高考英语语法填空专项训练
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这是一份高考英语语法填空专项训练,共33页。试卷主要包含了语法填空等内容,欢迎下载使用。
During China's dynastic perid, emperrs planned the city f Beijing 1. arranged the residential areas accrding t scial classes. The term "hutng", 2. (riginal) meaning "water well" in Mnglian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.
In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Frbidden City, 3. (surrund)in cncentric(同心的)circles by the Inner City and Outer City. Citizens f higher scial classes 4. (permit) t live clser t the center f the circles. The large siheyuan f these high-ranking fficials and wealthy businessmen ften 5. (feature)beautifully carved and painted rf beams and pillars(柱子). The hutngs they frmed were rderly, lined by 6. (space) hmes and walled gardens. Farther frm the center lived the cmmners and labrers. Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and 7. (simple) in design and decratin, and the hutngs were narrwer.
Hutngs represent an imprtant cultural element f the city f Beijing. Thanks t Beijing's lng histry 8. capital f China, almst every hutng has its stries, and sme are even assciated with histric 9. (event). In cntrast t the curt life and upper-class culture represented by the Frbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple f Heaven, the hutngs reflect 10. culture f grassrts Beijingers.
阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Since peple can't always eat ut r ck fr 11. (they), they get takeut r rder delivery. Mre takeut and mre fd delivery equal mre waste, especially plastic waste. That includes cups, bttles, and bags, mst f 12. are nly gd fr ne use. That's a big prblem and it is getting even 13. (bad). The use f thse plastics 14. (increase) by 300% since 2019. The wrld wn't survive if this situatin cntinues.
阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Why d humans prefer sme smells ver thers? One thery, increasingly 15. (supprt) by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned. It's easy t explain hw we determine 16. smells are dangerus r nt: we learn. This has been adpted t ensure easier detectin f gas leaks. Gas naturally. 17. (have) n recgnisable smell. Hwever, a strng smell is added s that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell assciated with danger.
阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Helen was walking dwn the street late 18. the evening, her arms filled with grcery bags. Fcused n balancing the bags, she didn't ntice her wallet falling ut f her pcket. As Helen walked n, she heard a man charging twards her. Fearful that he might have an intentin 19. (harm) her, Helen started t run. Eventually, the man 20. (catch) up with her, and he was nly trying t return her wallet!
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Chinese gvernment recently finalized a plan t set up a Giant Panda Natinal Park (GPNP). 21. (cver) an area abut three times 22. size f Yellwstne Natinal Part, the GPNP will be ne f the first natinal park in the cuntry. The plan will extend prtectin t a significant number f areas that 23. (be) previusly unprtected, bringing many f the existing prtected areas fr giant pandas under ne authrity 24. (increase) effectiveness and reduce incnsistencies in management.
After a three year pilt perid, the GPNP will be finally set up next year. The GPNP. 25. (design) t reflect the guiding principle f "prtecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) f natural ecsystems, preserving bilgical diversity, prtecting eclgical buffer znes, 26. leaving behind precius natural assets (资产) fr future generatins". The GPNP's main gal is t imprve cnnectivity between separate 27. (ppulatin) and hmes f giant pandas, and 28. (eventual) achieve a desired level f ppulatin in the wild.
Giant pandas als serve 29. an umbrella species (物种). Bringing prtectin t a hst f plants and animals in the suthwestern and nrthwester parts f China. The GPNP is intended t prvide strnger prtectin fr all the species 30. live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly imprve the health f the ecsystem in the area.
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
May 21st this year marks the first Internatinal Tea Day, which was named fficially 31. the United Natins n Nvember 27th, 2019. T celebrate 32. festival, a number f events tk place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing n Thursday.
The chairman f the China Culture Prmtin Sciety 33. (address)the pening ceremny. "As a main prmter f the Internatinal Tea Day, the birthplace f tea and the 34. (large)tea-prducing cuntry, China has a 35. (respnsible)t wrk with ther cuntries t prmte the healthy develpment f the tea industry. It can help t build a cmmunity with a 36. (share)future fr mankind," he said.
The "First Internatinal Tea Day Tea Rad Cperative Initiative" issued(发布)at the ceremny calls fr peple wrking in the tea industry t cme tgether t prmte internatinal cperatin 37. cultural exchanges. A fur-year tea prmtin—Tea Rad Cperative Plan—was als issued in accrdance with the initiative.
38. (strengthen)the cnnectin with yung peple, the event included a number f public prmtinal activities n scial media, 39. (invite)twenty-nine tea prfessinals frm arund the wrld t have thirty-six hurs f uninterrupted live bradcasts.
The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was fficially unveiled(揭幕)at the ceremny, pening 40. (it)first exhibitin: The Avenue f Truth—A Special Exhibitin f Pu'er Tea.
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A visually-challenged man frm Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days t Xi'an, as a first step 41. (jurney) the Belt and Rad rute (路线) by ft.
On the 1,100-Kilmeter jurney, the man Ca Shengkang, 42. lst his eyesight at the age f eight in a car accident, crssed 40 cities and cunties in three prvince. Inspired by the Belt and Rad Frum fr Internatinal Cperatin 43. (hld) in Beijing. Ca decided t cver the rute by hiking as a tribute (致敬) t the ancient Silk Rad. 44. friend f his, Wu Fan, vlunteered t be his cmpanin during the trip.
Ca and Wu als cllectcd garbage alng the rad, in rder t prmte envirnmental 45. (prtect). Ca believes this will make the hiking trip even mre 46. (meaning). The tw f them cllected mre than 1,000 plastic bttles alng the 40-day jurney.
In the last five years. Ca 47. (walk) thrugh 34 cuntries in six cntinents, and in 2016, he reached the tp f Kilimanjar, Africa's 48. (high) muntain.
Nw, Ca has started the secnd part f his dream t walk alng the Belt and Rad rute. He flew 4, 700 kilmeters 49. Xi'an t Kashgar n Spet 20, 50. (plan) t hike back t Xi'an in five mnths.
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Henry Tyler made the catch f the year n the weekend. When he saw a yung child hanging frm a sixth-flr apartment balcny(阳台) , Henry ran ne hundred metres, jumped ver a 1.2-metre fence, and held ut his arms t catch the 51. (fall) child.
Eric Brwn, nly three years ld, kncked Henry dwn when he fell. The by is in the hspital and dctrs say he'll be OK.
52. Brwn family live in an apartment building utside Trnt. On the day f the accident, Mrs. Brwn was at wrk and Eric was at hme with his father. They bth fell 53. (sleep) while watching TV.
Eric wke up a little later when he heard children playing utside. He pushed a chair nt the balcny, and climbed up 54. (see) them. When he lked dwn, he 55. (accidental) slipped and fell ver the edge. He hung n fr a few minutes 56. screamed fr his father, but his father didn't hear him.
Henry 57. (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He lked up and saw Eric hanging frm the balcny. He quickly 58. (thrw) his tls aside, and started running, arms ut.
"He saved my 59. (sn) life," said Mrs. Brwn. "I dn't knw 60. t thank him."
"I just didn't want the by t be hurt," said Henry.
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Kim Cbb, a prfessr at the Gergia Institute f Technlgy in Atlanta, is ne f a small but grwing minrity f academics 61. are cutting back n their air travel because f climate change. Travelling t cnferences, lectures, wrkshps, and the like -frequently by plane 62. (view)as imprtant fr scientists t get tgether and exchange infrmatin But Cbb and thers 63. (be)nw questining that idea pushing cnferences t prvide mre chances t participate remtely and 64. (change) their persnal behavir t d their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. On a website called N Fly Climate Sci, fr example, 65. (rugh) 200 academics-many f them climate scientists 66. (prmise) t fly as little as pssible since the effrt started tw years ag.
Cbb fr her party, started t ask cnference rganizers wh invited her t speak 67. she culd d s remtely: abut three-quarters f 68. time, they agreed. When the answer was n, she, declined the 69. (invite)That apprach brught Cbb's air travel last year dwn by 75% and she plans 70. (cntinue) the practice. "It has been fairly rewarding," she says, "a really psitive change.
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
It desn't impress like Gerge Washingtn's plantatin n the Ptmac, but Lincln's hme in dwntwn Springfield, Illinis, 71. (prve)irresistible t visitrs since it pened t the public. Beautifully restred(修复)t its 1860 appearance, the huse was Abraham and Mary Lincln's hme fr 17 years. In 1844 they bught it 72. $1,200 and sme land frm Charles Dresser, wh perfrmed their 73. (marry)ceremny in 1842.
When the huse was built, it was much 74. (small)than it is tday. Mary's niece wrte, "The little hme 75. (paint)white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary lved it. She was extremely pretty, and her huse was a reflectin f 76. (she), everything in gd taste and in perfect rder.
Althugh Mary lved flwers, 77. she nr her husband was knwn as a gardener. A lng- time neighbr said they never planted trees and nly kept a garden fr ne year. Mary's sister, Frances Tdd Wallace, ften came ver 78. (plant)flwers in the frnt yard.
79. Linclns enlarged the huse t a full tw stries in 1856 t meet the needs f their grwing family. Three f the fur Lincln sns were brn here. After Lincln was elected President f the US in 1861, they rented the huse and 80. (sell)mst f their furniture.
81.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(共10小题:每小题1.5分,满分15分)
Last Octber , while tending her garden in Mra , Sweden , Lena Pahlssn pulled ut a handful f small (carrt) and was abut t thrw them away. But smething made her lk clser , and she nticed a (shine) bject. Yes, there beneath the leafy tp f ne tiny carrt was her lng-lst wedding ring.
Pahlssn screamed ludly that her daughter came running frm the huse. “she thught I had hurt (I),”says Pahlssn
Sixteen years (early), Pahlssn had remved the diamnd ring (ck) a meal. When she wanted t put the ring back n later, it was gne. She suspected that ne f her three daughters —then ten, eight, and six— had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn't. Pahlssn and her husband (search) the kitchen, checking every crner, but turned up nthing. “I gave up hpe f finding my ring again," she says. She never replaced it.
Pahlssn and her husband nw think the ring prbably gt (sweep) int a pile f kitchen rubbish and was spread ver the garden, it remained until the carrt's leafy tp accidentally spruted (生长) thrugh it. Fr Pahlssn, its return was wnder.
82.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
She lks like any ther schlgirl, fresh-faced and full f life. Sarah Thmas is lking frward t the challenge f her new A-level curse . But unlike schl friends ,16-year-ld Sarah is nt spending half-term (rest). Instead, she is earning $6500 a day as mdel in New Yrk.
Sarah (tell) that she culd be Britain's new supermdel, earning a millin dllars in the new year. Her father Peter44,want her t give up schl t mdel fulltime. But Sarah, has taken part in shws alng with tp mdels, wants (prve) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined t carry n with her (educate).
She has turned dwn several (invitatin) t star at shws in rder t cncentrate n her studies. After schl she plans t take a year ff t mdel full time befre ging t university t get a degree engineering r architecture.
Sarah says, "My dad thinks I shuld take the ffer nw. But at the mment, schl (cme) first. I dn't want t get t absrbed in mdeling. It is (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I dn't want t have nthing else t fall back n when I can't mdel my mre."
83.语法填空。
Peple ften dn' t d what they really want t fr fear f failure. Yu dn't apply fr a jb case yu dn't get it. Yu dn't perfrm at the schl cncert b thers might laugh at yu. A lack f cnfidence can l t a lt f suffering.
The key t this prblem is t believe in yurself. This might be (容易)said than dne, but there are many w t help yu d this. Talk abut yur prblem with a friend r lk advice n the Internet. Imagine yurself being (成功)and practice breathing techniques t keep yu calm when yu get nervus. And the imprtant thing is: believe yu can d it. When yu've (学会)t d that, yu are well n yur way.
84.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
In 1863 the first undergrund passenger railway in the wrld pened in Lndn. It ran fr just under seven kilmeters and allwed peple t avid terrible (crwd) n the rads abve as they travelled t and wrk. It tk three years t cmplete and was built using an interesting methd. This included digging up the rad, (lay) the track and then building a strng rf ver tp. When all thse had been dne, the rad surface was replaced.
Steam engines (use) t pull the carriages and it must have been (fair) unpleasant fr the passsengers, with all the smke and nise. Hwever, the railway quickly prved t be a great success and within six mnths, mre than 25,000 peple were using every day.
Later, engineers (manage) t cnstruct railways in a system f deep tunnels (隧道), which became knwn as the Tube. This develpment was nly pssible with the (intrduce) f electric-pwered engines and lifts. The central Lndn Railway was ne f the mst (success) f these new lines, and was pened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and prved extremely ppular with the public.
85.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
There has been a recent trend in the fd service industry tward lwer fat cntent and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical cmmunity(医学界) a methd f fighting heart disease, has had sme unintended side (effect) such as verweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical cmmunity was trying t fight.
Fat and salt are very imprtant parts f a diet. They are required (prcess) the fd that we eat, t recver frm injury and fr several ther bdily functins. When fat and salt (remve) frm fd, the fd tastes as if is missing smething. As result, peple will eat mre fd t try t make up fr that smething missing. Even (bad), the amunt f fast fd that peple eat ges up. Fast fd (be) full f fat and salt; by (eat) mre fast fd peple will get mre salt and fat than they need in their diet.
Having enugh fat and salt in yur meals will reduce the urge t snack(吃点心) between meals and will imprve the taste f yur fd. Hwever, be (care) nt t g t extremes. Like anything, it is pssible t have t much f bth, is nt gd fr the health.
86.语法填空。
(B)
Stress: Gd r Bad?
Stress used t be an almst unknwn wrd, but nw that we are used t talking abut it, I have fund that peple are beginning t get stressed abut being stressed.
In recent years, stress (regard) as a cause f a whle range f medical prblems, frm high bld pressure t mental illness. But like s many ther things, it is nly t much stress des yu harm. It is time yu cnsidered that if there were n stress in yur life, yu wuld achieve a little. If yu are stuck at hme with n stress, then yur level f perfrmance will be lw. Up t a certain pint, the mre stress yu are under, the (gd) yur perfrmance will be. Beynd a certain pint, thugh, further stress will nly lead t exhaustin, illness and finally a breakdwn. Yu can tell when yuare ver the tp and n the dwnward slpe, by asking yurself numberf questins. D yu, fr instance, feel that t much is being expected f , and yet find it impssible t say n? D yu find yurself getting impatient r (anny) with peple ver unimprtant things? If the answer t all thse questins is yes, yu had better (cntrl) yur stress, as yu prbably are under mre stress than is gd fr yu.
T sme extent yu can cntrl the amunt f stress in yur life. Dctrs have wrked ut a chart shwing hw much stress is invlved in varius events. Getting married is 50, pregnancy 40, mving huse 20, Christmas 12, etc. If the ttal stress in yur life is ver 150, yu are twice as likely (get) ill.
87.阅读短文,根据短文内容,在空白处填入一个适当的单词,必要时进行词形变化。
(A)
Bags f Lve
Last year, I was assigned t wrk at an ffice near my mther's huse, s I stayed with her fr a mnth. During that time, I helped ut with the husewrk and cntributed t the grceries.
After less than a week, I started nticing that the grceries were running ut pretty quickly — we were always suddenly ut f smething. (wnder) hw my mum culd cnsume them s quickly, I began bserving her daily rutine fr tw weeks. T my surprise, I fund that she wuld pack a paper bag full f canned gds and head ut every mrning at abut nine. Eventually, I decided t fllw her and happened truly amazed me. She was taking the fd t the refugee camp, in she distributed it t children.
I asked arund and fund ut that my mum was very well knwn in the area. The kids were very friendly with her and even lked up t her as if she were their wn mther. Then it hit me —why wuld she nt want t tell me abut what she (d)? Was she wrried abut hw I wuld react r that I wuld stp (buy) the grceries if I fund ut?
When she gt hme, I tld her abut my discvery. she culd react, I gave her a big hug and tld her she didn't need t keep it a secret me. She tld me that sme f the children lived with an lder lady in a shelter while thers slept n the streets. Fr years, my mum has been helping ut by giving them whatever fd she culd spare. I was s impressed by selfless she was.
88.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The giant panda (lve) by peple thrughut the wrld. Chinese scientists (recent) had a chance t study a wild female panda with a newbrn baby. She was a very (care)mther. Fr 25days, she never left her baby, nt even t find smething (eat)! She wuld nt let any ther pandas cme near. She licked the baby cnstantly t keep it clean. Any smell might attract natural (enemy) that wuld try t eat the little cmfrting pats. The mther held the baby in herfrnt paws much the way a human des. it cried, she rcked it back and frth and gave it little cmfrting pats, The mther cntinued t care fr the yung panda mre than tw years. By that time, the panda n lnger needed (it) mther fr fd. Hwever, it stayed with her and leaned abut the ways f the frest.Then, after tw and a half years, the mther (drive)the yung panda away. It was time fr her t have a new baby, itwas als time fr the yung panda t be independent.
89.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
In much f Asia, especially the s-called"rice bwl" cultures f China, Japan, Krea, Vietnam,fd is usually eaten with chpsticks.
Chpsticks are usually tw lng, thin pieces f wd r bamb.They can als be made f plastic, animal bne r metal. Smetimes chpsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chpsticks might (make) f gld and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled wrkers als cmbine varius hard wds and metal (create)special designs.
The Chinese have used chpsticks fr five thusand years. Peple prbably cked their fd in large pts, (use) twigs(树枝)t remveit. Over time, the ppulatin grew, peple began cutting fd int small pieces s it wuld ck mre quickly.
Fd in small pieces culd be eaten easily with twigs which (gradual) turned int chpsticks.
Sme peple think that the great Chinese schlar Cnfucius, livedfrm rughly 551 t 479 B.C., influenced the (develp) f chpsticks. Cnfucius believed knives wuld remind peple f killings and (be) t vilent fr use at the table.
Chpsticks are ntused everywhere in Asia. In India, fr example, mst peple traditinally eat their hands.
90.第二节
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The giant panda (lve) by peple thrughut the wrld.Chinese scientists (recent) had a chance t study a wildfemale panda with a newbrn baby.She was a very (care)mther.Fr 25days,she never lefther baby,nt even t find smething (eat)!She wuld nt let any therpandas cme near.She licked the baby cnstantly t keep it clean.Any smellmight attract natural (enemy)thatwuld try t eat the little cmfrting pats.The mther held the baby in her frnt paws much the way a humandes. it cried,she rcked it back and frth andgave it little cmfrting pats,The mther cntinued t care fr the yung panda mre than tw years.By thattime,the panda n lnger needed (it)mtherfr fd.Hwever,it stayed with her and leaned abut the ways f thefrest.Then,after tw and a half years,the mther (drive)theyung panda away.It was time fr her t have a new baby, itwas als time fr the yung panda t be independent.
91.短文填词
Every individual is a member f a grup called the cmmunity, and it is the duty f every citizen ask what he can d fr his cmmunity. A gd citizen (相信) that he shuld serve the cmmunity and nt the cmmunity serve h . As students, there are many ways in yu can serve the cmmunity. Abve all, hwever, yu have t acquire a certain amunt f skill and experience b yu can be f service t thers. Yur schl has lts f (活动) which prepare yu gd citizenship. Many schl scieties train students t becme gd citizens wh later p in vlunteer wrk and serve the public in t f need. If yu serve yur cmmunity, yu will grw t be a gd citizen with a strng sense f respnsibility.
92.Directins: Cmplete the fllwing passage by filling in each blank with ne wrd that best fits the cntext.
When kids in parts f the wrld want t play, they ften make sccer balls ut f trash tied tgether with string. “ the areas used fr playing fields are ften rugh and rcky, millins f real balls g flat (变瘪) 24 hurs,” says Tim Jahnigen, a Califrnia businessman. Determined t slve this prblem, created an indestructible ball called the One Wrld Futbl.
The ball is made f special material, ethylene-vinyl acetate fam. It's lightweight, it's flexible, and— imprtant—it hlds its shape.
The One Wrld Futbl needs n pump wn't wear ut, even n rugh surfaces. When tested, withstd (经受住) being crushed by a car, and even being chewed n by a lin.
Althugh it csts mre t prduce a typical sccer ball, Jahnigen estimates the One Wrld Futbl can last 30 years. S far, it's been given t kids in 143 cuntries.
93.语法填空
Keeping in tuch with ur friends is an imprtant part f friendship. This des nt mean that have t write r call ur friends every day. It des mean, hwever, that we care enugh abut ur friends t find ut hw they are ding frm time t time.
Peple have different habits abut keeping in tuch with thers. Sme like t call their friends, smetimes many times day. Others prefer t e-mail their friends. Still prefer writing letters s that they can include phts r interesting articles the envelpes alng with their letters. Sme even write pstcards while they are n vacatin send them t friends.
Every kind f cmmunicatin is imprtant. It is imprtant what kind f call we make r letter we send. is imprtant is that we let thers knw we care abut them.
答案解析部分
【答案】1.and;2.riginally;3.surrunded;4.were permitted;5.featured;6.spacius;7.simpler;8.as;9.events;10.the
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了北京的胡同的由来、规模及历史意义。
【点评】考查语法填空,本题考点涉及连词,副词,非谓语动词,时态语态,形容词,介词,名词,冠词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
1.句意:在中国的朝代时期,皇帝规划北京城并根据社会阶层安排居住区。分析句子结构可知,planned和arranged是并列的谓语动词,表示并列关系应用连词and连接。故填and。
2.句意:胡同起初在蒙古语当中是"水井"的意思,首次出现在元朝。空格处修饰动词meaning需要用副词形式。故填riginally。
3.句意:在明朝,紫禁城是中心,它被由内层和外层构成的同心圆包围。主语the Frbidden City和surrund之间是动宾关系,应用过去分词,故填surrunded。
4.句意:高等阶层的公民被允许住在离中心地带更近的地方。此处是谓语动词,和主语Citizens f higher scial classes构成被动关系,因为是对过去事实的陈述应用一般过去时。故填were permitted。
5.句意:这些高级官员和有钱商人的高大的四合院,通常以雕刻精美和被粉刷的房顶横梁和柱子为特点。此处是谓语动词,再结合上下文时态可知,空格处应用一般过去时。故填featured。
6.句意:他们建立的胡同井然有序。宽大的房屋和有墙的花园成行排列。空格处应用形容词作定语修饰空格后的名词hmes。故填spacius。
7.句意:他们的四合院规模要小很多,并且在设计和装饰上更加简单,并且胡同也更窄。根据句子结构和and可知,空格处需要填形容词比较级和前面的smaller构成并列结构作表语。故填simpler。
8.句意:感谢北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史,同时每一条胡同都有自己的故事,甚至有一些还跟历史事件有关。根据句意可知,空格处译为"作为",as是介词意为"作为",符合句意。故填as。
9.句意:感谢北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史,同时每一条胡同都有自己的故事,甚至有一些还跟历史事件有关。根据空格前的形容词histric可知,空格处需要填名词,且event为可数名词,应用复数形式。故填events。
10.句意:与紫禁城颐和园和天坛所代表的宫廷生活和上流社会文化相比,胡同所反映出的是草根北京人的文化。根据名词culture后面的介词短语f grassrts Beijingers可知,此处culture表示特指概念,应用定冠词修饰。故填the。
【答案】11.themselves;12.which;13.wrse;14.has increased
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了人们在点外卖的同时,也增加了塑料产品的使用,造成了环境污染。
【点评】考查语法填空,本题考点涉及代词,定语从句,形容词,时态,主谓一致,以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
11.句意:因为人们不能总是在外面吃饭或者为他们自己做饭,所以他们叫外卖或者叫外卖。空处在句中作介词fr的宾语,当主语和宾语为同一物时,宾语要用反身代词。所以此处要用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。
12.句意:这包括杯子、瓶子和袋子,其中大多数(东西)只能使用一次。mst f ______are nly gd fr ne use在句中为非限制性定语从句;先行词为cups, bttles, and bags,在从句中作介词f的宾语,所以此处用关系代词which。故填which。
13.句意:这是个大问题,而且越来越严重。even“甚至”常置于比较级前,所以此处用wrse,故填wrse。
14.句意:自从2019年,那些塑料的使用已经增加了300%。根据句中since 2019,可知此处用现在完成时。主语The use f thse plastics为单数含义,助动词用has。故填has increased。
【答案】15.supprted;16.whether;17.has
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了人们更喜欢一些味道而不是其它的味道的一个原因,是因为人们对气味的偏好是习得的,这个理论也是越来越多地被专家支持的。
【点评】考查语法填空,本题考点涉及非谓语动词,宾语从句,时态,主谓一致等知识点的考查,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
15.句意:被专家越来越多地支持的一个理论表明气味的偏好是习得的。根据空后的by experts可判断出该处意为“被专家们支持”,所以应用过去分词表被动。故填supprted。
16.句意:解释我们怎样确定气味是不是危险的是容易的:我们学习到的。 smells are dangerus r nt 是宾语从句。再结合句意及空格后句子中的r nt可知,此处是whether…r nt,故填whether。
17.句意:气体本来没有可识别的味道。分析句子结构可知空格处的动词作谓语,本句话是在陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时态,且主语gas在本文中指的是气体的统称,为不可数名词,所以谓语动词要用单三形式。故填has。
【答案】18.in;19.t harm;20.caught
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了海伦在夜间独行时的一段经历。
【点评】考查语法填空,本题考点涉及介词,非谓语动词,时态等知识点的考查,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
18.句意:深夜,海伦抱着购物袋走在街上。in the evening,固定短语,“在晚上”,故in。
19.句意:海伦担心他可能有意伤害她,便开始快跑。have an intentin t d sth.固定短语,“有意向做某事”,不定式作后置定语,故填t harm。
20.句意:最终,那个男人追上了她,他只是想把她的钱包还给她!此处是谓语动词,动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时,故填caught。
【答案】21.Cvering;22.the;23.were;24.t increase;25.is designed;26.and;27.ppulatins;28.eventually;29.as;30.that
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了中国政府决定建立的大熊猫国家公园的计划。
【点评】考查语法填空,本题考点涉及非谓语动词,冠词,时态,主谓一致,语态,连词,名词,副词,介词,定语从句以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
21.句意:该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍,将成为中国首批国家公园之一。cver和逻辑主语the GPNP是主谓关系,应用现在分词,此处作状语,故填Cvering。
22.句意:该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍,将成为中国首批国家公园之一。此处是倍数的表达法,其结构是:倍数+ the size f +比较成分。故填the。
23.句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性。此处是定语从句的谓语动词,先行词为a significant number f areas,在从句中作主语,根据previusly可知从句的时态应为一般过去时,故填were。
24.句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性。此处作目的状语,应用动词的不定式的形式。故填t increase。
25.句意:GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性,保护生物多样性,保护生态缓冲区,为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。此处是谓语动词,和主语The GPNP之间为被动关系;陈述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时。主语是the GPNP,故填is designed。
26.句意:GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性,保护生物多样性,保护生态缓冲区,为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。前后为并列关系,应用and。故填and。
27.句意:GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系,最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。此处和hmes并列作宾语,应用ppulatin 的复数的形式。故填ppulatins。
28.句意:GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系,最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。此处应用副词修饰动词achieve,作状语,故填eventually。
29.句意:大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色,为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。serve as 固定短语,“充当”。故填as。
30.句意:该计划旨在为生活在Giant Panda Range的所有物种提供更有力的保护,并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。 live within the Giant Panda Range 是限制性定语从句,先行词为 the species ,在从句中作指物的主语,因先行词前为all修饰,只能用关系代词that。故填that。
【答案】31.by;32.the;33.addressed;34.largest;35.respnsibility;36.shared;37.and;38.T strengthen;39.inviting;40.its
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了为了庆祝第一个国际茶日,中国商会博物馆所举办的一系列活动。
【点评】考查语法填空,本题考点涉及介词,非谓语动词,时态,形容词,名词,连词,代词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
31.句意:2019年11月27日,联合国正式将5月21日定为第一个国际茶日。根据句意可知,此处表达“被联合国在5月21日命名”。表示被动,使用固定结构“be+过去分词+by”。故填by。
32.句意:为了庆祝这一节日,周四在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。特指Internatinal Tea Day这一节日,所以用定冠词the。故填the。
33.句意:中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上致辞。此处是谓语动词,陈述过去事情,用一般过去时。故填addressed。
34.句意:中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国,作为国际茶日的主要推动者,中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。根据定冠词the和常识可知,中国是最大产茶国,所以用形容词的最高级形式。故填largest。
35.句意:中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国,作为国际茶日的主要推动者,中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。不定冠词a后接可数名词的单数形式。故填respnsibility。
36.句意:这有助于构建人类命运共同体。share和名词future在逻辑上是动宾关系,应用过去分词,此处作定语。故填shared。
37.句意:仪式上发布的“首个国际茶日万里茶道合作倡议”呼吁茶业人士团结起来,促进国际合作和文化交流。名词internatinal cperatin和cultural exchanges为并列成分,作动词prmte的宾语。故填and。
38.句意:为了加强与年轻人的联系,活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动,邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。根据句意可知,此处表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”,需要用不定式作目的状语。故填T strengthen。
39.句意:为了加强与年轻人的联系,活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动,邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。逻辑主语the event与invite之间是主谓关系,应用现在分词,此处作状语。故填inviting。
40.句意:在开幕式上,中国古茶博物馆正式揭牌,开启了它的第一个展览:大道遗真——普洱茶专题展。名词exhibitin前用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
【答案】41.t jurney;42.wh;43.held;44.A;45.prtectin;46.meaningful;47.has walked;48.highest;49.frm;50.planning
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了一个失明的北京男子曹晟康徒步旅行一带一路的事情。
【点评】考查语法填空,本题考点涉及非谓语动词,定语从句,冠词,名词,形容词,时态,介词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
41.句意:近日,一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安,作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。此处jurney为动词,表示“旅行”,step前面有序数词,应用不定式,作后置定语。故填t jurney。
42.句意:在1100公里的旅程中,8岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹晟康穿过了三个省的40个城市和县。 lst his eyesight at the age f eight in a car accident 是非限定性定语从句,先行词为Ca Shengkang,指人,在从句中作主语,应用关系代词wh引导。故填wh。
43.句意:受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发,曹决定徒步穿越这条路线,以向古代丝绸之路致敬。hld与cperatin之间为逻辑动宾关系,应用过去分词,作后置定语,表被动。故填held。
44.句意:他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。此处泛指“他的一个朋友”,应用不定冠词,friend以辅音音素开头,应用a,空处位于句首,首字母大写。故填A。
45.句意:曹和吴还沿路收集垃圾,以促进环境保护。此处名词作宾语,prtectin“保护”,不可数名词。故填prtectin。
46.句意:曹认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。此处是make复合结构,应用形容词作宾语补足语。故填meaningful。
47.句意:在过去的五年中,曹晟康穿越了六大洲的34个国家,2016年,他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶,这是非洲最高的山峰。此处是谓语动词,根据时间状语in the last five years可知,此处应用现在完成时,主语Ca为第三人称单数,助动词用has。故填has walked。
48.句意:在过去的五年中,曹晟康穿越了六大洲的34个国家,2016年,他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶,这是非洲最高的山峰。根据空前Africa's可知,此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉,应用形容词最高级。故填highest。
49.句意:9月20日,他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什,计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。此处表示“从西安飞往喀什”,frm…t…固定短语,“从……到……”,故填frm。
50.句意:9月20日,他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什,计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。plan与主语He之间为逻辑主谓关系,应用现在分词,表主动。故填planning。
【答案】51.falling;52.The;53.asleep;54.t see;55.accidentally;56.and;57.was fixing;58.threw;59.sn's;60.hw
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了正在修车的Henry拯救了挂在六楼公寓的阳台上,即将要掉下来的小孩Eric的故事。
【点评】考查语法填空,本题考点涉及非谓语动词,冠词,形容词,副词,连词,时态,所有格以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
51.句意:当 Henry 看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时,他跑了100米,跳过了1.2米高的栅栏,伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。fall 掉,动词, child和fall之间是主动关系,同时表示正在进行的含义。应用现在分词,此处作定语。故填falling。
52.句意: Brwn 一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。此处冠词与Brwn family 构成名词短语作主语。the+姓氏,意为“某某一家人”,the符合句意。同时该单词置于句首,首字母应该大写。故填The。
53.句意:他们俩看电视的时候都睡着了。sleep,名词,睡觉,fall asleep,固定短语,“熟睡的”,故填asleep。
54.句意:过了一会儿, Eric 听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音,醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上,爬上去看他们。see,动词,看,此处不定式t s作目的状语,故填t see。
55.句意:当他往下看时,不小心滑了一跤,从悬崖边上掉了下去。accidental,偶然的,形容词,此处副词修饰动词slipped,作状语,故填accidentally。
56.句意:他坚持了几分钟,尖叫喊着他的父亲,但他的父亲没有听到他。此处连接hung和screamed两个动作,表示并列关系,应用and连接,故填and。
57.句意:听到尖叫声时, Henry 正在修车。fix,修理,动词,此处是谓语动词,根据when he heard the screams,可知,设空处的动作是正在发生的,同时该句描述的是过去的事实。应用过去进行时,故填was fixing。
58.句意:他迅速把工具扔到一边,伸出胳膊跑了起来。thrw,扔,动词,此处与空后的and started构成并且结构。故应该使用一般过去时,故填threw。
59.句意:他拯救了我儿子的生命。sn,儿子,可数名词,根据句意,life与提示词sn之间是所属关系,故应该使用名词所有格。故填sn's。
60.句意:我不知道如何去感谢他。此处是特殊疑问词+t d不定式结构作宾语。根据句意,hw意为“如何”,符合句意。故填hw。
【答案】61.wh/that;62.is viewed/has been viewed;63.are;64.changing;65.rughly;66.have prmised;67.whether/if;68.the;69.invitatin;70.t cntinue
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了一个由学者团体发行的实践,目的是为了减少学术飞行以应对气候变化危机。
【点评】考查语法填空,本题考点涉及定语从句,时态语态,主谓一致,非谓语动词,副词,宾语从句,冠词,名词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
61.句意:亚特兰大佐治亚科技研究院的教授Kim Cbb是一个少数但是不断增加的少数学者中的一员,因为气候变化,他们正在削减他们的飞机旅行。 are cutting back n their air travel because f climate change. 是限制性定语从句,先行词是academics,在从句中作主语,应使用关系代词that/wh,故填that/wh。
62.句意:对科学家而言,旅行去参加会议、讲座、工作室之类的地方来相聚并交流信息这件事被视为是重要的。描述人们普遍认知的事情用一般现在时,此处也可以表示强调人们从过去到现在的认知,动名词作主语与主谓之间存在被动关系,故填is viewed/has been viewed。
63.句意:但是现在Cbb和其他人正在质疑那个想法,推动会议提供更多远程参加的机会以及为了尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机,他们正在改变他们的个人行为。根据句意可知,此处也应使用现在进行时,主语为复数,故填are。
64.句意:但是现在Cbb和其他人正在质疑那个想法,推动会议提供更多远程参加的机会以及为了尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机,他们正在改变他们的个人行为。此处and连接并列的动词questining和change,故填changing。
65.句意:例如,在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上,自从两年前成立以来,大约有200个学者,他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。此处修饰数字用副词rughly“粗略地大约”,故填rughly。
66.句意:例如,在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上,自从两年前成立以来,大约有200个学者,他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。根据时间状语since the effrt started tw years ag,可知主句应使用现在完成时,故填have prmised。
67.句意:对于她的出席,Cbb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。显然ask后面出现了一个宾语从句,宾语从句句意不完整,whether/if“是否”符合语境,故填whether或if。
68.句意:大约有四分之三的时间,他们同意了。此处特指Cbb询问的时间范围内,故填the。
69.句意:当答案是否定的时候,她拒绝了那个邀请。此处需填入名词作动词decline的宾语,故填invitatin。
70.句意:他打算继续这个实践。plan t d sth.,固定短语,“计划做”,故填t cntinue。
【答案】71.has prved/has prven;72.fr;73.marriage;74.smaller;75.was painted;76.herself;77.neither;78.t plant;79.The;80.sld
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了林肯在伊利诺依州斯普林菲尔德市中心的家的历史与现状。
【点评】考查语法填空,本题考点涉及时态,介词,名词,形容词,语态 ,代词,非谓语动词,冠词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
71.句意:它不像乔治·华盛顿在波托马克河上的种植园那样给人留下深刻的印象,但林肯在伊利诺斯州斯普林菲尔德市中心的家,自从向公众开放以来,就被证明是不可抗拒的。prve,证明,动词,根据时间状语 since it pened t the public可知,应与现在完成时连用;该空的主语为 Lincln's hme,为第三人称单数,助动词应用 has,故填 has prven / has prved。
72.句意:1844年,他们以1200美元的价格买下了这座房子,并从 Charles Dresser 那里买下了一些土地,Charles Dresser 在1842年为他们举行了婚礼。该空应为“以……的价格”之意,fr 意为“以……的价格”,故填fr。
73.句意:1844年,他们以1200美元的价格买下了这座房子,并从 Charles Dresser 那里买下了一些土地,Charles Dresser 在1842年为他们举行了结婚仪式。marry,和……结婚,动词,marriage ceremny 固定短语,“结婚仪式”,故填marriage。
74.句意:这所房子建的时候比现在小得多。small,小的,形容词,根据句中的 than 可知,该空应用 small 的比较级,故填smaller。
75.句意:小屋被漆成了白色。paint,刷,动词,主语 The little hme,与paint 之间为被动关系,应用被动语态;根据下文 “It was sweet and fresh. ”可知,事情发生在过去,应用一般过去时。主语为第三人称单数形式,故填was painted。
76.句意:她非常漂亮,她的房子是她自己的写照,一切都很有品位,井井有条。she,她,主格,该空应为“她自己”之意,应用其反身代词 ,herself,故填herself。
77.句意:虽然 Mary 喜欢花,但她和她的丈夫都不是作为园丁而出名的。neither ... nr ...,固定短语,“既不……也不……”,表示两者都不,故填neither。
78.句意:Mary 的妹妹 Frances Tdd Wallace 经常来前院种花。plant,种植,动词,此处应用动词不定式作目的状语,故填t plant。
79.句意:林肯一家在1856年将房子扩大到整整两层,以满足他们不断增长的家庭的需要。“定冠词 the + 复数姓氏”表示某姓的一家人或夫妻俩、兄弟俩、姐妹俩等,故填 The。
80.句意:1861年林肯当选美国总统后,他们租下了这栋房子,并卖掉了大部分家具。sell,卖,动词,句子主语为 they,rented 和空处同为句子的谓语动词,应保持形式一致,应用一般过去时,故填 sld。
81.【答案】carrts;shiny/shining;s;myself;earlier;t ck;searched;swept;where;a
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Lena Pahlssn在花园里采摘胡萝卜时,找到了丢失已久的结婚戒指的那种失而复得心情。
⑴句意:去年十月,在Pahlssn在整理花园的时候,她拔出一把小胡萝卜正要扔掉。a handful f+复数名词,故填carrts。
⑵句意:但是有东西使得她凑近仔细看,她注意到了一个闪光的物体。修饰名词bject,故用形容词shining。
⑶句意:Pahlssn 尖叫的如此大声以至于她女儿从屋里跑出来,s+形容/副词+that……如此……以至于。故填s。
⑷句意:“她以为我伤到了自己。”主语与宾语是同一人,故用反身代词myself。
⑸句意:十六年前,故用比较级earlier。
⑹句意:Pahlssn 退掉钻戒去做饭。表示目的,故用不定式t ck。
⑺句意:Pahlssn 和他的丈夫在厨房找遍了,检查了每一个角落,但是一无所获。此处是句子的谓语,讲述过去发生的事,故填一般过去时searched。
⑻句意:Pahlssn 和她的丈夫现在认为这个戒指很可能被扫到厨房的一堆垃圾里面,被撒在花园里了。get+过去分词,故填swept。
⑼句意:戒指一直在那儿,直到胡萝卜的叶子意外地穿过它长出来。此处是定语从句,先行词是the garden,故填where。
⑽句意:对于Pahlssn 来说,戒指的回归真是一个奇迹。故填a。
【点评】考查语法的综合运用。通过句意和词的搭配,句法结构等判断词性和词形的变化。
82.【答案】resting;a;has been tld/was tld;wh;t prve;educatin;invitatins;in;cmes;certainly
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】
⑴句意:她看起来跟其他女生一样,满脸稚气,活泼可爱。莎拉托马斯在盼望她的新的高等程度考试课程的挑战。但是不像其他的同学那样,16岁的莎拉没有没有在期中假休息。搭配:spend time ding sth花时间做某事。故填resting。
⑵句意:然而,她在纽约当模特一天挣6500美元。mdel是可数名词,故用不定冠词a,表泛指。
⑶句意:有人告诉莎拉说她有可能成为英国的新的超模,在明年可能挣一百万美元。由句意可知Sarah与tell构成被动关系,描述已经发生的事应该用过去式,故填was tld。此处也可以用现在完成时表示对现在造成的影响,故可以用现在完成时have been tld。
⑷句意:她44岁的父亲想让她放弃学业做专职的模特。但和顶级模特一起参加演出的莎拉,想证明她既有有美貌也有智慧。这是一个定语从句,先行词是Sarah,故用wh。
⑸固定搭配:want t d sth想做某事,故填t prve。
⑹句意:她决定继续她的教育。her是形容词性物主代词,后跟形容词,故填educatin。
⑺句意:她已经拒绝了几个请她当主角的邀请,为了把精力集中在她的学习上。several几个,后跟复数名词,故填invitatins。
⑻句意:高中毕业后,她打算在上大学攻读工程或建筑学位前休假一年去当专职模特。搭配:a degree in…………方面的学位。故填in。
⑼句意:莎拉说,"我父亲认为我应该接受这个工作,但是现在,学业是第一位的。主语是schl,故填cmes。
⑽句意:我不想专注于模特,那当然很有趣,但是这种生活方式有点虚无。此处修饰fun,故用副词certainly。
【点评】本题考查语法知识的综合应用。答题时在理解文章意思的基础上紧扣句法词法,弄清词与词之间搭配关系,动车的时态,名词的单复数,介词短语,各种从句等的用法。
83.【答案】in;because;lead;vercming;easier;ways;fr;successful;mst;learned/ learnt
【知识点】语法填空;短文填词
【解析】【分析】(1)in case (that)以免,万一的意思。
(2) because 前后是因果关系,“你没有在学校音乐会上表演是因为别人会嘲笑你”。
(3)lead lead t“导致”。
(4) vercming the key t ding sth“做某事的关键”,vercme this prblem“解决问题”。
(5) easier 说比做要容易,本空应该用比较级
(6) ways 根据下文的解释可知本空指的是帮助你自信的许多办法,途径用ways
(7)fr 在网上寻求建议lk fr“寻找”
(8) successful 根据being可知本空应该用形容词“成功的”
(9)mst 前面提到几种途径,最后总结一句那就是最重要的事情用最高级 the mst imprtant
(10) learned/learnt 根据前面的缩写have,可知本空用learn的过去分词
84.【答案】crwds;frm;laying;the;were used;fairly;it;managed;intrductin;successful
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】
⑴句意:1863年,世界上第一个地铁客站在伦敦开放。它只运行7公里,让人们避开上面的上下班时的拥挤的人群。avid后跟名词,terrible修饰名词,而crwd是可数名词,前面没有冠词,故用复数表示泛指,故填crwds。
⑵短语:t and frm wrk上下班。故填frm。
⑶句意:这个地铁花了三年时间才完工,用一种有趣的方法建的。这包括挖开路面,铺设铁轨然后在它的上面建一个结实的顶。根据and building可知是三个并列的动名词,故填laying。
⑷此处指在地铁的上面,是特指,故填the。
⑸句意:蒸汽机被用来牵引车厢。根据上下文可知指过去的被动,故填were used。
⑹句意:有那么多的烟和噪音,对于乘客们来说肯定是非常的令人不愉快的。此处修饰形容词unpleasant,故用副词fairly。
⑺句意:然而,地铁很快证明是非常成功的,在六个月内,超过2.5万人在每天用地铁。此处指地铁,故填it。
⑻句意:后来,工程师们设法在更深的隧道建铁路,这就是著名的管道运输。此处是句子的谓语,本文全篇都是一般过去时,所以这里也应用一般过去时,故填managed.
⑼句意:随着电动机和电梯的引进这个发展才变得可能。由the可知此处是名词,故填intrductin。
⑽句意:伦敦中心地铁站是这些新的线路中最成功的。由the mst可知用形容词构成最高级,故填successful。
【点评】语法填空是对语法知识的综合应用能力的考查,在答题时注意考虑词的搭配和句法结构,要根据语境判断词的形式。
85.【答案】as;effects;t prcess;are remved;a;wrse;is;eating;careful;which
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】
⑴句意:近来在食品服务行业有一种低脂肪低盐的趋势。这种趋势由医学界作为一种抗心脏病的方式发起的。故填介词 as,作为
⑵句意:这种趋势已经产生了一些意想不到的副作用,如超重和心脏疾病——恰恰是医学界想努力战胜的。side effect副作用。由sme可知此处用名词的复数形式,故填effects。
⑶句意:脂肪和盐是饮食中重要的组成部分。我们需要它们来加工我们所吃的食物来恢复身体的伤害和其它几项身体功能。require sb t d sth要求某人做某事,此处用被动形式sb isrequired t d sth某人被要求做某事。故填 t prcess。
⑷句意:当脂肪和盐被人们从食物中去掉以后,这些食物尝起来好像缺了什么东西。fat and salt与remve之间构成被动关系,故用被动语态,所以填are remved。
⑸句意:因此,人们会吃更多的食物来弥补那些缺少的东西。词组:as a result作为结果;因此。故填a。
⑹句意:更糟糕的是,人们吃的快餐的量就增加了。故填wrse。
⑺句意:餐食物中充满了脂肪和盐。fast fd的意思是“快餐”,表示一类食物,为不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。
⑻句意:通过吃更多的快餐,人们将在饮食中摄入超过需求量的脂肪和盐。by是介词,后跟动词-ing形式表示“通过……方式”,所以填eat的动名词形式。故填eating。
⑼句意:然而,注意不要走极端。be后面应该用形容词做表语,故填careful。
⑽句意:很可能摄入过多的脂肪和盐,那对健康没有好处。由后面的is nt gd fr the health.可知此处需要关联词,通过分析可知这是一个非限制性定语从句,先行词是前文中的have t much f bth“摄入过多的脂肪和盐”,故填which。
【点评】本题考查在语境中根据语法规则对单词进行正确使用。需要考虑动词的时态,名词的单复数以及其它方面的词性和词形的变化。答题时注意上下文所提供的信息。
86.【答案】has been regarded;that;better;a;yu;annyed;cntrl;t get
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章告诉我们压力成为了我们生活中常见的一个词汇,一定范围之内的压力能促进我们的工作,但一旦压力过大,就会给我们的生活带来很多负面的影响。
①has been regarded 考查时态和语态。本句的时间状语是In recent years最近几年以来,该时间状语通常和现在完成时连用,且句子主语stress与动词regard构成被动关系,所以使用现在完成时的被动语态形式has been regarded。
②that 考查强调句型。强调句型的基本结构为It is/was+被强调成分+that/wh+其它成分。其最大的特点是去掉It is/was和that/wh,句子仍然成立。注意强调句型能强调除谓语动词以外的所有的句子成分。本句强调的是句子的主语nly t much stress。
③better 考查固定句式。“the + 比较级, the +比较级”意为“越……就越……“。句意:你承受的压力越来越大,你的表现越来越好。所以本空使用gd的比较级形式better。
④a 考查固定短语。a number f 许多,大量;该短语通常作定语修饰可数名词复数形式,本句中使用a number f修饰可数名词复数形式questins。
⑤yu 考查代词。 句意:例如,你是否感觉到对你的期待的太多了?本句的主语是yu,所以仍然使用宾格yu做介词f的宾语。
⑥annyed 考查形容词。annyed恼怒的,该词是由过去分词转换而来的形容词,通常修饰人。本句中该词和impatient构成并列关系一起和系动词get构成系表结构。
⑦cntrl 考查固定搭配。had better d sth.最好做某事;had better是情态动词,后面要接动词原形。
⑧t get 考查形容词短语。be likely t d sth.可能做某事。句意:如果你生活中的压力超过150,你就非常有可能生病了。
87.【答案】Wndering;what;which;had dne;buying;Befre;frm;hw
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是篇记叙文,作者在无意中发现妈妈在偷偷地帮助困境中的儿童,赞美了妈妈善良无私的美丽品质。
① Wndering 考查现在分词作状语。动词wnder与本句主语I构成主动关系,所以使用现在分词wndering在句中作状语。
在句中作状语。
②what 考查主语从句。此处what引导主语从句,what happened在句中作主语。句意:发生的事情真的让我很惊讶。
③which 考查定语从句。此定语从句的先行词是the refugeecamp,指物,关系代词在定语从句中作介词in的宾语,故用which,in which相当于关系副词where。
④had dne 考查时态。根据上下文可知,"我"被派到妈妈家附近工作,这是过去发生的事情,而妈妈帮助难民是我来这里工作之前就发生的事情,所以使用过去完成时表示过去的过去发生的事情。
5buying 考查动词短语。stp t d sth.停下来去做另外一件事情;stp ding sth.停止做某事。句意:妈妈是担忧如果我发现了这件事情我的反应是什么或者担忧我不再给她买食品杂货吗?根据句意可知使用stp ding sth.。
⑥Befre 考查连词。 befre引导时间状语从句,此处意为“还没来得及……就……”。句意:她还没有来得及反应过来,我就给了她一个大大的拥抱并告诉她这件事情不必对我保密。
⑦frm 考查动词短语。keep a secret frm sb向某人保密。句意:她还没有来得及反应过来,我就紧紧地抱着她并告诉她这件事情不必对我保密。
⑧hw 考查宾语从句。本句中表语从句hw selfless she was做介词by的宾语,因为selfless是形容词,所以使用hw来引导这个从句,用法和感叹句类似。
88.【答案】is lved;recently;caring/careful;t eat;enemies;When/If;fr;its;drve;and
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文讲的是熊猫妈妈和她的孩子的故事。
①句意:大熊猫被全世界的人喜欢。根据句意可知用一般现在时态的被动语态,The giant panda是单数第三人称形式,故填is lved。
②副词修饰动词,故填recently。
③此处是现在分词或形容词作定语,放在名词前面,故填caring/careful。
④句意:甚至不去找吃的东西。此处是动词不定式放在不定代词后面作后置定语,故填t eat。
⑤句意:任何气味都可能吸引自然界的敌人。自然界的敌人不止一个,应该用复数形式,故填enemies。
⑥句意:如果或当它哭的时候,她会前后摇动。故填When/If。
⑦句意:妈妈继续照顾小熊猫两年多。此处表示一段时间,故填fr。
⑧句意:小熊猫不再需要它妈妈的食物。形容词性物主代词修饰名词,故填its。
⑨句意:然后,两年半后妈妈让小熊猫离开。根据句意可知用一般过去时态,故填drve。
⑩句意:现在是她该有一个小宝宝的时间了,同时也是小熊猫该独立的时间了。此处表示并列,是一个并列句,故填and。
89.【答案】and;be made;t create;using;as/when;gradually;wh;develpment;were;with
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本题主要考查词法和句法知识,集中考查了词性转换,并列句,定语从句,状语从句和非谓语动词等语法知识。
①and考查并列连词。这里列举了一些亚洲的国家,他们是并列关系,故填and。
②be made考查固定词组。sth be made f精美的筷子可能非由金或银制成的筷子莫属。…某物由…制成,情态动词后跟动词原形,故填be made。
③t create考查不定式作目的状语。技术娴熟的工人会把各种各样的硬质木材和金属结合起来,以创造出特殊风格的筷子。这里用不定式表目的,故填t create。
④using考查现在分词作伴随状语。人们可能使用大锅煮食物,用树枝把锅移开,use的逻辑主语是peple,两者是主动关系,用现在分词表示伴随状况,故填using。
⑤as/when考查时间状语从句。句意:随着人口的增长,人们开始把食物切成小块,这样可以煮得快一点,这里是时间状语从句,when意为“当……时候”,后跟长动作或短动作,故填as/when。
⑥gradually考查副词。副词修饰动词或形容词,这里修饰动词短语turned int,应该用副词,故填gradually。
⑦wh考查非限制性定语从句。剧中有逗号,说明是非限制性定语从句,先行词是Cnfucius孔子,定语从句缺少主语,且指人,故填wh。
⑧develpment考查词性转换。the+名词+f,意为“……的……”,这里指“筷子的发展”,故填develpment。
⑨were考查时态。根据句意可知,这里指的是刀子因太暴力而不适合在餐桌上使用,believed后跟一个宾语从句,and连接了两个并列的谓语,主语knives是复数,根据时态一致的原则,这里用一般过去时,故填were。
⑩with考查介词。句意:在印度,大部分人还是用传统的吃饭方法--用手拿,with+表示具体工具的名词,故填with。
【点评】语法填空的解题技巧:语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力。我们在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意,有把握的空格可以进行填写。在读懂的基础上,再结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析逐题解答。按题型设计分三种情况:
①纯空格试题的解题技巧
首先分析句子结构,根据所缺成分确定哪类词。然后根据句子意思,确定具体填什么词,或根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词。比如第1空, 5空, 7空和10空,1空考查并列连词,5空考查时间状语从句,7空考查非限制性定语从句,10空考查介词。
②给出了动词的试题解题技巧
首先,判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。若句子没有别的谓语动词或者虽然已有谓语动词,但需填的动词与之是并列关系,所给动词就是谓语动词,若是谓语动词就要考虑时态和语态;若句子有谓语动词则用非谓语动词(动词不定式、现在分词、动名词和过去分词)。比如2空,3空和9空,给的是动词,根据句意可知2空是动词词组,3空是不定式表目的,9空是并列的谓语。
③词汇转换题解题技巧
这类题主要考查名词、形容词和副词。根据所给词在句中所做句子成分确定用哪种形式。比如6空和8空,分别考查动词转换为名词和形容词转换为副词。
90.【答案】is lved;Recently;caring;t eat;enemies;When;fr;its;drve;and
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】①be lved 被爱。根据下文,panda应该是被人们所热爱的。
②recently 最近,副词。根据这句话,rencently在这里应作副词形式。
③careful仔细的,caring有同情心的。根据下文,我们应该用一个形容词来修饰mther,故用care的形容词形式careful或caring。
④find smething t eat找一些东西吃。根据下文,她的妈妈甚至都不会让自己的孩子单独找东西吃。
⑤enemy敌人,其复数形式是enemies。根据下文,任何的残留气味都有可能吸引自然界的敌人过来把他们吃掉。
⑥when 当……时候, if如果。根据下文,当孩子哭的时候,她就会来回反复的摇他。
⑦fr+一段时间。根据下文,the mther继续照顾了孩子两个小时。
⑧its它的,it的形容词性物主代词。根据下文,the panda不再需要他的妈妈给予食物。
⑨drive away赶走。根据下文,the mther会把小熊猫赶走。
⑩and连接两个并列关系的句子,表顺接。根据上下文,It was time fr her t have a new baby和it was als time fr the yung panda t be independent 这两句话是并列关系。
91.【答案】t;believes;him;which;befre;activities;fr;participate;time;up
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文,讲述关于“自愿行动,报答社会”的话题。
(1)考查句型。It is+名词+t d sth,it是形式主语,不定式是真正的主语,填t。
(2)考查主谓一致。主语是:a gd citizen谓语是单数。填believes。
(3)考查代词。句意:他应该服务社区,不是社区服务于他。用he的人称代词的宾格him。
(4)考查定语从句。先行词是ways、,定语从句用in which引导。
(5)考查连词。在你服务他人之前要学会一些技能和经验。填befre。
(6)考查名词复数。activity“活动”,是可数名词,因为lts f所以填复数。
(7)考查动词短语。prepare sb fr sth固定短语“使某人做好…...的准备”。故填fr。
(8)考查动词短语。participate in固定短语“参与”。
(9)考查介词短语。in time f need介词短语“在需要的时候”。
(10)考查动词短语。grw up固定短语”长大,成长“。你会成长为有责任感的好公民。
【点评】本题考点涉及固定句型、主谓一致、代词、定语从句、连词、名词、动词短语以及介词短语等知识点的考查,要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系、首写字母提示或者汉语提示,写出单词的正确形式,综合性强,需要在掌握知识点的同时,准确把握所填词汇的含义和用法。
92.【答案】Because;within /in;he;a;mst;and;it;than
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,由于真正的足球容易变形损坏,因此Tim Jahnigen发明了一种耐用的新式足球。
(1)考查连词。前一句是球变瘪的原因,“他们用于踢球的地方,常常是崎岖的,多石的。”表原因,用because。
(2)考查介词。句意:许多球24内就变瘪了,“在······内”,介词within /in 。
(3)考查代词。指代前面的Tim Jahnigen,a Califrnia businessman, 故用指代男性的he。
(4)考查冠词。足球是由一个特殊的物质制成,名词material是一个可数名词单数,故用表泛指的不定冠词a。
(5)考查副词。前面列举了足球是一种特殊的物质制成,它有······,此处是“最重要的是”,故填mst。
(6)考查连词。The One Wrld Futbl足球不需要打气筒,也不会磨损。中间表并列,故用and。
(7)考查代词。此处指代足球,故用代词it。
(8)考查连词。虽然它的生产成本比一个典型的英式足球更贵,结构“更”。
【点评】本题考点涉及连词、介词、代词、冠词、副词等多个知识点的考查,要求考生在理解细节理的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析推理,写出单词的正确形式。
93.【答案】we;Shuld;a;Others;In;and;nt;What
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文,表达了作者对于朋友之间联系方式的看法。
(1)考查动词。that引导的宾语从句中缺主语。
(2)考查情态动词。此处需一情态动词,shuld“应该”,语气合适;如填must,语气太强;may / can语气太弱。
(3)考查冠词。a相当于each或per。
(4)考查代词。由still,判断答案对应前文thers;此处构成sme…thers…and still thers…关联结构,意为“一些……另一些……还有一些……”。(5)考查介词。include phts r interesting articles in the envelpes把照片或有趣的文章装进信封。
(6)考查连词。and连接write和send两个动词。
(7)考查副词。根据两句话间的逻辑关系确定,此处应为否定。
(8)考查连词。what在主语从句中作主语。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词、情态动词、冠词、代词、介词、连词以及副词等多个知识点的考查,综合性强,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步进行分析推理,写出正确的单词。
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