2022-2023学年安徽省合肥市肥东县综合高中高二（上）期末英语试卷（含解析）

这是一份2022-2023学年安徽省合肥市肥东县综合高中高二（上）期末英语试卷（含解析），共20页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。
A
The tw-week Harvard Pre-Cllege Prgram is an intense and exciting experience f the cllege life. The admissin cmmittee is nw lking fr mature, academically mtivated students wh will graduate frm high schl and enter cllege in 2022.
The Curse Experience
With ver 30 curses t chse frm, yu're sure t find a tpic that interests yu. Althugh curses are nn-credit and d nt have letter grades, yu need t attend the class in its entirety. When class is nt in sessin, yu can participate in creative and scial activities. At the end f the prgram, yu'll receive a written evaluatin frm yur instructr, as well as a transcript (成绩单).
Time
•July 24—August 5
Hw t Apply
Cmplete an nline applicatin and prvide supplemental (补充的) materials, including:
•The＄75 nn-refundable applicatin fee.
•Transcripts frm 9th grade t fall 2021 grades: This can include prgress reprts, reprt cards, and educatinal summaries frm yur high schl.
•If English is nt yur native language, submit scres frm the TOEFL IBT r IELTS language prficiency exam alng with yur applicatin.
Cst & Aid
The ttal fee fr a Harvard Pre-Cllege Prgram 2022 sessin is＄4, 950. The prgram fee includes tuitin, rm and bard, and activity csts fr the full tw weeks. There is als a nn-refundable ＄75 applicatin fee and ＄100 health insurance.
A limited number f schlarships are available t assist students wh demnstrate financial need. Awards vary based n need, and a typical award cvers part f the tuitin.
Hw t cntact us
Interested in learning mre abut the prgram? Cmplete ur request frm, and a member f ur team will cntact yu.
Phne: (617) 495-4023
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1.Which is a requirement fr students attending the curse?
A. Cmpleting 30 curses.B. Getting required credits.
C. Having a full attendance.D. Priritizing scial activities.
2.What shuld be included in supplemental materials?
A. Health certificate.B. Academic cnditins.
C. Financial declaratin.D. Persnal integrity.
3.What's the full payment fr an admitted student n the prgram?
A. ＄75B. ＄100C. ＄4, 950D. ＄5, 125
B
A "secretive" new species f frg has been discvered n the frest flr in India's Western Ghat muntain range. Named the starry dwarf frg after the markings n its dark brwn back, it is just 2 centimeters lng.
The frg, whse clsest relatives are a grup f species native t India and Sri Linka, is the nly member f an ancient lineage(血统) dating back t millins f years ag, accrding t researchers frm India and the US. It is unclear whether the species is descended frm African r Asian frgs.
A grup f Indian and US researchers first came acrss the lcal species hidden in leaf-litter as part f a wider prject t lk fr new frgs, lizards and snakes in the richly bidiverse regin and stred it in a jar fr later study. Genetic testing and a clser lk at its shape, cluring and ther features has shwn that it desn't match any existing species.
Kartik Shanker f the Indian Institute f Science, wh helped design the study, says while it is cmmn t find new frgs in India, this ne needs t be nticed. "This particular species nt just is a new species, but als belngs t a new genus(属), and that makes it a little mre special," says Shanker.
The number f knwn species f frg identified in India has climbed frm arund 200 t abve 400 ver the past tw decades. While many species new t science are frequently immediately srted as endangered, it is t early t say whether the starry dwarf frg is threatened. "They are very secretive," says Shanker, adding that the team didn't knw the size f its ppulatin. The frg is active at night and lives near water.
Habitat lss is a serius risk t frgs in trpical frests arund the wrld, alngside threats such as a deadly fungus(真菌) that has been killing ff amphibians(两栖动物) fr the past fur decades. But the new species was fund in a reserved frest, meaning it will enjy a degree f prtectin by Indian gvernment agencies.
4.What can we learn frm paragraph 3?
A. The species was discvered by turists.
B. The species was fund in a rich regin.
C. The species was finally set free.
D. The species was further studied.
5.What can we say abut the new frg?
A. It is in small quantities.
B. It is an endangered species.
C. It is well wrth attentin.
D. It is related t African r Asian frgs.
6.What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A. Habitat lss is the chief threat t frgs.
B. The new species may face less dangers.
C. Trpical frests in India are all under prtectin.
D. The Indian gvernment determines t save frgs.
7.Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A. A rare frg species prtected in India
B. A rise in species f frg seen in India
C. A secretive frg species discvered in India
D. A risk f habitat lss fr frgs remved in India
C
When the sun cmes up ver the castle f Rcca Calasci，a small muntain village high up in the Italian Apennines，it's like a silent，magic wnderland.One such sunrise struck Franc Cagnli with a spiritual calling that led him t g n a missin that affected bth the village and him deeply.
Rcca Calasci has seen n resident since 1957.Deppulatin f rural r muntain villages in Italy began with the resettlement f villagers in the early 20th century，happening faster after Wrld War II when peple were attracted t urban jbs.
Hwever，like many places，the area is enjying a revival （复苏） and nw hme t sme families. "T put it in rmantic terms，there is a lve stry between me and the ancient building，" Cagnli said as he shwed visitrs rund the castle f Rcca Calasci.The castle，with fundatins dating back abut 1，000 years，is ne f the highest in Eurpe.It began as a twer in a line f cnnected structures t cntrl and prtect the land that stretched inland frm the Adriatic Sea.
Cagnli，nw 39，first saw Rcca Calasci when he was 16.He was n a rad trip t find himself. "I arrived here as the mrning sun lit up the castle.I was blinded by the light and since that day smething inside me has changed，" he said. "I thught it was the mst beautiful place.I felt special energies，deciding t help its rebirth." He's nw the castle's caretaker and head f a cperative whse members guide visitrs.
"Besides temprary visitrs，the cmplete revival has much t d with permanent residents.Peple f the previus generatin didn't appreciate the land they lived n，" Valeria Befani，a resident in the village，said. "Tday's teenagers，like my children，are prud f their land and are happy if they can stay here."
8.What inspired Cagnli t help revive Rcca Calasci？ ______
A. His trip t find himself.
B. The impressive scene f the village.
C. His lve fr ancient buildings.
D. The histrical imprtance f the castle.
9.Hw was Rcca Calasci affected by Wrld War II？ ______
A. Its ppulatin lss speeded up.B. It gt left behind in ecnmy.
C. Its buildings were damaged.D. It was knwn by mre peple.
10.Why was the castle built？ ______
A. T attract peple t visit.
B. T reduce attack frm waves.
C. T strengthen castal defense.
D. T prtect the cnnected structures.
11.What might Befani agree with？ ______
A. Views f different generatins vary greatly.
B. Reviving Rcca Calasci has a lng way t g.
C. Teenagers desn't appreciate their hmetwn.
D. The future f Rcca Calasci is full f prmise.
D
When we see a persn in truble，the first idea that cmes t ur mind is t lend a hand.But what if we see an animal in truble，des the same rule apply？
This questin was raised after a grup f penguins （企鹅） were saved frm an icy gully （峡谷） in Antarctica.It was filmed fr the BBC wildlife series Dynasties.The film crew were anxius when they saw that a grup f penguins had fallen int a gully and been trapped with their yung.They built a slpe （斜坡） s that a few f the penguins culd save themselves.
The case has taken the internatinal media by strm.Viewers watching this film sighed in relief. "I'm s glad.I understand nt taking actin directly，but a helping hand isn't bthering，right？" viewer Kathryn Shaw said n her Facebk.
Hwever，thers think human interference （干涉） is unnatural. "Yu can't have sunshine thrughut yur life.T have dne anything else wuld nly make matters wrse." said the shw's creatr David Attenbrugh，accrding t TheTimes.
In this case，hwever，Mike Guntn，the executive prducer f the series，said that this was a ne-ff situatin. "There were n animals ging t suffer by interfering.Yu weren't tuching the animals and it was just felt by ding this …They had the chance nt t have t keep slipping dwn the slpe." he tld the BBC．
Such cases are familiar t Paul Nicklen，wildlife phtgrapher fr Natinal Gegraphic.He tld Metr， "If it's ever a predatr （捕食者） situatin，n matter hw ，yu stay ut f the way.Even when yu're watching a male plar bear eat a baby bear."
"There's n rule bk in thse situatins.Yu can nly respnd t the facts that are right there in frnt f yu." Will Lawsn，the shw's directr，tld Daily Mail.
12.What has led t a heated media discussin？ ______
A. The rescue f penguins frm a gully.
B. Peple's varius pinins n penguins.
C. Sme penguins' sufferings in a gully.
D. Ways f filming the series Dynasties.
13.Wh hlds a psitive attitude twards human interference？ ______
A. David Attenbrugh.B. Will Lawsn.
C. Paul Nicklen.D. Kathryn Shaw.
14.Which f the fllwing best explains the wrd "gutwrenching" underlined in Paragraph 6？ ______
A. Making ne cnfused.B. Making ne heartbrken.
C. Putting ne in danger.D. Making ne amazed.
15.What can be the best title fr the text？ ______
A. Necessity f Lending a Hand t Animals.
B. Prtect Animals Frm Dying Out.
C. Human Interference n Dangerus Animals.
D. Help Animals in Truble r Nt.
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。
Yu'll prbably be familiar with the Nrth American spelling f the wrd " airplane".Hwever，if yu've ever been n an internatinal flight leaving the United States and ging t anther English-speaking cuntry like the United Kingdm，yu've prbably nticed that there are a few differences between the American and British spellings f wrds with the same meaning. (16) .The American English spelling is "airplane" while the British English spelling is "aerplane".S，why des this happen？
Let's lk at the rt f the phenmenn. (17) . " British English has a general tendency t favur spellings and wrds that remind peple f French，but American English，when it has deviated（背离）frm what British English des，ften changes int the directin f seeming less French， "says Lynne Murphy，authr f The Prdigal Tngue：The Lve-Hate Relatinship Between British & American English.
(18) . "Aerplane "is n exceptin. "We're cmfrtable with 'aer' in scientific terms，but as planes became mre cmmn things t talk abut，the 'aer' seemed t fancy， "explains Murphy. "In Scientific American in 1906，there was already a claim that (19) .Ten years later， 'airplane' was adpted by the Natinal Advisry Cmmittee fr Aernautics as their term.It was cnsidered in the United Kingdm，but that suggestin didn't g anywhere."
There's a gd reasn why wrds that mean the same thing are spelled differently，and why that will cntinue t happen. "(20)， and peple are generally prud f it，s they cntinue t spell differently， "says Murphy.
A．Every cuntry has different culture
B．Yur spelling tells peple where yu're frm
C．The wrd "airplane" happens t be an example
D．Airplane is a much better wrd than aerplane
E．American English and British English have similar histrical rigins
F．There's a lt f histry that ges beynd wrds and dives deep int plitics，gvernment，and science
G．A lt f wrds in the English language are brrwed frm ther languages，like Latin，Greek，and French
16.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. GH. H
17.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. GH. H
18.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. GH. H
19.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. GH. H
20.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. GH. H
三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。
Edmnd was a schl bus driver fr 22 years.One mrning，the rain puring dwn，he and the bus mnitr Valentine were called t (21) a student wh missed the bus.What (22) them was that the student didn't turn up when they reached the specified place.
Edmnd and Valentine didn't expect they had a larger (23) t achieve.Just arund the crner，they fund tw children (24) in the rushing fldwaters.The by and the girl were struggling t hld nt a (25) t avid being swept away.
Edmnd and Valentine culdn't (26) t save them，but neither culd swim.Jumping int actin meant putting their wn (27) n the line.Since the bus was fr special needs children，it was (28) with remvable seat belts.They gt a（n） (29).Immediately they tied the seat belts tgether s as t (30) the children.
Clse by neighbrs additinally gt here t (31)，and the grup made cmbined effrts t (32) the by and the girl frm the tree.They created a human chain and (33) the tied belts ut until Edmnd gt a firm hld n the children and pulled them t safety.
The tw children were (34) f Edmnd，giving him a big hug.Surrunding them，everyne present was filled with happiness，thugh wet all ver.This great rescue peratin went viral n scial media and drew praise fr their (35) frm all quarters.
21.A. lk afterB. send frC. pick upD. call n
22.A. discuragedB. bredC. excitedD. impressed
23.A. dreamB. galC. successD. missin
24.A. divingB. playingC. stuckD. prepared
25.A. treeB. beltC. seatD. bus
26.A. fferB. waitC. pretendD. lng
27.A. livesB. futureC. jbsD. family
28.A. cveredB. decratedC. filledD. equipped
29.A. suggestinB. ideaC. beliefD. cnclusin
30.A. lckB. searchC. reachD. hang
31.A. assistB. cheerC. respndD. watch
32.A. prtectB. tellC. freeD. tear
33.A. extendedB. pushedC. threwD. kicked
34.A. prudB. appreciativeC. fndD. tired
35.A. attitudeB. descriptinC. actinD. frtune
四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
36.Agriculture has develped rapidly.In the past decades，mdern science and technlgy (1) （help） t greatly reduce the back-breaking labr invlved in farming.These advances have benefited peple in (2) （vary） cuntries in crp prductin.
Prbably ne f the mst beneficial (3) （ invent） is drip irrigatin （滴灌），which has made (4) pssible t develp big，green farms in the middle f the desert. (5) there have been experiments in different places in the past t make drip irrigatin a reality，it is in the Middle Eastern cunty f Israel (6) drip irrigatin has becme (7) mdern success.
By means f drip irrigatin，farmers can nw prduce crps n dry land (8) needing much water.This irrigatin methd uses far (9) （little） water than ther methds.The limited and fcused use f just the right amunt f water als reduces water t weeds and pests， (10) （keep） them frm harming the crps.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共40分。
37.在你校网络安全月即将到来之际，校英文报正在征集相关稿件。请你就网络安全话题投稿，具体内容包括：
1.网络安全的重要性；
2.安全上网的具体建议；
3.号召大家重视网络安全。
注意
1.词数80左右；
2.题目已给出，不计入总词数。
Staying Safe n the Internet________________
38.The event that stands ut in Tm's memry happened ne mrning when Tm was nly ten years ld.He was at hme with his elder sister Jane.Tm was ding his hmewrk when he heard raised vices.At first he thught nthing f it since custmers in the mtrcycle shp directly belw their flat ften became lud,but he sn realized this time it was different.
"Quick ！Quick！Remve the mtrcycles frm the shp."smene shuted.Then a thick burning smell filled the air.When Tm pened the frnt dr f their flat t investigate,a thick clud f smke greeted him.The mtrcycle shp had caught fire and peple were running and crying.
Jane,wh had been playing the vilin in her rm,hurried t the living rm.They rushed ut f the dr and alng the crridr （走廊） thrugh the smke.
They were heading twards the stairway at the far end f the crridr when Jane suddenly stpped in her track.She turned arund and headed back the way they came.Tm had n idea what she was ding,but he fllwed her.
Jane had suddenly remembered the lady in her 70s wh lived next dr t them,wh they called Makcik.Jane began banging n Makcik's dr,but gt n answer.As the smke thickened arund them,Tm culd see many f their neighbrs-sme still in their pajamas （睡衣）-running fr safety.The thught f fear crssed his mind.
"She wuld have run fr safety like everyne else ！"Tm cried.Hwever,Jane refused t give up."I knw Makcik's still inside."She said she was familiar with Makcik's daily rutine and was certain she wuld still be sleeping.She punded against the dr."G dwnstairs.G nw ！G！"
Paragraph 1：
Tm nticed the flame （火焰） was reaching up.___________
Paragraph 2：
Luckily,sme neighbrs passing by stpped and ffered help.___________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】C、B、D
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。这是哈佛大学预科课程的介绍和招生广告。
1. 根据第二段中的Althugh curses are nn-credit and d nt have letter grades, yu need t attend the class in its entirety.（虽然课程没有学分，也没有字母评分，但你需要完整地参加课程。）可知，参加这门课程的学生需要全勤出席，故选C。
2. 根据Hw t Apply部分中的Transcripts frm 9th grade t fall 2021 grades: This can include prgress reprts, reprt cards, and educatinal summaries frm yur high schl.（从九年级到2021年秋季的成绩单：包括进度报告、成绩单卡和高中的教育总结。）可知，补充材料应该包括学术条件。故选B。
3. 根据Cst & Aid部分中的The ttal fee fr a Harvard Pre-Cllege Prgram...＄75 applicatin fee and ＄100 health insurance.（哈佛大学2022年预科课程的总费用为4950美元。项目费用包括学费、食宿费和两周的活动费。此外，还有75美元的申请费和100美元的健康保险，不予退还。）可知，一个学生的全部费用包括＄4, 950+＄75+＄100=＄5, 125。故选D。
4~7.【答案】D、C、B、C
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在印度发现的一种新的青蛙以及它的特征等。
1. 根据第三段A grup f Indian and US researchers first came acrss the lcal species hidden in leaf-litter as part f a wider prject t lk fr new frgs, lizards and snakes in the richly bidiverse regin and stred it in a jar fr later study. Genetic testing and a clser lk at its shape, cluring and ther features has shwn that it desn't match any existing species.（一组印度和美国的研究人员最初发现了隐藏在落叶中的当地物种，这是在生物多样性丰富的地区寻找新的青蛙、蜥蜴和蛇的更广泛项目的一部分，并将其储存在一个罐子中，以备日后研究。基因测试和对其形状、颜色和其他特征的仔细观察表明，它与任何现存物种都不匹配。）可知，研究人员首次发现了隐藏在落叶中的当地物种并将其储存在一个罐子中，后来研究表明它与任何现存物种都不匹配。由此可知，研究人员对发现的新物种进行了后续的研究。故选D。
2. 根据第四段Kartik Shanker f the Indian Institute f Science, wh helped design the study, says while it is cmmn t find new frgs in India, this ne needs t be nticed. "This particular species nt just is a new species, but als belngs t a new genus(属), and that makes it a little mre special," says Shanker.（协助设计这项研究的印度科学研究所的Kartik Shanker表示，虽然在印度发现新青蛙很常见，但这一点需要引起注意。Shanker说：“这个特殊的物种不仅是一个新物种，而且属于一个新属，这使它有点特别。”）可知，发现的新物种有点特别，值得被关注。故选C。
3. 根据最后一段But the new species was fund in a reserved frest, meaning it will enjy a degree f prtectin by Indian gvernment agencies.（但是这个新物种是在一个受保护森林中发现的，这意味着它将受到印度政府机构的一定程度的保护。）可知，发现的新物种会在一定程度上受到政府的保护，这就意味着它面临的危险可能就更少。故选B。
4. 阅读全文，并根据第一段A "secretive" new species f frg has been discvered n the frest flr in India's Western Ghat muntain range.（在印度西高特山脉的森林地面上发现了一种新的“神秘”青蛙。）可知，本文主要介绍了在印度发现的一种新的青蛙，选项C“印度发现的一种神秘青蛙”符合文章主旨，可作为最佳标题。故选C。
8~11.【答案】B、A、C、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段When the sun cmes up ver the castle f Rcca Calasci，a small muntain village high up in the Italian Apennines，it's like a silent，magic wnderland.One such sunrise struck Franc Cagnli with a spiritual calling that led him t g n a missin that affected bth the village and him deeply.（当太阳从意大利亚平宁山脉高处的小山村罗卡•卡拉西奥城堡上空升起时，这里就像一个寂静而神奇的仙境。一次这样的日出给了弗兰科•卡格诺利一种精神上的召唤，促使他去执行一项对村庄和他自己都产生了深刻影响的使命。）和倒数第二段Franc Cagnli的话""I arrived here as the mrning sun lit up the castle.I was blinded by the light and since that day smething inside me has changed，" he said. "I thught it was the mst beautiful place.I felt special energies，deciding t help its rebirth."（"我到达这里时，早晨的阳光照亮了城堡。从那天起，我的内心发生了变化。"他说，"我认为这是最美丽的地方。我感受到了特殊的能量，决定帮助它重生。"）可知，第一段中的a missin that affected bth the village and him deeply.（这个使命深深地影响了村子和他自己。）指帮助复兴罗卡卡拉西奥。因此太阳从罗卡卡拉西奥的城堡升起的壮观一幕激励他去帮助复兴该村庄。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段Deppulatin f rural r muntain villages in Italy began with the resettlement f villagers in the early 20th century，accelerating after Wrld War Tw when peple were attracted t urban jbs.（20世纪初，随着村民的重新安置，意大利农村或山村的人口减少开始了。二战后，人们被吸引到城市工作，这一现象加速。）可知，20世纪，早期意大利的乡村和山村人口剧减，第二次世界大战后，许多人离开了农村地区前往城市，人口减少加剧。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段It was built as a twer in a line f cnnected structures t cntrl and prtect the land that stretched inland frm the Adriatic Sea.（它是作为一排连接的建筑中的一座塔，用来控制和保护从亚得里亚海延伸到内陆的土地。）可知，这座城堡是一排相连的建筑中的一个塔，其目的是控制和保护从亚得里亚海延伸到内陆的土地。故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段"Besides temprary visitrs，the cmplete revival has much t d with permanent residents.Peple f the previus generatin didn't appreciate the land they lived n，" Valeria Befani，a resident in the village，said. "Tday's teenagers，like my children，are prud f their land and are happy if they can stay here."（"除了临时游客，完全的复兴与永久居民有很大关系。上一代人并不珍惜他们赖以生存的土地，"村里的居民瓦莱丽娅•贝法尼说。"今天的青少年和我的孩子一样，为自己的土地感到骄傲，如果能留在这里，他们也很高兴。"）可知，贝法尼认为，罗卡卡拉西奥的彻底复兴与长期居住的居民有很大联系，如今的青少年为罗卡卡拉西奥感到骄傲，如果他们能留在这里，他们会很高兴。由此可知，罗卡卡拉西奥有了真正热爱它的居民，它的未来充满希望。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了Franc Cagnli看到太阳从罗卡卡拉西奥的城堡升起时深受震撼，于是决定并着手帮助复兴这个意大利小山村。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
12~15.【答案】A、D、B、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段第一句This questin was raised after a grup f penguins （企鹅） were saved frm an icy gully （峡谷） in Antarctica.（这个问题是在一群企鹅从南极洲的冰沟中获救后提出的。）以及第三段 The case has taken the internatinal media by strm. （该案件在国际媒体上引起了轰动）可知，一群企鹅从南极洲的冰峡谷中获救这一事件在网上引发了热议。故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段 "I'm s glad.I understand nt taking actin directly ，but a helping hand isn't bthering ，right？" viewer Kathryn Shaw said n her Facebk. （"我很高兴。我理解不能直接采取行动，但伸出援助之手并不麻烦，对吧？"观众Kathryn Shaw在她的脸书上说。）可知，Kathryn Shaw对人类介入的态度是肯定的。故选D。
（3）词义猜测题。根据上下文内容If it's ever a predatr （捕食者） situatin，n matter hw gut-wrenching ，yu stay ut f the way. （如果它曾经是一个捕食者的情况，无论多么痛苦，你都会远离它。）可知gutwrenching意为"令人极度痛苦的"。A．Making ne cnfused令人困惑；B．Making ne heartbrken令人心碎；C．Putting ne in danger使某人处于危险境地；D．Making ne amazed令人吃惊。故选B。
（4）标题判断题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了BBC全新动物纪录片《王朝》广受关注，在某一集中，拍摄人员在南极洲向一群被困的企鹅伸出了援手，引起了热议。所以选项D"是否帮助有困难的动物"是最好的标题。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了BBC全新动物纪录片《王朝》广受关注，在某一集中，拍摄人员在南极洲向一群被困的企鹅伸出了援手，引起了热议。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
16~20.【答案】C、G、F、D、B
【解析】（1）联系上文题。根据空前的Hwever，if yu've ever been n an internatinal flight leaving the United States and ging t anther English-speaking cuntry like the United Kingdm，yu've prbably nticed that there are a few differences between the American and British spellings f wrds with the same meaning（然而，如果你曾经乘坐国际航班离开美国前往另一个英语国家，如英国，你可能会注意到，具有相同意思的单词在美式和英式拼写中有一些不同）可知，设空处应举例说明具有相同意思的单词在美式和英式拼写中有一些不同。C项"'飞机'这个词就是一个例子"符合语境。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据上句Let's lk at the rt f the phenmenn. （让我们来看看现象的根源）可知，本段主要讲的是airplane和aerplane 拼写方式不同的原因。结合空后的British English has a general tendency t favur spellings and wrds that remind peple f French，but American English，when it has deviated（背离）frm what British English des，ften changes int the directin f seeming less French，（英式英语一般倾向于喜欢那些让人想起法语的拼写和单词，但美式英语一旦偏离了英式英语的特点，往往会朝着看起来不那么法式的方向转变）可知，空处内容应涉及英式英语与美式英语和其他语言之间的关系。G项"英语中有很多单词是从其他语言借来的，比如拉丁语、希腊语和法语"符合语境。故选G。
（3）主旨大意题。空处为本段主题句。根据空后"Aerplane "is n exceptin. "We're cmfrtable with 'aer' in scientific terms，but as planes became mre cmmn things t talk abut，the 'aer' seemed t fancy， "explains Murphy.（"飞机"也不例外。墨菲解释说："在科学术语中，aer这个词让我们感到舒服，但随着飞机成为更常见的话题，aer这个词似乎太花哨了"）以及Ten years later， 'airplane' was adpted by the Natinal Advisry Cmmittee fr Aernautics as their term.（十年后，"飞机"被国家航空咨询委员会采用作为他们的术语）可知，本段主要介绍了aerplane与airplane在拼写上的差异和科学上的联系。F项"有很多历史超越了文字，深入到政治、政府和科学"概括本段内容，符合语境。故选F。
（4）推理判断题。根据空前"Aerplane "is n exceptin. "We're cmfrtable with 'aer' in scientific terms，but as planes became mre cmmn things t talk abut，the 'aer' seemed t fancy， "explains Murphy.（"飞机"也不例外。墨菲解释说："在科学术语中，aer这个词让我们感到舒服，但随着飞机成为更常见的话题，aer这个词似乎太花哨了"）以及空后Ten years later， 'airplane' was adpted by the Natinal Advisry Cmmittee fr Aernautics as their term.（十年后， "飞机"被国家航空咨询委员会采用作为他们的术语）可知空处应涉及airplane这种拼写方式在美国得到认可。D项"Airplane这个词比aerplane好得多"符合语境。故选D。
（5）联系上文题。根据空前的There's a gd reasn why wrds that mean the same thing are spelled differently，and why that will cntinue t happen （意思相同的单词拼写不同，而且这种情况会继续发生，这是有原因的）可知，设空处应是在介绍表示同一含义的单词的英式拼写和美式拼写不同这种现象持续发生的原因。B项"你的拼写会告诉别人你来自哪里"说明原因是你的拼写会告诉别人你来自哪里，符合语境。故选B。
本文是说明文。本文以美式英语中的airplane和英式英语中的aerplane在拼写上的差异为例介绍了英美语言中拼写差异的形成原因。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~35.【答案】C、A、D、C、A、B、A、D、B、C、A、C、A、B、C
【解析】（1）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.lk after照顾；B.send fr召唤，派人去请；C.pick up开车接；D.call n号召。句意：一天早上，大雨倾盆而下，他和班长瓦伦丁接到电话，去接一个错过公交车的学生。根据上文Edmnd was a schl bus driver和下文What（2）them was that the student didn't turn up when they reached the specified place.可知，爱德蒙和班长去接一个错过公交车的学生。故选C。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.discuraged使沮丧；B.bred使厌烦；C.excited使激动；D.impressed使印象深刻。句意：让他们沮丧的是，他们到达指定地点时学生没有出现。根据上文the rain puring dwn和下文the student didn't turn up when they reached the specified place.可知，那天早上大雨倾盆，他们专门去接那名学生，但学生却没有出现，这让他们很沮丧。故选A。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.dream梦想；B.gal目标；C.success成功；D.missin使命，任务。句意：爱德蒙和瓦伦丁没想到他们还有更大的任务要完成。根据下文可知，爱德蒙和瓦伦丁在洪水中救出被困小孩，这是一个更大的任务。故选D。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.diving潜水；B.playing玩耍；C.stuck（在……中）卡住，陷住；D.prepared准备。句意：就在拐角处，他们发现两个孩子被困在汹涌的洪水中。根据下文The by and the girl were struggling t hld nt a（5）t avid being swept away.可知，两个孩子被困在汹涌的洪水中。故选C。
（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.tree树；B.belt腰带；C.seat座位；D.bus公交车。句意：男孩和女孩挣扎着抓住一棵树，以免被卷走。根据下文the grup made cmbined effrts t（12）the by and the girl frm the tree可知，此处指男孩和女孩挣扎着抓住一棵树。故选A。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.ffer提供；B.wait等待；C.pretend假装；D.lng期待。句意：爱德蒙和瓦伦丁迫不及待地想救他们，但他们都不会游泳。根据语境和常识可知，当时情况危急，所以爱德蒙和瓦伦丁迫不及待地想救他们。culdn't wait t d sth.意为"迫不及待地做某事"。故选B。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.lives生命；B.future将来；C.jbs工作；D.family家庭。句意：采取行动意味着将自己的生命置于危险之中。根据上文but neither culd swim可知，他们都不会游泳，在如此危急的情况下救人肯定意味着将自己的生命置于危险之中。故选A。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.cvered覆盖；B.decrated装饰；C.filled填充；D.equipped安装。句意：由于这辆巴士是为有特殊需要的儿童而设计的，所以它配备了可拆卸的安全带。根据上文Since the bus was fr special needs children可知，此处指它配备了可拆卸的安全带。故选D。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.suggestin建议；B.idea主意；C.belief信念；D.cnclusin结论。句意：他们有了主意。他们立即把安全带系在一起，以便够到孩子们。根据下文Immediately they tied the seat belts tgether s as t（10）the children.可知，这是他们想到的主意。故选B。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.lck锁；B.search寻找；C.reach到达，能伸到；D.hang悬挂。句意：他们有了主意。他们立即把安全带系在一起，以便够到孩子们。根据句中they tied the seat belts tgether可知，他们把安全带系在一起是为了够到孩子们。故选C。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.assist帮助；B.cheer欢呼；C.respnd回应；D.watch观看。句意：附近的邻居们也来到这里帮忙，小组共同努力将男孩和女孩从树上解救出来。根据下文the grup made cmbined effrts可知，附近的邻居们也来到这里帮忙。故选A。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.prtect保护；B.tell告诉；C.free释放，使解脱；D.tear撕。句意：附近的邻居们也来到这里帮忙，小组共同努力将男孩和女孩从树上解救出来。根据上文The by and the girl were struggling t hld nt a（5）t avid being swept away.可知，两个孩子之前挣扎着抓住一棵树，他们通过把安全带系在一起把男孩和女孩从树上解救出来。故选C。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.extended延申；B.pushed推；C.threw扔；D.kicked踢。句意：他们制造了一条人链，把系好的皮带伸出来，直到爱德蒙牢牢抓住孩子们，把他们拉到安全的地方。根据语境可知，他们制造了一条人链，把系好的皮带伸出来去，把他们拉到安全的地方。故选A。
（14）考查形容词及语境理解。A.prud自豪的；B.appreciative感激的；C.fnd喜爱的；D.tired厌烦的。句意：这两个孩子很感激爱德蒙，给了他一个大大的拥抱。根据下文giving him a big hug以及常识可知，孩子被营救出来，肯定心存感激。故选B。
（15）考查名词及语境理解。A.attitude态度；B.descriptin描述；C.actin行动；D.frtune运气。句意：这一伟大的救援行动在社交媒体上疯传，并赢得了各方的赞扬。根据上文可知，爱德蒙和附近的邻居们共同努力将男孩和女孩从树上解救出来，所以这是一次救援行动。故选C。
本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了校车司机爱德蒙和班长瓦伦丁在大雨倾盆的早上救出被洪水围困的两个孩子的故事。
做完形填空题之前，必须先浏览全文，了解短文的大意，这是非常重要的一个步骤。通过短文所提供的信息，借助语感及相关知识的推断，可以从整体上把握短文的轮廓。在通读全文，了解大意的基础上，便可着手答题。根据习惯用法、固定搭配，并从上下文中找关键性暗示，注意前后对照，逐句精读，逐题分析选项。所有的答案选出之后，应再次通读全文，对所选的答案进行核实调整。
36.【答案】【小题1】have helped
【小题2】varius
【小题3】inventins
【小题4】it
【小题5】While/Althugh/Thugh
【小题6】that
【小题7】a
【小题8】withut
【小题9】less
【小题10】keeping
【解析】（1）考查时态。句意：在过去的几十年，现代科学技术帮助极大地减少了从事农业所需的繁重劳动。根据时间状语In the past decades，可知用现在完成时态，主语为and连接的两个名词，故填have helped。
（2）考查形容词。句意：这些进步使各国人民在作物生产方面受益。作定语修饰名词，所以用形容词，故填varius。
（3）考查名词。句意：也许最有益的创新之一是滴灌技术，它使在沙漠中部发展大型绿色农场成为可能。前面有ne f，所以用复数名词，故填inventins。
（4）考查it的用法。句意：也许最有益的创新之一是滴灌技术，它使在沙漠中部发展大型绿色农场成为可能。不定式作宾语，后跟形容词作宾补，所以用it作形式宾语，故填it。
（5）考查连词。句意：虽然过去在不同的地方已经进行了使滴灌成为现实的试验，但滴灌在中东的以色列取得了现代的成功。表示"虽然"，引导让步状语从句，故填While/Althugh/Thugh。
（6）考查强调句。句意：虽然过去在不同的地方已经进行了使滴灌成为现实的试验，但滴灌在中东的以色列取得了现代的成功。本句为强调句it is+被强调部分+that，此处强调了地点状语，故填that。
（7）考查冠词。句意：虽然过去在不同的地方已经进行了使滴灌成为现实的试验，但滴灌在中东的以色列取得了现代的成功。泛指一个，所以用不定冠词，故填a。
（8）考查介词。句意：通过滴灌，农民现在可以在不需要太多水的干旱土地上种植庄稼。表示"没有"，后跟名词，所以用介词，故填withut。
（9）考查比较级。句意：这种灌溉方法比其他方法用水量少得多。后面有than，所以用比较级，故填less。
（10）考查现在分词。句意：有限和集中使用适量的水也可以减少杂草和害虫的水分，防止它们伤害庄稼。指代前面句子的直接结果，所以用现在分词作结果状语，故填keeping。
农业发展迅速。现代科学技术帮助极大地减少了从事农业所需的繁重劳动。本文介绍了最有益的创新之一---滴灌技术。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
37.【答案】Staying Safe n the InternetWith the internet arund us,we can get in tuch with each ther much easier.Hwever,it has brught t us dangers as well.S it is very imprtant t stay safe n the internet.Here are sme tips I'd like t share.（点明主题）
First,make sure yu have privacy setting fully enabled,which will guard against yur persnal infrmatin frm being stlen.【高分句型一】Then,avid questinable websites.In this way yu can keep away frm infrmatin that makes yu uncmfrtable.【高分句型二】（具体建议）
Online safety has becme a matter f great cncern.Let's think befre click.（呼吁）
【解析】高分句型一：First,make sure yu have privacy setting fully enabled,which will guard against yur persnal infrmatin frm being stlen.
翻译：首先，确保您完全启用了隐私设置，这将防止您的个人信息被盗。
分析：本句使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
高分句型二：In this way yu can keep away frm infrmatin that makes yu uncmfrtable.
翻译：这样你就可以远离那些让你不舒服的信息。
分析：本句使用了that引导的定语从句。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
38.【答案】Paragraph 1：
Tm nticed the flame （火焰） was reaching up.Frzen with fear,he std rted t the spt.He cmprehended the gravity f the situatin and held Jane's hand tightly.Bth f them were cughing and their eyes were stinging.Time seemed t stand still,thugh they were prbably there fr nly tw r three minutes. 【高分句型一】Tm begged Jane t run fr safety as quickly as pssible.Jane tried t shield her nse frm the chking smke and shk her head.She kept punding against the dr.Tm burst ut crying.（汤姆和简不知到如何脱困）
Paragraph 2：
Luckily,sme neighbrs passing by stpped and ffered help.A sense f strength immediately replaced the munting fear and anxiety in Jane's mind.She tld them Ms.Makcik must be still in the rm.They frced the dr pen with all their might.Sure enugh,Makcik was lying in bed,uncnscius.She was carried dwnstairs and then rushed t the hspital,where she finally came t herself. 【高分句型二】Peple in the neighbrhd felt relieved and Jane and Tm were very happy.（邻居们救了汤姆和简以及昏迷的马克西克）
【解析】高分句型一
Time seemed t stand still,thugh they were prbably there fr nly tw r three minutes.
分析：句子里，thugh引导让步状语从句 they were prbably there fr nly tw r three minutes.
翻译：时间到了似乎静止了，尽管他们可能只在那里呆了两三天几分钟。
高分句型二
She was carried dwnstairs and then rushed t the hspital,where she finally came t herself.
分析：句子里，修饰先行词the hspital,关系词where引导非限制性定语从句 she finally came t herself.
翻译：她被抬下楼，然后冲向医院，在医院她最终苏醒了。
读后续写的解题思路
1．通读全文，读懂原文
通读全文首先要解决好五个 W 和一个 H 的问题，即理清人物 wh、地点 where、时间 when、事件 what、原因 why 及怎样发展 hw.在通读全文时，考生应将影响语义理解的词句进行仔细揣摩，结合上下文推测出它的准确含义。
2．构思情节，谋篇布局
按照原文中事件发生的逻辑性，构思好情节发展，这个发展须符合情节内在的逻辑。因为这不是写科幻小说，不是写神话，因此应该符合现实发生的真实性。所以这个环节的主要任务是谋篇布局。布局谋篇最关键应利用好续写部分所给的两段落的首句。
3．理清逻辑，优化语言
这一部分侧重点为语言逻辑，写作不必追求高大上的词汇，相反，朴实自然、地道、贴切的词语便是好的词语，不同的写作对象应采用不同的语言风格，必须采用适当的描写侧重点（比如侧重动作描写或是侧重心理描写），续写要抓住续这一核心，按照情节的发展进行延续，写作手法上必须以叙为主，描写上以动作描写为重心，情节的发展合乎逻辑地推进。