广东省鹤山市第二中学2020-2021学年高一下学期第一次月考英语试题（含解析）

这是一份广东省鹤山市第二中学2020-2021学年高一下学期第一次月考英语试题（含解析），共26页。试卷主要包含了单项选择，阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，根据中英文提示填写单词，用单词的适当形式完成句子，其他应用文等内容，欢迎下载使用。
广东省鹤山市第二中学2020-2021学年高一下学期第一次月考英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、单项选择
1．He hurried to the railway station, only ________the train had left.
A．to find B．found C．finding D．having found.
2．My parents lent me the money. ________, I couldn’t have afforded the trip.
A．Therefore B．Besides C．However D．Otherwise
3．________ manure (肥料) and water, crops won’t grow well.
A．Lacks B．To lack C．Lacking D．Lacked
4．He overslept, which ________his being late for school this morning.
A．resulted in B．resulted from C．as a result D．as a result of
5．He's always the first one ________， and that is the reason why he has made such great progress.
A．arrived B．to arrive C．arriving D．arrives
6．Conditions are getting worse and supplies (给养) are ________.
A．figuring out B．taking out C．running out D．finding out
7．One day, when I opened my book, I found a beautiful card ________to the first page.
A．attached B．attaching C．attaches D．to attach
8．The problems ________ at the meeting tomorrow are really hard to solve.
A．discussed B．discussing C．to discuss D．to be discussed
9．______that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest.
A．Not realized B．Not to realize C．Not realizing D．Not to have realized
10．You can never be too careful while ________. Always wear your safety belt!
A．drive B．driving C．to drive D．having driven
11．The little girl looked at the host with a ____ expression . Maybe the question was quite_____.
A．puzzled ;  puzzled B．puzzling ; puzzled C．puzzled ; puzzling D．puzzling ; puzzling
12．Last night, there were millions of people ______________ the opening ceremony live on TV.
A．watch B．to watch
C．watched D．watching
13．I find these problems are easy ________________.
A．to be worked out B．to work them out
C．to work out D．to be worked them out
14．—Who should be responsible for the accident?
—The boss, not the workers.They just carried out the order ________.
A．as told B．as are told C．as telling D．as they told
15．I don’t know why she is looking at me as if she ________ me. I’ve never seen her before in my life.
A．know B．knows C．had known D．knew
16．Time ______, I’ll pay a visit to you while I am in your hometown.
A．permitting B．permits C．permitted D．will permit
17．When passing the house, he had his leg _____by a bid dog.
A．bit B．bitten C．bitting D．bite
18．He got into a situation________ it is hard to make a decision.
A．which B．that C．when D．where
19．The doctor recommended that he ________ a few more days in hospital.
A．stayed B．stays C．staying D．stay
20．____,the student insists that he be separated from his desk-mate,who is naughty.
A．To avoid being affected B．To avoid to be affected
C．Avoiding being affected D．Avoiding to be affected

二、阅读理解
SHARK CONSERVATION IN SOUTH AFRICA
Take a two-week trip that you will never forget as a volunteer with sharks on a beautiful stretch of South Africa’s coastline. Head out to sea to witness one of the world’s most powerful (and most misunderstood) creatures on this inspiring project, enjoying watching them from both above and below water.
The DAY-BY-DAY schedule
Day 1: Arrive in Cape Town on a Sunday. You will be collected from the airport and spend your first night in a guest house in the city centre.
Day 2: You will be collected bright and early from the guest house and taken down to the project. The drive takes about 90 minutes. You will receive a welcome and head out to sea to witness your first sharks!
Day 3+: Most days you will be out on the boat with the sharks, depending on weather. Help out with the full range of tasks on the boats, and in conservation initiatives on land too.
Last day: On the final day of your project you will be taken back to Cape Town for your onward travel.
The price is £829,including the voluntary work programme with accommodations,  airport transfers, one night in a guest house in Cape Town, breakfasts daily and lunches when on the boats. Your trip can be extended at a cost of £ 375 per week.
It is an amazing experience! Some volunteers planned to stay for 4 weeks, extended to 6 weeks and still didn’t want to come home. If you’d like to chat about this holiday or need help, we’re very happy to help.
Call us at 01273 823 700.
Email us at rosy@responsibletravel.com.
21．When will you really begin your shark watching trip?
A．On a Friday. B．On a Saturday.
C．On a Sunday. D．On a Monday.
22．What will you probably do on the third day if weather permits?
A．Sail on the ocean.
B．Return to Cape Town.
C．Buy some souvenirs.
D．Dive with sharks.
23．How much will you spend on a three-week shark conservation trip?
A．£ 375. B．£ 750. C．£ 829. D．£ 1,204.

Many families take their children on vacation. They will usually travel for a few days or weeks during school breaks. But Julie and Tim Smith planned a longer vacation with their two children. The Smith family is on a one-year trip around the world. They plan to visit 30 countries in all. Right now, the four travelers are about halfway through their trip. Ms. Smith says they are trying to see as much of the world as they can.
Mr. Smith says one of the most interesting experiences of the trip has been meeting new people. He says people have been extremely friendly, very welcoming and love their kids. Eleven-year-old Tyler says he has enjoyed learning about the people they have met. He said, "I learned in Africa that people have very different lifestyles than in America." His sister, 9-year-old Kara, discovered that she liked Thai food. Ms. Smith says that the trip teaches the children a lot.
It took the family a year to prepare for the trip. They had to sell their house and cars. Ms. Smith left her job and her husband is using unpaid leave. They carry small bags filled with lightweight clothing and whatever else they need. Ms. Smith says she enjoys being able to carry everything she needs on her back. She says she does not miss the things she has back home. "What has become more important is making these memories as a family and taking those with us instead."
The Smiths will continue to head east for the next six months.
24．In what way is the Smith family's trip different from many others' according to paragraph 1?
A．They take their children on vacation.
B．They travel around the world for a year with children.
C．They travel during school breaks.
D．They travel for a few weeks with children.
25．What does Tyler find interesting during the trip?
A．Living in Africa. B．Lifestyles in America
C．Having Thai food. D．Learning about the people they have met.
26．Which of the following is NOT true about the Smith' preparation for the trip?
A．They left their jobs.
B．It took the Smith family a year.
C．They sold their house and cars.
D．They put lightweight clothing in small bags.
27．What does the underlined word "those" in paragraph 3 refer to?
A．The small bags they carry. B．The memories of the family.
C．The things on her back. D．The things back home.

Journalists are the major group of people who make their living from writing. Many young people who see themselves as future novelists choose journalism as a way of earning a living while developing their writing skills. Although writing for newspapers and writing for books require different qualities, the aspiration(志向)to be a great writer is not one to be discouraged in a would-be journalist.
Most people want their work to be recognized by others. This helps to give it value. Some people also want themselves to be recognized, so that they have status (地位) in the eyes of society. It is not a bad motive to wish to be famous, but this must never become your main reason for being a journalist. You will not be a good journalist if you care more for impressing your audience than for serving their needs.
Knowing the power of the printed or spoken word or image, some people enter journalism for the power it will give them to influence people. There is a strong belief that journalists control the mass media but the best journalists recognize their role as servants of the people. There is a difference between the desire to influence events for your own sake (为了你自己), and the desire to do it for other people. You should never use journalism for selfish ends, but you can use it to improve the lives of other people.
Curiosity is a natural part of most people’s characters and an important ingredient for any journalist. Lots of young men and women enter the profession with the desire to know more about the world without needing to specialize in limited fields of study. Most journalists tend to know a little bit about a lot of things, rather than a lot about one subject. Knowledge has many uses. It can simply help to make you a fuller and more interesting person. It can also give you power over people, especially people who do not have that particular knowledge. Always bear in mind that power can be used in a positive way to improve people’s lives.
28．What can we know from the first paragraph?
A．Journalists are most likely to become great writers.
B．Writing for newspapers is similar to writing for novels.
C．Most of the journalists make a living by writing books.
D．Journalism can be used as a means to improve writing.
29．Why do some people want themselves to be recognized?
A．To gain high position. B．To get great power.
C．To earn much wealth. D．To learn rich knowledge.
30．What is most necessary for journalists according to Paragraph 4?
A．Being specialized in a certain field.
B．Having a wide range of knowledge.
C．Being good at making friends with others.
D．Being able to speak a foreign language well.
31．What does the text mainly talk about?
A．The development of journalism.
B．The challenges journalists face now.
C．How to become a qualified journalist.
D．Why people choose a career in journalism.

A new report connects eating eggs to an increased risk of heart disease. The results follow several earlier studies that found eating eggs was generally healthy. The study collects data from six other earlier studies. It shows a 6 percent increased risk of heart disease when the number of eggs a person ate each day increased by half an egg.
Norrina Allen, an associate professor at Northwestern University said that, in the United States, eggs are generally one of the top sources of cholesterol(胆固醇)in a person’s daily food. People with higher levels of cholesterol in their food are at increased risk of the development of heart disease later in life. However, Allen added that she would not say that eggs are completely unhealthy. “I’m not saying that people should take them completely out of their food,” she said. “I’m just suggesting that people eat them in a proper amount.”
Some experts believe the new study does not prove that eggs are causing heart disease. “Cholesterol’s role in the development of heart disease has been discussed for more than 30 years,” said Bruemmer, an associate professor of medicine at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. “This study does have clear shortcomings, including self-reporting at a single time point,” he added.
Bruemmer said, “Eggs in moderation(适度)are probably acceptable from a nutritional standpoint.” “Moderation,” he added, “is less than one egg a day, including eggs in foods such as bread”.
Holly Andersen, a doctor at the NewYork-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center, agrees that the study has “real shortcomings”. One problem Andersen has with the study is that a lot of the egg-eating people in the study also appeared to be eating much meat and processed meat. “If you’re taking a lot of processed meat, it doesn’t matter how many eggs you’re eating,” Andersen said.
Also, Andersen said, “The study can only show there is a relation between eggs eating and heart disease. But it cannot prove eggs are the cause of the disease. It may just be that people eating a lot of eggs are also taking a lot of bacon.”
32．What does Norrina Allen agree with?
A．Eggs are completely unhealthy.
B．Eggs contain the most cholesterol.
C．Eggs should be eaten in a right amount.
D．Eggs have no connection with heart disease.
33．What is Bruemmer’s attitude towards the study?
A．Interested. B．Doubtful. C．Concerned. D．Hopeful.
34．What can we learn from Holly Andersen’s words?
A．Eggs and meat cannot be eaten together.
B．Processed meat may cause heart disease.
C．Processed meat should be avoided.
D．The study is supported by evidence.
35．What’s the best title of the text?
A．Do eggs cause heart disease?
B．Are eggs the top source of cholesterol?
C．What’s the proper amount of eggs eaten?
D．Is the cholesterol to blame for heart disease?


三、七选五
Helping people is the backbone of a healthy society. 36 This statement is true and the following are some of the major benefits of assisting other people.
37 Researchers have done lots of work to prove that helping others does have a great effect on a person’s happiness. Even though we usually feel the urge to compete with other people, taking time to assist others can be very beneficial to us. The key to internal joy and happiness is simply helping those in need.
Build trust. When people see that you have genuine intentions of assisting them, it is likely they are going to be very grateful. 38 Helping people is also a good way to create and develop trusty relationship, particularly if you never expect anything to be given to you in return.
Improve the community. The mentality of helping people is increasing in popularity since more people have realized that we do not need to fight for survival. A rising number of individuals now assist others without asking for anything back. This has resulted in the change in attitude and people are now more giving, more willing and also much readier to offer assistance. 39
Helping other people is important as it helps to connect many people together.
40 The end result is an inspired community in general.
A．Increase happiness.
B．Improve mental health.
C．This improves the whole community and changes the atmosphere.
D．It is believed that helping others is basically helping yourself.
E．As a result, they see you as a caring person and begin to trust you.
F．If you often help others, you will become a more responsible person.
G．Those who offer help and get help come together and inspire one another.


四、完形填空
Choose what you want to do, and don’t stop until getting there. You can 41 beyond your wildest dreams.
My goal for myself last year was to 42 a half marathon (马拉松). I was inspired by the runners in the world, seeing them run a half then 43 a full marathon, seeing my parents-in-law’s excitement as they told me about their upcoming marathon. I knew I wanted to do a half.
I completed my first 10 km last April. Feeling happy, I 44 to take the next step and sign up for the Hampton’s Half in September. As the marathon drew near, I became more 45 . I just didn’t think that I was 46 to be a runner. I had never been good at running. Why suddenly could I do it now? 13.1 miles was further than anything I ever dreamed of. Unexpectedly, a month before the 47 I hurt my hamstring (肌腱) seriously one rainy night. However, I felt somehow relieved. Now I had a good excuse not to run. I didn’t have to feel 48 when I couldn’t finish, because I could simply explain that I had hurt myself and could no longer 49 . It was like a weight had been 50 from my shoulders.
My attitude finally changed. I believe that I can do anything, and that my body is 51 to do amazing things. I signed up for the DC Cherry Blossom Ten Miler with some friends, and with all of them beside me, I couldn’t draw back. Unfortunately, while training hard, I was again 52 . I hurt my knee in an accident and couldn’t run for months. The thought of using it as an excuse that I couldn’t run came across my 53 but I threw it away after a couple of minutes. On that exciting day I　 54 it to the finishing line, though not a good result. The 55 distance I’ve ever run, one I had never thought possible.
41．A．succeed B．stress C．hesitate D．admire
42．A．research B．organise C．run D．host
43．A．compare B．dislike C．match D．complete
44．A．refused B．decided C．agreed D．begged
45．A．nervous B．bored C．confident D．delighted
46．A．allowed B．encouraged C．forced D．meant
47．A．training B．meeting C．exam D．match
48．A．important B．frightened C．proud D．puzzled
49．A．jump up B．give up C．take part D．stand out
50．A．separated B．protected C．borrowed D．removed
51．A．willing B．energetic C．sensitive D．afraid
52．A．injured B．punished C．invited D．fired
53．A．eyes B．faces C．mind D．stomach
54．A．carried B．made C．threw D．failed
55．A．farthest B．shortest C．worst D．easiest


五、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The English word “dinner” used to refer to breakfast. It comes from the Old French word “disnar”, 56 in fact means “breakfast”.
So 57 did this word come to have a different meaning? 58 (tradition), dinner (what we now refer to as breakfast) was the first meal of the day, eaten around noon. It also happened to be the 59 (big) meal of the day, with a lighter meal coming later 60 (know) as supper.
Today many people find 61 strange that the biggest meal of the day once centered around noon, 62 it made great sense at that time. Artificial lighting such as oil lamps and candles were expensive, and provided weak light at best. So people went to sleep at sundown, because it’s difficult 63 (work) and eat in the dark. The last meal of the day was a rushed affair, a quick snack before the lights went out.
Eventually, more meals 64 (add) to the day. This meant that people were eating smaller meals before the bigger meal. So the word that once 65 (refer) to our first meal, now refers to our last. However, it is true that in many Western cultures dinner still remains the biggest meal of the day.


六、根据中英文提示填写单词
66．I made up my mind to study harder rather than waste p________ (宝贵的) time on those useless things.(根据中英文提示填空)
67．Some people are more e________ (精力充沛的) in the morning, while others in the evening. (根据中英文提示填空)
68．Computers have r________ (取代) humans in many areas of our lives, making our work much easier. (根据中英文提示填空)
69．The newspaper aims to cover a d________ (多种多样的) range of issues. (根据中英文提示填空)
70．The scientists c__________ (声称) that they had made a great discovery in the fight against cancer last month. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
71．The Government provide f________ (经济的) support for poor students who can’t afford tuition fees. (根据中英文提示填空)
72．I would be g________ (感激的) if you could give me an early reply. (根据中英文提示填空)
73．Their classroom is d________ (装饰) with portraits of scientists. (根据中英文提示填空)
74．He a________ (承认) his mistakes. (根据中英文提示填空)
75．Mark said his English was so l ________ (有限的)that he wasn’t quite sure about some of the idioms. (根据中英文提示填空)

七、用单词的适当形式完成句子
76．Many of the people ________ (live) here are from Mexico or Central America.(所给词的适当形式填空)
77．________ (earn) a living, some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown. (所给词的适当形式填空)
78．In the same year, gold was discovered near San Francisco, ________ started a gold rush.(用适当的词填空)
79．Eight years later, Lin graduated ________ Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) with the Wehai Scholarship. (用适当的词填空)
80．But perhaps ________ many tourists and San Franciscans treasure most about Chinatown is its food. （用适当的词填空）

八、其他应用文
81．假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom听说在中国通过扫描二维码(scan QR code)就可以轻松实现移动支付(mobile payment)，感到不可思议。请你写封邮件告知移动支付在中国的相关情况。内容包括：
(1)在中国最流行，提供了便利；
(2)快捷且强大的功能：如买早餐、买地铁票；
(3)改变我们的生活，引领世界。
注意：(1)词数100左右；
(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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参考答案：
1．A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他匆忙赶到火车站，却发现火车已经开走了。此处用动词不定式作结果状语，“only+动词不定式”常表示出乎预料的结果。故选A。
2．D
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我父母借给我钱。否则，我负担不起这次旅行。A. Therefore因此；B. Besides况且，再说；C. However然而；D. Otherwise否则。根据“My parents lent me the money.”和“I couldn’t have afforded the trip”可知，此处是在假设父母没有借给“我”钱的情况，Otherwise“否则”符合题意。故选D。
3．C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：缺少肥料和水，庄稼就长不好。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“grow”且句中无连词，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“lack”意为“缺乏”，动词词性，句子主语“crops”与“lack”之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故空格处应用“lack”的现在分词“lacking”，在句中作状语，故选C项。
4．A
【详解】考查动词短语、介词短语辨析。句意：他睡过头了，这导致他今天早上上学迟到了。A. resulted in导致；B. resulted from由……引起；C. as a result结果；D. as a result of由于。分析句子可知，空格处是定语从句中谓语，应用动词短语，故C、D项排除，结合句意表示“导致”，后面是睡过头的结果，应用动词resulted in。故选A项。
5．B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他总是第一个到达，这就是他取得如此大进步的原因。名词被序数词修饰时，后面接不定式t作后置定语。根据句意，故选B。
6．C
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：情况越来越糟，供应也快用完了。A. figuring out弄清楚；B. taking out取出；C. running out用完；D. finding out发现。根据空前Conditions are getting worse 可知，此处指供应也快用完了。故选C。
7．A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一天，当我打开书的时候，我发现第一页附有一张漂亮的卡片。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。名词card 与attach之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词形式。故选A。
8．D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：明天会议上要讨论的问题真的很难解决。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作定语修饰problems，根据时间状语tomorrow可知，此处表示未发生的动作，所以使用动词不定式形式，且discuss与所修饰词problems之间为被动关系，所以使用动词不定式的被动形式。故选D项。
9．C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于没有意识到他正处于危险中，Eric向森林深处走去。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语Eric和realize之间是主动关系，应用现在分词；结合句意，此处为否定意义，应在realizing的前面加not。故选C。
10．B
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：开车时，再小心也不为过。始终系好安全带！while引导状语从句，使用了省略，逻辑主语you与drive之间是主动关系，因此，使用现在分词做状语。故选B项。
11．C
【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：小女孩带着困惑的表情看着主人。也许这个问题很令人费解。第一空说明人的心理活动应用-ed结尾形容词puzzled，作定语；第二空主语为question，应用-ing结尾形容词，作表语。故选C。
12．D
【详解】考查现在分词作定语。句意：昨晚，成千上万的人们在电视上观看了开幕式直播。分析可知，______________ the opening ceremony live on TV作定语，修饰people，因people和watch之间为主谓关系，故用现在分词表主动。故选D。

13．C
【详解】考查主动表达被动。句意：我发现这些问题很容易解决。“名词（代词）＋ be easy(difficult, fit等形容词) ＋ 不定式” 结构中，有时尽管主语是动作的承受者，不定式在意义上是被动，形式上却是主动，句中these problems是work out的宾语。故选C。
14．A
【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。句意：——谁应该为这次事故负责?——是老板，而不是工人们，他们仅仅去按照嘱咐的那样执行。as told相当于as they were told，从句的主语与主句主语一致，而且有be动词，故省略主语和be动词。故选A项。
15．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我不知道她为什么看着我，好像她认识我一样。我这辈子从没见过她。根据“I’ve never seen her before in my life.”可知，as if引导的方式从句表达的是与现在事实相反的假设，谓语动词使用一般过去时，故选D项。
16．A
【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意：如果时间允许，当我在你的家乡时，我会去拜访你。分析句子可知，没有连词，故判断此处为独立主格结构，permit与time构成主动关系，用现在分词，故选A。
17．B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：经过房子时，他的腿被一只猎狗咬了。have+宾语+宾补结构，leg和bite是被动关系，用过去分词作宾补，故选B。
18．D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他陷入了难以作出决定的境地。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词situation是抽象地点，因此空格处用关系副词where，故选D。
19．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：医生建议他在医院再住几天。recommend意为“建议”，其后的that引导的宾语从句中用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气，should可省略，故选D。
20．A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了避免受到影响，这些学生坚持要求他应该和他同桌分开，（因为）他同桌非常的淘气。固定短语avoid doing sth“避免做某事”，如果为被动，则为avoid being done，由此排除B、D；从句意来看，逗号前面部分应该是目的状语。而放句首的目的状语一般就是不定式，而不是现在分词。由此排除C，故选A。
【点睛】avoid是高中要求四会的词，考生必须记牢它的用法，此题是综合考查题，既考查了非谓语动词的用法同时又考了avoid的用法，这是高考命题的趋势。
insist的宾语从句的用法一般分为两种情况：
1）如果insist翻译为“坚持说/坚持认为”，且宾语从句的动作为已经发生的情况，此时宾语从句采用正常的陈述语气。
如：He insisted that he was right. 他坚持说/认为他是对的。
2）如果insist翻译为“坚决主张/要求”，即宾语从句的动作当时尚未发生，此时宾语从句必须采用虚拟语气，构成为从句谓语动词用“(should) + 动词原形”，其中should可以省略。
如：He insisted that he (should) be praised for what he had done.
3）此题中的insist所引导的宾语从句采用了虚拟语气，即he be separated... = he should be separated...
21．D 22．A 23．D

【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个为期二周的鲨鱼保护之旅的具体安排和活动细节。
21．细节理解题。根据The DAY-BY-DAY schedule中“Day 1: Arrive in Cape Town on a Sunday.( 星期天到达开普敦。) ”和“Day 2: You will receive a welcome and head out to sea to witness your first sharks!( 您将受到欢迎，并出海见证您的第一条鲨鱼！)”可知，周日到达观测鲨鱼的地方，第二天看到第一条鲨鱼。由此可知，在这次观测鲨鱼之旅的日程安排中，周一可以开始观测鲨鱼之旅。故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据Day 3+: Most days you will be out on the boat with the sharks, depending on weather.( 第三天以后:根据天气情况，大部分时间你会和鲨鱼一起出海。)”可知，如果天气情况许可，第三天你海上航行观测鲨鱼。故选A。
23．细节理解题。根据第一段“Take a two-week trip…”和倒数第四段“The price is £829,including the voluntary work programme with accommodations, airport transfers, one night in a guest house in Cape Town, breakfasts daily and lunches when on the boats. Your trip can be extended at a cost of £ 375 per week.( 价格为829英镑，包括志愿工作计划，包括住宿、机场接送、在开普敦的宾馆住一晚、每天早餐和船上午餐。您的旅行可以延长，每周费用为375英镑。)可知，因为这是一个两周的旅行项目，所以为期三周的鲨鱼保护之旅，你需要支付：£829+£375=£1204。故选D。
24．B 25．D 26．A 27．B

【分析】本文是记叙文，文章向读者描述了一个不一样的旅行。
24．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中Many families take their children on vacation. They will usually travel for a few days or weeks during school breaks. But Julie and Tim Smith planned a longer vacation with their two children. The Smith family is on a one-year trip around the world.（许多家庭带孩子去度假。他们通常会在放假期间旅行几天或几周。但是朱莉和蒂姆·史密斯计划和他们的两个孩子一起度过一个更长的假期。史密斯一家正在进行为期一年的环球旅行。）可知，与众不同之处在于，普通家庭带孩子旅行周期短，但史密斯一家的旅行是带着孩子环游世界一年，时间很长。故选B项。
25．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中Mr. Smith says one of the most interesting experiences of the trip has been meeting new people.（史密斯说，这次旅行最有趣的经历之一就是结识新朋友。）和Eleven-year-old Tyler says he has enjoyed learning about the people they have met.（11岁的泰勒说，他很喜欢了解他们认识的人。）可知，泰勒在旅行中感到有趣的是了解他们认识的人。故选D项。
26．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中Ms. Smith left her job and her husband is using unpaid leave.（史密斯女士辞掉了工作，她的丈夫正在休无薪假。）可知，史密斯女士辞掉了工作，但丈夫没有辞掉工作。所以A选项“他们都辞掉了工作”不正确。故选A项。
27．指代猜测题。根据文章第三段中What has become more important is making these memories as a family and taking those with us instead.（更重要的是，相反，把这些回忆作为一个家庭的回忆，并把它们随身携带在身边。）可知，those指代上文，在此处指代上文提到的“these memories”，结合上文内容可知，指代一家人的记忆。故选B项。
28．D 29．A 30．B 31．D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们选择从事新闻业常见的动机和原因。
28．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Many young people who see themselves as future novelists choose journalism as a way of earning a living while developing their writing skills.(许多认为自己未来会成为小说家的年轻人选择从事新闻工作，作为一种谋生的方式，同时提高自己的写作技能)”可知，新闻可以作为提高写作水平的一种手段。故选D。
29．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Some people also want themselves to be recognized, so that they have status (地位) in the eyes of society.(有些人也希望自己得到认可，这样他们在社会眼中就有了地位)”可知，有些人希望自己得到认可，以获得更高的地位。故选A。
30．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Most journalists tend to know a little bit about a lot of things, rather than a lot about one subject.(大多数记者倾向于对很多事情都了解一点，而不是对一个主题了解很多)”可知，对于新闻工作者来说，广泛的知识是最必要的。故选B。
31．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍人们选择从事新闻业常见的动机和原因，即为什么人们选择从事新闻业。故选D。
32．C 33．B 34．B 35．A

【分析】本文是一篇议论文。研究认为，吃鸡蛋与患心脏病风险的增加有联系，但是有科学家对此持不同的观点，他们认为鸡蛋并不是引起心脏病的原因。
32．
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Allen added that she would not say that eggs are completely unhealthy. “I’m not saying that people should take them completely out of their food,” she said. “I’m just suggesting that people eat them in a proper amount.” (Allen补充说，她不是说鸡蛋完全不健康。‘我并不是说人们应该把它们从食物中完全剔除，’她说。‘我只是建议人们适量食用它们。’)”可知，Norrina Allen 并不认为人们不应该吃鸡蛋，而是应该适量吃，故选C项。
33．
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“‘This study does have clear shortcomings, including self-reporting at a single time point, he added’”可知，Bruemmer认为这项研究有不足之处，对这个研究持怀疑态度。故选B项。
34．
推理判断题。根据第五段中的Andersen 所说的话“If you’re taking a lot of processed meat, it doesn’t matter how many eggs you’re eating（如果你吃了大量的加工肉类，那么你吃多少个鸡蛋并不重要。）”以及最后一段中“But it cannot prove eggs are the cause of the disease. It may just be that people eating a lot of eggs are also taking a lot of bacon.（但它不能证明鸡蛋是该病的病因。这可能只是因为吃了很多鸡蛋的人也吃了很多培根。）”可以推断，Andersen认为吃鸡蛋并不是心脏病的病因。如果吃了大量加工过的肉类也有可能引起心脏病。故选B。
35．标题判断题。文章在第一段提出观点“A new report connects eating eggs to an increased risk of heart disease.”，新的研究结果表明，吃鸡蛋与心脏病风险的增加有联系；接下来文章列举了一些科学家的观点：第二段中Norrina Allen提出观点“I’m just suggesting that people eat them in a proper amount.” Norrina Allen认为应该适量吃鸡蛋；第三段中提到“Some experts believe the new study does not prove that eggs are causing heart disease.”，有些专家认为，这项新研究并不能证明鸡蛋会导致心脏病；第五段中Holly Andersen提出观点“a lot of the egg-eating people in the study also appeared to be eating much meat and processed meat.” 很多吃鸡蛋的人似乎也吃了很多肉和加工肉类，这也会引起心脏病。因此文章是关于“鸡蛋会导致心脏病吗?”这个问题的不同观点。故选A。
36．D 37．A 38．E 39．C 40．G

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。帮助他人是健康社会的支柱，文章主要介绍了帮助别人的几个益处。
36．根据上文“Helping people is the backbone of a healthy society.(帮助他人是健康社会的支柱)”以及后文“This statement is true and the following are some of the major benefits of assisting other people.(这个说法是正确的，以下是帮助他人的一些主要好处)”可知，上文提到了帮助他人的行为，后文则提到这种说法是正确的，可知本句是在说明后文提到的说法是什么。故D选项“人们认为帮助别人基本上就是帮助自己”符合语境，故选D。
37．根据后文“Researchers have done lots of work to prove that helping others does have a great effect on a person’s happiness. Even though we usually feel the urge to compete with other people, taking time to assist others can be very beneficial to us. The key to internal joy and happiness is simply helping those in need.(研究人员做了大量的工作来证明帮助他人确实对一个人的幸福有很大的影响。尽管我们通常都有和别人竞争的冲动，但花时间帮助别人对我们来说是非常有益的。内心快乐和幸福的关键就是帮助那些需要帮助的人)”可知，后文提到研究证明帮助他人可以给人带来幸福，故本段说明的帮助别人的好处是：增加幸福感。故A选项“增加幸福感”符合语境，故选A。
38．根据上文“When people see that you have genuine intentions of assisting them, it is likely they are going to be very grateful.(当人们看到你真心诚意地帮助他们时，他们很可能会非常感激你)”可知，上文提到人们会感激真心诚意帮助他们的人，故本句与上文构成因果关系，说明这种行为会对自己产生的影响。故E选项“因此，他们会认为你是一个有爱心的人，并开始信任你”符合语境，故选E。
39．根据上文“Improve the community. The mentality of helping people is increasing in popularity since more people have realized that we do not need to fight for survival. A rising number of individuals now assist others without asking for anything back. This has resulted in the change in attitude and people are now more giving, more willing and also much readier to offer assistance.(改善社区。帮助人的心态越来越受欢迎，因为越来越多的人意识到我们不需要为生存而斗争。现在越来越多的人在不要求任何回报的情况下帮助别人。这导致了态度的改变，人们现在更乐于给予，更愿意，也更乐意提供帮助)”可知，本段的中心思想是帮助他人可以改善社区，故本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文再次说明提供帮助改善了整个社区，改变了气氛，C选项中“improves the whole community”和本段的中心句“Improve the community”相照应。故C选项“这改善了整个社区，改变了气氛”符合语境，故选C。
40．根据上文“Helping other people is important as it helps to connect many people together.(帮助他人很重要，因为它有助于把许多人联系在一起)”可知，上文提到帮助他人可以把许多人联系在一起，故本句承接上文继续说明是如何联系在一起的，以及这种联系的作用，G选项中“come together”和空前的“connect many people together”相照应。故G选项“那些提供帮助和得到帮助的人走到一起，互相激励”符合语境，故选G。

41．A 42．C 43．D 44．B 45．A 46．D 47．D 48．B 49．C 50．D 51．A 52．A 53．C 54．B 55．A

【导语】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者报名参加了一次马拉松比赛，而随着比赛临近作者越来越紧张，后来因为一次意外受伤，作者想到将受伤当做自己无法参加比赛的借口。后来经过努力，作者最终跑到了自己从未想到过的最远的距离。作者意识到：选择你想要做的事，在到达目的地之前不要停止，你能取得超乎想象的成功。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你可以取得超乎想象的成功。A. succeed成功；B. stress强调；C. hesitate犹豫；D. admire钦佩。根据最后一段的“On that exciting day I　___14___ it to the finishing line, though not a good result. The ___15___ distance I’ve ever run, one I had never thought possible”可知，本句是指选择你想要做的事，在到达目的地之前不要停止。你能取得超乎想象的成功。故选A。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我去年的目标是跑半程马拉松。A. research研究；B. organise组织；C. run奔跑；D. host主持。根据下文“a half marathon”可知，作者是跑马拉松，故选C。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我被世界上的跑步者所鼓舞，看到他们跑了半程然后完成了全程马拉松，看到我的公公婆婆告诉我他们即将到来的马拉松时的兴奋。A. compare比较；B. dislike不喜欢；C. match匹配；D. complete完成。根据下文“a full marathon”可知，是跑完整段马拉松，故选D。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感到很高兴，决定采取下一步行动，报名参加九月份的汉普顿半程比赛。A. refused拒绝；B. decided决定；C. agreed同意；D. begged乞求。根据下文“the next step and sign up for the Hampton’s Half”可知，作者决定采取下一步，故选B。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着马拉松比赛的临近，我变得越来越紧张。A. nervous紧张的；B. bored厌倦的；C. confident自信的；D. delighted高兴的。根据下文“I had never been good at running”可知，随着比赛接近，作者变得越来越紧张不安，故选A。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只是觉得我不应该成为一名跑步者。A. allowed允许；B. encouraged鼓励；C. forced强迫；D. meant意味着，想要。根据下文“I had never been good at running”可知，作者觉得自己不应该成为一名跑步者，短语mean to be意为“命中注定”，故选D。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：没想到，在比赛前一个月的一个雨夜，我的腿筋严重受伤。A. training训练；B. meeting会议；C. exam考试；D. match比赛。根据上文“As the marathon drew near”可知，比赛前一个月，作者的脚筋受了伤。故选D。
48．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我不能完成时，我不必感到害怕，因为我可以简单地解释我受伤了，不能再参加了。A. important重要的；B. frightened害怕的；C. proud骄傲的；D. puzzled困惑的。根据下文“because I could simply explain that I had hurt myself”可知，句子表示“当我不能完成时，我不必感到害怕，因为我可以简单地解释我受伤了”，故选B。
49．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我不能完成时，我不必感到害怕，因为我可以简单地解释我受伤了，不能再参加了。A. jump up跳起来；B. give up放弃；C. take part参加；D. stand out出众。根据上文“I had hurt myself”可知，此处表示“我可以简单地解释我受伤了，不能再参加了”，故选C。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就像卸下了我肩上的重担。A. separated分开；B. protected保护；C. borrowed借；D. removed移走。根据上文“I felt somehow relieved”可知，作者因为不用参加比赛感到解脱，就像是肩上的负担被移走了。故选D。
51．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我相信我可以做任何事，我的身体也愿意做出惊人的事情。A. willing愿意的；B. energetic精力充沛的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. afraid害怕的。根据上文“I believe that I can do anything”可知，作者相信自己可以做任何事，他的身体也愿意去做一些令人惊奇的事情。故选A。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，在努力训练的时候，我又受伤了。A. injured使受伤；B. punished惩罚；C. invited邀请；D. fired解雇，开除。根据下文“I hurt my knee”可知，作者又一次受了伤，故选A。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想用它作为我不能跑步的借口，但几分钟后我就把它放弃了。A. eyes眼睛；B. faces脸；C. mind思维；D. stomach胃部。根据下文“but I threw it away after a couple of minutes”可知，此处表示“我想用它作为我不能跑步的借口，但几分钟后我就把它放弃了”，come across one’s mind意为“脑中一闪而过”，故选C。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那激动人心的一天，我冲到了终点线，虽然成绩并不好。A. carried搬运；B. made使成功，使圆满；C. threw扔；D. failed失败。根据下文“though not a good result”可知，作者跑完了全程马拉松，短语make it意为“完成；达到目标”，故选B。
55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是我跑过的最远的距离，我从未想过有可能。A. farthest最远的；B. shortest最短的；C. worst最坏的；D. easiest最容易的。根据下文“I’ve ever run, one I had never thought possible”可知，作者跑了自己从未想过的最远的距离，故选A。

56．which 57．how 58．Traditionally 59．biggest 60．known 61．it 62．but 63．to work 64．were added 65．referred

【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英文中“dinner”一词的含义是如何从“早餐”成为了如今“晚餐”的含义的。
56．考查定语从句。句意：它来自古法语单词disnar，实际上意思是“早餐”。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词disnar，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词which引导，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
57．考查疑问词。句意：那么这个词是如何有了不同的含义的呢？此处对方式提问，表示“如何”应用疑问词how。故填how。
58．考查副词。句意：传统上，晚餐（我们现在所说的早餐）是一天中的第一顿饭，大约在中午吃。修饰后文整个句子，应用副词traditionally作状语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Traditionally。
59．考查形容词最高级。句意：这顿饭碰巧也是一天中最丰盛的一餐，稍后的清淡饭菜则被称为晚餐。根据上文定冠词the，以及句意“最丰盛的”可知，big应用形容词最高级形式。故填biggest。
60．考查非谓语动词。句意：这顿饭碰巧也是一天中最丰盛的一餐，稍后的清淡饭菜则被称为晚餐。结合句意表示“被称为……”可知，短语为be known as，此处省略be动词，用过去分词作状语。故填known。
61．考查it用法。句意：今天，许多人觉得奇怪的是，一天中最丰盛的一餐曾经集中在中午，但它在当时是很有意义的。此处为“find it adj. that…”句型，it作形式宾语，that从句为真正宾语。故填it。
62．考查连词。句意：今天，许多人觉得奇怪的是，一天中最丰盛的一餐曾经集中在中午，但它在当时是很有意义的。上文提到许多人对于一天中最丰盛的一餐曾经集中在中午感觉奇怪，后文则提到这一做法在当时很有意义，前后为转折关系，应用连词but。故填but。
63．考查非谓语动词。句意：所以人们在日落的时候就睡觉了，因为在黑暗中工作和吃饭是很困难的。此处为句型“it be adj. to do sth.”，it作形式主语，不定式为真正主语。故填to work。
64．考查动词时态语态。句意：最终，一天中添加了更多的膳食。句子描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时，主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为meals，谓语动词用复数。故填were added。
65．考查动词时态。句意：所以这个词曾经指的是我们的第一顿饭，现在指的是我们的最后一餐。refer在从句中作谓语，结合上文once可知，描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填referred。
66．precious/recious
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我下定决心要更加努力地学习，而不是把宝贵的时间浪费在那些无用的事情上。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词time，由首字母提示p可知，“宝贵的”是precious。故填precious。
67．energetic/nergetic
【详解】考查形容词。句意：有些人在早上精力充沛，而有些人在晚上精力充沛。空格处用形容词作表语，由首字母提示e可知，“精力充沛的”的形容词是energetic，和前面的more构成比较级，故填energetic。
68．replaced/eplaced
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：计算机已经在我们生活的许多领域取代了人类，使我们的工作更容易。根据首字母和汉语提示可知，“取代”是replace，have+过去分词，是现在完成时。故填replaced。
69．diverse/iverse
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这份报纸的目的是报道各种各样的问题。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词range，由首字母提示d可知，“多种多样的”是diverse，故填diverse。
70．claimed/laimed
【详解】考查动词以及时态。句意：科学家们声称他们上个月在抗癌方面有了重大发现。分析句子结构可知，设空处在主句中作谓语动词，动词claim“宣称；声称”符合句意；根据句意以及宾语从句中的谓语动词had made可知，从句谓语动词发生在主句谓语动词claim之前，所以claim应用一般过去时态，且主语The scientists与动词claim之间为主动关系。故填claimed。
71．financial/inancial
【详解】考查形容词。句意：政府为负担不起学费的贫困学生提供经济支持。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词support，由首字母提示f可知，“经济的”是financial，故填financial。
72．grateful/rateful
【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果你能早点给我答复，我将不胜感激。根据空格前的系动词be可知，空格处应填形容词作表语，结合汉语提示“感激的”是grateful。故填grateful。
73．decorated/ecorated
【详解】考查被动语态。句意：他们的教室装饰着科学家的画像。由首字母提示d可知，“装饰”是decorate，教室是被装饰，“被装饰着……”是be decorated with，因此空格处是decorated。故填decorated。
74．admitted/dmitted
【详解】考查动词。句意：他承认了自己的错误。由首字母提示a可知，“承认”是admit，句中描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式admitted，故填admitted。
75．limited/imited
【详解】考查形容词。句意：马克说他的英语水平很有限，有些习语他不太懂。根据单词首字母以及汉语提示可知应填形容词limited，作表语。故填limited。
76．living
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多住在这里的人来自墨西哥或中美洲。句中谓语是are，空格处用非谓语动词，people和live之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词作后置定语，故填living。
77．To earn
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了谋生，一些人在唐人街开了商店和餐馆。opened up是谓语动词，空格处应填动词不定式作目的状语。故填To earn。
78．which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：同年，在旧金山附近发现了金矿，掀起了淘金热。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，主语指的是前面整个主句的内容，因此空格处用which引导定语从句，故填which。
79．from
【详解】考查介词。句意：八年后，林先生以文海奖学金从北京联合医学院毕业。根据下文“Peking Union Medical College(北京联合医学院)”可推理出此处上下文说的是从北京联合医学院毕业。分析句子结构，graduate from为固定句型，含义为“从……毕业”，符合语境，故填from。
80．what
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：但是或许许多游客和旧金山的人关于华人街最看重的是它的饮食。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，表示“……的事物”，在主语从句中 treasure 缺少宾语，所以填what。
81．Dear Tom,
How are you? Glad to tell you something about mobile payment in China.
Mobile payment is very popular in China. It has made people’s daily life more and more convenient. Most of us are used to paying by scanning QR codes.
By mobile payment, we can pay easily wherever we go. You can buy breakfast on the street and pay by scanning with your smart phone. In the subway station, you scan with your smart phone to purchase your ticket. This is a glimpse into the life of most Chinese - allowing us to bid farewell to the wallet and bank cards.
Mobile payment has greatly changed people's lives in China. It seems that China is really leading in some ways and is also sweeping other nations.
Looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours,
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用类作文，是一封信。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom听说在中国通过扫描二维码（scan QR code）就可以轻松实现移动支付（mobile payment），感到不可思议。请你写封邮件告知移动支付在中国的相关情况。时态应为一般现在时。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：mobile payment移动支付，popular受欢迎，convenient方便的，scan扫描，smart phone智能手机，subway station地铁车站，purchase购买，glimpse一瞥，bid farewell to告别，bank cards银行卡。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
亮点说明：作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如：By mobile payment, we can pay easily wherever we go.让步状语从句的运用。本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。