ten thusand bks and travel ten thusand miles. Reading is a way t learn frm the past, understand the wrld, and get life wisdm (智慧). S make every day Wrld Bk Day!
4. When did Spain first hld a celebratin t hnr Cervantes?A. In 1922.B. In 1926.C. In 1930.D. In 1995.5. What shuld a Wrld Bk Capital city d?A. Help sell bks t all ages.B. Spread UNESCO’s values.C. Organize readers t visit the city.D. Carry ut reading activities.6. What des the underlined wrd “them” in Paragraph 3 refer t (指代)?A. Printed bks.B. E-bks.C Audibks.D. Cultural bks.7. What des the last paragraph mainly tell us?A. The meaning f a Chinese saying.B. The imprtance f reading bks.C. The methd f getting life wisdm.D The way f lking int different wrlds
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. B【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了“世界读书日”的由来、世界图书之都的意义以及读书的重要性。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据“In 1922, years later, the first celebratin tk place n Octber 7, Cervantes’ birthday.”可知，第一次庆祝是在1926年，故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据“The task f the city is t carry ut activities t encurage ‘a culture f reading and spreading its values in all ages in and ut f the cuntry.’”可知，世界图书之都的任务是开展活动，鼓励“一种阅读文化，并在国内外各个年龄段传播其价值观”。故选D。【6题详解】代词指代题。根据“Besides, listening t audibks(有声读物) was anther rising habit, with 35. 5 percent f adults saying they were used t listening t them.”（此外，听有声书是另一个日益增长的习惯，35.5%的成年人表示他们习惯听有声书）可知，划线的them指的是上文提到的“有声书”，故选C。【7题详解】段落大意题。根据“Reading bks gives peple the chance t lk int different wrlds and meet new peple bth real and imagined...”可知，本段主要讲述了读书的重要性，故选B。
AI (人工智能) can help teenagers and students learn in several ways.Persnalized learning: AI can knw better abut students, including their advantages, weaknesses, skills, learning favrites, learning needs, and s n. Then it can create a prper learning plan fr each student. This can help students cncentrate n areas that they need t imprve at their wn speed.Interactive (交互的) learning: AI has the ability t make learning mre interactive and interesting. Things like interactive learning apps and educatinal games can make subject learning mre interesting. What’s mre, they can make students interested in a subject at nce. This kind f active learning is sure t be mre helpful than studying alne.
Autmated (自动的) advice and help: AI can prvide autmated advice and answers t questins. It can examine students’ wrk and prvide persnalized help. Fr example, ChatGPT can answer students’ questins quickly in a private, lw-pressure way. This kind f advice and answers can help students better understand knwledge and use their knwledge.Greater resurces (资源): AI can make many f the students’ learning resurces richer and wider, like electrnic textbks, nline curses, and study apps. Fr example, a bilgy textbk with AI technlgy may prvide interactive 3D mdels f a human bdy that students can study mre carefully. AI can prvide interactive examples, intrduce imprtant passages, and ffer assessments (评价).In a wrd, AI has a great ability t imprve studying and learning. By using AI, students can study smarter and reach higher levels f learning and success. The future f AI in educatin is hpeful as technlgies cntinue t develp.
8. What can AI d by knwing better abut students?A. Get mre learning experiences.B. Find ut students’ learning speed.C. Knw mre abut learning favrites.D. Offer prper persnal learning plans.9. Hw might students feel abut educatinal games?A. Traditinal.B. Interesting.C. Difficult.D. Knwledgeable.10. Why des the writer give an example f a bilgy textbk in Paragraph 5?A. T shw bilgy is easy t learn.B. T describe smething mre abut 3D.C. T intrduce a way f assessment.D. T shw AI can prvide rich resurces.11. What’s the best title (标题) fr this passage?A. AI—a smart help fr learningB. AI needs new technlgiesC. AI is much better than a teacherD. AI—hpeful r hpeless
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. D 11. A【解析】【导语】本文介绍了人工智能如何通过多种方式帮助青少年和学生学习。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据“AI can knw better abut students…Then it can create a prper learning plan fr each student.”可知，通过更好地了解学生，AI能够提供合适的个人学习计划。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据“Things like interactive learning apps and educatinal games can make subject learning mre interesting. What’s mre, they can make students interested in a subject at nce.”可知，学生会觉得教育游戏很有趣。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据“Greater resurces (资源): …Fr example, a bilgy textbk with AI technlgy may prvide interactive 3D mdels f a human bdy”可知，作者以生物课本为例，来说明本段的中心：AI可以提供丰富的资源。故选D。11题详解】最佳标题题。通读全文，重点结合首段和尾段可知，本文介绍了人工智能对学生学习的多方面帮助，A项适合做标题。故选A。
Pdareva, 28, was brn in the hmetwn f Russia’s famus pet Sergei Yesenin. She has lved petry (诗歌) since her childhd. Grwing up, she wrte many pems in bth Russian and English. After she came t China t study Chinese in 2013, the wrld f Chinese petry pened up befre her.Pdareva has had clrful experiences in China in the past ten years. She has wn prizes in many Chinese petry writing cmpetitins and published her wn Chinese petry cllectins. Her mst unfrgettable memry is that ne f her Chinese pems written in 2020 was turned int a sng. And even better: She sang it herself.“Sme peple may praise China in a direct way, but I prefer t express my feelings abut the cuntry and describe the friendship between China and Russia thrugh different styles f pems,” Pdareva says.
Pdareva has always wanted t be a cultural ambassadr (使者) between the tw cuntries. In 2020 she began t make vides and shared them nline. Besides sharing Chinese pems she had written, Pdareva als prduced vides abut cultural differences between China and Russia. Smetimes she made humrus vides t explain the misunderstandings that Chinese peple have twards Russians.Besides writing petry, Pdareva has als been painting. She desn’t think the tw art frms are different frm each ther. “Wang Wei was a famus Chinese pet, and he was als a painter,” she says. In December 2022, Pdareva held an exhibitin in Shanghai with 66 f her paintings n shw.“All art is a way fr the creatrs t express their spirit,” Pdareva says. “I hpe t create a website in Russia and intrduce China—thrugh my petry and paintings-t Russians, s that the friendship between the tw cuntries will be much deeper.”
12. Accrding t the passage, hw many languages in all has Pdareva used t write pems?A. Tw.B. Three.C. Fur.D. Five.13. What is the secnd paragraph mainly abut?A. Pdareva’s experiences in China.B. Pdareva’s mst famus pem.C. Pdareva’s lve fr Chinese petry.D. Pdareva’s way f winning prizes.14. Hw des Pdareva try t be a cultural ambassadr between China and Russia?A. By spreading cultural differences between China and Russia.B. By finding sme funny misunderstandings twards Russians.C. By making and sharing vides abut pems and culture nline.D. By learning t write Chinese pems frm famus Chinese pets.15. Why des Pdareva want t create a website in Russia?A. T exhibit sme f her 66 paintings n the website.B. T intrduce sme ways f creating pems in Chinese.C. T help deepen the friendship between China and Russia.D. T explain why petry and painting are the same art frm.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. C【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了热爱诗歌的Pdareva通过作诗的方式来表达对中国的感情，描述中国和俄罗斯之间的友谊，除此之外她制作视频并分享到网上，来解释中国人对俄罗斯人的误解；她也是一名画家，并在上海举办了画展。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据“Grwing up, she wrte many pems in bth Russian and English.”可知，用俄语和英语写了许多诗歌，故选B。【13题详解】段落大意题。根据“Pdareva has had clrful experiences in China in the past ten years”可知，本段讲述了她在中国的经历，故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的内容“In 2020, she began t make vides and shared them nline… Smetimes she made humrus vides t explain the misunderstandings that Chinese peple have twards Russians.”可知，在网上制作和分享关于诗歌和文化的视频，故选C。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据“I hpe t create a website in Russia and intrduce China—thrugh my petry and paintings-t Russians, s that the friendship between the tw cuntries will be much deeper.”可知，希望在俄罗斯建立一个网站是为了深化中俄友谊，故选C。
When yu are tired f buildings, yu can visit ne f Lndn’s many beautiful parks.Hyde Park first pened t the peple f Lndn in the seventeenth century. It is nt far frm the shps f busy Oxfrd Street, but it is nice and quiet. In the center is the lake called the Serpentine, and yu can take a bat ut n the water.There are usually a lt f peple at Speakers’ Crner. Sme peple cme here because they want t tell the wrld imprtant r interesting things—abut the gvernment, r science, r the church, r “the end f the wrld”. They stand at the Crner, and call ut t all the peple arund them. Other peple stand and listen, and smetimes laugh t.
Kensingtn Gardens is next t Hyde Park. Here yu can see a statue（雕像） f Peter Pan, the famus by in the bk Peter Pan by J. M. Baie. There is als a playgrund here, called the Diana, Princess f Wales Memrial Playgrund. And the playgrund has lts f exciting things fr children.Regent’s Park is the hme f Lndn z. The z pened in 1828, and it has animals and birds frm all ver the wrld. There is als a theatre in the park. On a summer’s evening, yu can sit ut and watch a play by Shakespeare. Or yu can see the park frm the water—take a bat alng the canal（运河） frm Camden Lck t Little Venice. In the summer, yu can listen t music in the park.St James’s Park is next t the Mall. It is a small park, but very beautiful, and it is the ldest f the ryal（皇家）parks. Lts f birds live n and arund the lake in the centre f the park.
16. Where can yu listen t an interesting speech?A. In Hyde Park.B. In Regent’s Park.C. In St James’s Park.D. In Kensingtn Gardens.17. What can yu d in Regent’s Park?A. See a statue f Peter Pan.B. Enjy plays r music.C. G bating n the lake.D. Watch birds n the playgrund.18. What d we knw abut St James’s Park?A. It’s a very ld ryal park.B. It’s far away frm the Mall.C. It was built in the 17th century.D. It has a lake called the Serpentine.
【答案】16. A 17. B 18. A【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍伦敦众多美丽的公园。【16题详解】细节理解题。根据“Hyde Park first pened t the peple f Lndn in the seventeenth are usually a lt f peple at Speakers’ Crner.”可知在海德公园可以听一场有趣的演说，故选A。【17题详解】细节理解题。根据“There is als a theatre in the park. On a summer’s evening, yu can sit ut and watch a play by the summer, yu can listen t music in the park.”可知在摄政公园你可以欣赏戏剧或音乐。故选B。【18题详解】细节理解题。根据“St James’s Park is next t the Mall. It is a small park, but very beautiful, and it is the ldest f the ryal（皇家）parks.”可知圣詹姆斯公园是一个非常古老的皇家公园。故选A。
A hungry fly speeds thrugh a frest. It smells nectar（花蜜）and lands n a green leaf. It starts t drink the sweet liquid（液体）. Suddenly, the fly’s wrld turns green. The tw sides f the leaf clse against each ther. Lng green teeth lck tgether arund it. The fly has been caught by Venus flytrap. There is n way t run away alive.The Venus flytrap is perhaps the mst famus killer plant. Hwever, scientists have nly recently started t understand hw it hunts（猎取）and eats. After years f study, plant scientist Alexander Vlkv believes he nw knws the Venus flytrap’s secret. “This,” says Vlkv, “is an electrical plant.”
There are three small hairs alng each f the Venus flytrap’s tw leaves. When an insect tuches a hair, it creates an electrical signal （信号） in the leaf. The insect can cntinue feeding—fr nw. But if it tuches anther hair within 20 secnds, the leaf traps suddenly shut. This allws the plant t tell the difference between a drp f water, fr example, and a mving insect.Once trapped, an insect has little chance f staying alive. Instead f nectar, the Venus flytrap nw releases（释放）a different liquid—ne that slwly eats away at the insect. Ten days later, almst nthing is left. The plant’s leaves pen again, and the Venus flytrap is ready fr its next meal. 19. What des “the fly’s wrld turns green” really mean?A. The fly lands n a green leaf.B. The fly speeds int the frest.C. The fly drinks the green nectar.D. The fly is trapped by the leaf.
20. What makes the leaf clse?A. The drp f water.B. The smell f the insect.C. The tuches n the hairs.D. The hunger f the plant.21. Which f the fllwing is true abut the Venus flytrap?A. It uses electrical signals.B. Its trap clses very slwly.C. It makes three kinds f liquid. D. It eats with its lng teeth.22. What’s the best title fr the passage?A. Wnderful electricity.B. Pwerful hairs.C. A famus killer plant.D. The death f an insect.
【答案】19. D 20. C 21. A 22. C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了捕蝇草这种著名的杀手植物。【19题详解】词句猜测题。根据“It smells nectar（花蜜）and lands n a green leaf. It starts t drink the sweet liquid（液体）. Suddenly, the fly’s wrld turns green. The tw sides f the leaf clse against each ther. ”可知叶子的两面紧贴在一起，苍蝇被这个植物给捕获了，故选D。【20题详解】细节理解题。根据“There are three small hairs alng each f the Venus flytrap’s tw leaves. When an insect tuches a hair, it creates an electrical signal （信号） in the leaf. The insect can cntinue feeding-fr nw. But if it tuches anther hair within 20 secnds, the leaf traps suddenly shut.”（捕蝇草的两片叶子上各有三根细毛。当昆虫接触到一根毛发时，它会在叶子中产生一个电信号。昆虫可以继续进食——暂时如此。但如果它在20秒内碰到另一根毛发，叶子陷阱就会突然关闭。）可知是毛发上的触动让叶片关闭的，故选C。
【21题详解】细节理解题。根据“It starts t drink the sweet liquid（液体）. Suddenly, the fly’s wrld turns green. The tw sides f the leaf clse against each ther.”可知捕蝇草的陷阱关闭得很快；根据文章介绍可知捕蝇草先制造花蜜，然后制造吞噬昆虫的液体，一共两种液体；根据文章和常识可知，捕蝇草是用分泌的液体来消化昆虫，不是长牙齿。根据“When an insect tuches a hair, it creates an electrical signal （信号） in the leaf”可知捕蝇草会使用电子信号。故选A。【22题详解】最佳标题题。根据全文可知，本文主要介绍了捕蝇草这种著名的杀手植物。故选C。