广东省惠州市实验中学2022-2023学年高一下学期6月考英语试题（解析版）

惠州市实验中学2022级高一下6月考试题

英语科

第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)

第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的入、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

50 of the Most Charming Small Towns in America

Explore the hidden gems of each state: towns with quaint shops and restaurants, fascinating histories, fun experiences and natural beauty.

Eureka Springs, Arkansas

Named one of a “Dozen Distinctive Destinations” by the National Trust for Historic Preservation, Eureka Springs, Arkansas, is a secluded, peaceful town in the heart of the Ozarks. Magnificent Victorian homes built on cliffsides line its winding street, while its historic downtown area offers more than 100 shops and art galleries to explore.

Carmel, California

Officially known as Carmel-by-the-sea, Carmel is a world-renowned, 1-square-mile village on California’s central coast. It’s beloved for its fairytale-like cottages, as well as its upscale boutiques(精品店), art galleries, historic Carmel Mission Basilica, wineries and other attractions. Carmel Beach has been ranked as one of America’s top beach towns.

Mancos, Colorado

The spirit of the West is alive and well in Mancos, Colorado, where ranching is still a way of life. This community of about 1,600 sits just east of the entrance to Mesa Verde National Park, so it’s a great base for nature lovers and adventurers who like to ride horses, bike and hike. More than 150 artists and other creatives live in the area; their galleries line historic Main Street in the creative district. Book lovers, take note: This area was home to the late Western author, Louis L’ Amour.

Cartersville, Georgia

Discover dinosaurs and fine Western art in Cartersville, Georgia, located about 50 minutes from Atlanta. Its world-class Tellus Science Museum houses permanent galleries of minerals, fossils, transportation technology and much more, while the Booth Western Art Museum is the world’s largest permanent exhibition space for Western art. After browsing the museums, visit Cartersville’s historic downtown and take a selfie in front of the first painted wall ad for Coca-Cola.

1. What is special about Magnificent Victorian homes?

A. They line straight streets. B. They are located in cliff areas.

C. They lie in the creative district. D. They are fairytale-like cottages.

2. Which town will you choose if you want to take adventures?

A. Mancos, Colorado. B. Carmel, California.

C. Cartersville, Georgia. D. Eureka Springs, Arkansas.

3. What do the four towns have in common?

A. They are close to the sea. B. They are connected with art.

C. They are suitable for the book lovers. D. They offer chances to explore amazing histories.

【答案】1. B    2. A    3. D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了美国迷人的四个小镇。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据 Eureka Springs, Arkansas部分的“Magnificent Victorian homes built on cliffsides line its winding street, while its historic downtown area offers more than 100 shops and art galleries to explore.(蜿蜒的街道两旁是建于悬崖边的宏伟的维多利亚式房屋，而其历史悠久的市中心地区有100多家商店和艺术画廊可供探索)”可知，宏伟的维多利亚式住宅的特别之处是它们位于悬崖地带。故选B。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据 Mancos, Colorado部分中“This community of about 1,600 sits just east of the entrance to Mesa Verde National Park, so it’s a great base for nature lovers and adventurers who like to ride horses, bike and hike.(这个大约有1600人的社区坐落在梅萨维德国家公园入口的东边，所以对于喜欢骑马、骑车和徒步旅行的自然爱好者和冒险家来说，这里是一个很好的基地)”可知，如果你想去冒险，你可以选择科罗拉多州曼科斯。故选A。

【3题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段“Explore the hidden gems of each state: towns with quaint shops and restaurants, fascinating histories, fun experiences and natural beauty.(探索每个州隐藏的宝石：古镇古色古香的商店和餐馆，迷人的历史，有趣的体验和自然美景)”可知，这四个城镇是共同之处是都提供了探索神奇历史的机会。故选D。

B

In spring 2015, after 39 years with Columbia Pictures, I retired and found myself with lots of free time to spare.

I decided to use that time to volunteer. While tutoring with the adult literacy(识字)program at my local library, a flyer (传单)for a neighborhood group called Westchester Villages caught my eye. Its main job is about matching aging neighbors with local volunteers who help them in a number of different ways: Making short visits, being a walking partner, or driving to doctors’ appointments and the like.

I am happy to offer myself as a responsible person and a comfort to someone who is nervous about their appointment and concerned about getting there safely on time. I’m usually available to stay with the person I’m driving during their visit and accompany them back to my car for the ride home. These drives also can be ideal times for relaxing conversation. I’ve had many discussions with them, discovered many common interests, and heard numerous extended stories of past travels and family histories.

I often begin rides by reassuring(使放心)a nervous neighbor by calmly saying, “I know where we’re going, the most direct route, and the best place to park. You’re in good hands with me.” These driving experiences also have afforded me opportunities for reflection and insight. I’ve come to feel united with the neighbors I have come to know, and a keener awareness of the aging process we all share. In living through so much time with them, I realize I’m going through the same stages.

A final irony(讽刺)for this movie lover is that I no longer need to go to a darkened theatre and gaze at a big screen in search of high drama. Whether it’s a World War II-era family story or anxiety about current events or good news from a doctor, I experience all from a decidedly front row seat.

4. What did the author decide to do during his free time?

A. Work for the local library.

B. Give rides for aging neighbors.

C. Offer neighbors medical care.

D. Teach adults in a neighborhood.

5. Which of the following can best describe the author?

A. Creative and capable. B. Devoted and considerate.

C. Talented and hard-working. D. Ambitious and warm-hearted.

6. What might the author’s driving experiences remind him of?

A. Passengers’ words of comfort.

B. The value of conversations.

C. A driver’s responsibility.

D. His own aging process.

7. What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A. The author has been anxious about his health.

B. The author has no interest in dramas anymore.

C. The author has found a new way of experiencing life.

D. The author prefers watching movies from a front row.

【答案】4. B    5. B    6. D    7. C

【解析】

【导语】本文是记叙文。通过讲述作者作为志愿者帮助老人的经历，让他找到了一种新的生活体验方式。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中“In spring 2015, after 39 years with Columbia Pictures, I retired and found myself with lots of free time to spare.(2015年春天，在哥伦比亚电影公司工作了39年之后，我退休了，发现自己有很多空闲时间)”和第三段中“I am happy to offer myself as a responsible person and a comfort to someone who is nervous about their appointment and concerned about getting there safely on time. I’m usually available to stay with the person I’m driving during their visit and accompany them back to my car for the ride home. These drives also can be ideal times for relaxing conversation.(我很高兴自己是一个负责任的人，并为那些对预约感到紧张并担心能否安全准时到达的人提供安慰。在他们去看医生期间，我通常可以陪在他们身边，并陪他们上车回家。这些车程也可以是放松谈话的理想时间)”可知，作者决定在他的空闲时间给年迈的邻居提供免费搭车服务。故选B项。

【5题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段中“I am happy to offer myself as a responsible person and a comfort to someone who is nervous about their appointment and concerned about getting there safely on time.  I’m usually available to stay with the person I’m driving during their visit and accompany them back to my car for the ride home.(我很高兴自己是一个负责任的人，并为那些对预约感到紧张并担心能否安全准时到达的人提供安慰。在他们去看医生期间，我通常可以陪在他们身边，并陪他们上车回家)”和第四段“I often begin rides by reassuring (使放心) a nervous neighbor by calmly saying, “I know where we’re going, the most direct route, and the best place to park. You’re in good hands with me.”(开车之前，我经常安抚紧张的邻居，平静地说:“我知道我们要去哪里，最直接的路线，最好的停车地点。”有我在，你会得到很好的照顾。”)”可推知，作者是全心投入到志愿者工作中，同时对老人也是非常体贴。故选B项。

【6题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段中“These driving experiences also have afforded me opportunities for reflection and insight.  I’ve come to feel united with the neighbors I have come to know, and a keener awareness of the aging process we all share.  In living through so much time with them, I realize I’m going through the same stages.(这些驾驶经历也给了我反思和洞察的机会。我开始感觉到我和我所认识的邻居们团结在一起，并且更加敏锐地意识到我们共同的衰老过程。和他们一起生活了这么长时间，我意识到我也在经历同样的阶段)”可知，作者的驾驶经历会让他想到自己的衰老过程。故选D项。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段中“A final irony for this movie lover is that I no longer need to go to a darkened theatre and gaze at a big screen in search of high drama.  Whether it’s a World War II-era family story or anxiety about current events or good news from a doctor, I experience all from a decidedly front row seat.(对我这个电影爱好者来说，最后讽刺是，我再也不需要去昏暗的电影院，盯着大屏幕寻找精彩的剧情了。无论是第二次世界大战时期的家庭故事，还是对时事的焦虑，还是医生的好消息，我都是坐在前排体验的)”可知，作者通过客人身上的故事，找到了一种新的体验生活的方式。故选C项。

C

Black Friday refers to the day after Thanksgiving. On this day, crowds of shoppers flood into stores all over the country to take advantage of the season’s biggest holiday bargains. But the real story behind Black Friday is a bit complicated.

The most commonly repeated story behind the post-Thanksgiving shopping-related Black Friday tradition links it to retailers (零售商). As the story goes, after an entire year of operating at a loss, recorded in red ink, stores would supposedly earn a profit, marked in black ink, on the day after Thanksgiving, because holiday shoppers blew so much money on discounted products. Though it’s true that retail companies used to record losses in red and profits in black when doing their accounting, this version of Black Friday’s origin is not an accurate story behind the tradition.

The true story behind Black Friday, however, is not as sunny as retailers might have you believe. Back in the 1950s, police in the city of Philadelphia used the term to describe the chaos that happened on the day after Thanksgiving, when tens of thousands of suburban shoppers and tourists flooded into the city in advance of the big Army-Navy football game held on that Saturday every year. Not only would the police not be able to take the day off, but also they would have to work extra-long shifts dealing with the additional crowds and traffic.

The term didn’t spread to the rest of the country until much later, however, and as recently as 1985 it wasn’t in common use nationwide. Sometime in the late 1980s, however, retailers found a way to reinvent Black Friday and turn it into something that reflected positively on them and their customers. The result was the “red to black” concept mentioned earlier. The Black Friday story stuck, and pretty soon the term’s darker roots in Philadelphia were largely forgotten.

8. What is usually believed to be the origin of Black Friday?

A. The great profit retailers may gain. B. The way retailers do their accounting.

C. The much money shoppers spend. D. The biggest bargains on this day.

9. Why did police in Philadelphia refer to the day after Thanksgiving as Black Friday?

A. They had to compete with more shoppers for bargains.

B. They had to give up the big Army-Navy football game.

C. They had to work more hours to deal with the chaos.

D. They had to advance to suburb to fight against floods.

10. The retailers reinvent Black Friday in the late 1980s ________.

A. to attract more customers to shop B. to create the “red to black” concept

C. to make profits by this special event D. to change people’s impression of it

11. What is the purpose of writing the passage?

A. To introduce the real history of Black Friday.

B. To explain a term with various meanings.

C. To show the biggest shopping holiday in US.

D. To remind readers of a forgotten truth of red and black.

【答案】8. B    9. C    10. D    11. A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了“黑色星期五”背后的历史故事。

【8题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段“The most commonly repeated story behind the post-Thanksgiving shopping-related Black Friday tradition links it to retailers (零售 商). As the story goes, after an entire year of operating at a loss, recorded in red ink, stores would supposedly earn a profit, marked in black ink, on the day after Thanksgiving, because holiday shoppers blew so much money on discounted products.”（感恩节后购物相关的黑色星期五传统背后最常被重复的故事是，它与零售商有关。正如故事所说，在用红墨水记录的整整一年亏损后，商店应该会在感恩节后的第二天以黑墨水标记盈利，因为假日购物者在打折产品上花了太多钱）可知，人们通常认为“黑色星期五”的起源是零售商记账的方式。故选B项。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段“Not only would the police not be able to take the day off, but also they would have to work extra-long shifts dealing with the additional crowds and traffic.”（警察不仅不能休息一天，而且还必须加班加点，以应对额外的人群和交通）可知，为什么费城的警察把感恩节后的一天称为“黑色星期五”是因为他们不得不多工作几个小时来应付混乱局面。故选C项。

【10题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一段“Sometime in the late 1980s, however, retailers found a way to reinvent Black Friday and turn it into something that reflected positively on them and their customers.”（然而，在20世纪80年代末的某个时候，零售商们找到了一种重新创造黑色星期五的方法，把它变成了一种对他们和他们的顾客产生积极影响的东西）可知，20世纪80年代末，零售商重新创造了了黑色星期五，以改变人们对它的印象。故选D项。

【11题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段“But the real story behind Black Friday is a bit complicated.”（但黑色星期五背后的真实故事有点复杂）以及下文的具体叙述可知，写这篇文章的目的是介绍“黑色星期五”的真实历史。故选A项。

D

Should humans explore space? If you ask me, I’ll definitely give a positive answer.

The exploitation (开发) of space has a direct impact on the lives of humans, as well as the state of our world. Satellites moving around the earth enable communication across the world. connecting people of different continents and broadcasting information worldwide. The Global Positioning System (GPS) can identify our location anywhere. Furthermore, weather satellites can forecast harmful weather conditions which allows humans to prepare for deadly natural disasters and save lives.

Space programs can also indirectly contribute to the solution to poverty and world hunger. For example, large plots of land could be used far better if humans applied technologies. The most effective tool is the artificial earth satellite. It can screen areas of land within a very short time, indicating useful measures such as the condition of crops, soil rainfall, and droughts. It can then transmit this information to ground stations on the earth for better use.

In recent years, space-based technologies have become an important factor to reach and expand global health objectives. Information provided by remote technologies can be applied to study the epidemiology (流行病学). This data provided by space technologies can monitor disease patterns, understand the environmental causes that spread it, make predictions about where it can spread in the future, and make plans to fight it efficiently.

Furthermore, access to better education means better life prospects and opportunities for human beings. Rural communities have disadvantaged access to education and satellite communication technologies are trying to bridge this gap. With the advancement of technology, students can now access any information and connect with peers and teachers in different parts of the world via video conferences and the creation of virtual classrooms.

Space exploration is something we can do for future generations. Mankind is using the resources provided on the planet, but these will run out one day. Overpopulation can be an existential threat for all mankind. With the advancement of space technology, it will be wise to use and explore the vast potential of other planets, such as the availability of mining resources on asteroids or other planets.

For the exploration of the universe, perhaps the most advantageous of all is that it will unite us to work together for a common purpose, regardless of our differences.

12. What can space exploitation do according to Paragraph 2?

A. Improve the traffic on the earth. B. Promote travel between countries.

C. Help prevent deadly natural disasters. D. Help humans communicate and exchange information.

13. How can space programs help with poverty and world hunger?

A. By benefiting crop production with artificial earth satellites.

B. By transporting food worldwide more easily.

C. By creating job opportunities for the poor.

D. By protecting available land resources.

14. What does the author think of mining resources on other planets?

A. Time-wasting B. Arguable. C. Necessary. D. Educational

15. What would be the best title for the text?

A. Why Space Exploration Is Important?

B. Why Humankind Should Keep Exploring?

C. Why We Should Improve Space Technology?

D. Why Humans Should Keep Developing Technologies?

【答案】12. D    13. A    14. C    15. A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要讲的是人类是否应该探索太空为此话题而展开的讨论，论述了探索太空的重要性。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段“The space exploration has a direct impact on the lives of humans, as well as the state of our world. Satellites moving around the earth enable communication across the world, connecting people of different continents and broadcasting information worldwide.   The Global Positioning System(GPS) can identify our location anywhere. Furthermore, weather satellites can forecast harmful weather conditions, which allows humans to prepare for deadly natural disasters and save lives.”（太空探索直接影响着人类的生活，也影响着我们这个世界的现状。环绕地球运行的卫星使全世界的通信成为可能，将不同大陆的人们联系起来，向全世界广播信息。全球定位系统(GPS)可以在任何地方确定我们的位置。此外，气象卫星可以预测有害的天气状况，这使人类能够为致命的自然灾害做好准备，挽救生命。）可知，根据第二段，太空探索可以帮助人类交流和传播信息。故选D。

【13题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段“Space programs can also indirectly lead to the solution to poverty and world hunger. For example, large plots of land could be used far better if humans applied technologies. The most effective tool is the artificial earth satellite. It can screen areas of land within a very short time, indicating useful measures, such as the condition of crops, soil, rainfall, and droughts. It can then transmit this information to ground stations on the earth for better use.”（太空计划还可以间接地解决贫困和世界饥饿问题。例如，如果人类应用技术，大片土地可以得到更好地利用。最有效的工具是人造地球卫星。它可以在很短的时间内筛选土地面积，显示有用的措施，如作物状况、土壤、降雨和干旱。然后，它可以将这些信息传输到地球上的地面站，以便更好地使用。）可知，太空计划利用人造地球卫星造福农作物生产来帮助解决贫困和世界饥饿问题。故选A。

【14题详解】

推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“With the advancement of space technology, it will be wise to use and explore the vast potential of other planets, such as the availability of mining resources on asteroids or other planets.”（随着太空技术的进步，利用和探索其他行星的巨大潜力将是明智的，例如小行星或其他行星上的采矿资源的可用性。）可推知，作者对在其他星球上开采资源这一行为认为是有必要的。故选C。

【15题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一段“Should humans explore space? If you ask me, I’ll definitely give a positive answer.(人类应该探索太空吗？如果你问我，我一定会给你肯定的答复)”以及最后一段“For the exploration of the universe, perhaps the most advantageous of all is that it will unite us to work together for a common purpose, regardless of our differences.(对于宇宙的探索来说，也许最有利的是它将把我们团结起来，为了一个共同的目标而努力，不管我们有什么分歧)”结合文章主要讲的是人类是否应该探索太空为此话题而展开的讨论，论述了探索太空的重要性。可知，A选项“为什么太空探索很重要？”最符合文章标题。故选A。

第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

It's a long debated topic ：Which is more effective, group studying or studying alone?

We've all experienced getting together with classmates to study for an upcoming exam and spending the entire time talking or joking around. ____16____ So if you are the one who can be so distracting, it's strongly recommended that you should study alone. The following are some benefits of studying alone.

1. Minimum distractions

When you lock yourself away in your room, there tend to be less distractions than when you are studying in a group. ____17____ There are literally no distractions, unless you1 re the one who feels the need to clean everything when you study.

2. Personal study environment

____18____ You may require classical music, a comfortable room, and a cup of tea while you study. Someone else may require complete silence, and no snacks at all. Studying alone allows you to set the perfect study environment so you get the most out of studying. ____19____ Some students learn best with flashcards, while others learn best when they reread chapters. Find your learning style, and you can get better results.

3. Personalized learning content

____20____ Only when you study alone, you ‘ re able to focus on exactly those topics. It's easy to look over the material you1 re already familiar with. The hard part of studying is to learn what you don't understand.

A. You can learn whatever you like.

B. Nobody is moving around or talking near you.

C. That is what you can’t achieve in group studying.

D. Everyone is different, which means everyone learns differently.

E There may be some topics in class that you really need to work on.

F. You leave the group without accomplishing anything to get you ready for your exam.

G. Studying alone also allows you to use the study strategies that are the most effective for your learning style.

【答案】16. F    17. B    18. D    19. G    20. E

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要谈论的话题是“小组学习和单独学习哪个更有效？”。

【16题详解】

根据上文“We’ve all experienced getting together with classmates to study for an upcoming exam and spending the entire time talking or joking around.”（我们都经历过与同学聚在一起为即将到来的考试而学习，一直在谈论或开玩笑。）可知，和朋友们聚在一起，一直在谈论或者开玩笑，就会导致没有完成学习任务。F项“You leave the group without accomplishing anything to get you ready for your exam. ”（你没有完成任何准备考试的工作就离开了小组。）正是以上行为导致的结果，承接上文，引出下文的结论“So if you are the one who can be so distracting, it's strongly recommended that you should study alone. ”(所以，如果你是那种会分心的人，强烈建议你应该独自学习。)，与上文是因果关系。故选F项。

【17题详解】

根据上文“When you lock yourself away in your room, there tend to be less distractions than when you are studying in a group.”（当你把自己锁在房间里时，分心往往比在小组中学习时少。）可知，当把自己锁在房间时，比小组学习分心少，因此推断是因为没人打扰你的学习。B项“Nobody is moving around or talking near you.”（没有人在你附近走动或说话。）承接上文，故选B项。

【18题详解】

根据下文“You may require classical music, a comfortable room, and a cup of tea while you study. Someone else may require complete silence, and no snacks at all.”（学习时，你可能需要古典音乐、舒适的房间和一杯茶。其他人可能需要完全保持沉默，并且根本不吃零食。）可知，该段讲述的是不同的人需要不同的学习环境和方式。D项“Everyone is different, which means everyone learns differently.”（每个人都不一样，这意味着每个人的学习方式都不一样。）正是对于本段内容的概括，故选D项。

【19题详解】

根据上文“Studying alone allows you to set the perfect study environment so you get the most out of studying.”（独自学习可以让您拥有完美的学习环境，从而可以充分利用学习。）可知，本句讲解的是“独自学习的好处”。G项“Studying alone also allows you to use the study strategies that are the most effective for your learning style.”（独自学习还可以让您使用对您的学习方式最有效的学习策略。）也是讲解“独自学习的好处”，且also和Studying alone与上文呼应，故选G项。

【20题详解】

根据小标题“Personalized learning content”（个性化学习内容）可知，本段主要介绍学习内容。E项“There may be some topics in class that you really need to work on.”（课堂上可能有一些你真正需要学习的主题。）符合本段段落大意，且some topics与下文的those topics相呼应，故选E项。

第二部分 语言运用 (共五节，满分80分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给A、B、C、D的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

The fourth-graders walk up to a mirror — one after another — at a school in southwest Atlanta.

“I’m a good person!” a boy ___21___ a face mask adds.

Another boy follows, “I’m strong and ___22___,” before hurriedly walking away. In the background, their teacher, Acker, holds up the mirror in front of the kids and ___23___ them on. “Yes! Louder! Love it!” she calls out.

Acker teaches science at Gideons Elementary School, and she’s on a ___24___ to boost her students’ confidence and ___25___. The kids returned to school this month after a year of virtual learning, and said their ___26___ words every morning before class starts.

Acker ___27___ this with her 5-year-old daughter since she developed verbal language skills, and loved how they both felt ___28___. “The best part about doing the affirmations is the feeling after I say them,” Acker says. “And the feeling I see my students feel or that they ___29___ after they do it. Their attitude is better, their self-confidence is ____30____ and we have a better day.”

Mental health issues are ____31____ among children nationwide as they struggle with ____32____, uncertainty and pandemic. Many adults report that the pandemic has been hard on their mental health. For kids, some experts say, it has become a(n) ____33____.

And more so this year, kids “need all of the kindness and compassion we can ____34____,” says Dr. Marcuetta, a psychologist.

Children develop their ____35____ based on how grown-ups speak to them, making teachers a key influence and positive affirmation a crucial first step, she adds.

21. A. playing B. wearing C. making D. finding

22. A. mean B. indifferent C. independent D. common

23. A. keeps B. fixes C. calls D. cheers

24. A. promise B. mission C. way D. permission

25. A. self-love B. sympathy C. self-discipline D. wisdom

26. A. surprising B. positive C. unique D. unreliable

27. A. denied B. shared C. practiced D. concluded

28. A. afterward B. forward C. eventually D. initially

29. A. express B. reply C. create D. question

30. A. suspected B. checked C. lifted D. separated

31. A. rising B. improving C. moving D. leading

32. A. personality B. imagination C. curiosity D. anxiety

33. A. opportunity B. success C. choice D. crisis

34. A. think B. offer C. rid D. hide

35. A. languages B. arguments C. doubts D. beliefs

【答案】21. B    22. C    23. D    24. B    25. A    26. B    27. C    28. A    29. A    30. C    31. A    32. D    33. D    34. B    35. D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Gideons小学的科学老师Acker每天早上上课之前都让学生对着镜子做自我肯定，这样能增加学生的自信和自爱。专家认为，现在疫情原因，孩子们的身心健康受到很大影响，孩子们更加需要我们大人多给他们一些善意和同情。

【21题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我是个好人！”一个戴着口罩的男孩补充道。A. playing玩；B. wearing穿；戴着；C. making制作；D. finding找到。由下文“a mask”和第六空前面“The kids returned to school this month after a year of virtual learning”可知，受疫情影响，学生线上上课近一年后返校，所以此处指男孩戴着口罩，故选B。

【22题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：另一个男孩跟着说: “我很强壮，也很独立。”然后匆匆走开了。A. mean吝啬的；B. indifferent漠不关心的；C. independent独立的；D. common共同的；普通的。由上文“I’m strong”可知，此处是小男孩在说自己的优点，很强壮，也很独立，故选C。

【23题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：在后面，他们的老师Aker在孩子们面前举起镜子，为他们加油。A. keeps保持；B. fixes固定；修理；C. calls打电话；D. cheers欢呼；喝彩。由下文““Yes! Louder! Love it!” she calls out.”可知，老师让孩子们大声说，并对孩子的做法作出肯定，这是老师在给孩子们加油，故选D。

【24题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：Acker在Gideons小学教科学，她的职责是提高学生的自信和自爱。A. promise承诺；B. mission职责；使命；C. way方法；D. permission允许。由下文“to boost her students’ confidence”可知，提高学生的自信，是Acker老师的职责，故选B。

【25题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：Acker在Gideons小学教科学，她的职责是提高学生的自信和自爱。A. self-love自爱；自恋；B. sympathy同情心；C. self-discipline自律；D. wisdom智慧。由上文“to boost her students’ confidence and”和第一段提到的孩子们对着镜子说的话“I’m a good person!”，“I’m strong”可知，孩子们对着镜子说“我是个好人，我很强壮”这些话，能让孩子增加自信，也能让孩子更加爱自己，故选A。

【26题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在线上学习了一年之后，这些孩子们这个月回到了学校，每天早上上课前都会说一些积极的话。A. surprising令人惊讶的；B. positive积极的；C. unique独一无二的；D. unreliable不可靠的。由上文提到的孩子们对着镜子说的话“I’m a good person!”，“I’m strong”可知，这些都是积极的话，说这些积极向上的话是为了增加孩子的自信，故选B。

【27题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从她5岁的女儿掌握了语言技能后，Acker就和她一起练习这个，并且她和女儿喜欢这之后他们所产生的感受。A. denied否认；B. shared分享；C. practiced练习；D. concluded总结。由下文“this with her 5-year-old daughter since she developed verbal language skills”可知，Acker在她5岁的女儿掌握了语言技能后，Acker就和她一起练习在镜子面前说一些肯定自己的话，故选C。

【28题详解】

考查副词词义辨析。句意：自从她5岁的女儿掌握了语言技能后，Acker就和她一起练习这个，并且她和女儿喜欢这之后他们所产生的感受。A. afterward后来；以后；B. forward向前；C. eventually最终；D. initially最初。由下文““The best part about doing the affirmations is the feeling after I say them,””可知，Acker很喜欢做自我肯定之后给自己带来的感觉，故选A。

【29题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：（做自我肯定之后最好的部分就是）我看到我的学生们有这种感觉，或者他们做完之后把这种感觉表现出来。A. express表达；表现；B. reply回复；C. create创造；D. question质询。由下文“Their attitude is better”可知，做自我肯定后孩子们的态度更好，这是他们做自我肯定后所表现出来的，故选A。

【30题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的态度更好了，他们的自信心提高了，我们的日子更好了。”A. suspected怀疑；B. checked检查；C. lifted提高；增加；D. separated使分离；分隔。由上文“Their attitude is better, their self-confidence is”和下文“we have a better day”可知，通过做自我肯定，学生们的自信心提高了，故选C。

【31题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：全国儿童的心理健康问题正在上升，因为他们正在与焦虑、不确定性和疫情作斗争。A. rising升起；B. improving提高；改善；C. moving移动；D. leading引领。由下文“Many adults report that the pandemic has been hard on their mental health.”可知，疫情对孩子的心里健康造成影响，所以说全国儿童的心理健康问题正在上升，故选A。

【32题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：全国儿童的心理健康问题正在上升，因为他们正在与焦虑、不确定性和疫情作斗争。A. personality个性；B. imagination想象力；C. curiosity好奇心；D. anxiety焦虑。由下文“Many adults report that the pandemic has been hard on their mental health.”可知，疫情对孩子的心里健康造成影响，所以说孩子们正在与焦虑，不确定性和疫情作斗争，故选D。

【33题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些专家说，对于孩子这已经成为一种危机。A. opportunity机会；B. success成功；C. choice选择；D. crisis危机。由上文“Many adults report that the pandemic has been hard on their mental health. For kids, some experts say, it has become a(n)”可知，疫情对孩子心里造成影响，这对于孩子来说是一种危机，故选D。

【34题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年更是如此，心理学家Marcuetta博士说，孩子们“需要我们所能提供的所有善意和同情”。A. think想；认为；B. offer提供；C. rid使摆脱；D. hide隐藏。由上文“kids “need all of the kindness and compassion we can”可知，孩子需要我们提供给他们一些善意和同情，故选B。

【35题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：她补充说，孩子们根据大人们对他们说话的方式来发展他们的信念，这就使得教师成为关键影响力和积极肯定的第一步。A. languages语言；B. arguments争论；C. doubts怀疑；D. beliefs信念。由下文“based on how grown-ups speak to them”可知，孩子们信念的养成是基于大人们对他们的说话方式。故选D。

第二节 语法填空1(共10小题;每小题1.5 分,满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

China’s space programme started later than those of Russia and the US,____36____it has made great progress in a short time. China became the third country in the world to_____37_____(independent) send humans into space in 2003, _____38_____Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk,____39____(follow) by the vehicle Jade Rabbit being sent to the moon to study____40____(it) surface. After that, China____41____ (launch) the Tiangong 2 space lab into space and Tianzhou 1 to dock____42____it. This signalled one step further in China’s plan____43____(establish) a space station in the future. On 8 December 2018, China sent Chang’e 4 to explore the surface of the far side of the moon to make measurements and____44____(observe). At the end of 2022, the construction of China's Space Station Tiangong was completed as Shenzhou 15 wrapped up its mission. However, some people argue that it is a waste of time and money_____45_____(explore)space. What’s your opinion on this?

【答案】36. but   

37. independently   

38. when    39. followed   

40. its    41. launched   

42. with    43. to establish   

44. observations   

45. exploring

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的太空计划起步晚于俄罗斯和美国，但在短时间内取得了巨大的进步。

【36题详解】

考查连词。句意：中国的太空计划起步晚于俄罗斯和美国，但在短时间内取得了巨大进展。前后句为转折关系，应用连词but表示这种关系。故填but。

【37题详解】

考查副词。句意：2003年，当杨利伟乘坐神舟五号飞船成功绕地球飞行时，中国成为世界上第三个独立将人类送入太空的国家。空格处修饰动词send，作状语，应用副词形式。故填independently。

【38题详解】

考查定语从句。句意：2003年，当杨利伟乘坐神舟五号飞船成功绕地球飞行时，中国成为世界上第三个独立将人类送入太空的国家。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词2003，在从句中作时间状语，只能用关系副词when引导。故填when。

【39题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：随后，神舟六号和七号完成了第二次载人轨道飞行和中国首次太空行走，随后玉兔号被送往月球研究其表面。completed是谓语，空格处应填非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语Shenzhou 6 and 7和动词follow之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填followed。

【40题详解】

考查代词。句意：随后，神舟六号和七号完成了第二次载人轨道飞行和中国首次太空行走，随后玉兔号被送往月球研究其表面。根据空格后的名词surface可知，空格处应填形容词性物主代词作定语，结合句意“它的”是its。故填its。

【41题详解】

考查动词时态。句意：之后，中国将天宫二号空间实验室送入太空，并将天舟一号与之对接。空格处作谓语，根据时间状语After that可知，应用一般过去时。故填launched。

【42题详解】

考查介词。句意：之后，中国将天宫二号空间实验室送入太空，并将天舟一号与之对接。dock with固定搭配，意为“与……对接”。故填with。

【43题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：这标志着中国未来建立空间站的计划又向前迈进了一步。名词plan后接动词不定式作后置定语；plan to do establish a space station“建立空间站的计划”。故填to establish。

【44题详解】

考查名词。句意：2018年12月8日，中国派出嫦娥四号探测月球背面进行测量和观测。根据and并列结构可知，空格处应填名词和measurements作make的并列宾语，可数名词observation意为“观测”，此处应用名词的复数形式与measurements保持一致。故填observations。

【45题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，一些人认为探索太空是浪费时间和金钱。it is a waste of time and money doing sth. 为固定句型，意为“浪费时间和金钱做某事”，it为形式主语，用动名词exploring作真正的主语。故填exploring。

第三节 短文语法填空2(共10小题;每小题1.5 分,满分15分)

阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Traditional Chinese culture is beginning to capture the attention of the world. Kung fu, _____46_____(especial), has had a great effect _____47_____ the millions of people who first learned about China through it. From that, they may come to China and learn about some other _____48_____(aspect) of this culture. Other Asian nations have long known about the _____49_____(great) of ancient Chinese culture. Their own cultures are _____50_____ mix of native ones and those Chinese characteristics. Korea and Japan long ago adopted Confucianism, something that continues today even as it _____51_____(challenge) by pop culture. This strength comes from the ideas _____52_____(give) in The Four Books of Confucianism, which built upon the ideas of an even _____53_____(much) ancient period codified (编纂) in The Five Classics. From them, the West learns _____54_____ is uniquely Chinese, for example, feng shui. So far China has taken steps ______55______(further) this spread of its culture by establishing Chinese Cultural Centers in such places as the United States and Europe.

【答案】46. especially   

47. on    48. aspects   

49. greatness   

50. a    51. is challenged   

52. given    53. more   

54. what    55. to further

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。以中国功夫为代表的中国文化正引起全世界的注意，世界各国对中国文化的兴趣越来越浓厚，我们也在采取措施进一步宣传中国文化。

【46题详解】

考查副词。句意：尤其是功夫，对数百万通过它第一次了解中国的人产生了巨大的影响。修饰整个句子应用副词especially，作状语。故填especially。

【47题详解】

考查介词。句意：尤其是功夫，对数百万通过它第一次了解中国的人产生了巨大的影响。结合句意表示“有巨大影响”可知，短语为have a great effect on。故填on。

【48题详解】

考查名词的数。句意：从那里，他们可能来到中国，了解这个文化的其他方面。aspect为可数名词，由other修饰，应用复数形式。故填aspects。

【49题详解】

考查名词。句意：其他亚洲国家早就知道中国古代文化的伟大。作宾语，表示“伟大”应用名词greatness。故填greatness。

【50题详解】

考查冠词。句意：他们自己的文化是本土文化和中国特色的混合体。mix为泛指，且发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。

【51题详解】

考查动词语态。句意：韩国和日本很久以前就接受了儒家思想，即使受到流行文化的挑战，这种思想也一直延续到今天。主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合today可知，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is challenged。

【52题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：这种力量来自于《四书》中的思想，《四书》建立在五经中更古老时期的思想之上。分析句子结构可知give在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语ideas构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填given。

【53题详解】

考查比较级。句意：这种力量来自于《四书》中的思想，《四书》建立在五经中更古老时期的思想之上。even用于修饰比较级。故填more。

【54题详解】

考查宾语从句。句意：西方从他们身上学到了中国的独特之处，比如风水。引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指事物。应用what。故填what。

【55题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：迄今为止，中国已采取措施，通过在美国和欧洲等地建立中国文化中心，进一步传播其文化。此处作目的状语，表示“进一步”。应用不定式。故填to further。

第四节单句语法填空(共10小题;每题1分,满分10分)

用所给词的适当形式填空。

56. Families______________(celebrate) the Lunar New Year can enjoy exciting dragon dances.(所给词适当形式填空)

【答案】celebrating

【解析】

【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：庆祝农历新年的家庭可以享受令人兴奋的舞龙活动。句中can enjoy是谓语，空处是非谓语，动词celebrate与其逻辑主语Families之间是主动关系，故用其现在分词作后置定语。故填celebrating。

57. ______________(fortunate), these mushrooms are poisonous and his body’s ability to fight against infection is affected. (所给词的适当形式填空)

【答案】Unfortunately

【解析】

【详解】考查副词。句意：不幸的是，这些蘑菇是有毒的，他的身体抵抗感染的能力受到了影响。副词作状语修饰句子，结合后文的“his body’s ability to fight against infection is affected. ”可知表示“不幸地”用unfortunately。置于句首，首字母大写。故填Unfortunately。

58. Mr. Brown, who is an operator,______________(receive)an operation yesterday and the operation was very successful. (所给词的适当形式填空)

【答案】received

【解析】

【详解】考查一般过去时。句意：身为操作员的布朗先生昨天接受了手术，手术非常成功。根据句中yesterday可知本句为一般过去时态，故填received。

59. The Naadam Festival______________(fall) on the fourth day of the sixth month of the lunar calendar, which usually, lasts for three days. (所给词的适当形式填空)

【答案】falls

【解析】

【详解】考查动词。句意：那达慕节在农历六月的第四天，通常持续三天。结合从句中的lasts可知表示经常性习惯性的动作，本句为一般现在时。主语The Naadam Festival单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填falls。

60. If______________(provide) with better training, she can do a really good job of showing her talent in comic art. (所给词的适当形式填空)

【答案】provided

【解析】

【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：如果得到更好的训练，她可以很好地展示自己在漫画艺术方面的天赋。本句为状语从句的省略，还原后为：If she is provided ,省略了 she is 。故填provided。

61. The most_______(significance) thing you should keep in mind is that most of the questions are easy if you make use of correct methods. （所给词的适当形式填空）

【答案】significant

【解析】

【详解】考查形容词。句意：你应该记住的最重要的一点是，如果你使用正确的方法，大多数问题都很容易回答。形容词significant意为“重要的”，修饰名词thing 作定语，此处填significance的形容词形式significant。故填significant。

62. It seemed that she had been very busy in her chosen career,______________(travel) abroad to study as well as writing books and articles. (所给词的适当形式填空)

【答案】traveling##travelling

【解析】

【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在她选择的职业中，她似乎一直很忙，既要出国留学，又要写书和文章。travel与现在分词writing是并列关系，也用现在分词traveling/travelling，作原因状语，与其逻辑主语she是主动关系。故填traveling/travelling。

63. There was story after story of how Jack, feeling______________(disappoint)after failure, carried on his research. (所给词的适当形式填空)

【答案】disappointed

【解析】

【详解】考查形容词。句意：杰克在失败后感到失望，如何继续他的研究，有一个又一个的故事。系动词feel后用形容词，作表语。表示“感到失望的”用disappointed。故填disappointed。

64. It was his patience and______________(determine) that made him succeed in improving English. (所给词的适当形式填空)

【答案】determination

【解析】

【详解】考查名词。句意：正是他的耐心和决心使他成功地提高了英语。determine与名词patience是并列关系，用名词形式determination作主语，放在强调结构it was...that中，意为“决心”，不可数名词。故填determination。

65. It is universally accepted that the beauty of the world lies in the______________(diverse)of its people. (所给词的适当形式填空)

【答案】diversity

【解析】

【详解】考查名词。句意：人们普遍认为世界之美在于其人们的多样性。定冠词the后和介词of前用名词形式。diverse的名词是diversity，用单数名词作宾语。故填diversity。

第五节 完成句子(共10空;每空1分,满分10分)

根据中文提示,补全下面的句子每空只能填写1个单词。

66. 他们不抱怨，相反，他们往往会乐观地对困境做出反应。

They rejected to____________, on the contrary, they____________to respond to dilemma positively.

【答案】    ①. complain    ②. tend

【解析】

【详解】考查动词。表示“抱怨”应用complain，且reject to do sth“拒绝做某事”，往往做某事tend to do sth.本句在描述经常性，习惯性发生的动作，为一般现在时。再结合句意。故填complain，tend。

67. 然而，最让他担心的是，农民经常粮食歉收，有时甚至严重缺乏食物。

However,____________concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious____________of food to eat.

【答案】    ①. what
    ②. shortage

【解析】

【详解】考查名词、主语从句。根据汉语提示，第一空处考查主语从句“最让他担心的”的连接词，根据句子结构，从句缺主语，设空处应用what引导主语从句；第二空为“缺乏”，表达为名词shortage，作had的宾语。故填：①what；②shortage。

68. 他向我道歉并承认错拿了我的钱包。

She apologised to me and____________ ____________my wallet by mistake.

【答案】    ①. admitted    ②. taking##having taken

【解析】

【详解】考查时态和动名词。根据 apologised可知，本句为一般过去时，“承认”为admit，承认做某事为admit doing sth或者admit having done。故填①admitted ②taking/having taken。

69. 过去的几十年里，科学技术给我们的生活带来了许多变化。

In the past several____________, science and technology have____________about many changes in our lives.

【答案】    ①. decades    ②. brought

【解析】

【详解】考查名词复数、时态。根据汉语提示和句意，第一空考查“十年”，表达为名词decade，several后接名词复数，第一空为decades；第二空考查“带来”，表达为动词短语bring about，根据时间状语in the past several decades，句子用现在完成时，助动词为have，设空处应用过去分词brought。故填：①decades；②brought。 　

70. 如果我们尽力回收废物，我们可以减少污染，保护自然资源。

If we try our best to____________the wastes, we can reduce pollution and conserve natural____________.

【答案】    ①. recycle    ②. resources

【解析】

【详解】考查动词和名词。try one’s best to do sth ，动词“回收”用recycle；资源为resource，为可数名词，泛指，用复数，作宾语。故填①recycle ②resources。

第三部分 写作（满分15分)

71. 假如你是李华，你的美国朋友Chris对中国的地理和历史非常感兴趣，特来信请你为他做介绍。现请你给他写封回信，介绍中国的概况。内容包括：

1.中国地理及概况；

2.中国的历史及其历史遗迹；

3.邀请他来中国游玩或学习。

注意：1.词数80左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3.开头与结语已为你写好。

Dear Chris,

How is everything going with you?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Looking forward to your coming.

Yours,

Li Hua

【答案】Dear Chris,

How is everything going with you? I am glad that you are very interested in Chinese history and geography. Let me introduce China to you now.

My motherland, China, whose capital is Beijing, is located in the east of Asia. It covers an area of 9600,000 square kilometers or so and has a population of about 1.4 billion consisting of 56 nationalities.

As a country with an ancient civilization, China has a brilliant history and rich culture of about 5,000 years. There are many historical sites and cultural relics in China, which are well-protected by Chinese people who are hard-working and brave. For example, the Great Wall is one of the Seven Wonders of the World.

Will you come to China for a visit? I sincerely invite you to come, because you can have a chance to study Chinese history and explore our national culture in person. I am sure you will fall in love with China!

Looking forward to your coming.

Yours,

Li Hua

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生以李华的名义给Chris写信，介绍中国的概况。

【详解】1.词汇积累

高兴的：glad→delighted/pleased

位于：be located in→lie in

由……组成：consist of→be made up

受到很好保护的：well-protected→well-preserved

2.句型拓展

同义句转化

原句：I am glad that you are very interested in Chinese history and geography. Let me introduce China to you now.

拓展句：Knowing that you are very interested in Chinese history and geography, I am willing to introduce China to you now.

【点睛】[高分句型1]I am glad that you are very interested in Chinese history and geography. （运用了that引导的宾语从句）

[高分句型2]My motherland, China, whose capital is Beijing, is located in the east of Asia.（运用了whose引导的定语从句）

[高分句型3]There are many historical sites and cultural relics in China, which are well-protected by Chinese people who are hard-working and brave.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）