2023高考英语二轮专题复习与测试题型组合练二阅读综合练Ⅱ

这是一份2023高考英语二轮专题复习与测试题型组合练二阅读综合练Ⅱ，共9页。
题型组合练（二）　阅读综合练（Ⅱ）
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
（2022·沈阳高三教学质量监测）The world produces around 359 million tons of plastics each year.Plastics are certainly a big problem，but they don't necessarily have to be.There are many ways we could set plastics on a different lifecycle.One that I have been working on is turning plastics into hard，reliable and sustainable building materials.
Most people believe that plastic recycling is severely limited：Only a few types can be recycled.This is unsurprising.The proportion（比例）of plastics that are recycled is minimal.But all polymers（聚合物）are，technologically，recyclable.Some of them can be used again and again to produce the same goods.Some can technically be reprocessed into new materials for different applications.
The problem is that recycling much of this plastic waste is currently unprofitable.But the amount of these materials all over the world is large and keeps on growing.What if this plastic waste could be used to produce something useful to the society？Many universities and business people are attempting to do this.Most solutions target mixed plastic waste and suggest applications different from the original ones.For example，several groups have developed building materials made of plastic waste.Plastics are strong，durable，waterproof，lightweight and recyclable—all key properties for construction materials.So what if all of this plastic waste could be turned into building materials for low­income populations？Existing initiatives are promising，but not yet reproducible on an industrial scale.
I study plastic waste with the aim of finding interesting ways to remove it from the environment.From agricultural waste to concrete waste，mixed with recycled plastics，there are many ways to obtain materials to produce bricks and other useful elements for buildings.So perhaps plastics are not necessarily the problem.They can be part of a pathway towards a more sustainable way of living.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。主要说明了全球每年产生大量的塑料垃圾，如何回收利用这些垃圾成了人们思考的问题。
1.What's people's common belief about plastic recycling？
A.Almost all plastic waste can be reused.
B.The methods are quite limited.
C.Not many kinds of plastics are recyclable.
D.The amount of plastics is unbelievably large.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Most people believe...be recycled”可知，大多数人认为塑料回收受到严格限制：只有几种类型的塑料可以回收。
答案：C
2.What can be learned from Paragraph 3？
A.Plastic waste is on the decline globally.
B.Recycling plastics doesn't make money now.
C.Plastic buildings have been largely constructed.
D.New applications of plastics haven't been found.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“The problem is...currently unprofitable”可知，回收塑料垃圾目前是无利可图的。
答案：B
3.Why can plastics make good building materials？
A.They can resist water and won't last long.
B.They can be reproduced in large quantity.
C.They satisfy the needs of low­income people.
D.They meet most demands of building materials.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第七句“Plastics are strong...for construction materials”可知，塑料的坚固、耐用、防水、轻便、可回收等特性满足建筑材料的要求。
答案：D
4.What's the author's attitude to plastic recycling？
A.Positive.　　　　　　　　 B.Anxious.
C.Doubtful. D.Critical.
解析：推理判断题。根据尾段最后三句“From agricultural waste...way of living”可知，将农业废料和混凝土废料与回收塑料混合可以生产很多有用的建筑材料；或许塑料未必是问题，而是可持续的生活方式的一部分。据此可知，作者对塑料回收持积极的态度。
答案：A
B
（2022·沈阳市郊联体下学期高三一模）I started the latest round of the NutriFit programme a few weeks ago.We take about 45 minutes to go through participants' health records，previous diets，expectations，and levels of their willingness to change to customize（订制）the programme to meet each individual's needs.
I was shocked by one thing.When it comes to weight­loss goals，I usually ask，“When was the last time you were happy with your body？”The reply usually relates to pre­wedding，pre­kids，pre­college—the usual suspects.However this time，almost everyone said，“Of course，I wasn't happy with it then，but I'd be happy with it now！”
It made me stop to think.For most of us，no matter how much we don't really like the body shape，there will likely be a point in the future when we would kill ourselves for the body we currently have.I don't mean to discourage anyone from improving their health right now，but maybe we need to stop and smell the roses.We should be happy and grateful for our bodies exactly as they are.
That's why NutriFit has changed into something much more holistic（全面的）.Now we have every shape and size taking part，but the goals are so much bigger：disease prevention，more energy and clarity，better immunity，well­balanced hormones...The list goes on.Yes，we get great body composition results but you are about so much more than what your body looks like.
In my opinion，the key rule of a successful nutrition programme is to be based on real food.If you focus more on balanced diets and less on weight，it becomes a mentally healthier process.If you're going to maintain your new，healthy lifestyle，it needs to be something you actively enjoy—a lifestyle that you want to maintain.If you eat healthily because you want to，rather than you have to，life gets 1，000 percent easier.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者在开展最新一轮NutriFit项目时发现，现在的人更关注身体的健康，而不是只关注体形体重，于是NutriFit项目变成更加全面的项目。
5.What did the author do to customize the programme for individuals？
A.Analyze and adjust participants' dietary structure.
B.Examine participants' physical health condition.
C.Make clear of people's health history and plans.
D.Introduce the programme in detail.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“We take about...each individual's needs”可知，作者和其他人花了约45分钟浏览了参与者的健康记录、以前的饮食、期望和改变意愿的程度，从而订制满足个人需求的NutriFit项目。由此可知，为了满足个人的需求来订制NutriFit项目，作者弄清楚了每个人的健康史和计划。
答案：C
6.What made the author shocked？
A.People's discontent with their previous life.
B.People's optimism about their current body.
C.People's satisfaction with their former body.
D.People's ambitious goals of losing weight.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，当作者问到最近一次对自己的身体感到满意是在什么时候时，人们的回答通常都是“婚前”等等，然而这次几乎每个人都回答之前对自己的身体不满意，但现在对自己的身体满意了。人们做出这样的回答，让作者感到震惊。
答案：C
7.What does NutriFit pay attention to now？
A.People's image. B.People's health.
C.People's weight. D.People's appearance.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段尾句，再结合第四段首句和第五段内容可知，作者认为我们应该对当前的身体感到满意，感激身体现状，多关注饮食平衡，少关注体重。由此可推知，NutriFit项目现在关注人们的健康。
答案：B
8.What should a successful nutrition programme focus on in the author's view？
A.A healthy lifestyle.
B.A sound exercise plan.
C.Enough nutritious food.
D.Weight loss.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者认为一个成功的营养项目的关键是基于真正的饮食。如果你更多地关注均衡的饮食，少关注体重，在精神上你会变得更健康；如果你想维持健康的生活方式，你需要打心底里喜欢并且想去维持这种生活方式。由此可推断，一个成功的营养项目应该关注健康的生活方式。
答案：A
C
（2022·厦门高三毕业班第二次质量检测）Time zones were created by railroad officials to deal with a major headache.It was becoming impossible to know what time it was.At that time each town or city in the US kept its own solar time.“Fifty­six standards of time are now employed by the various railroads in preparing their schedules of running time，”reported TheNewYorkTimes on April 19，1883.
In 1883，railroad representatives attended the General Railroad Time Convention.On April 11，railroad officials agreed to create five time zones in North America.And the new standard took effect on November 18，1883.
Though the new time standard was not sanctioned by the federal government，the Naval Observatory in Washington offered to send，by telegraph，a new time signal so that people could synchronize（同步）their watches.Most people had no objection to the new time standard.An article in TheNewYorkTimes on November 16，1883 noted，“The passenger from Chicago to New Orleans，can make the entire run without changing his watch.”
As the time change was instituted by the railroads，and voluntarily accepted by many towns and cities，some incidents of confusion appeared.A report in ThePhiladelphiaInquireronNovember 21，1883，described an incident where a debtor had been ordered to report to a Boston courtroom before 10：00.He appeared at 9：48，standard time，but the court ruled that it was after 10：00.
Incidents like that demonstrated the need for everyone to adopt the new standard time.However，there were objections.An item in TheNewYorkTimes on June 28，1884，detailed how the city of Louisville had given up on standard time.Louisville set all its clocks ahead 18 minutes to return to solar time.
By the 1890s，standard time and time zones were accepted as the ordinary.The successful adoption in the US in 1883 set an example of how time zones could spread across the globe.The following year，a conference in Paris created the time zones worldwide and eventually they came into use.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了时区的由来以及它是如何走向全球的。
9.What was the headache of the railroad officers？
A.Various railroads. B.Difference in solar time.
C.Endless conferences. D.Frequent press coverage.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段前三句可知，当时美国的每个城镇都有自己的太阳时区，“知道时间”变得不可能。据此可知，美国的每个城镇都有自己不同的太阳时区让铁路官员非常头疼。
答案：B
10.What does the underlined word“sanctioned”in Paragraph 3 probably mean？
A.Approved. B.Replaced.
C.Tested. D.Raised.
解析：词句猜测题。根据第三段画线词后的“the Naval Observatory...their watches”可知，但华盛顿的海军天文台主动提出通过电报发送新的时间信号，以便人们可以同步他们的手表。再结合画线词前的Though可知，新的时间标准没有得到联邦政府的批准，由此可知画线词意为“批准”。
答案：A
11.Evidence of opposition to standard time was available in　　　　.
A.TheNewYorkTimes（April 19，1883 ）
B.TheNewYorkTimes（November 16，1883）
C.ThePhiladelphiaInquirer（November 21，1883 ）
D.TheNewYorkTimes（June 28，1884）
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“However，there were objections.An item...solar time”可知，1884年6月28日《纽约时报》的一则新闻详述了路易斯维尔市放弃标准时间的过程，由此推知反对标准时间的证据可以在这则新闻中找到。
答案：D
12.What is the last paragraph mainly about？
A.The US simplified time zones.
B.Paris created its time zone.
C.Time zones went worldwide.
D.Time zones proved effective.
解析：主旨大意题。根据最后一段的内容可知，到了19世纪90年代，标准时间和时区被视为普通时区。1883年美国的成功采用为时区如何在全球传播树立了榜样。第二年，巴黎的一次会议确立了全球时区，最终它们投入使用。本段主要介绍了时区是如何走向全球的。
答案：C
D
What about your emotions？How do they help you to understand what you are reading？
In Jane Yolen's OwlMoon，a girl explores with her father on a snowy night.She longs for this special night.And she's amazed when she sees an owl.Have you felt longing before？Amazement？Well，if you have，it helps you have a sense of agreement.When we can put ourselves inside a story we can understand it better.Our brain tells us，“Oh，this girl's experience is a bit like mine.”We can relate to her.But this skill is not born in us.So young kids have to learn it.
Pictures and images help young readers to understand and recognize feelings.Readers feel joy when seeing the smiling faces of friends.They feel fear when turning the page to find a scary monster.They are just pictures，but the feelings are real.This skill，to understand the thinking and feeling of others，is what researchers call “theory of mind”.
For example，think about the faces of people and animals in stories—the Big Bad Wolf's scary teeth，the“o”shape of a surprised character's mouth，or big，wide eyes like the girl's in OwlMoon.By noticing the faces，readers can start to figure out what it feels like to be that character.And that helps to figure out how people feel and think in real life.
But most young readers don't go into deep，scary woods.And some may not go to the beach or play basketball.In the book Yo！Yes？，two kids meet and play ball.The kids start the story on opposite pages.But as the story goes on，they get closer until they are together.Some young readers might not play basketball，but they can read the clues on the page to figure out how the kids are feeling.And some readers might not like the game，but they can feel excited for the characters because of how the characters look and move.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了情感如何帮助你理解你所阅读的东西。通过图画和图像，读者能理解并识别情感从而更深地走进故事，加强理解。
13.What can we learn from the second paragraph？
A.OwlMoon talks about the exploration of the Moon.
B.The feeling of “amazement” is a sense of agreement.
C.Readers are blessed with the ability to understand others.
D.Readers with similar experience understand the story better.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“When we can put ourselves inside a story we can understand it better.”可知，从第二段我们能了解到有类似经历的读者能更好地理解这个故事。
答案：D
14.Which of the following might help readers develop“theory of mind”？
A.True feelings. B.Smiling faces.
C.Picture books. D.Reading skills.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Pictures and images help young readers to understand and recognize feelings.”及“This skill，to understand the thinking and feeling of others，is what researchers call ‘theory of mind’.”可知，能理解他人的想法和感觉的能力被称为心智理论，而图画和图像能帮助年幼的读者理解并识别感觉，因此图画书能帮助读者发展心智理论。
答案：C
15.Young readers can go deeper into a story by　　　　.
A.tracking the plot
B.developing new skills
C.sharing similar hobbies
D.analyzing the background
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Some young readers...look and move.”可知，年幼的读者通过对故事情节的不断了解能更深入地走进故事。
答案：A
16.What is the text mainly about？
A.How thinking influences reading.
B.How readers improve reading skills.
C.How emotions help enhance reading.
D.How kids figure out the clues of stories.
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是第一段内容可知，本文主要讲述了情感如何帮助提高阅读能力。
答案：C
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
How to Start a Habit of Making Art
Making art can reduce stress and anxiety and improve your mood.But you don't have to be a full­time artist to get those health benefits.　17　 And the more you do it，the better.Here are the things you need to know to kick­start your creative art habit.
　18　 In fact，there are no differences in health outcomes between those who identify themselves as experienced artists and those who don't.So no matter what your skill level is，you'll be able to feel all the good things coming with making art.
It's good to figure out your way of creative expression.Start with what you enjoy.Anything that engages（吸引住）your creative mind is good for you.You can do that through many activities：finger painting，cooking，baking，oil painting.And don't feel like you have to stick to one thing.　19　
You can think about making art like any healthy habit，such as eating well or exercising.Just as you make time to work，exercise and hang out with friends，you should make time for your artistic creation.Doing just 10 minutes of art each day can do wonders.In addition to carving out time，you can also carve out a physical space in your home for art.　20　 If space is an issue，put it all in a container that's easily accessible.
The more you're able to make art a regular habit，the more you're likely to get this great reward：this wonderful thing that happens when you're in the zone.　21　 We can feel that flow when filling in lines with colour and when drawing pleasing backgrounds，such as jungle or garden scenes.
A.Scientists call it “flow”.
B.Do whatever you're interested in.
C.All you need to do is just make art.
D.It frees me up to explore new ideas.
E.Set up a corner table for your art supplies.
F.Making art helps us make sense of feelings.
G.Everyone has the ability of creative expression.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了艺术创作对身心健康的作用以及如何培养艺术创作习惯。
17.解析：根据空处上句可知，你无需成为全职的艺术家来获得这些健康益处；根据空处下句可知，你做得越多越好。据此可知，空处应介绍你需要做的事情。C项（你所需要做的就是进行艺术创作）承上启下，符合语境。
答案：C
18.解析：根据空处位置并结合文章结构可知，空处为该段主旨句；根据空后内容可知，该段主要说明每个人都有创造性表达能力，G项符合语境。
答案：G
19.解析：根据空处上文可知，你可以通过很多活动来做到这一点：手指画、烹饪、烘焙、油画。不要觉得你必须坚持做一件事。据此可知，B项（做你感兴趣的事情）承接上文，符合语境。
答案：B
20.解析：根据空前一句可知，除了腾出时间，你还可以在家里腾出一个地方来进行艺术创作。故E项（在角落摆一张桌子放你的艺术用品）承接上文，符合语境。
答案：E
21.解析：A项中的flow与空后一句中的flow相呼应，代入A项后可知，A项中的it指代空前一句中的this wonderful thing，A项承上启下，符合语境。
答案：A