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英语必修 第二册Unit 3 The internet教学演示ppt课件
展开Sectin Ⅱ Discvering Useful Structures
现在完成时的被动语态语法导图
语法讲练现在完成时的被动语态一、现在完成时的被动语态的结构
D 典例呈现The newly-built hspitals have been clsed dwn after mre than 12,000 patients have been treated successfully.在12 000多名病人得到成功治疗后,新建的医院已经关闭。As far as I knw,this bk hasn't been translated int Chinese yet.就我所知,这本书还没有被译成中文。Have the new bking systems fr tickets been used?新的订票系统已经被使用了吗?Hw lng has the battery f the hearing aid nt been changed?助听器的电池多久没有更换了?
J 即学即练1句型转换After mre than a mnth's hard fight,China has prevented the disease frm spreading acrss the whle cuntry.(1)After mre than a mnth's hard fight, the disease ________________ frm spreading acrss the whle cuntry.(改为被动语态)(2)After mre than a mnth's hard fight,the disease ________________________ frm spreading acrss the whle cuntry.(把句(1)改为否定句)
has been prevented
hasn't been prevented
(3)______ the disease _________________ frm spreading acrss the whle cuntry after mre than a mnth's hard fight?(把句(1)改为一般疑问句)(4)__________________________ frm spreading acrss the whle cuntry after mre than a mnth's hard fight?(对句(1)就the disease进行提问)
been prevented
What has been prevented
二、现在完成时的被动语态的用法1.表示被动的动作在说话之前已经完成,强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果。通常与already, yet, never, recently等副词及时间状语s far,by nw,up till nw,befre...等连用
D 典例呈现The bk The little Prince has been translated int many languages.《小王子》一书被译成多种语言。These flwers have already been watered up t nw, s yu can g hme.这些花目前已经浇过水了,你可以回家了。Nt a bk in the library has been taken away.图书馆里的书没有一本被人拿走。Enugh has been said here n this questin f cyberbullying.关于网络霸凌这个问题,这里已经谈得不少了。
2.表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去,持续到现在,并有可能持续下去。常与fr或since引导的时间状语连用,或用于Hw lng...?句型中D 典例呈现The prblem f the water pllutin in this area has been discussed fr nearly tw weeks.这个地区的水污染问题已经讨论了近两个星期了。Hw lng has the smart watch been used?这个智能手表已经使用了多久?
3.用在时间或条件等状语从句中,表示将来某时已被完成的动作,即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态D 典例呈现Yu shuldn't leave schl befre yur hmewrk has been finished.在你的作业没完成之前你不应该离开学校。
J 即学即练2用所给动词的适当形式填空(1)Many f the wrld's greatest cities __________________(build) n the banks f a river.(2)The washing machine ____________________(repair) fr tw hurs.(3)The father, alng with his fur children, has gne t Hangzhu.When they will be back _____________________(fix).
have been built
has been repaired
has nt been fixed
三、现在完成时的被动语态的注意事项1.与一般过去时的被动语态的区别一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作或状态与现在的情况没有联系,而现在完成时的被动语态则强调与现在情况的联系。D 典例呈现The bridge, jined t the tw separate islands, was built last year.这座连接了两个独立岛屿的桥是去年建造的。The bridge,jined t the tw separate islands,has been built.这座连接到两个独立岛屿的桥已经建成。
2.非延续性动词的被动语态的特殊变化非延续性动词如brrw,finish,begin,start,buy,marry,pen,jin等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思,则要改换动词或时态。
D 典例呈现The wrk was finished tw weeks ag.这项工作于两周前被完成。The wrk has been finished.这项工作已经被完成。A great many cities ff the cast f China have been pened t freign cuntries.许多中国沿海城市已经对外开放。
3.带有复合宾语的动词的被动语态变为被动语态时,只能将宾语变为主语,原来的宾补改为主语补足语。注意:原来作宾补的省略t的不定式在被动语态中要用带t的不定式。D 典例呈现I have tld my friends t help yu.我已经告诉我的朋友帮助你。→My friends have been tld t help yu.我的朋友被告知要帮助你。
The teacher has allwed the students t hand in their papers later than expected.老师允许学生迟交论文。→The students have been allwed t hand in their papers later than expected.学生们被允许迟交论文。
4.带有双宾语动词的被动语态如give, send, bring, take, teach, shw, tell, make, sing, write, read, sell, buy, pay, lend, pass, prmise等,变为被动语态时,一般将间接宾语变为被动语态的主语,若将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语时,间接宾语前面要用相应的介词。D 典例呈现The teacher has given the new by the textbk.老师给了新来的男孩教科书。→The new by has been given the textbk.这新来的男孩被给了教科书。
→The textbk has been given t the new by.教科书已给了这个新来的男孩。The cmpany has given him a chance t wrk abrad recently.最近公司给了他一个出国的机会。→He has been given a chance t wrk abrad recently(by the cmpany).最近他被公司给了一个出国工作的机会。→A chance t wrk abrad has been given t him recently(by the cmpany).最近一个出国工作的机会被公司给了他。
5.带动词短语的被动语态是一个不可分割的整体,在被动语态中要保持完整性,其中的介词或副词不可省略。D 典例呈现It is said that the case f breaking the windws f cars has been lked int.据说打破车窗的案子已经调查过了。Quite a few tall buildings have been put up in the last tw years.过去两年里建了不少高楼。
J 即学即练3用被动语态改写句子(1)With the help f high technlgy, we have discvered mre and mre new substances in the past few years.→____________________________________________________________________________________________________________(2)My pen friend in America has sent me an e-mail by nw.→______________________________________________________________________
With the help f high technlgy,mre and mre new substances have been discvered in the past few years.
An e-mail frm my pen friend in America has been sent t me by nw.
(3)They have asked him sme difficult questins.→______________________________________________________(4)Tm has given me tw tickets fr the new play.Wuld yu like t g with me?→_______________________________________________________________________________(5)His parents has made the yung by wrk hard at schl.→________________________________________________________
He has been asked sme difficult questins by them.
I have been given tw tickets fr the new play.Wuld yu like t g with me?
The yung by has been made t wrk hard at schl by his parents.
专项练习Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.In the last few years thusands f films ____________________ (prduce) all ver the wrld.2.Shakespeare's play Hamlet ________________(make) int at least ten different films ver the past years.3.S far abut five thusand trees ____________________(plant) arund ur village.
have been prduced
has been made
have been planted
4.The diamnd mine _________________(discver) accidentally by a little by when he was playing hide-and-seek.5.Great changes _____________(take) place in the past 10 years.6.Althugh bth sides have been making effrts, n cnclusin _________________(draw) up t nw.7.That bk ______________________(translate) int at least 20 freign languages in the last 10 years.8.It's the first time that the ld cmputer ___________________ (check) since I bught it.
was discvered
have taken
has been drawn
has been translated
has been checked
9.D yu knw anyne that _______________(put) int space rckets and _______(send) t explre the Mn and Mars since last century?10.We are glad t be tld that Li Ta ____________________(admit) t Fudan University fr his tp scre in the Maths Cntest.
has been put
has been admitted
Ⅱ.根据汉语提示完成句子1.Hw many wrkers _________________(已派遣) t build the railway?2.—Why des Mary lk s unhappy?—Because she ______________________(被嘲笑) by her classmates.3.It is said that the huse _______________________(闯进了) by tw thieves.4.The tw pens ___________________________(未被拿走) by him.5.Where has the televisin ________________(被修理了)?
have been sent
has been laughed at
has been brken int
have nt been taken away
been repaired
6.The price f a clr TV set ________________________(降价了) again.7.What ______________________(已被译成) int many freign languages?8.The buildings ______________________(已经被毁) in the earthquake.9.The prblem ______________________(尚未被解决) by us yet.10.The cmputers _______________________(已被赠送) t a lcal schl by the cmpany.
has been brught dwn
has been translated
have been destryed
has nt been slved
have been given away
Ⅲ.语法主题应用李明和林涛在新学期第一天见面,他们在谈论那个城市地震一年后的情况。请根据语境,用相应的时态完成下面对话。Li Ming:Hi,Lin Ta. Hw nice t see yu n the first day f the new term!Lin Ta:Yes. Nice t see yu again.Li Ming:I knw that yur parents _____________________(wrk) in that city fr abut a year. Can yu tell me smething abut it after the earthquake?
1.have been wrking
Lin Ta:Of curse. Since the earthquake ____________(happen), many sldiers __________________(send) there, and many kinds f supplies(物资供应) _____________________(carry) there frm all ver the cuntry. Nw, mst peple there ___________________(live) a happy life again.Li Ming:Hw abut the schls there?Lin Ta:Several new schls ____________________(set up) and als sme schls which ________________(damage) in the earthquake _____________________(rebuild). S all the students can g back t schl t study nw.
2.happened
3.have been sent
4.have been carried
5.live/are living
6.have been set up
7.were damaged
8.have been rebuilt
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