人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement随堂练习题

这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement随堂练习题，共11页。

Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking (1)
阅读理解
A
When 45-year-old Randy Pausch was diagnosed with pancreatic(胰腺)cancer, he chose to focus on living rather than dying. As a computer science professor at Carnegie Mellon University, Pausch was asked to deliver a “last lecture”. This well-known campus tradition allowed professors to share worldly wisdom with students as if they were dying and had one last lecture to give.
The only difference in Pausch’s case is that Pausch really was dying,but it only motivated him more. He delivered his last lecture, “Really Achieving Your Childhood Dreams”.
Pausch began by sharing several of his boyhood dreams,some of which he had achieved and the others he hadn’t. He described the importance of having dreams and how anyone can still learn a lot by reaching for those dreams,even if they don’t always succeed. He shared the values learned through experience,which he hoped to pass on to others:hard work, honesty, laughter and gratitude.
Pausch’s last lecture received a great deal of praise and attention. In October this year,he presented an abridged(删节的) version on “The Oprah Winfrey Show”. He turned the lecture into a book by the same name, which quickly became a best-seller. Readers were deeply moved by the book’s representation of Pausch’s lifelong philosophy and the way it revealed the biggest source of his motivation—his three young children.
Pausch had passed away,but his voice lives on in the recorded lecture and his book. He continues to motivate us all by encouraging us to never give up our childhood dreams—a source of inspiration that can never run dry.
1. Why was Pausch asked to give his “last lecture”?
A. To teach the students.
B. To make him have a better life.
C. To cure his cancer.
D. To achieve his dream.
解析:推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Pausch was asked to deliver a ‘last lecture’.This well-known campus tradition allowed professors to share worldly wisdom with students as if they were dying and had one last lecture to give.”可知,保施教授被要求做一次最后的演讲是为了与学生们分享世俗的智慧,也就是为了教育学生。
答案:A
2. What was Pausch’s lecture mainly about?
A. His private life in boyhood.
B. Having dreams and good values.
C. The reason for his success.
D. The experience learned from others.
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He described the importance of having dreams and how anyone can still learn a lot by reaching for those dreams,even if they don’t always succeed.He shared the values learned through experience,which he hoped to pass on to others:hard work,honesty, laughter and gratitude.”可知,保施在演讲中讲述了拥有梦想的重要性以及通过追求梦想学到的努力、诚实、乐观和感恩等,也就是说他的演讲主要是关于拥有梦想和良好的价值观的。
答案:B
3.Which of the following motivated Pausch most?
A. His dreams.　　　　B. His children.
C. His work. D. His students.
解析:细节理解题。根据第四段中的“it revealed the biggest source of his motivation—his three young children”可知,保施的三个孩子给他的动力最大。
答案:B
4. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Keep on Dreaming
B. The Meaning of Life
C. Motivation from Life
D. Give the Last Lecture
解析:标题归纳题。根据文章内容,特别是最后一段中的“He continues to motivate us all by encouraging us to never give up our childhood dreams—a source of inspiration that can never run dry.”可知,本文讲述了身患胰腺癌的保施教授做最后一次的演讲,他激励我们不要放弃自己的梦想。
答案:A
B
Born in 1983 in Arizona, US, Jessica has learned to live her life with her feet. She was born without arms, and no doctors could figure out why.
There were many questions at the time about whether Jessica would be able to live a “normal” life. However, Jessica’s father said,“I have never shed a tear about her birth condition.” With the support of her parents and family, Jessica became confident in herself as an adult and continued to explore the world with her feet.
As a child,Jessica studied dance in her hometown. When the first performance arrived, she asked to be put in the back row. Her dance teacher told her there was no back row. Nervously, she took the stage with the other students and performed her routine.When she finished,the applause from the audience gave her encouragement and confidence to continue dancing for 14 years.
After graduating from high school,Jessica attended the University of Arizona,where she earned a bachelor’s degree in Psychology.When talking about her major,she frequently explains that Psychology has a great effect on her life,helping her out of a physical limitation.
During college, Jessica signed up for a club of taekwondo(跆拳道) and learned all of the colour belt materials. The instructors created a course that would be accessible to any future armless students.Jessica became the first armless person to earn a black belt in the club.
Jessica’s most famous accomplishment was learning how to fly. It took three states,four airplanes, two flight instructors and a discouraging year to find the right aircraft. She earned herself a place in the Guinness World Records for being the first person permitted to fly an airplane with only her feet.
Now Jessica works as a motivational lecturer. She travels around the world sharing her story and encouraging people to be creative with the slogan “Think outside the shoe”.
5. What encouraged Jessica to keep dancing for so many years?
A. The support of her family.
B. Her dance teacher’s words.
C. The help of the other students.
D. Her success in the first performance.
解析:细节理解题。由第三段的“When she finished,the applause from the audience gave her encouragement and confidence to continue dancing for 14 years.”可知,第一次演出成功鼓励了她。
答案:D
6. Why did Jessica major in Psychology in university?
A. Psychology is the best subject in her university.
B. Psychology can bring her a good job in the future.
C. Psychology can help her go beyond her disability.
D. Psychology is fit for an armless student.
解析:细节理解题。由第四段的“... she frequently explains that Psychology has a great effect on her life, helping her out of a physical limitation.”可知,心理学对她的生活有巨大的影响,能帮助她认识并接纳身体的缺陷。
答案:C
7. What’s Jessica’s greatest achievement?
A. Flying an airplane with her feet.
B. Finding the right aircraft.
C. Speaking as a motivational lecturer.
D. Travelling around the world.
解析:细节理解题。由第六段的“Jessica’s most famous accomplishment was learning how to fly.”可知, A项正确。
答案:A
8. What’s the best title of the text?
A. A Talented Girl, Jessica
B. A Motivational Speaker
C. Exploring the World with Feet
D. Being Creative as a Student
解析:标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了没有双臂的女孩Jessica是如何克服生活中的障碍,并不断进取,积极生活的故事,故C项适合做文章标题。
答案:C
C
Schools consume a large amount of energy, which has a bad effect on the environment. 9., there are lots of ways that you can help your school save energy. Look for simple changes your school can make and band together with others to make an even bigger effect.
10.. Even something as simple as turning off the lights when you leave a room can help to save energy. Turn off the lights in classrooms that are not being used and in other areas, such as empty bathrooms and unoccupied multifunctional rooms.
Use natural light when the sun is bright. It may not always be necessary for you to have the lights on in your classroom. There may be time of day when the sun is especially bright and enough for what you are doing in your classroom. 11..
Set up a recycling station at your school. Recycling is a great way to save energy because it reduces the need to produce new materials. 12., then ask your school principal if you can set one up.
Get others involved. 13.. Either as an individual or as a team, you can create and put up signs around your school. Try using signs that remind people of things they can do to save energy and also some signs that raise awareness of saving energy.
A. Post signs about conserving energy
B. Whether you are a teacher or a student
C. If your school does not have one
D. Turn off your computer when it’s not used
E. Shut down the lights when rooms are not in use
F. Other times of day you might only need half of the lights
G. If your school’s garbage company offers recycling services　
9. 解析:根据句子的结构判断,本句是一个从句,七个选项中只有B、C和G三个选项符合要求。根据语境可知,此处表示“不管你是老师还是学生,总有许多可以帮助你们学校节约能源的方法”。故选B项。
答案:B
10. 解析:本段主要讲述了在离开教室等地方的时候关灯以便节约能源。本段中的一些提示词,如“turning off the lights”“Turn off the lights”等也暗示了本题的答案。
答案:E
11. 解析:本段主要讲述了当教室内光线充足时使用自然光。上句中的 times of day与F项中的Other times of day形成对应关系。
答案:F
12. 解析:本段谈论在学校内设置回收站回收可循环使用的材料。C项中的one指代主题句中的a recycling station。
答案:C
13. 解析:根据下文的“put up signs” “using signs” “some signs”提示词可知选A项。
答案:A
Reading and Thinking (2)
[基础测评]
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. Even in his late years of life, the old man is still doing 　　　　______(science) research. 
2. She was______(apparent) much disappointed at the news Tom told her. 
3. Cultural relics are precious heritage for us mankind and it is______ 　　　　vital importance to preserve them. 
4. He knew that it would suffer many great______(defeat) before it would begin to win the war.  
5. The woman was a quiet lady who______ (most) stayed alone. 
6. The factory produces what is acknowledged______(be) the finest wool in the world. 
7. You’ll get the results when the______(analyse) is complete.  
8. The learning needs of the two groups are quite distinct 　　　　______each other. 
9. We need to carry out a proper______(evaluate) of the new system. 
10. Look at your skills______(objective) when deciding on a career change. 
答案:1. scientific　2. apparently　3. of　4. defeats
5. mostly　6. to be　7. analysis　8. from
9. evaluation　10. objectively
Ⅱ. 用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空
insist on, draw out, lead to, by chance, according to,
graduate from, die from, make sure

1. The books are classified into several parts__________their contents.
2. In 2021, I __________university, where I majored in International Trade.
3. Eating too much sugar can __________health problems.
4. You just need to __________that your voice is loud enough to enable everyone to hear you.
5. I wanted to walk to the station, but he__________ driving me there.
6. This is because each year millions of smokers __________this habit.
7. He is going to__________ some money from his credit card this afternoon.
8. I met her quite __________while walking in Oxford Street.
答案:1. according to　2. graduated from　3. lead to
4. make sure　5. insisted on　6. die from
7. draw out　8. by chance
III. 语法填空
　　Tu Youyou, a 1.______(commit) and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930 and graduated 2.______ 　　　　Peking University Medical School in 1955. In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of 3.______ 　　　(discover) a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers 4.______(choose). In 1969, she became the head of the project in Beijing, and decided to review ancient Chinese medical texts to find traditional botanical 5.______(treat) for the disease. After failing more than 190 times, the team 6.______(final) succeeded in 1971. Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on
7. ______(they) to make sure that it was safe. Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients most of 8.______ recovered. This medicine, which 9.______(call) artemisinin, soon became a standard treatment for malaria. It is thought to save 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone. In 2015, Tu Youyou was awarded 10.______Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine.  
答案:1. committed　2. from　3. discovering
4. chosen　5. treatments　6. finally
7. themselves　8. whom　9. was called　10. the
[提升测评]
Ⅳ. 完形填空
Many children may be fond of animals, but few ever think of making the study of animals as their career. Even fewer will be　1　 by the whole world, enjoying the title of United Nations Messenger(使者) of Peace. 
But one woman has 　2　all that. She has lived with chimps in the African forest for many years and made great　3　, Jane Goodall’s lifelong interest in animals began at an early age. By the age of 10 or 11, Goodall　4　 going to Africa to live with animals. This was quite a strange dream in those days, as young　5　didn’t think of having such “wild” actions. But she was encouraged by her mother. She told her that if she really wanted something, she should work hard, take advantage of　6　 and never give up looking for a way. 
When a close friend invited Goodall to Kenya in 1957, she readily
　7　it. Within a few months of her arrival she met the famous anthropologist(人类学家) Dr Louis Leakey, who soon decided that Goodall was the special person he was looking for to begin a　8　of wild chimps on the shore of Lake Tanganyika in Tanzania. 
In the beginning, studying the chimps was not　9　or her. The animals fled(逃跑) from her in fear. With a strong　10　, she searched the forest every day, trying not to get too close to the chimps too　11　. Gradually the chimps became used to her presence. 
In October 1960, she observed a chimp making and using　12　to fish for termites(白蚁). This discovery threw　13　on the popular idea at the time that man was the world’s only toolmaker. The longer Goodall’s research continues, the more it becomes obvious that chimps are very
　 14　 to humans. 
Since the mid-1980s, Goodall has been lecturing around the world to raise people’s sense about environmental　15　.“Let’s live in the new age with hope, respect for all living things, understanding and love,” she said. 
1. A. recognised　　　　　B. known
C. accepted D. admitted
解析:recognise在此解释为“(正式)认可”,即很少有人得到全世界的认可。know知道;accept接受;admit承认,后面不接人作宾语。
答案:A
2. A. done B. proved
C. achieved D. realised
解析:achieve达到;完成,符合语境。do做;prove证明;realise意识到。achieve作为“实现”讲时,其后宾语通常为dream。
答案:C
3. A. discoveries B. decisions
C. choices D. findings
解析:阅读全文可知,她最后获得了一些伟大的发现。discovery发现;decision决定;choice选择;finding调查发现;调研结果。
答案:A
4. A. was fond of B. was tired of
C. insisted on D. dreamed of
解析:dream of doing sth梦想做某事;be fond of喜欢;be tired of厌烦;insist on坚持。
答案:D
5. A. boys B. girls
C. men D. women
解析:由上一句句意“到10岁或11岁的时候……”可知那时她还是一个小女孩。
答案:B
6. A. knowledge B. youth
C. hope D. chances
解析:take advantage of chances利用机会。knowledge知识;youth青年;青春;hope希望。
答案:D
7. A. accepted B. refused
C. received D. considered
解析:表示“接受”朋友的邀请,应用动词accept。refuse拒绝;receive收到;consider考虑;认为。
答案:A
8. A. project B. study
C. centre D. career
解析:名词study的含义是“研究”,与文章第二段中“她在非洲森林里住了很多年,获得了一些伟大的发现”相呼应。project工程;项目;centre中心;career事业;生涯。
答案:B
9. A. hard B. interesting
C. Easy D. convenient
解析:根据下文中“黑猩猩一见她就逃离”这一情节推断,观察黑猩猩不是件容易的事。hard困难的;interesting有趣的;easy容易的;convenient方便的;便利的。
答案:C
10. A. will B. body
C. desire D. mind
解析:正是因为她的坚强意志,她才有了最后的成功。will意志;body身体;desire渴望;要求;mind头脑;思考能力。
答案:A
11. A. far B. near
C. soon D. much
解析:从下一句开头的gradually一词可以判断,她每天到森林里去,是想让黑猩猩慢慢地习惯她的存在,而不希望一开始就接近它们而把它们吓跑。
答案:C
12. A. nets B. tools　
C. holes D. spoons
解析:由下一句中的toolmaker一词可知,本题的答案应为tools。
答案:B
13. A. doubt B. light　
C. questions D. beliefs
解析:这个新的发现必然会让人们怀疑原来的一些观点。
答案:A
14. A. close B. similar　
C. friendly D. helpful
解析:由语境可知,古道尔继续研究的时间越长,发现黑猩猩与人类非常相似这一点越明显。be similar to与……相似,符合语境。be close to离……近;be friendly to对……友好;be helpful to对……有帮助。
答案:B
15. A. improvement B. protection
C. pollution D. destruction
解析:最后一句很明确地告诉我们应注意保护环境。improvement 改进,改善;protection 保护;pollution 污染;destruction 破坏,毁灭。
答案:B