高中英语2024届高考考点讲解与练习（非谓语动词作定语+非谓语动词作状语+非谓语动词作宾语补足语）

这是一份高中英语2024届高考考点讲解与练习（非谓语动词作定语+非谓语动词作状语+非谓语动词作宾语补足语），共4页。试卷主要包含了非谓语动词作定语，非谓语动词作状语，非谓语动词作宾语补足语等内容，欢迎下载使用。

【知识要点】
1、非谓语动词包括四种：-t d不定式，-ing分词，-ed分词和动名词。（重点为前三种）
2、非谓语动词的词性及句法功能
①-t d不定式相当于名词、形容词和副词，可以在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语；
②-ing分词相当于形容词和副词，可以在句子中充当表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语；
③-ed分词相当于形容词和副词，可以在句子中充当表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语；
④动名词相当于名词，可以在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。
3、前三种非谓语动词的形式与意义
① -ing分词的基本意义为：主动或进行，变形有：
进行式：ding
被动式：being dne
完成式：having dne
完成被动式：having been dne
②-t d不定式的基本意义为：主动将来，变形有：
进行式：t be ding
被动式：t be dne
完成式：t have dne
完成被动式：t have been dne
③-ed分词表示被动或完成。
4、非谓语动词作定语
由于三种非谓语动词都具有形容词的性质，所以它们都可以在句子中充当定语，并根据其在被修饰的名词中心词的前后位置，分为前置定语和后置定语两种。
the falling leaves （-ing分词作前置定语，“正在下落的叶子”）
the leaves falling in the sky （-ing分词短语作后置定语，“正在空中下落的叶子 ”）
the cming/fllwing day （-ing分词作前置定语，“第二天 ”）
the day t cme （-t d分词短语作后置定语，“第二天”）
the fallen leaves （-ed分词作前置定语，“已经落地的叶子/落叶”）
the huse burnt t the grund （-ed分词短语作后置定语，“被烧成废墟的房子”）
【练习】单句语法填空
1.Lking at the ______ (fall) leaves in the sky, he knws the fall is cming.
2.Seeing the ______ (fall) leaves n the grund, he decided t d sme sweeping first befre sitting dwn t have a rest.
3.It is said that the building ______ (build) here next year will be cmpleted within ne year.
4.It is said that the building ______ (build) here nw will be cmpleted within ne year.
5.It is said that the building ______ (build) here last year will be rebuilt sn.
6.The gentleman ______ (seat) next t Tm is his best friend.
7.The gentleman ______ (sit) next t Tm is his best friend.
8.The rm was in a mass, with thse ______ (break) furniture.
9.The purely white snw lks like a beautiful blanket ______ (cver) the land.
10.The plice have gt enugh evidence ______ (prve) that he is guilty.
11.Turn t the right and yu will see a wide rad ______ (lead) up t the building.
12.If yu get the first place, yu will win an all expenses ______ (pay) jurney.
13.All the ______ (questin) peple supprted the gvernment’s latest plicy.
14.Yu shuld keep well the bks ______ (brrw) frm the library.
15.Can thse peple ______ (seat) at the back hear me?
二、非谓语动词作状语
【知识要点】
非谓语动词作状语
由于三种非谓语动词都具有副词的性质，所以它们都可以在句子中充当状语。非谓语动词在句中作状语时，可放置在句首、句中或句尾。
①-ing分词作状语
Hearing his mther calling his name, the by ran ut f the rm happily.（时间状语）
The by, hearing his mther calling his name, ran ut f the rm happily.（原因状语）
The by ran ut f the rm happily, hearing his mther calling his name.（原因状语）
He walked alng the rad, singing.（伴随状语）
The hurricane left at last, causing s much damage t the area.（结果状语）
②-ed分词作状语
Seen frm space, the earth lks blue.
Frightened, he culdn’t mve his feet.
③-t d不定式作状语
T catch the early train, we started early.（目的状语）
He studied hard t achieve a gd perfrmance at schl.（目的状语）
We hurried t the statin, nly t be tld that all the tickets had been sld ut.（结果状语）
【练习】单句语法填空。
1.______ (hear) his mther’s vice, the little by ran ut f the dr happily.
2.______ (find) his bicycle lst, the by called the plice at nce.
3.The sentence, ______ (translate) int English, has cmpletely different meaning frm Chinese.
4.______ (give) enugh time, I can finish it by myself.
5.A new bridge ver the river has been built, ______ (make) it easier fr peple t g thrugh.
6.The little by, ______ (curage) by his parents, fught back t his feet, and tried again.
7.______ (bite) by a dg nce, the child will get frightened whenever seeing a dg.
8.The plan, if ______ (carry) ut effectively, will be a big success.
9.The hurricane left at last, ______ (cause) much destructin t the city.
10.______ (tire), the man felt asleep quickly.
11.Suddenly, an wman came t the little by, ______ (say) that she was his mther.
12.They have been wrking fr several hurs, nly ______ (stp) fr a shrt break.
13.He ran in the warm sunlight, ______ (feel) s happy.
14.He was surprised ______ (find) smene was waiting fr him.
15.______ (be) a successful writer, yu shuld d a lt f reading first.
三、非谓语动词作宾语补足语
【知识要点】
非谓语动词作宾语补足语
①高考中考查的宾语补足语，多指在使役动词、感官动词和with的复合结构中的宾语补足语。
②常见常考的使役动词有：have, get, make, let, leave
常见常考的感官动词有：see, hear, find, watch, feel, listen t, ntice, smell, taste
③例句：
He had his sn stand there.
（省略t的不定式作使役动词的宾语补足语，表示“使/让……做某事” ，表示主动意义。)
He had his sn standing there fr an hur.
（-ing分词作使役动词的宾语补足语，表示“使/让……一直做某事”，表示主动意义。此时句中常需要出现时间段。）
He had his bike repaired.
（-ed分词作使役动词的宾语补足语，表示“使/让……被做某事”，表示被动意义。）
We heard her sing.
（省略t的不定式作感官动词的宾语补足语，表示“听到/看到……做某事的全过程，或看到/听到时，此动作已完成”，表示主动意义。）
We heard her singing.
（-ing分词作感官动词的宾语补足语，表示“听到/看到……正在做某事”，表示主动意义。）
We heard smething stlen.
（-ed分词作感官动词的宾语补足语，表示“看到/听到……被做某事”，表示被动意义。）
The ld man takes a walk every day with his dg fllwing him.
（-ing分词作with复合结构中的宾语补足语，表示主动意义。）
The ld man takes a walk every day with his dg tied t his hand.
（-ed分词作with复合机构中的宾语补足语，表示被动意义。）
With much hmewrk t finish, the by culdn’t g t play ftball with his friends.
（-t d不定式作with复合机构中的宾语补足语，表示将来被动意义。）
【练习】单句语法填空。
1.With s much wrk ______ (finish), he had t wrk all day and all night.
2.With s much wrk ______ (finish), he was praised by his manager.
3.Excuse me, sir.I wuld like t have my package ______ (pst).
4.Wait a minute please.I will have smene ______ (shw) yu arund.
5.Wait a minute please.Smene will be had ______ (shw) yu arund.
6.We are surprised t find smene ______ (smke) in the smking-prhibited area.
7.His hard wrk finally gt himself ______ (recgnize) in his field.
8.Watching the flag ______ (rise) up int the sky, I feel s prud.
9.Again and again, they kept the children ______ (remind) f safety.
10.With s many beautiful flwers ______ (cver) the land, it lks s clrful.
11.Trying t find any pprtunity t hear English ______ (speak) is a gd way t learn it well.
12.He left withut saying any wrd, making thers ______ (satisfy).
13.Finally the tw travelers fund themselves ______ (lse) in the frest.
14.Feeling himself ______ (cheat), the man shuted ut angrily.
15.With s much nise ______ (g) utside, I can’t fcus n my hmewrk.
【答案】
一、
1.falling 2.fallen 3.t be built 4.being built 5.built
6.seated 7.sitting 8.brken 9.cvering 10.prving
11.leading 12.paid 13.questined 14.brrwed
15.seated
二、
1.Hearing 2.Finding 3.translated 4.Given 5.making
6.encuraged 7.Bitten 8.carried 9.having caused
10.Tired 11.saying 12.stpping 13.feeling 14.t find
15.T be
三、
1.t finish 2.finished 3.psted 4.shw 5.t shw
6.smking 7.recgnized 8.rising 9.reminded
10.cvering 11.spken 12.unsatisfied 13.lst
14.cheated 15.Ging