高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 3 Environmental Protection课前预习ppt课件

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 3 Environmental Protection课前预习ppt课件，共29页。PPT课件主要包含了探究总结，答案 to　not等内容，欢迎下载使用。

二、直接引语和间接引语的转换规则1. 人称的变化【观察思考】▶She said, “I am hungry.”→She said she was hungry.▶Mum said t me, “Yu can clean yur bedrm tmrrw.”→Mum tld me that I culd clean my bedrm the next day.▶Mr Smith said, “He is a gd wrker.”→Mr Smith said that he was a gd wrker.
【探究总结】 (1)直接引语中的第一人称(如I、 me、 my、 mine、 we、 us、 ur、 urs)变为间接引语时应与主句中的________保持一致。 (2)直接引语中的第二人称(yu、 yur、 yurs)变为间接引语时,应与主句中的________保持一致,若主句中无宾语,可根据上下文确定一个宾语。 (3)直接引语中的第三人称(he、 him、 his、 she、 her、 hers、 it、 its、 they、 them、 their、 theirs)变为间接引语时,人称不变。
答案: (1)主语　(2)宾语
人称变化规则 一随主,二随宾,第三人称不更新。
【应用实践】句型转换。①He said, “I like it very much.”→He said that ________liked it very much. ②He said t me, “Yu tld me this stry.”→He tld me that ________had tld ________that stry. ③He said t me, “She's left her bk in yur rm.”→He tld me that ________had left ________bk in my rm.  
答案: ①he　②I　him　③she　her
2. 时态的变化【观察思考】▶“I am very glad t visit yur schl,” she said.　→She said that she was very glad t visit ur schl.　▶Peple said, “We were shcked by the news pht f a dead plar bear.”→Peple said that they had been shcked by the news pht f a dead plar bear.▶Tm said, “I'll d it after class.”→Tm said that he wuld d it after class.
▶The by said, “I'm learning English.”→The by said that he was learning English.▶Mther said, “I have nt washed yur shirt.”→Mther said that she had nt washed my shirt.▶The by said, “I had finished my hmewrk befre watching TV.” →The by said that he had finished his hmewrk befre watching TV.
【探究总结】 (1)如果主句是一般过去时,直接引语变为间接引语时,从句在时态方面要做相应的变化。具体变化见下表:
答案: (1)①一般过去时　②过去完成时③过去将来时　④过去进行时⑤过去完成时　⑥过去完成时
(2)下面几种情况,直接引语变间接引语时,时态不发生变化:①直接引语如果是科学真理、名言警句或谚语,变为间接引语时,时态不变。②直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语,变为间接引语时,时态不变。③如果主句是一般现在时或将来时,直接引语变为间接引语时,时态通常不变。
【应用实践】句型转换。 ①Tm said, “We are listening t the pp music.” →Tm said that they ________ ________t the pp music. ②The expert said, “We human beings can save the plar bears frm extinctin.”→The expert said that we human beings ________ ________the plar bears frm extinctin.
答案: ①were listening　②culd save
③She ften says, “All men and wmen are equal under the law.”→She ften says that all men and wmen ________equal under the law. ④“I tk the little bird hme,” she said.→She said that she ________ ________the little bird hme. ⑤Mr Li said, “I'll leave fr Shanghai.”→Mr Li said that he ________ ________fr Shanghai. 
答案: ③are ④had taken　⑤wuld leave
3. 指示代词、时间状语、地点状语及方向性动词的变化【观察思考】▶The lawyer said, “I will cme this mrning.”→The lawyer said that she/he wuld g that mrning.▶He said, “These bks are mine.” →He said that thse bks were his.▶She said, “It is nine 'clck nw.”→She said that it was nine 'clck then.
▶Bb said, “My sister was here three days ag.”→Bb said that his sister had been here three days befre/earlier.▶David said, “I haven't seen her tday.”→David said that he hadn't seen her that day.▶She said, “I went there yesterday.”→She said that she had gne there the day befre.
▶She said, “I'll g there tmrrw.”→She said that she wuld g there the next/fllwing day.▶The captain said, “They will arrive the day after tmrrw.”→The captain said that they wuld arrive in tw days' time.▶She said, “I came here t see the dctr the day befre yesterday.”→She said that she had gne there t see the dctr tw days befre/earlier.
答案: ①that　②thse　③then④befre/earlier　⑤that day⑥the day befre　⑦the next/fllwing day⑧in tw days' time　⑨tw days befre/earlier⑩there　⑪g
【应用实践】句型转换。①Mr Li said, “This is my seat.”→Mr Li said that ________was his seat. ②Miss Zha said, “These prblems are easy.”→Miss Zha said that ________prblems were easy. ③She said, “I haven't finished my wrk tday.”→She said that she hadn't finished her wrk ________ ________.　　　　　　　
答案: ①that　②thse　③that day
④Tm said, “I will visit the Great Wall tmrrw.”→Tm said that he wuld visit the Great Wall ________ ________ ________. ⑤Bb said, “My wife returned 40 minutes ag.”→Bb said that his wife had returned 40 minutes ________. ⑥She said t me, “I'll bring the bys here t help yu this afternn.”→She tld me that she wuld ________the bys ________t help me ________ ________.
答案: ④the next/fllwing day　⑤befre/earlier⑥take　there　that afternn
4. 句式变化【观察思考】▶Tm said t me, “I have been t Japan twice.”→Tm tld me that he had been t Japan twice.▶He said, “D yu knw the reasn fr glbal warming?”→He asked if/whether we knew the reasn fr glbal warming.▶“Why has Earth gt warmer and warmer?” he asked.→He asked why Earth had gt warmer and warmer.
【探究总结】(1)如果直接引语是陈述句,变为间接引语时,常变成由连接词________引导的宾语从句,该词在从句中不作成分,在口语中可以省略。主句谓语said t常改为tld。 (2)直接引语是一般疑问句、选择疑问句或附加疑问句时,间接引语中常用________或________引导。主句谓语said常改为________。　(3)直接引语是特殊疑问句时,变为间接引语仍用原句中的特殊疑问词引导,并将疑问语序变为________语序。其余成分的变化遵循直接引语和间接引语之间的转换规则来进行。 
答案: (1)that　(2)if　whether　asked　(3)陈述
【应用实践】句型转换。①He said, “I will be ding my hmewrk then.”→He said ________he wuld be ding his hmewrk then. ②“Did yu see her last week?” he said.→He asked ________I had seen her the week befre. ③“Where have yu been these days?” he asked.→He asked me ________I had been thse days. 
答案: ①that　②if/whether　③where
三、祈使句变间接引语1. 基本变化规则【观察思考】▶She said t us, “Please have a rest.” →She asked us t have a rest.▶The ld man said, “Dn't smke in the hall.”→The ld man tld me nt t smke in the hall.
【探究总结】引述祈使句多采用“动词+宾语+带________的不定式”结构,如果祈使句为否定句,在不定式的前面加________或 never。 
【应用实践】句型转换。①“D be careful with yur handwriting,” he said. →He tld me ________ ________careful ________ ________handwriting. ②“Dn't take ff yur cats,” she said t the children. →She tld the children ________ ________take ff ________cats. ③Father said, “Dn't stay up late, Lily.”→Father tld Lily ________ ________stay up late. 
答案: ①t be　with my　②nt t　their ③nt t
2. 谓语动词的变化【观察思考】▶Father said t me, “Open the windw.”→Father tld me t pen the windw. ▶“Never cme here again!” the fficer said t the villagers. →The fficer rdered the villagers never t g there again.▶“Let's g ut fr a walk,” he said t us. →He advised us t g ut fr a walk. ▶“Please pass me that bk,” she said t Jhn.→She asked Jhn t pass her that bk.
【探究总结】(1)如果直接引语中的祈使句表示命令,变为间接引语时,引述动词需用 ________、________、cmmand等。 (2)如果直接引语中的祈使句表示建议、劝告,变为间接引语时,引述动词需用________。　 (3)如果直接引语中的祈使句表示请求,变为间接引语时,引述动词需用________、beg、request等。 (4)如果直接引语中的祈使句中有please或will yu please,变为间接引语时,需将其去掉。
答案: (1)tell　rder　(2)advise　(3)ask
巧记祈使句变间接引语去掉引号要加t;ask、rder须记住,直引若是否定式;nt加在t前部。
【应用实践】句型转换。①The fficer said, “G away.” →The fficer ________us ________ ________away.  ②“G and wash yur face, Tm,” mther said.→Mther ________Tm ________ ________and ________his face.
答案: ①rdered　t g　②tld　t g　wash