英语选择性必修 第一册Lesson 3 The Road to Destruction达标测试

这是一份英语选择性必修 第一册Lesson 3 The Road to Destruction达标测试，共8页。

Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The heavy rain has brught great ________(破坏) t the rads in this area.
2．The car gt ________(卡住) in the mud and was unable t mve.
3．Betty was much ________(烦恼的) t hear that she had failed in the exam.
4．When he heard the rumurs，________(怒气) filled him up.
5．In the last tw ________(十年)，a lt f factries have been shut dwn in ur city.
【答案】1.destructin 2.stuck 3.annyed
4．anger 5.decades
Ⅱ.请将下列词组翻译成汉语
1．困在……________________
2．比较________________
3．与……有关联________________
4．放弃________________
5．焦虑的________________
6．上升________________
7．……的数量/数目________________
8．找借口________________
9．采取行动________________
10．沉溺于________________
【答案】1.get stuck in... 2.cmpare t
3．be related t... 4.give up 5.stressed ut
6．g up 7.the number f...
8．make an excuse 9.take actin
10．be addicted t
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．________(cmpare) t their huse，my flat seems t be a palace.
2．Rice prductin has increased ________ 5% this year cmpared t that f last year.
3．________(be) frank，I think yur sn has little chance f passing the exam.
4．It is nt right fr yung students t be addicted t ________(play) cmputer games.
5．Mrs Brwn des almst all the husewrk ________ her husband des nthing f it at all.
6．My difficulty is ________ I really dn’t knw hw t cmmunicate with her.
7．These nises are quite ________(anny) as they keep us awake all night lng.
8．I just dn’t knw why she ften returns hme ________(stress) ut.
【答案】1.Cmpared 2.by 3.T be
4．playing 5.while 6.that
7．annying 8.stressed
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．________________ d yu make phne calls t yur parents?
你多久给父母打一次电话？
2．The little by ________________ fr his being late.
这个孩子为自己迟到找了一个借口。
3．Walking can help t ________________．
走路可以让你保持健康。
4．________________，I take n interest in films.
说实话，我对电影不感兴趣。
5．Lk，the by ________________ the stry.
瞧，这个孩子对这个故事着迷了。
6．Hw ften d we arrive at wrk r schl，stressed ut，________________？
我们过多久就会有一次带着压力、疲惫和愤怒的心情去上班或上学？
7．But the prblem is ________ the number f cars is still ging up.
但问题是，汽车的数量仍在增加。
【答案】1.Hw ften 2.made an excuse
3．keep yu fit 4.T be frank
5．is addicted t 6.tired and angry 7.that
提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2023广东清远四校联考)Our Earth’s ceans cntain sme f the mst valuable resurces.As the use f fssil fuels and greenhuse gas emissins began t rise in ppularity，the plluting f the Earth’s ceans did as well，leaving lifelng effects n all f its ecsystems.
Cmmercial whaling has left several whale species in danger f extinctin.The blue whales f the Antarctic have less than ne percent f their riginal numbers.Over 90 percent f plastic isn’t recycled，and a large part f that number finds its way int the cean and surrunding beaches.The huge amunt f plastic damages whales’ existence.Plastic is being eaten by sea life as well as entangling(缠住) them，putting them all at majr risk.Withut change，ur Earth’s ceans will nt be able t cntinue n fr much lnger.
The Delta Crpratin was set up in 1972，later knwn as Ocean Cnservancy.In the beginning years f Ocean Cnservancy，its main initiative(倡议) was the Whale Prtectin Fund.This fund fcused n saving the species and prtesting against cmmercial whaling.They gained the supprt f many.
Ten years later，the Internatinal Whaling Cmmissin finally banned cmmercial whaling.It then changed its fcus t nt nly whales but t seals and sea turtles as well.Thugh they made great prgress with these animals，they came t the cnclusin that these animals cannt develp well withut a healthy，sustainable envirnment.The wrkers f Ocean Cnservancy then expanded their fcus t the marine ecsystems and habitats.
Ocean Cnservancy is ne f several rganisatins wrking tward a cmmn gal: saving the Earth’s ceans.They have started ding this by creating the Whale Prtectin mvement that still exists.Thugh they have made significant prgress thrughut the years，there is still much t be dne.Only when the cmmn gal is shared by all grups，gvernments，and individuals，will real changes be made.If successful，the electric bicycle meal prgram will be spread t all Crwne Plaza htels in the UK，the htel said in a statement.
1．What can we knw abut the plastic frm Paragraph 2?
A．Plastic reduces the ppulatin f whales t the least.
B．Mst f plastic ends up in ceans and sandy beaches.
C．Plastic has becme part f the sea animals’ diet.
D．Recycling plastic is still a big challenge.
2．What made Ocean Cnservancy pay attentin t the cean ecsystem?
A．A ban n whaling.
B．Its imprved cncept.
C．Its great achievement.
D．The public supprt.
3．What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A．Quite a few rganisatins have set their wn gals.
B．The days f Whale Prtectin mvement are numbered.
C．Ocean Cnservancy’s wrk isn’t wrth the praise.
D．Saving the ceans is the shared respnsibility f the whle wrld.
4．What can be the best title fr the text?
A．Ocean Cnservancy’s Target and Develpment
B．Ocean Cnservancy’s Cntributin t Oceans’ Prtecting
C．A Slutin t the Oceans’ Plastic Prblems
D．A Step Away frm a Healthy Ecsystem
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要以海洋保护协会(Ocean Cnservancy)为话题，介绍了其从最初的保护鲸鱼到后来成为保护海洋的发展历程和成绩。
1．C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Plastic is being eaten by sea life as well as entangling(缠住) them，putting them all at majr risk.”可知，塑料会被海洋生物吃掉，即海洋生物把塑料当作食物。故选C项。
2．B 细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“Thugh they made great prgress with these animals，they came t the cnclusin that these animals cannt develp well withut a healthy，sustainable envirnment.The wrkers f Ocean Cnservancy then expanded their fcus t the marine ecsystems and habitats.”可知，海洋保护协会认识到健康且可持续的环境才能让动物很好地发展，于是，不再只是关注海洋动物，而是将工作重点扩大到海洋生态系统和栖息地。也就是说，是协会理念的提升和完善让海洋保护协会关注海洋生态系统。故选B项。
3．D 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Only when the cmmn gal is shared by all grups，gvernments，and individuals，will real changes be made.”可知，只有当所有团体、政府和个人共同为“拯救海洋”这一目标而努力时，才会产生真正的有效变化。由此可推知，拯救海洋是全世界的共同责任。故选D项。
4．B 标题归纳题。根据第三段中的“The Delta Crpratin was set up in 1972，later knwn as Ocean Cnservancy.”可知，文章以海洋保护协会为话题介绍其成立的初衷“保护鲸鱼”，后来发展成为“保护海洋生态”的组织的过程以及取得的成绩。B项“Ocean Cnservancy’s Cntributin t Oceans’ Prtecting(海洋保护协会对海洋保护的贡献)”贴合主题，可作标题。故选B项。
Ⅱ.七选五
Yu run int the grcery stre t pick up ne bttle f water.Yu get what yu need，head t the frnt，and chse the line that lks fastest.
Yu chse wrng.Peple wh yu swear gt in ther lines lng after yu are already checked ut and ff t the parking lt.__1__
It turns ut，it’s just math wrking against yu；chances are，the ther line really is faster.
Grcery stres try t have enugh emplyees at checkut t get all their custmers thrugh with minimum delay.__2__ Any small interruptin — a price check，a chatty custmer — can have dwnstream effects，hlding up an entire line.
If there are three lines in the stre，delays will happen randmly at different registers.Think abut the prbability: __3__ S it’s nt just in yur mind: Anther line prbably is mving faster.
Researchers have a gd way t deal with this prblem.Make all custmers stand in ne lng，snaking line — called a serpentine line — and serve each persn at the frnt with the next available register.__4__ This is what they d at mst banks and fast-fd restaurants.With a serpentine line，a lng delay at ne register wn’t unfairly punish the peple wh lined up behind it.Instead，it will slw dwn everyne a little bit but speed up checkut verall.
__5__ It takes many registers t keep ne line mving quickly，and sme stres can’t affrd the space r manpwer.S wherever yur next wait may be: Gd luck.
A．Why des this always seem t happen t yu?
B．S why dn’t mst places encurage serpentine lines?
C．Sme f them may have std in a queue fr almst an hur.
D．The chances f yur line being the fastest are nly ne in three.
E．Hw high is the prbability that yu are in the fastest waiting line?
F．With three registers，this methd is much faster than the traditinal apprach.
G．But smetimes，as n a Sunday afternn，the system gets particularly busy.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了杂货店排队方式以及研究人员提出的蛇形队伍的新方式，并分析了各自的利弊。
1．A 下文“It turns ut，it’s just math wrking against yu；chances are，the ther line really is faster.”解释了上文“Yu chse wrng.”的原因，下文与空格处是因果关系，所以本空应该是对前文提出疑惑。故选A项。
2．G 上文“Grcery stres try t have enugh emplyees at checkut t get all their custmers thrugh with minimum delay.”解释了杂货店之前的工作模式，下文“Any small interruptin — a price check，a chatty custmer－can have dwnstream effects，hlding up an entire line.”描述了杂货店的特殊情况，故本空应该填出现特殊情况的原因。故选G项。
3．D 根据上文“If there are three lines in the stre，delays will happen randmly at different registers.”联系下文“S it’s nt just in yur mind: Anther line prbably is mving faster.”可知，本空说的是任何一个队伍都有可能出现问题。你的队伍跑得最快的概率只有三分之一。故选D项。
4．F 根据上文“Researchers have a gd way t deal with this prblem.”以及下文“This is what they d at mst banks and fast-fd restaurants.With a serpentine line，a lng delay at ne register wn’t unfairly punish the peple wh lined up behind it.Instead，it will slw dwn everyne a little bit but speed up checkut verall.”说明这个新方案迅速有效，联系上下文可知，空格中应该是与旧的结账方案作比较。故选F项。
5．B 结合下文“It takes many registers t keep ne line mving quickly，and sme stres can’t affrd the space r manpwer.”说明了一个原因，由此可知，空格处提出了一个问题；通过“It takes many registers t keep ne line mving quickly.”可知，这里描述的是不鼓励蛇形队伍的原因。故选B项。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Kim Cbb，a prfessr at the Gergia Institute f Technlgy in Atlanta，is ne f a small but grwing minrity f academics 1.________ are cutting back n their air travel because f climate change.Travelling t cnferences，lectures，wrkshps，and the like — frequently by plane — 2.________(view) as imprtant fr scientists t get tgether and exchange infrmatin.But Cbb and thers 3.________(be)nw questining that idea — pushing cnferences t prvide mre chances t participate remtely，and 4.________(change)their persnal behaviur t d their part in dealing with the climate change crisis.On a website called NFlyClimateSci，fr example，5.________(rugh) 200 academics — many f the climate scientists 6.________(prmise) t fly as little as pssible since the effrt started tw years ag.
Cbb，7.________ her party，started t ask cnference rganisers wh invited her t speak whether she culd d s remtely；abut three-quarters f 8.________ time，they agreed.When the answer was n，she declined the 9.________(invite).That apprach brught Cbb’s air travel last year dwn by 75%，and she plans 10.________(cntinue)the practice.“It has been fairly rewarding，” she says，“a really psitive change.”
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一位美国教授为了应对气候变化，积极减少学术活动中的飞机旅行。
1．wh/that 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，本句为定语从句，从句中缺少主语，指人，应用关系代词。故填that/wh。
2．is viewed/has been viewed 考查被动语态和主谓一致。此处是在描述人们普遍认知的事情，故用一般现在时，也可以是强调人们从过去到现在的认知，主语“ the like”与谓语动词(view)之间存在被动关系。故填is viewed/has been viewed。
3．are 考查时态和主谓一致。结合上下文内容，尤其是本句中的时间状语nw和空后的questining可知，此处应该用现在进行时，且主语“Cbb and thers”为复数，因此be动词用are。故填are。
4．changing 考查动词的-ing形式。分析句子结构可知，此处的连词and连接并列动词pushing和change，空处应用动词的-ing形式。故填changing。
5．rughly 考查副词。分析句子成分可知，空格处需用副词rughly修饰数词，表示“粗略地，大约”之意。故填rughly。
6．have prmised 考查时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“since the effrt started tw years ag”可知，主句应使用现在完成时。故填have prmised。
7．fr 考查介词。“fr her party”在此处意为“对于她的出席”。故填fr。
8．the 考查冠词。此处的“大约四分之三的时间”为特指，应用定冠词。故填the。
9．invitatin 考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空格处需用名词作动词declined的宾语。故填invitatin。
10．t cntinue 考查动词不定式。plan t d sth意为“计划做某事”，为固定搭配。故填t cntinue。