2025版高考英语一轮总复习考点训练必修第一册Unit4NaturalDisasters

这是一份2025版高考英语一轮总复习考点训练必修第一册Unit4NaturalDisasters，共10页。试卷主要包含了shck vt，bury vt，suffer vt，survive vi，calm vt，n hand现有，sweep vt，strike vt等内容，欢迎下载使用。
佳句背诵
(2021·天津卷，征文投稿)Affected by thse selfless dctrs, I have develped a deep affectin fr the career.
在这些无私的医生的影响下，我喜欢上了这个职业。
归纳拓展
(1)be affected by受……的影响；被……感动
be affected with感染……疾病
(2)effect n．影响；结果；效果
have an effect/influence n/upn对……产生影响
take effect起作用；产生效果
cme int effect开始实施
side effect副作用
(3)effective adj.有效的
多维训练
单句语法填空
①(2023·全国甲卷)Putting electric fencing arund chicken huses and ther farm animal quarters is als highly effective (effect)at getting grizzlies away.
写作运用提能
②(2020·浙江卷，应用文写作)得知你由于感染了重病而回爱尔兰，我非常抱歉。
Learning that yu have returned t Ireland because yu are affected with a serius/severe illness ，I am terribly srry abut it.
③(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷，应用文写作)总的来说，英文报Yuth对我有巨大的影响。我经常被报纸中数不清的感人故事深深感动。
In summary, the English newspaper Yuth affects me greatly/has a great effect n me . I am ften deeply affected by cuntless mving stries in the newspaper.
2.shck vt.(使)震惊 n．休克；震惊；令人震惊的事
佳句背诵
If yu are travelling where the custms are ttally different frm yur wn, yu may feel a cultural shck.
如果你旅行的地方的风俗与你自己的完全不同，你可能会感到文化冲击。
归纳拓展
(1)be a shck t...对……而言是一件震惊的事
in shck吃惊地，震惊地
(2)shcked adj.感到震惊的
be shcked at sth./that...对……感到震惊
be shcked t d sth.因做某事而感到震惊
(3)shcking adj.令人震惊的
多维训练
单句语法填空
①Lking at the huse which lay in ruins in shck, he called 911 immediately t rescue the injured peple wh were trapped.
②All f us were shcked at the shcking news that many deaths had been caused by the muntain fire.(shck)
③I was shcked t hear (hear) the news that his car gt crashed the ther day seriusly.The news was a shck t us.
一句多译提能
④(2020·浙江，读后续写)The bear tre a hle in the fence and put his head in.Elli and I were shcked.
→The bear tre a hle in the fence and put his head in, which shcked Elli and me/which made Elli and me shcked .(用which引导的非限制性定语从句改写)
→ What shcked Elli and me was that the bear tre a hle in the fence and put his head in .(用what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句改写)
3.bury vt.埋葬；安葬；掩埋；隐藏
佳句背诵
With s many peple buried under the ruins, nne f the rescue wrkers wuld stp t have a rest.
由于有这么多人被埋在废墟下，没有一个救援人员会停下来休息。
归纳拓展
bury sth. in...把某物埋在……
bury ne's face in hands双手掩面
bury ne's srrw in wine借酒消愁
bury neself in＝be buried in埋头于，专心于
多维训练
一句多译夯基
①He wept sadly and he buried his face in his hands.(读后续写之动作描写)
→He wept sadly, burying his face in his hands .(用ding作状语改写)
→He wept sadly, with his face buried in his hands .(用with的复合结构改写)
→He wept sadly, his face buried in his hands .(用独立主格改写)
写作运用提能
②(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷，应用文写作)我每天专心读英文报并获得了丰富多彩的知识。
I bury myself in/am buried in reading the English newspaper every day and I have gained lts f clrful knwledge.
→ Buried in reading the English newspaper every day ，I have gained lts f clrful knwledge.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
4.suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦
佳句背诵
The smiles n their faces have deeply tuched me and inspired me t devte my life t helping thse suffering pains.
他们脸上的笑容深深打动了我，激励我致力于去帮助那些遭受痛苦的人。
归纳拓展
(1)suffer frm遭受……折磨；患……病
suffer frm cld and hunger饥寒交迫
suffer pain/defeat/lss/pverty/hunger/hardship遭受痛苦/失败/损失/贫穷/饥饿/苦难
(2)suffering n．[U](指肉体或精神上遭受的)痛苦/疼痛/困难；[C]痛苦；苦恼的事
sufferer n．患病者；受苦者；受难者
多维训练
单句语法填空
①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) The prject is als being used t help patients suffering (suffer)frm dementia(痴呆), a serius illness f the mind.
②Peple f the disaster area suffered a lt frm the typhn, and water supplies and electricity were hard t get.
写作运用提能
③生活中总有一些起起伏伏，但是正是苦难让我们更加坚强。(读后续写之升华句)(强调句)
There are always sme ups and dwns in ur lives, but it is the suffering that makes us strnger .
5.effrt n．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
佳句背诵
As we all knw, withut effrts nthing can be achieved.
众所周知，不努力则一事无成
归纳拓展
make an/every effrt t d sth.努力做某事
spare n effrt/effrts t d sth.不遗余力地做某事
be wrth the effrt努力是值得的
多维训练
单句语法填空
①(2022·全国乙卷)Drinks nw cntain 45 millin fewer kils f sugar as a result f manufacturers' effrts t avid (avid) the charge, accrding t Treasury figures.
②(2022·全国甲卷) With the effrts made (make) by bth sides, we began t understand each ther better.
写作运用提能
③让我们现在就开始，每一分钟都不遗余力地做好点滴。
Let's start right nw and spare n effrt t d a little bit every minute.
6.survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸免；幸存；艰难度过；生还；比……活得长
佳句背诵
(2021·全国甲卷)The Xi'an City Wall is the mst cmplete city wall that has survived China's lng histry.(英译汉)
西安城墙是中国漫长历史中所留下来的最完整的城墙。
归纳拓展
(1)survive n靠……存活下来
survive sth.幸免于；从……中活过来
A survive B(by＋时间) A比B活得长(……)
(2)survivr n．幸存者
survival n．幸存；生还
多维训练
单句语法填空
①We will d everything in ur pwer t help thse survivrs (survive) in the trnad.
②(牛津高阶)His nly chance f survival (survive) was a heart transplant.
③(浙江卷)Baptiste Dubanchet is biking acrss Eurpe, surviving entirely n discarded(丢弃的) fd.
④Althugh the ld lady suffered frm a serius illness, she still survived her husband by 5 years.
写作运用提能
⑤生活不在于如何从暴风雨中幸存，而在于学会在雨中翩翩起舞。(读后续写之升华句)
Life isn't abut hw t survive the strm ；it's abut learning t dance in the rain.
⑥(2022·全国甲卷) 没有海洋，任何生物都无法生存，包括人类。
Withut the ceans, n living things wuld survive, humans included/including humans .
7.calm vt.使平静；使镇静 adj.冷静的；平静的
佳句背诵
(牛津高阶)It's imprtant t keep/remain/stay calm in an emergency.
情况紧急的时候，保持镇静是重要的。
归纳拓展
(1)calm sb./neself dwn让某人/自己冷静下来
calm ne's nerves镇定神经
calm the pain减轻痛苦
(2)be/stay/keep/remain calm保持镇静
(3)calmly adv.平静地；冷静地
calmness n．镇静
易混辨析
多维训练
选词填空夯基
①当面对危险时，要保持冷静；照相时，要保持不动；其他人睡觉时，要保持安静；而在课上，不应该对老师的问题保持沉默。
When facing danger, ne shuld keep calm ；when taken phts, ne shuld keep still ；when smene else is asleep, ne shuld keep quiet ；in class, ne shuldn't keep silent abut the teacher's questins.
完成句子提能
②他深深地吸了几口气，使自己平静下来。
He tk a few deep breaths t calm himself dwn .
8.n hand现有(尤指帮助)
佳句背诵
(朗文当代)Our staff are always n hand t help.
我们的工作人员随时准备提供帮助。
归纳拓展
(1)in hand 在手头；可供使用
at hand在手边；即将到来
by hand手工；靠人工
hand in hand手拉手；密切关联
with ne's hands用自己的双手
give/lend sb.a hand帮助某人
n the ne the ther hand...一方面……另一方面……
(2)hand in上交；呈交
hand ut分发
hand ver移交
多维训练
用hand短语填空夯基
① On the ne hand they'd lve t have kids, but n the ther hand they dn't want t give up their freedm.
②The neighburs are always willing t lend a hand .
③Help was at hand .
④The fabric was painted by hand .
⑤Pverty and pr health ften g hand in hand .
⑥The emergency services were n hand with medical advice.
⑦(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)When I handed in the essay t my teacher, he read it, laughed ut lud, and said, “Great.Nw, write it again.”
写作运用提能
⑧(北京卷书面表达)在出发去农场的路上，老师强调了亲力亲为的重要性。
On the way t the farm, ur teacher stressed the imprtance f wrking with ur wn hands .
9.sweep vt.& vi.(swept，swept)打扫；清扫
佳句背诵
The students were sweeping up when I entered the classrm.(应用文写作之学校生活)
当我走进教室的时候，学生们正在打扫卫生。
归纳拓展
sweep away消灭；完全打消
sweep up打扫；清扫
sweep aside清理掉；肃清；漠视；置之不理
sweep thrugh掠过(某地)；蔓延
多维训练
单句语法填空
①(2022·全国甲卷)Shirley Fitzgerald, the city's fficial histrian, tld me that in its rush t mdernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much f its past, including many f its finest buildings.
②(2020·浙江卷)I hpe my gd news fr yu will sweep away the shadw f disease.
③(牛津高阶)Rumurs swept thrugh/with the twn.
10.strike vt.& vi.(struck, struck/stricken)击打；罢工；(时钟等)敲响；擦(火柴)；撞击；侵袭；给(某人以……)印象；突然想起 n．罢工；罢课；袭击
佳句背诵
What struck me mst was the enthusiasm f the lcal peple.
给我印象最深的是当地人的热情。
归纳拓展
(1)be struck with/by被……所袭击(感动)
It strikes/struck sb. that...某人觉得……；某人突然想起……
sth.strike(s)/struck sb.某人想到……
strike fear/terrr int ne's heart 使某人感到害怕/恐惧
(2)be n strike在罢工
g n strike举行罢工
(3)stricken adj.受灾的，患病的，受苦的
striking adj. 惊人的，显著的，引人注目的
名师点津
表示“突然想起”的表示还有：
It hits/hit
It ccurs/ccurred t
多维训练
单句语法填空
①The wrkers are cming ut n strike fr higher wages, which is a shck t the gvernment.
写作运用提能
②被他为我所做的事情所感动，我不能自已，感激的泪水顺着脸颊流下来。(读后续写之心理描写)
Because I was struck/with by what he had dne fr me，I culdn't cntain myself, tears f gratitude flwing dwn my cheeks.
→ Struck by what he had dne fr me ，I culdn't cntain myself, tears f gratitude flwing dwn my cheeks.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
③(2021·1月浙江卷，读后续写) 我突然想到我可以通过把我的头塞进南瓜赢得第一名。
It suddenly struck/hit/ccurred t me that I culd win the first place by frcing my head inside the pumpkin.
11.in ruins严重受损；破败不堪
佳句背诵
The whle city lay in ruins after the earthquake, which made us awake all night.(应用文之场景描写)
地震过后，整个城市成了一片废墟，使我们彻夜未眠。
归纳拓展
(1)be/lie in ruins成为废墟；毁灭
fall/cme int ruin成为废墟；毁灭
(2)ruin n．废墟；毁灭 vt.毁灭；使破产
ruin ne's hpe/health毁掉某人的希望/健康
多维训练
单句语法填空
①90 percent f huses lay in ruins after the landslide and helicpters were used t evacuate peple living there.
一句多译提能
②(2020·全国Ⅰ卷，书面表达)The dctr I respect mst buried himself in fighting against the deadly virus day and night and it nearly ruined his health.
→The dctr I respect mst buried himself in fighting against the deadly virus day and night, which nearly ruined his health .(用which引导的非限制性定语从句改写)
→The dctr I respect mst buried himself in fighting against the deadly virus day and night, nearly ruining his health .(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
12.as if/thugh似乎；仿佛；好像
佳句背诵
The kids were very friendly with her and even lked up t her as if she were their wn mther.
孩子们对她很友好，甚至尊敬她，好像她是他们自己的母亲。
归纳拓展
(1)as if相当于as thugh, 意为“似乎，好像”，用在seem, lk等系动词之后引导表语从句。as if/thugh还可引导方式状语从句。
(2)若as if/thugh从句描述非现实情况，则用虚拟语气。
①当从句表示与现在事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用一般过去时(be动词一般用were)；
②当从句表示与过去事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用过去完成时(had＋过去分词)；
③当从句表示与将来事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用wuld/culd/might＋动词原形。
名师点津
若从句描述的情况发生的可能性很大，则不用虚拟语气。
多维训练
单句语法填空
①Listen, the whistle f an ambulance！It seems as if there is (be) an emergency.
②When a pencil is partly put int a cup f water, it lks as if it were (be) brken.
写作运用提能
③(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷，读后续写)大卫坚持跑步，好像他忘记了自己所有的弱点，尽管他在几公里内被绊倒了。
David insisted n running as if he had frgtten all his weaknesses , thugh he was tripped ver within a few kilmeters.
④树林里很黑，似乎每一簇灌木丛后面都有一头凶猛的野兽。她越这样想就越害怕。(读后续写之心理描写)
It is dark in the wds.It seems as if there were a fierce beast behind every bush .The mre she thinks f this, the mre frightened she is.
⑤(2022·浙江1月卷，读后续写)我觉得他对待我就好像我会阻止他，让他在课程中无法获得A。
I felt he treated me as thugh I wuld hld him back and prbably make him fail t get an A in the curse.
13.I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my hme.
我和我的三个孩子正在吃早饭，突然海水开始灌到我家。
佳句背诵
Sme children were sliding n the ice happily when they heard smene crying fr help.(动作描写)
一些孩子正高兴地在冰上滑着，这时他们突然听到有人呼救。
归纳拓展
句中when用作并列连词，意为“这时突然”。when表示“这时突然”之意，还用于以下三种句型：
(1)be abut t 正要做……突然……
(2)be n the pint f 正要做……突然……
(3)had(just) 刚做完……这时突然……
多维训练
单句语法填空
①(2022·全国Ⅱ卷)Henry was fixing (fix)his car when he heard the screams.
写作运用提能
②我们正要离开时，隔壁房间突然发出了巨大的响声。
We were abut t leave/were n the pint f leaving when a big nise came frm the next rm.
③(2023·浙江1月卷)我正站在车旁，这时一只蜂鸟飞到我们群的中央，开始盘旋。
I was standing by the car when a hummingbird flew t the center f ur grup and began hvering.
④我刚刚从着火的房子里逃出来，这时房子塌了。
I had just escaped frm the burning huse when it fell t the grund.calm
平静的，沉着的；指无风浪或人的心情不激动
quiet
宁静的，安静的；指没有声音、不吵闹或心里没有烦恼、焦虑
silent
寂静的，沉默的；指不说话或没有声音
still
静止的，不动的；指(人体等)无运动的