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人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 5 Music教课ppt课件
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这是一份人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 5 Music教课ppt课件，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了课前·基础认知，课堂·重难突破，随 堂 训 练，conquering，incapable，offrom ，Absorbed ，into，forat ，aimed 等内容，欢迎下载使用。
词汇认知重点单词1. capable adj.有能力的;有才能的 2. relief n.(焦虑、痛苦的)减轻或消除;(不快过后的)宽慰、轻松或解脱 3. cure vt.治愈;治好(疾病);解决(问题) n.药物;治疗;(解决问题、改善糟糕情况的)措施 4. previus adj.先前的;以往的 5. rmantic adj. 浪漫的 n.浪漫的人
6.album n. 相册;集邮簿;音乐专辑 7. impact n.巨大影响;强大作用;冲击力 8. aim n.目的;目标 vi.& vt.力求达到;力争做到;瞄准 vt.目的是;旨在
词汇拓展1.gradual adj.逐渐的;渐进的→ gradually adv.逐步地;逐渐地 2.unemplyed adj.失业的;待业的→ emplyed adj.被雇用的→ emply vt.使用;雇用→ emplyee n.雇员 → emplyer n.雇主;老板 重点短语absrbed in sth/sb 被……吸引住;专心致志
语法图解过去分词的用法(2)
探究发现阅读下列句子,注意句中的画线部分1.Frm his expressin,I culd tell that he was in the USA n 2 January 1970,Whitacre began studying music at the University f Nevada in 1988. 3.Mved by this music,he said,“It was like seeing clur fr the first time.” 4.Inspired,he asked his fans t make vides,which he then jined tgether int ne perfrmance.
在第一个例句中,过去分词puzzled在句中做 表语 ;而在后面三个例句中均含有一个过去分词或过去分词短语,它们在句中充当 状语 ,分别表示 时间 、 原因 、 方式 。
词汇精讲1.【教材原文】Thugh he was affected by gradual blindness sn after the perfrmance,Henry was still capable f writing cmpsitins and he fund that creating music was a relief and cure fr his illness.(page 54)尽管演出后不久亨利就逐渐失明,但他仍有能力作曲,并且他发现创作音乐是一种对他疾病的缓解和治疗。
考点一capable adj.有能力的;有才能的be capable f sth/ding sth 有能力做某事(=be able t d sth);能胜任某事(=be fit fr sth)capability n.能力;才能lse the capability t d sth/f ding sth 丧失做某事的能力capably adv.有能力地incapable adj.没有能力的;不能胜任的be incapable f sth/ding sth 没有能力做某事(=be unable t d sth)
易混辨析capable,able capable指具有接受、适应等能力,强调足以胜任某事,常用于be capable f结构中,其主语可以是人或物 able指具有明显地超出平均水平的能力,常用于be able t d结构中,主语通常是人
语境领悟(1)If used prperly,the rbt is capable f taking gd care f the elderly and the sick.如果使用得当,机器人能够照顾好老人和病人。(2)I was brn t have the capability t cnduct peple,and therefre my strength lies in rganising.我天生就拥有指挥他人的能力,因此,我的长处就是组织能力。(3)The yung child seemed incapable f understanding the basic cde.这个孩子似乎无法理解这些基本代码的意思。
考点二relief n.(焦虑、痛苦的)减轻或消除;(不快过后的)宽慰、轻松或解脱in relief如释重负t ne's relief 使某人宽慰的是a relief f/frm... ……的减轻/消除/缓和It is a relief t... ……是一件让人欣慰/轻松的事。relieve vt.减轻;缓和;缓解relieve sb f sth 帮助某人减轻负担
语境领悟(1)When he heard he had passed the examinatin,he smiled in relief.当他听到他通过了考试的时候,他如释重负地笑了。(2)T ur great relief,the children all arrived hme safely.孩子们都安全到家了,我们大大地松了口气。(3)We shuld prvide relief fr refugees.我们应该为难民提供救济品。(4)It was a great relief t find that my family were all safe.发现我的家人都安然无恙,我感到了极大的欣慰。
考点三cure vt.治愈;治好(疾病);解决(问题)n.药物;治疗;(解决问题、改善糟糕情况的)措施a cure fr... 针对……的治疗(法)cure sb/a disease治疗好某人/治疗疾病cure sb f...治愈某人的疾病/改掉某人的恶习等curable adj.可治愈的incurable adj.不可治愈的
易混辨析treat,cure treat“治疗”,通常强调过程,指对病人进行诊断和治疗,但不含“治好”的意思,常用于“treat sb fr sth”结构中 cure“治好,治愈”,通常强调结果,指治愈某种疾病或某人的疾病,常用于“cure sb f sth”结构中
语境领悟(1)A cure fr this disease is nt yet t be fund.迄今还没有发现有治愈此种疾病的办法。(2)A few days' rest will cure yu.休息几天你的病就好了。(3)Mum says a glass f warm milk befre ging t bed can cure yu f insmnia.妈妈说睡前一杯热牛奶能治疗失眠症。(4)Nthing culd cure her f her impatience with Anna.她就是改不了对安娜的不耐烦态度。
学以致用单句语法填空(1)With the develpment f science and technlgy,man has becme mre capable f ____________ (cnquer) nature. (2)I'm afraid I can't help yu ut,fr it is quite beynd my ____________(capable). (3)He was fund lying in the rad,drunk and ____________ (capable).
capability
(4)News f their safety came as ____________great relief t all f us. (5)Dn't wrry.Let me relieve yu ____________sme f yur bags. (6)____________ my relief,the stranger I met spke very fluent English.
2.【教材原文】When he gt absrbed in his wrld f music,he felt as if he culd “see” the beauty f the wrld arund him,like he had in his previus life.(page 54)当他沉浸在音乐的世界里时,他觉得自己仿佛能“看到”周围世界的美,就像他以前(所看到的)一样。
考点一absrb vt.吸收;吸引;承受;理解把……吸进/并入……absrb ne's attentin 吸引某人的注意absrb neself in ding...全神贯注……absrbed adj.全神贯注的be/get absrbed in (ding) sth/sb 被……吸引住;专心致志absrptin n.吸收;并入;着迷
名师点津be absrbed in (ding) sth结构在句中做状语、定语时,常用absrb的过去分词形式。类似的结构还有: ①be lst in... 陷入……;专心致志于…… ②be caught in...被困在…… ③be buried in...埋头于…… ④be devted t...致力于……;专心于……
语境领悟(1)The big cmpany has gradually absrbed these small cmpanies int its wn rganisatin.这家大公司渐渐把这些小公司吞并了。(2)I was s absrbed in this bk that I didn't hear yu cme in.我看这本书太入神了,连你进来也没听见。(3)Absrbed in his wrk,Tm simply frgt fd and sleep.汤姆专心于工作,几乎忘记了吃饭和睡觉。
考点二previus adj.先前的;以往的previus t 在……之前previusly adv.之前;以前语境领悟(1)N previus experience is necessary fr this jb.这一工作无须相关经验。(2)Previus t this,she'd always been well.在这之前,她身体一直很好。(3)I had visited them three days previusly.我之前曾经探访过他们三天。
学以致用单句语法填空(1)The building had ____________(previus) been used as a htel. (2)What ther jbs had yu dne previus ____________ the present ne? (3) ____________(absrb) in painting,Jhn didn't ntice evening appraching. (4)Everyne ____________(absrb) in the beautiful scenery then.
was absrbed
(5)Our cuntryside is increasingly being absrbed ____________ the large cities.
3.【教材原文】____________(fill with) team spirit,they act as a whle,always aiming fr glry.(page 54) (充满)团队精神,他们行动一致,始终追求荣誉。考点aim n.目的;目标 vi.& vt.力求达到;力争做到;瞄准 vt.目的是;旨在take aim at瞄准……achieve ne's aim 达到目的with the aim f伴随着……的目的aim at/fr...努力取得……;瞄准……aim at ding=aim t d力求达到……;力争做到……be aimed at (ding) aimed t d...目的是……
语境领悟(1)Teamwrk is required in rder t achieve these aims.完成这些目标需要团队合作。(2)She went t Shanghai with the aim f finding a jb.她去上海是为了找工作。(3)These measures are aimed at preventing vilent crime.这些措施旨在防止暴力犯罪。
学以致用单句语法填空(1)Our factry must aim at ____________(increase) prductin. (2)Tm is aiming ____________a schlarship f his cllege.(3)The bk is ____________(aim) at very yung children under six.
increasing
同义句转换(4)This measure aims at reducing the traffic accident.→This measure is taken_______ _______ _______ _______ reducing the traffic accident.
with the aim f
语法精析过去分词的用法(2)一、过去分词做表语1.过去分词做表语的含义过去分词做表语,通常表示主语所处的状态,且做表语的过去分词多来自及物动词。在主系表结构中,系动词除了be动词外,还有seem,lk,g,becme,remain,stay等。
I'm pleased with the result f the exam.我对考试结果很满意。 He seemed interested in English.他好像对英语感兴趣。 但也应注意,少数不及物动词(如g,cme,set等)的过去分词也可做表语,这时其过去分词并不表示“被动”,而表示“完成”。 He was gne befre I arrived.我来之前他就走了。
2.过去分词与动词-ing形式做表语的区别
这类常见的动词有surprise,astnish,amaze,mve,wrry, interest,inspire,encurage等。We are all excited at the exciting news.听到这个令人激动的消息,我们都很激动。
3.过去分词做表语与被动语态的区别过去分词做表语时,强调主语所处的状态;动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,强调动作。 The cup is brken.杯子破了。(强调杯子的状态) The cup was brken by Jim.杯子是吉姆打破的。(强调动作)
二、过去分词做状语1.过去分词做状语的功能过去分词做状语,修饰谓语动词,进一步说明谓语动词动作发生时的背景或状况,可以表示时间、原因、条件、结果、伴随、方式等。过去分词前面可以带when,while,if,unless,thugh等。Greatly inspired by the teacher's wrds,I have made up my mind t study English even harder.老师的话给了我很大启发,我决心更加努力地学习英语。If heated,ice can be changed int water.冰加热时变成水。
2.过去分词做状语的位置过去分词做条件、原因及时间状语时,通常放在句首;做伴随、结果状语时,通常放在句末;做方式状语时,一般放在句末,有时也放在句首;做让步状语时,一般放在句首,有时也放在句末。Grwn in rich sil,these seeds can grw fast.如果在肥沃的土壤里,这些种子能长得很快。(过去分词表示条件) The trainer appeared,fllwed by six little dgs.训练员出现了,后面跟着六条小狗。(过去分词表示伴随)
Althugh built thirty years ag,the huse lks very beautiful.尽管这座房子是30年前建造的,它看起来依然很漂亮。(过去分词表示让步)
3.过去分词或过去分词短语和状语从句的变换过去分词或过去分词短语在句中做状语,可以表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随或让步等。过去分词短语做状语时,可以根据意义需要,在分词前添加nce,when,while,if,even if,thugh 等适当的词组和主语,并加be动词的适当形式,从而转换成相应意义的状语从句。
(1)做时间状语:过去分词做时间状语,相当于一个时间状语从句。也可在过去分词前加上连词when,while,until等,使其时间意义更明确。Seen frm the tp f the hill,the city lks mre beautiful.=When it is seen frm the tp f the hill,the city lks mre beautiful.从山顶上看,这座城市显得更漂亮。
(2)做原因状语:过去分词做原因状语,相当于一个原因状语从句。Written in a hurry,this article was nt s gd.=Because it was written in a hurry,this article was nt s gd.因为写得匆忙,这篇文章不是很好。
(3)做条件状语:可用在连词if,unless 之后,相当于一个条件状语从句。Given mre time,we culd d it much better.=If we were given mre time,we culd d it much better.多给我们点时间,我们会做得更好。
(4)做让步状语:有时可用在althugh,thugh,even if/thugh, 等连词之后,相当于让步状语从句。Thugh warned f the strm,the farmers were still wrking in the fields.=Thugh they had been warned f the strm,the farmers were still wrking in the fields.虽然农民们已被警告将有风暴,但他们仍然在地里干活。
4.过去分词与动词-ing形式做状语的区别
Seen at a distance,the painting seems much mre beautiful.从远处看,这幅画似乎要漂亮得多。(see与句子的主语是逻辑上的动宾关系)Seeing frm the hill,yu will find the city lks like a big garden.从山上看,你会发现这座城市就像一个大花园。(see与句子的主语yu之间是逻辑上的主谓关系)
Nt knwing hw t wrk ut the difficult physics prblem, he asked the teacher fr help.由于不知道如何解这道物理难题,他向老师求助。(knw与句子的主语是逻辑上的主谓关系)Used fr a lng time,the bk lks ld.(动宾关系)由于用了很长时间,这本书看上去陈旧。Using the bk,I find it very useful.(主谓关系)在使用这本书时,我发现它很有用。
名师点津分词做状语记忆口诀 分词做状语,主语是问题。 前后两动作,共用一主语。 主语找出后,再来判关系。 主动用ing,被动用ed。
5.过去分词做状语和独立主格结构过去分词做状语时,其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语,且与主语之间是动宾关系,即被动关系。如果句中过去分词的逻辑主语不是句子的主语,这时必须在过去分词前加上主格的逻辑主语,构成独立主格结构。Seen in the dark night,lights n tp f tall buildings lk like stars in the sky.夜里看时,高楼楼顶的灯像是天空中的星星。(seen表示被动,其逻辑主语就是lights,分词的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生)
Everything taken int cnsideratin,the party was a success.将所有的事情考虑在内,晚会算是成功的。(taken的逻辑主语不是the party,所以添加everything)
6.“连词+过去分词”结构做状语过去分词做状语时,可在分词之前加某些连词,以表示强调。常用的有if,unless,when,nce,until,thugh/althugh,even if/even thugh,as,as if等。此结构实际是状语从句的省略形式。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致,且状语从句的谓语动词是被动式时,可省略从句的主语和be动词。Water can be changed int vapur when (it is) heated.水受热时可以变成蒸汽。There is n pint arguing abut it,just d as (yu are) tld.争论这件事没有意义,照吩咐去做就行了。
即学即练单句语法填空(1)Ordinary sap,__________(use) crrectly,can deal with bacteria effectively. 答案:used (2)I became __________(interest) in playing ftball thanks t a small accident. 答案:interested
(3)One was that I was __________ (amaze) at the fact that a sick persn culd feel much better after seeing a dctr. 答案:amazed (4)Nervusly __________(face) challenges,I knw I will whisper t myself the tw simple wrds “Be yurself”. 答案:facing (5)Ladies and gentlemen,please remain __________(seat) until the plane has cme t a cmplete stp. 答案:seated
(6)__________(give) the right kind f training,these teenage sccer players may ne day grw int internatinal stars. 答案:Given (7)__________ (rder) ver a week ag,the bks are expected t arrive any time nw. 答案:Ordered (8)I felt greatly __________(hnur) when he picked me as his successr. 答案:hnured
(9)Thugh __________(tell) t stp,the tw girls kept n talking at the meeting. 答案:tld(10)__________(cmplete) in 1931,the Empire State Building, inspired the imaginatin f the wrld. 答案:Cmpleted
一、单词拼写1.He was cmpletely a____________ in reading and frgt even t take his meal. 答案:absrbed2.Why dn't yu ever give me flwers?I wish yu'd be mre r____________. 答案:rmantic3.D yu have any p____________ experience f this type f wrk? 答案:previus
4.Many scientists have nticed that there has been a g____________ change in climate. 答案:gradual5.The special illness can't be c____________ thrugh drugs r methds,but can be prevented. 答案:cured
二、句型转换1.As we had spent nearly all ur mney,we culdn't affrd t stay at a htel.→_________ _________ nearly all ur mney,we culdn't affrd t stay at a htel. 答案:Having spent 2.As it has been clearly and thughtfully written,the bk is ppular amng the students.→Clearly and thughtfully __________,the bk is ppular amng the students. 答案:written
3.Althugh he was raised in a pr family,he never lst his dream f becming a ftball player.→__________ __________ in a pr family,he never lst his dream f becming a ftball player. 答案:Althugh raised4.Vide games can be a pr influence if left in the wrng hands.→Vide games can be a pr influence if __________ left in the wrng hands. 答案:they are
5.T make it easier t get in tuch with us,yu'd better keep this card at hand.→ __________ __________ __________ make it easier t get in tuch with us,yu'd better keep this card at hand. 答案:In rder t
三、翻译句子1.由于被妈妈说的话所感动,我忍不住哭了起来。答案:Mved by what my mther said,I culdn't help crying.2.我不知道他那天为什么如此沮丧。答案:I dn't knw why he was s disappinted that day.3.当问到他出生在哪里时,约翰说他是纽约人。答案:When asked where he was brn,Jhn said he was a New Yrker.
词汇认知重点单词1. capable adj.有能力的;有才能的 2. relief n.(焦虑、痛苦的)减轻或消除;(不快过后的)宽慰、轻松或解脱 3. cure vt.治愈;治好(疾病);解决(问题) n.药物;治疗;(解决问题、改善糟糕情况的)措施 4. previus adj.先前的;以往的 5. rmantic adj. 浪漫的 n.浪漫的人
6.album n. 相册;集邮簿;音乐专辑 7. impact n.巨大影响;强大作用;冲击力 8. aim n.目的;目标 vi.& vt.力求达到;力争做到;瞄准 vt.目的是;旨在
词汇拓展1.gradual adj.逐渐的;渐进的→ gradually adv.逐步地;逐渐地 2.unemplyed adj.失业的;待业的→ emplyed adj.被雇用的→ emply vt.使用;雇用→ emplyee n.雇员 → emplyer n.雇主;老板 重点短语absrbed in sth/sb 被……吸引住;专心致志
语法图解过去分词的用法(2)
探究发现阅读下列句子,注意句中的画线部分1.Frm his expressin,I culd tell that he was in the USA n 2 January 1970,Whitacre began studying music at the University f Nevada in 1988. 3.Mved by this music,he said,“It was like seeing clur fr the first time.” 4.Inspired,he asked his fans t make vides,which he then jined tgether int ne perfrmance.
在第一个例句中,过去分词puzzled在句中做 表语 ;而在后面三个例句中均含有一个过去分词或过去分词短语,它们在句中充当 状语 ,分别表示 时间 、 原因 、 方式 。
词汇精讲1.【教材原文】Thugh he was affected by gradual blindness sn after the perfrmance,Henry was still capable f writing cmpsitins and he fund that creating music was a relief and cure fr his illness.(page 54)尽管演出后不久亨利就逐渐失明,但他仍有能力作曲,并且他发现创作音乐是一种对他疾病的缓解和治疗。
考点一capable adj.有能力的;有才能的be capable f sth/ding sth 有能力做某事(=be able t d sth);能胜任某事(=be fit fr sth)capability n.能力;才能lse the capability t d sth/f ding sth 丧失做某事的能力capably adv.有能力地incapable adj.没有能力的;不能胜任的be incapable f sth/ding sth 没有能力做某事(=be unable t d sth)
易混辨析capable,able capable指具有接受、适应等能力,强调足以胜任某事,常用于be capable f结构中,其主语可以是人或物 able指具有明显地超出平均水平的能力,常用于be able t d结构中,主语通常是人
语境领悟(1)If used prperly,the rbt is capable f taking gd care f the elderly and the sick.如果使用得当,机器人能够照顾好老人和病人。(2)I was brn t have the capability t cnduct peple,and therefre my strength lies in rganising.我天生就拥有指挥他人的能力,因此,我的长处就是组织能力。(3)The yung child seemed incapable f understanding the basic cde.这个孩子似乎无法理解这些基本代码的意思。
考点二relief n.(焦虑、痛苦的)减轻或消除;(不快过后的)宽慰、轻松或解脱in relief如释重负t ne's relief 使某人宽慰的是a relief f/frm... ……的减轻/消除/缓和It is a relief t... ……是一件让人欣慰/轻松的事。relieve vt.减轻;缓和;缓解relieve sb f sth 帮助某人减轻负担
语境领悟(1)When he heard he had passed the examinatin,he smiled in relief.当他听到他通过了考试的时候,他如释重负地笑了。(2)T ur great relief,the children all arrived hme safely.孩子们都安全到家了,我们大大地松了口气。(3)We shuld prvide relief fr refugees.我们应该为难民提供救济品。(4)It was a great relief t find that my family were all safe.发现我的家人都安然无恙,我感到了极大的欣慰。
考点三cure vt.治愈;治好(疾病);解决(问题)n.药物;治疗;(解决问题、改善糟糕情况的)措施a cure fr... 针对……的治疗(法)cure sb/a disease治疗好某人/治疗疾病cure sb f...治愈某人的疾病/改掉某人的恶习等curable adj.可治愈的incurable adj.不可治愈的
易混辨析treat,cure treat“治疗”,通常强调过程,指对病人进行诊断和治疗,但不含“治好”的意思,常用于“treat sb fr sth”结构中 cure“治好,治愈”,通常强调结果,指治愈某种疾病或某人的疾病,常用于“cure sb f sth”结构中
语境领悟(1)A cure fr this disease is nt yet t be fund.迄今还没有发现有治愈此种疾病的办法。(2)A few days' rest will cure yu.休息几天你的病就好了。(3)Mum says a glass f warm milk befre ging t bed can cure yu f insmnia.妈妈说睡前一杯热牛奶能治疗失眠症。(4)Nthing culd cure her f her impatience with Anna.她就是改不了对安娜的不耐烦态度。
学以致用单句语法填空(1)With the develpment f science and technlgy,man has becme mre capable f ____________ (cnquer) nature. (2)I'm afraid I can't help yu ut,fr it is quite beynd my ____________(capable). (3)He was fund lying in the rad,drunk and ____________ (capable).
capability
(4)News f their safety came as ____________great relief t all f us. (5)Dn't wrry.Let me relieve yu ____________sme f yur bags. (6)____________ my relief,the stranger I met spke very fluent English.
2.【教材原文】When he gt absrbed in his wrld f music,he felt as if he culd “see” the beauty f the wrld arund him,like he had in his previus life.(page 54)当他沉浸在音乐的世界里时,他觉得自己仿佛能“看到”周围世界的美,就像他以前(所看到的)一样。
考点一absrb vt.吸收;吸引;承受;理解把……吸进/并入……absrb ne's attentin 吸引某人的注意absrb neself in ding...全神贯注……absrbed adj.全神贯注的be/get absrbed in (ding) sth/sb 被……吸引住;专心致志absrptin n.吸收;并入;着迷
名师点津be absrbed in (ding) sth结构在句中做状语、定语时,常用absrb的过去分词形式。类似的结构还有: ①be lst in... 陷入……;专心致志于…… ②be caught in...被困在…… ③be buried in...埋头于…… ④be devted t...致力于……;专心于……
语境领悟(1)The big cmpany has gradually absrbed these small cmpanies int its wn rganisatin.这家大公司渐渐把这些小公司吞并了。(2)I was s absrbed in this bk that I didn't hear yu cme in.我看这本书太入神了,连你进来也没听见。(3)Absrbed in his wrk,Tm simply frgt fd and sleep.汤姆专心于工作,几乎忘记了吃饭和睡觉。
考点二previus adj.先前的;以往的previus t 在……之前previusly adv.之前;以前语境领悟(1)N previus experience is necessary fr this jb.这一工作无须相关经验。(2)Previus t this,she'd always been well.在这之前,她身体一直很好。(3)I had visited them three days previusly.我之前曾经探访过他们三天。
学以致用单句语法填空(1)The building had ____________(previus) been used as a htel. (2)What ther jbs had yu dne previus ____________ the present ne? (3) ____________(absrb) in painting,Jhn didn't ntice evening appraching. (4)Everyne ____________(absrb) in the beautiful scenery then.
was absrbed
(5)Our cuntryside is increasingly being absrbed ____________ the large cities.
3.【教材原文】____________(fill with) team spirit,they act as a whle,always aiming fr glry.(page 54) (充满)团队精神,他们行动一致,始终追求荣誉。考点aim n.目的;目标 vi.& vt.力求达到;力争做到;瞄准 vt.目的是;旨在take aim at瞄准……achieve ne's aim 达到目的with the aim f伴随着……的目的aim at/fr...努力取得……;瞄准……aim at ding=aim t d力求达到……;力争做到……be aimed at (ding) aimed t d...目的是……
语境领悟(1)Teamwrk is required in rder t achieve these aims.完成这些目标需要团队合作。(2)She went t Shanghai with the aim f finding a jb.她去上海是为了找工作。(3)These measures are aimed at preventing vilent crime.这些措施旨在防止暴力犯罪。
学以致用单句语法填空(1)Our factry must aim at ____________(increase) prductin. (2)Tm is aiming ____________a schlarship f his cllege.(3)The bk is ____________(aim) at very yung children under six.
increasing
同义句转换(4)This measure aims at reducing the traffic accident.→This measure is taken_______ _______ _______ _______ reducing the traffic accident.
with the aim f
语法精析过去分词的用法(2)一、过去分词做表语1.过去分词做表语的含义过去分词做表语,通常表示主语所处的状态,且做表语的过去分词多来自及物动词。在主系表结构中,系动词除了be动词外,还有seem,lk,g,becme,remain,stay等。
I'm pleased with the result f the exam.我对考试结果很满意。 He seemed interested in English.他好像对英语感兴趣。 但也应注意,少数不及物动词(如g,cme,set等)的过去分词也可做表语,这时其过去分词并不表示“被动”,而表示“完成”。 He was gne befre I arrived.我来之前他就走了。
2.过去分词与动词-ing形式做表语的区别
这类常见的动词有surprise,astnish,amaze,mve,wrry, interest,inspire,encurage等。We are all excited at the exciting news.听到这个令人激动的消息,我们都很激动。
3.过去分词做表语与被动语态的区别过去分词做表语时,强调主语所处的状态;动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,强调动作。 The cup is brken.杯子破了。(强调杯子的状态) The cup was brken by Jim.杯子是吉姆打破的。(强调动作)
二、过去分词做状语1.过去分词做状语的功能过去分词做状语,修饰谓语动词,进一步说明谓语动词动作发生时的背景或状况,可以表示时间、原因、条件、结果、伴随、方式等。过去分词前面可以带when,while,if,unless,thugh等。Greatly inspired by the teacher's wrds,I have made up my mind t study English even harder.老师的话给了我很大启发,我决心更加努力地学习英语。If heated,ice can be changed int water.冰加热时变成水。
2.过去分词做状语的位置过去分词做条件、原因及时间状语时,通常放在句首;做伴随、结果状语时,通常放在句末;做方式状语时,一般放在句末,有时也放在句首;做让步状语时,一般放在句首,有时也放在句末。Grwn in rich sil,these seeds can grw fast.如果在肥沃的土壤里,这些种子能长得很快。(过去分词表示条件) The trainer appeared,fllwed by six little dgs.训练员出现了,后面跟着六条小狗。(过去分词表示伴随)
Althugh built thirty years ag,the huse lks very beautiful.尽管这座房子是30年前建造的,它看起来依然很漂亮。(过去分词表示让步)
3.过去分词或过去分词短语和状语从句的变换过去分词或过去分词短语在句中做状语,可以表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随或让步等。过去分词短语做状语时,可以根据意义需要,在分词前添加nce,when,while,if,even if,thugh 等适当的词组和主语,并加be动词的适当形式,从而转换成相应意义的状语从句。
(1)做时间状语:过去分词做时间状语,相当于一个时间状语从句。也可在过去分词前加上连词when,while,until等,使其时间意义更明确。Seen frm the tp f the hill,the city lks mre beautiful.=When it is seen frm the tp f the hill,the city lks mre beautiful.从山顶上看,这座城市显得更漂亮。
(2)做原因状语:过去分词做原因状语,相当于一个原因状语从句。Written in a hurry,this article was nt s gd.=Because it was written in a hurry,this article was nt s gd.因为写得匆忙,这篇文章不是很好。
(3)做条件状语:可用在连词if,unless 之后,相当于一个条件状语从句。Given mre time,we culd d it much better.=If we were given mre time,we culd d it much better.多给我们点时间,我们会做得更好。
(4)做让步状语:有时可用在althugh,thugh,even if/thugh, 等连词之后,相当于让步状语从句。Thugh warned f the strm,the farmers were still wrking in the fields.=Thugh they had been warned f the strm,the farmers were still wrking in the fields.虽然农民们已被警告将有风暴,但他们仍然在地里干活。
4.过去分词与动词-ing形式做状语的区别
Seen at a distance,the painting seems much mre beautiful.从远处看,这幅画似乎要漂亮得多。(see与句子的主语是逻辑上的动宾关系)Seeing frm the hill,yu will find the city lks like a big garden.从山上看,你会发现这座城市就像一个大花园。(see与句子的主语yu之间是逻辑上的主谓关系)
Nt knwing hw t wrk ut the difficult physics prblem, he asked the teacher fr help.由于不知道如何解这道物理难题,他向老师求助。(knw与句子的主语是逻辑上的主谓关系)Used fr a lng time,the bk lks ld.(动宾关系)由于用了很长时间,这本书看上去陈旧。Using the bk,I find it very useful.(主谓关系)在使用这本书时,我发现它很有用。
名师点津分词做状语记忆口诀 分词做状语,主语是问题。 前后两动作,共用一主语。 主语找出后,再来判关系。 主动用ing,被动用ed。
5.过去分词做状语和独立主格结构过去分词做状语时,其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语,且与主语之间是动宾关系,即被动关系。如果句中过去分词的逻辑主语不是句子的主语,这时必须在过去分词前加上主格的逻辑主语,构成独立主格结构。Seen in the dark night,lights n tp f tall buildings lk like stars in the sky.夜里看时,高楼楼顶的灯像是天空中的星星。(seen表示被动,其逻辑主语就是lights,分词的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生)
Everything taken int cnsideratin,the party was a success.将所有的事情考虑在内,晚会算是成功的。(taken的逻辑主语不是the party,所以添加everything)
6.“连词+过去分词”结构做状语过去分词做状语时,可在分词之前加某些连词,以表示强调。常用的有if,unless,when,nce,until,thugh/althugh,even if/even thugh,as,as if等。此结构实际是状语从句的省略形式。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致,且状语从句的谓语动词是被动式时,可省略从句的主语和be动词。Water can be changed int vapur when (it is) heated.水受热时可以变成蒸汽。There is n pint arguing abut it,just d as (yu are) tld.争论这件事没有意义,照吩咐去做就行了。
即学即练单句语法填空(1)Ordinary sap,__________(use) crrectly,can deal with bacteria effectively. 答案:used (2)I became __________(interest) in playing ftball thanks t a small accident. 答案:interested
(3)One was that I was __________ (amaze) at the fact that a sick persn culd feel much better after seeing a dctr. 答案:amazed (4)Nervusly __________(face) challenges,I knw I will whisper t myself the tw simple wrds “Be yurself”. 答案:facing (5)Ladies and gentlemen,please remain __________(seat) until the plane has cme t a cmplete stp. 答案:seated
(6)__________(give) the right kind f training,these teenage sccer players may ne day grw int internatinal stars. 答案:Given (7)__________ (rder) ver a week ag,the bks are expected t arrive any time nw. 答案:Ordered (8)I felt greatly __________(hnur) when he picked me as his successr. 答案:hnured
(9)Thugh __________(tell) t stp,the tw girls kept n talking at the meeting. 答案:tld(10)__________(cmplete) in 1931,the Empire State Building, inspired the imaginatin f the wrld. 答案:Cmpleted
一、单词拼写1.He was cmpletely a____________ in reading and frgt even t take his meal. 答案:absrbed2.Why dn't yu ever give me flwers?I wish yu'd be mre r____________. 答案:rmantic3.D yu have any p____________ experience f this type f wrk? 答案:previus
4.Many scientists have nticed that there has been a g____________ change in climate. 答案:gradual5.The special illness can't be c____________ thrugh drugs r methds,but can be prevented. 答案:cured
二、句型转换1.As we had spent nearly all ur mney,we culdn't affrd t stay at a htel.→_________ _________ nearly all ur mney,we culdn't affrd t stay at a htel. 答案:Having spent 2.As it has been clearly and thughtfully written,the bk is ppular amng the students.→Clearly and thughtfully __________,the bk is ppular amng the students. 答案:written
3.Althugh he was raised in a pr family,he never lst his dream f becming a ftball player.→__________ __________ in a pr family,he never lst his dream f becming a ftball player. 答案:Althugh raised4.Vide games can be a pr influence if left in the wrng hands.→Vide games can be a pr influence if __________ left in the wrng hands. 答案:they are
5.T make it easier t get in tuch with us,yu'd better keep this card at hand.→ __________ __________ __________ make it easier t get in tuch with us,yu'd better keep this card at hand. 答案:In rder t
三、翻译句子1.由于被妈妈说的话所感动,我忍不住哭了起来。答案:Mved by what my mther said,I culdn't help crying.2.我不知道他那天为什么如此沮丧。答案:I dn't knw why he was s disappinted that day.3.当问到他出生在哪里时,约翰说他是纽约人。答案:When asked where he was brn,Jhn said he was a New Yrker.
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