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高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration巩固练习
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这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration巩固练习，共16页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7， B．7603，5分，满分37， B．In 1940等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What's the prbable relatinship between the tw speakers?
A．Teacher and student. B．Dctr and patient. C．Husband and wife.
2．Where is Tm prbably nw?
A．In the schl. B．In the ffice. C．In the library.
3．Wh sent the man a pstcard?
A．Carl. B．Tim. C．The wman.
4．What did the wman frget t d?
A．T write a letter. B．T pst a letter. C．T walk past the pst ffice.
5．What is the man ging t d?
A．T g swimming. B．T g skating. C．T change his mind.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。
6．What are the man and the wman talking abut?
A．Eating in a restaurant. B．A small restaurant. C．The histry f a cmpany.
7．Hw many McDnald's were there in the wrld in 1982?
A．7063. B．7603. C．1283.
8．Why d wrkers buy lunches in McDnald's?
A．The emplyees there are helpful and plite.
B．The fd tastes better than their lunches frm hme.
C．The tables and flrs are clean.
听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。
9．What des Rgers mean in this cnversatin?
A．Tm's friends. B．Tm's teachers. C．The name f a shp.
10．What des Tm tell his mther in yesterday's letter?
A．He had fund a jb. B．He had lst his new jb. C．He had just bught a car.
11．Why didn't Tm tell his mther abut his jb?
A．Because he didn't want her t wrry abut his jb.
B．Because he didn't want her t wrry abut his life.
C．Because he didn't want her t wrry abut his study.
听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。
12．Why has the wman decided nt t wrk at the by's camp?
A．She hasn't wrked there befre. B．She knws little abut the camp.
C．She wants t be better paid.
13．Wh nce wrked at the Hllywd Htel?
A．A friend f the man's. B．The man's sister. C．The man himself.
14．What kind f jb wuld the wman like t d?
A．A jb in a schl. B．A jb in the pen air. C．A jb at the htel.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15．Where des the cnversatin take place?
A．At a seafd restaurant. B．In a dining hall. C．On the phne.
16．What d we knw abut the restaurant?
A．It is famus fr seafd. B．It seldm accepts large parties.
C．Famus peple ften cme t it.
17．What can we knw frm the cnversatin?
A．The restaurant is near the sea.
B．Seafd is very ppular nwadays.
C．Regular custmers have advantages there.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．When did Grandma Mses turn t painting?
A．At the age f 76. B．At the age f 39. C．At the age f 101.
19．What did Grandma Mses d befre she became an artist?
A．She sld ther artists' wrks in a shp. B．She wrked n her farm.
C．She taught at a schl.
20．What is the stry mainly abut?
A．A famus American artist. B．Making mney frm painting.
C．Cllecting paintings.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Sme Famus Peple With Surprising Achievements
Hedy Lamarr—WiFi
Austrianbrn film star Hedy Lamarr was a bxffice hit during the Hllywd Glden Age in the late 1930s and early 1940s. During Wrld War II, she wrked n a trped guidance system which frms the basis f tday's Bluetth and WiFi cmmunicatins. Patented (获得专利权) in 1942 tgether with cmpser Gerge Antheil, their device was used during the war. Surprisingly, neither Lamarr nr Antheil prfited frm their inventin during their lifetimes.
Uri Geller—Radiatin Shield (辐射防护屏)
As an IsraeliBritish magician, Uri Geller is bestknwn fr using “mind pwer” t bend spns n live TV. Hwever, a lessknwn achievement is his inventin f a radiatin shield t prtect cell phne users frm the radiatin. Patented in 1998, the shield cvers the device cmpletely t prtect users frm the harmful effects f radiatin frm cell phnes and ther hand－held devices.
Jamie Lee Curtis—Baby Diaper (尿布)
Jamie Lee Curtis was a screen legend. She has featured in many mvies during her career. With a busy acting schedule, it's quite surprising that she fund time t turn her hand t inventin. Curtis actually patented a baby diaper during 1980s, aiming at imprving the traditinal diaper design.
Gary Burghff—Fishing Equipment
American actr Gary Burghff is bestknwn fr his rle in the 1970s' TV series M*A*S*H. Burghff als has a gift fr inventing things. He hlds tw patents fr “Chum Magic，” a fishing device that attracts fish t the bat, as well as a fishing ple.
21．When did Uri Geller get the patent n his inventin?
A．In 1930. B．In 1940. C．In 1970. D．In 1998.
22．What d Hedy Lamarr and Jamie Lee Curtis have in cmmn?
A．They are actresses. B．They are magicians.
C．They were brn in Austria. D．They gt their patents in 1980s.
23．Whse patent is related t fishing?
A．Hedy Lamarr's. B．Uri Geller's.
C．Jamie Lee Curtis's. D．Gary Burghff's.
B
This jurney began this mrning almst an hur later than I had planned, althugh I had cmpleted my packing befre eight 'clck. I was quite clear abut the fact that nce I left, my huse wuld stand empty fr prbably the first time since the day it was built. It was a strange feeling and perhaps explains why I was leaving s late, walking arund the huse many times ver, checking ne last time t see that all was in rder.
It is hard t explain my feelings nce I did finally set ff. As I drve further and further frm the huse, I fund the surrundings (周围的事物) grw unrecgnizable. I began t have a feeling f unease mixed with excitement. I tk a turning and fund myself n a rad circling the edge f a hill. I culd sense the steep (陡峭的) drp t my left. I felt a sense f alarm that I was perhaps nt n the crrect rad at all, but speeding ff in the wrng directin int a wilderness. It was nly the feeling f a mment, but it caused me t slw dwn. And even when I was sure I was n the right rad, I felt frced t stp the car a mment t think carefully.
I decided t step ut and stretch(伸展) my legs a little. On the ne side f the rad, thickets and small trees rse sharply, while n the ther I culd nw see the distant cuntryside and a twn nearby.
I was walking a little way alng the radside when I heard a vice behind me. Until this pint I had believed myself quite alne and I turned in sme surprise. Sitting n the large stne was a thin, whitehaired man, he called t me again and signaled me t jin him. Fr a mment，I tk him fr a hmeless man, but then I saw he was just sme lcal man enjying the fresh air and summer sunshine, and saw n reasn nt t d s.
24．Why did the authr set ff later than planned?
A．He repeatedly checked the huse.
B．He was feeling sad abut leaving the huse.
C．Packing his belngings tk lnger than expected.
D．There was n ne t help him get everything ready.
25．What caused the authr t start driving mre slwly?
A．The rad had becme steep. B．He realized he was driving t fast.
C．The beautiful scenery attracted him. D．He suddenly feared that he might get lst.
26．When the authr walked ut f his car, he ________.
A．didn't expect t see anyne else B．didn't want t speak t anybdy else
C．didn't knw there was a twn nearby D．culdn't see anything because f the tree
27．What was the authr's attitude t his trip?
A．He just wanted t finish it. B．He felt unable t cntinue it.
C．He regretted having started it. D．He had mixed feelings abut it.
C
Trees are useful t man in three very imprtant ways：they prvide him with wd and ther prducts; they give him shade; and they help t prevent drughts (干旱) and flds.
Unfrtunately, in many parts f the wrld, man has nt realized that the third f these services is the mst imprtant. In his eagerness t draw quick prfit frm the trees, he has cut them dwn in large numbers.
Tw thusand years ag，a rich and pwerful cuntry cut dwn its trees t build warships, with which t gain itself an empire. It gained the empire but, withut its trees, its sil became bare and pr. When the empire fell t pieces, the cuntry fund itself faced with flds and starvatin.
Even thugh a gvernment realizes the imprtance f a plentiful supply f trees, it is difficult smetimes t make the peple realize this. They cut dwn the trees but are t careless t plant and lk after new trees. S unless the gvernment has a gd system f cntrl, r can educate the peple, the frests slwly disappear.
This des nt nly mean that there will be fewer trees. The results are even mre serius：fr where there are trees，their rts break the sil up, allwing the rain t sink in, and als bind the sil. This prevents the sil frm being washed away. But where there are n trees, the rain falls n hard grund and flws away n the surface, and this causes flds and the rain carries away the rich tp sil in which crps grw. When all the tp sil is gne, nthing remains but wrthless desert.
28．What's the mst imprtant reasn that trees are useful t mankind?
A．They keep us frm the ht sunshine.
B．They prtect us frm drughts and flds.
C．They make us draw quick prfit frm them.
D．They enable us t build warships.
29．What's a great pity accrding t the passage?
A．Man hasn't realized the imprtance f trees.
B．Man is eager t prfit frm trees.
C．Man is nly interested in building empires.
D．Man hasn't fund ut that he has lst all trees.
30．The frests will disappear ________.
A．unless a cuntry has a plenty supply f trees
B．unless peple stp cutting dwn their trees
C．unless the gvernment punishes thse wh cut trees instead f planting them
D．unless all peple are taught the imprtance f planting trees
31．What's the prbable meaning f the underlined wrd “bind” in Paragraph 5?
A．T wash away. B．T make stay tgether.
C．T make wet. D．T imprve.
D
[2022·河北邢台高一月考]It is reprted that at present NASA is mainly preparing t make anther great step in human space explratin after they made their first trip t the mn, that is, a jurney t Mars.
Every few years, NASA invites individuals t apply t becme astrnauts. In previus years, the largest number f applicants was 8，000 in 1978. This time，18，300 hpeful astrnauts applied.
Why is there s much lve fr space explratin? I recently visited the Jhnsn Space Center in Hustn, Texas, t find ut the answer.“NASA tried t spread the annuncement as widely as pssible this time，”said Anne Remer, wh manages the astrnaut selectin prgram.“Pp culture als wrked in ur favr, if yu lk at the mvies TheMartian and Interstellar.”
In rder t becme an astrnaut, an applicant must have a degree in science, math, r engineering, and at least three years' prfessinal experience in his r her chsen field.
Highly qualified (有资格的) applicants are called in fr interviews and t g thrugh a lengthy selectin prcess.“NASA fcuses n chsing peple wh can get alng with thers fr a lng perid f time, knw hw t cmmunicate clearly, and listen t and understand thers，”said Christina Kch, an astrnaut wh was selected in the 2013 class.
The current selectin prcess ended in late 2018. Eight t furteen talented applicants were chsen. They wuld then underg tw years f training t becme missinready astrnauts.“We d a lt f grup activities，”Kch said.“We get t knw ur teammates and learn hw we can develp gd behavir when we take a risky task.”
“We're further dwn the path t sending humans t Mars than at any pint in NASA's histry，”said Charles Blden, the frmer NASA Administratr. With the spacecraft Orin in develpment, NASA is hping t send humans t Mars smetime in the 2030s.
Hw shuld astrnauts prepare？“D well at schl, take part in a lt f activities, and always try new things，”Remer advised. Since a Mars landing is prbably a few decades away, perhaps yu'll be n the first flight t the red planet!
32．What's NASA mainly ready t d nw accrding t the text?
A．Make a trip t the mn. B．Plan a new space explratin.
C．Prduce mre science fictin mvies. D．Welcme astrnauts back t the Earth.
33．Which f the fllwing qualities is needed fr NASA astrnauts?
A．Managing talent. B．Gd cmmunicatin skills.
C．The ability t train teammates. D．The lve fr rganizing grups.
34．What can we infer abut NASA's Mars landing plan?
A．18，300 astrnauts will land n Mars.
B．It will be carried ut in the next century.
C．The spacecraft Orin will be sent t Mars.
D．22 astrnauts will be chsen fr the missin.
35．What can be the best title fr the text?
A．Plan t Fly t Mars B．Be Ready fr a Trip
C．Live a Life in Space D．Try Out New Things
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Reslving (解决) Cnflict in Friendships
Cnflict is surely a cmmn prblem in life and friendships. __36__ That's because there isn't enugh depth t guarantee all the truble it takes t smth ver the disagreement. Unfrtunately, even when the friendship reaches a deeper level, cnflict cntinues t happen and can break apart a relatinship. Here are sme reslutins.
Reslve it the day it happens. One rule my parents fllw in their marriage is that they dn't g t bed angry with each ther. They always attempt t reslve things the day it happens s that in the mrning, it's a fresh start with n past grudge (怨恨). I've fund I need a shrt cl dwn perid s that I dn't act in anger. __37__ Whatever yu d, dn't let things ride fr t lng.
__38__ Smetimes if yu sit dwn and talk things ver, yu begin t see where the ther persn is cming frm. Realize that everyne has been created differently with varius talents, abilities, and persnality traits. Fr example, yu might be a leader while yur friend is mre f a fllwer. Yu may be frustrated with him r her fr nt being very decisive. Yet it is imprtant t understand that each persn is unique and needs t be appreciated.
Initiate reslutin. __39__ Even when yu think the ther persn is wrng，it's nt a bad thing t say “I'm srry if I ffended yu in that way.” If yu're hnest and genuine in delivering yur wrds, there's a gd chance yur friend will respnd psitively.
Mst imprtantly, be lving in what yu d. Try t fcus n peacefully reslving the disagreement. It is nt a mst pleasant task t reslve cnflict in any friendship. __40__
A．Dn't expect t much.
B．Try t see the ther persn's perspective.
C．Be the first persn in a fight t say srry fr yur part.
D．Many shallw friendships end up being ruined after an argument.
E．T say srry bravely when a cnflict breaks ut is a better reslutin.
F．Hwever, it is wrth the effrts because it results in a deeper friendship.
G．Fr sme, cunting t ne hundred befre saying anything may be an ptin.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
There is an ld stry that always brings a smile t my face. One day a man was walking dwn the street when he saw his friend crawling (爬行) arund __41__ smething. “What are yu ding n the grund？” the man asked his friend. His friend said, “I __42__ my key.” The man felt srry fr his friend and gt dwn t__43__. After a lng time f searching withut__44__， the man asked his friend where he prbably lst his key. The friend replied, “Prbably in my huse.” Feeling__45__， the man asked why he was searching n the street then. His friend said, “Because there is mre __46__ here.”
Thugh it sunds__47__， it is what a lt f peple d. They want t knw the __48__ f their lives. They want t __49__ the secret t their wn happiness. Yet, they lk everywhere except the inside f themselves. Perhaps they think it is t dark and __50__ t lk within fr the __51__. They keep lking utside instead because they think the light is better there.
The __52__ is if they are willing t lk within, they will find a light far brighter than any utside. They will find the glw (光) f their wn hearts that has been patiently waiting fr their __53__. They will find a beautiful fire that will warm their hearts and that they can give t everyne everywhere.
Dn't be__54__ t lk inside. The light utside is nt as bright as the lving light that __55__ frm yur wn heart. That is the light that will guide yu t a jyus life.
41．A.thinking abut B．waiting fr C．breaking up D．lking fr
42．A.lst B．turned C．used D．remved
43．A.watch B．ask C．help D．check
44．A.success B．interest C．difficulty D．peace
45．A.angry B．unlucky C．wrried D．tired
46．A.space B．light C．air D．luck
47．A.cmmn B．imprtant C．simple D．funny
48．A.rest B．purpse C．beginning D．principle
49．A.talk abut B．settle dwn C．think ver D．find ut
50．A.frightening B．disappinting C．bring D．tiring
51．A.sides B．situatins C．answers D．steps
52．A.idea B．reasn C．cnditin D．truth
53．A.call B．arrival C．advice D．light
54．A.sad B．slw C．afraid D．nervus
55．A.rises B．falls C．returns D．shines
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Fr centuries, peple dreamed abut leaving Earth and travelling t ther wrlds. Then, in 1957, the Sviet Unin 56.________ (make)the first small step int space 57.________ sending up a small satellite called Sputnik.
Early space activities were cnducted 58.________ (main) by the United States and the Sviet Unin. But as time went by, Eurpe and Japan als learned hw t build 59.________ (they) wn satellites and rckets. Tday, cuntries such as China, India, Suth Krea, Israel and Brazil are als develping space industries.
During the last 60 years, unmanned prbes (探测器) have been sent twards many f the planets 60.________(exist) in the Slar System. Many space bservatries, such as the Hubble Space Telescpe, have been created t lk at the 61.________ (distance) universe. They have sent back sme amazing pictures taken in visible (可见的) light. And they can als bserve stars that are invisible t human eyes. The fld f 62.________(discvery) has changed the way we lk at the universe.
Mre than 500 peple have flwn in space since Yuri Gagarin paved the way in 1961.20 peple have travelled t the mn, 12 f 63.________ have walked n the mn. S far, space statins 64.________(build), and astrnauts have learned t live and wrk in space fr many mnths 65.________ even years.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
你校英文报的Astrnmy 栏目正在举办征文比赛，你寒假参加过王教授在你市科技博物馆举办的天文知识讲座。请你根据自己的经历写一篇短文给该报投稿，内容包括：
1．参加讲座的经历；
2．参加讲座后的心得体会。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jatin and his yunger sister, Neha, lived with their parents in a pr neighbrhd. Their mther was very sick and their father was struggling t find a jb, and they had nly a little mney with which t buy fd. As they had nt paid the rent fr several mnths, the landlrd was breathing dwn their necks (盯着他们).
One day, Jatin tk Neha's shes t a she repairman t be fixed, but he lst them n the way hme. It wasn't until he gt hme that he realized he had lst the shes. He was afraid that his parents wuld be angry and disappinted, s he begged his sister t keep it secret. Neha agreed and the tw decided t share Jatin's running shes. Neha's schl hurs were in the mrning, s she wuld wear them first. After schl, she wuld rush back and give them t Jatin. He culd then run t his schl, which began in the afternn. Althugh he ran as fast as he culd, Jatin ften arrived late and was warned by the schl.
A lng distance race was ging t be held fr the bys in the city. When Jatin learned that the third prize was a new pair f shes, he decided t take part. He ran hme excitedly and prmised his sister that he wuld win her the new shes.
The day f race arrived. Jatin had a strng start, but halfway thrugh the race he began t get tired and his legs began t ache. Getting mre and mre exhausted he thught nly f Neha and his prmise t her. Dreaming f the new shes he wuld win fr his sister gave him strength, and he stayed right behind the tw fastest runners, determined t finish third. Suddenly, as the finish line drew near, anther runner cllided (碰撞) with Jatin frm behind and Jatin crashed t the grund.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Jatin lked up and he saw the ther bys rushing ahead.
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Filled with pleasure, Jatin walked hme in n time.
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单元质量检测(四)
第一部分
听力材料
(Text 1)
M：Can I help yu?
W：Yes, I can't sleep well.
M：Hw can I help yu?
W：Can yu give me sme medicine s that I can have a gd sleep?
(Text 2)
M：Excuse me, I'd like t have a wrd with Tm.
W：Srry, he isn't here. He's gne t the library.
M：Oh, I'll leave him a message then.
(Text 3)
W：Carl sent me a pstcard yesterday.
M：I've gt ne frm Tim but nt frm Carl.
W：Oh，really? I haven't heard frm Tim many mnths.
(Text 4)
M：Did yu remember t pst the letter?
W：Well，I remember walking past the street.
M：But yu frgt t pst the letter.
W：I'm afraid s. I didn't remember yu telling me t pst the letter.
(Text 5)
M：I'm ging t change my mind t g swimming with yu.
W：That's wnderful.
M：When shall we g?
W：Half past tw this afternn.
(Text 6)
M：Is it true that fast fd restaurants are very ppular in the USA?
W：Yes, especially in big cities.
M：Why?
W：Because the fd is gd，the service is fast and the prices are lw.
M：Oh, that's gd.Then which restaurant is mst well－knwn?
W：McDnald's. By 1982, there were 7，063 McDnald's in the wrld, and abut 1，283 f them were in ther cuntries, such as Japan, West Germany，England and Australia.
M：I see. Hw abut the service and the fd?
W：Well, the emplyees there are helpful and plite, and the tables and flrs are very clean. Mst imprtantly, peple can get the same fd at any McDnald's in any state f the cuntry. The fd, f curse, is quite gd. French fries, the hamburgers, the sandwiches—are all specially prepared. Wrkers buy their lunches there because they taste better than their lunches frm hme.
M：Wh is the wner f McDnald's?
W：It was first wned by tw brthers，Richard and Maurice McDnald. Then, in 1960, Ray Krc, a 56－year－ld salesman, bught the name and mst f their restaurants fr $ 2.7 millin，and nw he is the wner.
(Text 7)
W：What are yu ding，Tm?
M：I'm writing t my mther.
W：But yu wrte her nly yesterday.
M：Yes，but I have smething new t tell her.
W：Smething new?
M：Yes. I am telling her I've decided t take up a part－time jb as a shp assistant.
W：What d yu mean? Yu've been wrking as ne fr nearly three mnths. Have yu been fired by Rgers?
M：N. My mther desn't knw I have a part－time jb.
W：Yu mean, yu didn't tell her befre?
M：N.
W：But why are yu telling her nw?
M：Nw I dn't want her t wrry abut my life here. Yu see, I tld her that I'd just bught a car in my last letter.
(Text 8)
M：It's almst vacatin time. Have yu fund a summer jb yet?
W：N，I dn't think I will wrk at the by's camp where I wrked last summer. Camp jbs dn't pay much.
M：I think I can find a jb at the Hllywd Htel. A friend f mine was a waiter last summer. The pay wasn't gd, but the tips were.
W：My sister wrked there last summer, making beds and cleaning bathrms. She didn't like it but she earned a lt f mney.
M：That sunds really gd.
W：Yes. And I want a jb utside. After sitting in cllege classes all winter, I'd like a jb in the pen air.
M：The high schl kids earn a lt f mney every summer cutting grass. My brther is nly furteen, but he gets five dllars every time he cuts the grass, and it nly takes him an hur. He just rides arund n the machine that he bught, and the machine des all the wrk.
W：That's pretty gd. I used t cut grass when I was in high schl. But nw I think I might wrk fr a rad－building cmpany, r d smething like that.
M：It culd be a gd experience. And yu culd earn a lt, t.
(Text 9)
W：Hell，Apple Tree Restaurant. Can I help yu?
M：Yes. I'd like t bk a table fr tnight.
W：Yes, sir. What time?
M：Eight 'clck.
W：Certainly. Fr hw many peple?
M：There are ten f us.
W：Ten f yu! But we dn't usually accept large parties，sir.
M：I knw, but we are regular custmers.
W：What's yur name, please?
M：Michael Petersn.
W：Mr. Petersn... f curse! That'll be all right. We'll put tw tables tgether.
M：Thanks.
W：What fd wuld yu prefer tday, sir? We have fresh seafd tnight.
M：N. We like t eat vegetables.
(Text 10)
Few peple wuld even think f beginning a new jb at the age f 76, but ne f America's mst famus artists did just that. Anna Mary Rbertsn, better knwn as “Grandma Mses”， turned t painting because she was t ld t wrk n her farm.
Grandma Mses painted carefully and her wrks were nice. She first painted nly t enjy herself，and then began t sell her wrks fr a little mney. In 1939，a cllectr，Luis Caldr happened t see several f Grandma Mses' wrks hanging in a shp. He liked them, bught them at nce, and set ut t lk fr mre. Caldr held a shw t intrduce the wrks f Grandma Mses t ther artists.
Grandma Mses died n December 13th, 1961, at the age f 101. She was wrld－famus.
答案：1～5 BCBBA 6～10 CABCC
11～15 BCABC 16～20 BCABA
第二部分
第一节
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个名人和他们的发明。
21．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据Uri Geller—Radiatin Shield(辐射防护屏)中的“Patented in 1998, the shield cvers the ther hand－held devices.”可知，Uri Geller于1998年为他的发明——辐射防护屏——申请了专利。故选D。
22．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据Hedy Lamarr—WiFi中前两句“Austrian－brn film star Hedy Lamarr was a bx－ffice early 1940s”和Jamie Lee Curtis—Baby Diaper(尿布)中的“Jamie Lee Curtis was screen legend. She has featured in many mvies during her career”可知，Hedy Lamarr和Jamie Lee Curtis都是女演员。故选A。
23．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据Gary Burghff—Fishing Equipment中最后一句“He hlds tw patents fr ‘Chum Magic，' a fishing device that attracts fish t the bat, as well as a fishing ple”可知，Gary Burghff的发明专利和捕鱼有关。故选D。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者在旅行途中复杂的情感。
24．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“perhaps explains why I was leaving s late, walking arund the huse many times ver, checking ne last time t see that all was in rder”可知，作者因为不断检查屋子导致动身较晚。需要注意B项，作者提到“It was a strange feeling”，但并没有说是因为离开家而伤感，而且也不是动身晚的原因。
25．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I felt a sense f alarm that I was perhaps nt n the crrect rad at all”和“it caused me t slw dwn”可知，作者害怕自己走错路才开车慢了下来。
26．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Until this pint I had believed myself quite alne”可知，作者以为就自己一个人在路上，没有想到会遇到任何人。
27．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“It is hard t explain my feelings”， “I began t have a feeling f unease mixed with excitement”以及“stp the car a mment t think carefully”可知，作者对于此次旅行情感复杂。
C
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。短文从三个方面告诉我们树对人类来说是重要的。一是树可以为人类和动物提供木材和其他产品；二是树可以给人类提供树荫；三是树木可以防止干旱和洪水。因此我们要多植树，注意保护树木。
28．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据第一段“Trees are useful t ”以及第二段“Unfrtunately，in many ”可知，树对人类的用处主要有三方面，其中最重要的是它们能保护人类免受干旱和洪水，故选B。
29．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第二段“Unfrtunately, in many parts ”可知，很遗憾的是，人类没有意识到树木对人类的重要性。
30．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第四段“S unless the ”可知，除非所有人都被教导植树的重要性，否则森林迟早会消失。
31．答案与解析：B 词义猜测题。由下文“This prevents the sil frm being washed away.(这可以防止土壤被冲走)”可推断出，上文的意思是“因为有树的地方，它们的根会把土壤弄碎，让雨水渗入，也会把土壤凝固在一起”。“bind”的意思是凝固，故选B。
D
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国国家航空航天局为登陆火星准备的计划。
32．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的at present NASA is mainly preparing t make anther great step in human space explratin after they made their first trip t the mn可知，美国国家航空航天局现在主要在准备一项新的太空探索计划，故选B项。
33．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第五段中的NASA fcuses n chsing peple wh can get alng with thers fr a lng perid f time, knw hw t cmmunicate clearly, and listen t and understand thers可知，良好的沟通技巧是美国国家航空航天局的宇航员所需要的素质，故选B项。
34．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的With the spacecraft Orin in develpment, NASA is hping t send humans t Mars smetime in the 2030s .可知，宇宙飞船“猎户座”将被送往火星，故选C项。
35．答案与解析：A 主旨大意题。根据第一段可知，本文主要介绍了美国国家航空航天局为登陆火星准备的计划，因此文章的最佳标题为A项“计划飞往火星”。故选A项。
第二节
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。冲突无疑是生活和友谊中常见的问题，我们要努力集中精力和平解决友谊中的冲突，比如在冲突发生的那一天就去解决，从对方的角度看问题，真诚地表达自己的观点并及时道歉等。
36．答案与解析：D 根据下一句“That's because there isn't enugh depth t guarantee all the truble it takes t smth ver the disagreement(这是因为没有足够的深度来保证消除分歧所带来的所有麻烦)”可知，句中的“there isn't enugh depth (没有足够的深度)”与D项中的“shallw (肤浅的)”对应，D项“许多肤浅的友谊在一次争吵后都被毁掉了”符合逻辑关系以及语境内容，同时下文的that指代选项提到这件事。
37．答案与解析：G 根据前一句“I've fund I need a shrt cl dwn perid s that I dn't act in anger (我发现我需要一个短暂的冷静期，这样我才不会生气)”可知，句中的“a shrt cl dwn perid (一个短暂的冷静期)”与G项中的“cunting t ne hundred befre saying anything (数到一百再说话)”对应，故G项“然而，对有些人来说，数到一百再说话可能是一种选择”符合语境内容。
38．答案与解析：B 设空处为本段主旨句。根据本段描述，尤其是空后一句“Smetimes if yu sit dwn and talk things ver, yu begin t see where the ther persn is cming frm. Realize that everyne has been created differently with varius talents, abilities, and persnality traits. (有时候，如果你坐下来好好谈一谈，你就会发现对方是从哪里来的。认识到每个人都有不同的天赋、能力和个性特征。)”可知，本段建议从他人的角度来看问题。B项“试着从对方的角度看问题”能够概括出整段的大意。
39．答案与解析：C 根据下一句“Even when yu think the ther persn is wrng, it's nt a bad thing t say ‘I'm srry if I ffended yu in that way.’ (即使你认为对方错了，说‘如果我那样冒犯了你，我很抱歉’也不是坏事)”可知，句中的“I'm srry (我很抱歉)”与C项中的“say srry (道歉)”对应，故C项“在战斗中做第一个为你的角色道歉的人”与本段内容相一致。
40．答案与解析：F 根据前一句“It is nt a mst pleasant task t reslve cnflict in any friendship (在任何友谊中解决冲突都不是一件令人愉快的事情)”，以及结合文章主旨“努力集中精力和平解决友谊中的冲突”，可知，句中的“nt a mst pleasant task (不是一件令人愉快的事情)”与F项中的“it is wrth the effrts (这是值得的努力)”形成对比，再次点明主旨，故F项“然而，这是值得的努力，因为它促成了更深的友谊”衔接合理，符合语境以及文章主旨。
第三部分
第一节
【语篇解读】 作者通过一个人找钥匙的故事告诉我们，不要一味地在外寻找幸福的真谛，要在我们的内心深处去寻找。
41．答案与解析：D 从下文中的“where he prbably lst his key”可知，这个人在找东西。
42．答案与解析：A 从下文中的“where he prbably lst his key”可知，他丢了钥匙。
43．答案与解析：C 听到朋友把钥匙丢了，他很同情，于是也帮朋友找。
44．答案与解析：A 从下句朋友的回答可知，他们没有在街上找到钥匙。
45．答案与解析：A 从该空前的“Prbably in my huse”可知，那个人很生气，又问他为什么在街上找。
46．答案与解析：B 下文多处“light”有提示。朋友说，因为这儿光线比较充足。
47．答案与解析：D 这个人把钥匙丢在了家里却到街上去找，这听起来很可笑。
48．答案与解析：B 他们这么做是为了知道生活的目的。
49．答案与解析：D 就像这个人的朋友在地上找钥匙一样，他们也想弄明白幸福的秘诀。
50．答案与解析：A 根据本空前的“t dark”判断，也许他们认为，内心深处很黑，让人恐惧。
51．答案与解析：C 从上文中的“want t knw”及寻找幸福的秘诀可知，他们在寻找答案。
52．答案与解析：D 此处回应上段中的错误做法，给出正解。
53．答案与解析：B 心灵之光正在那里耐心等候他们的到来。
54．答案与解析：C 结合“Perhaps they think it is t dark and __50__ t lk within fr the __51__”得出，不要害怕到内心去寻找。
55．答案与解析：D 由本空前的“light”可知，外面的光不如从你内心发出的光明亮。
第二节
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了太空探索的起源和发展等相关信息。
56．答案与解析：made 考查时态。根据句中的时间状语in 1957可知，此处应该使用一般过去时，故填made。
57．答案与解析：by 考查介词。此处应该用介词by表示方式。句意：然后在1957年，苏联发射了一颗名为Sputnik的小卫星，向太空迈出了第一小步。
58．答案与解析：mainly 考查词性转换。此处是用于修饰状语，因此应该填入副词mainly。
59．答案与解析：their 考查代词。此处表示“建造它们自己的卫星和火箭”，故应填入形容词性物主代词their。
60．答案与解析：existing/existent 考查非谓语动词/词性转换。分析句子结构可知，此处是在句中作后置定语，修饰planets，且planets与动词exist之间是主动关系，故应该填现在分词existing或形容词existent。
61．答案与解析：distant 考查词性转换。此处表示“看遥远的宇宙”，此处是用于修饰名词universe，因此应填入形容词distant。
62．答案与解析：discveries 考查名词。discvery为可数名词，根据上下文可知，此处指“许多发现”，故用复数形式。
63．答案与解析：whm 考查定语从句。句意表示“他们中的12人……”，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是20 peple, 且此处是“12 f...”结构，故应该填关系代词whm。
64．答案与解析：have been built 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据s far可知，应该用现在完成时，主语space statins与动词build之间为被动关系，主语为复数形式，故填现在完成时的被动语态have been built。
65．答案与解析：r 考查连词。此处应用并列连词r表示选择关系。句意：宇航员已经学会在太空生活和工作数月甚至数年。
第四部分
第一节
【参考范文】
In the winter hliday, I attended a lecture n astrnmy by Prfessr Wang in the Science and Technlgy Museum in ur city.
In the lecture, I learned smething abut the slar system, an amazing wrld that I knew little abut befre. Prfessr Wang shwed us a lt f pictures and vides, which made us have a sund knwledge f ther planets. When the lecture was ver, we gt a chance t ask him sme questins.
This valuable experience made me believe that there are still many secrets abut the universe waiting t be explred. And I am determined t study harder and make a cntributin t astrnmy in the future.
第二节
【参考范文】
Jatinlkedupandhesawthetherbysrushingahead. Refusing t give up at this key pint, Jatin clenched his teeth, jumped t his feet and ran as fast as he culd. Finally, he was the furth ne t dash acrss the finish line. Jatin culdn't help sbbing at the thught f letting his sister dwn. But much t his surprise, the runner wh cllided with him was disqualified fr breaking the rule and Jatin wn the third prize. Jatin felt verjyed and relieved during the award ceremny, hlding the shes clse t his chest.
Filledwithpleasure, Jatinwalkedhmeinntime. He culd nt wait t see his sister and share the gd news. On his arrival, Jatin fund Neha was walking abut utside nervusly and anxiusly. “Neha, see what I have gt fr yu.” Jatin said excitedly, taking the prize ut f his bag with his trembling hands. The instant Neha saw the shes, her face lit up. S thrilled was she that she threw herself at Jatin. “Thank yu! Jatin.” Tears f jy welled up in their eyes as the brther and the sister hugged tightly tgether.
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What's the prbable relatinship between the tw speakers?
A．Teacher and student. B．Dctr and patient. C．Husband and wife.
2．Where is Tm prbably nw?
A．In the schl. B．In the ffice. C．In the library.
3．Wh sent the man a pstcard?
A．Carl. B．Tim. C．The wman.
4．What did the wman frget t d?
A．T write a letter. B．T pst a letter. C．T walk past the pst ffice.
5．What is the man ging t d?
A．T g swimming. B．T g skating. C．T change his mind.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。
6．What are the man and the wman talking abut?
A．Eating in a restaurant. B．A small restaurant. C．The histry f a cmpany.
7．Hw many McDnald's were there in the wrld in 1982?
A．7063. B．7603. C．1283.
8．Why d wrkers buy lunches in McDnald's?
A．The emplyees there are helpful and plite.
B．The fd tastes better than their lunches frm hme.
C．The tables and flrs are clean.
听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。
9．What des Rgers mean in this cnversatin?
A．Tm's friends. B．Tm's teachers. C．The name f a shp.
10．What des Tm tell his mther in yesterday's letter?
A．He had fund a jb. B．He had lst his new jb. C．He had just bught a car.
11．Why didn't Tm tell his mther abut his jb?
A．Because he didn't want her t wrry abut his jb.
B．Because he didn't want her t wrry abut his life.
C．Because he didn't want her t wrry abut his study.
听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。
12．Why has the wman decided nt t wrk at the by's camp?
A．She hasn't wrked there befre. B．She knws little abut the camp.
C．She wants t be better paid.
13．Wh nce wrked at the Hllywd Htel?
A．A friend f the man's. B．The man's sister. C．The man himself.
14．What kind f jb wuld the wman like t d?
A．A jb in a schl. B．A jb in the pen air. C．A jb at the htel.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15．Where des the cnversatin take place?
A．At a seafd restaurant. B．In a dining hall. C．On the phne.
16．What d we knw abut the restaurant?
A．It is famus fr seafd. B．It seldm accepts large parties.
C．Famus peple ften cme t it.
17．What can we knw frm the cnversatin?
A．The restaurant is near the sea.
B．Seafd is very ppular nwadays.
C．Regular custmers have advantages there.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．When did Grandma Mses turn t painting?
A．At the age f 76. B．At the age f 39. C．At the age f 101.
19．What did Grandma Mses d befre she became an artist?
A．She sld ther artists' wrks in a shp. B．She wrked n her farm.
C．She taught at a schl.
20．What is the stry mainly abut?
A．A famus American artist. B．Making mney frm painting.
C．Cllecting paintings.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Sme Famus Peple With Surprising Achievements
Hedy Lamarr—WiFi
Austrianbrn film star Hedy Lamarr was a bxffice hit during the Hllywd Glden Age in the late 1930s and early 1940s. During Wrld War II, she wrked n a trped guidance system which frms the basis f tday's Bluetth and WiFi cmmunicatins. Patented (获得专利权) in 1942 tgether with cmpser Gerge Antheil, their device was used during the war. Surprisingly, neither Lamarr nr Antheil prfited frm their inventin during their lifetimes.
Uri Geller—Radiatin Shield (辐射防护屏)
As an IsraeliBritish magician, Uri Geller is bestknwn fr using “mind pwer” t bend spns n live TV. Hwever, a lessknwn achievement is his inventin f a radiatin shield t prtect cell phne users frm the radiatin. Patented in 1998, the shield cvers the device cmpletely t prtect users frm the harmful effects f radiatin frm cell phnes and ther hand－held devices.
Jamie Lee Curtis—Baby Diaper (尿布)
Jamie Lee Curtis was a screen legend. She has featured in many mvies during her career. With a busy acting schedule, it's quite surprising that she fund time t turn her hand t inventin. Curtis actually patented a baby diaper during 1980s, aiming at imprving the traditinal diaper design.
Gary Burghff—Fishing Equipment
American actr Gary Burghff is bestknwn fr his rle in the 1970s' TV series M*A*S*H. Burghff als has a gift fr inventing things. He hlds tw patents fr “Chum Magic，” a fishing device that attracts fish t the bat, as well as a fishing ple.
21．When did Uri Geller get the patent n his inventin?
A．In 1930. B．In 1940. C．In 1970. D．In 1998.
22．What d Hedy Lamarr and Jamie Lee Curtis have in cmmn?
A．They are actresses. B．They are magicians.
C．They were brn in Austria. D．They gt their patents in 1980s.
23．Whse patent is related t fishing?
A．Hedy Lamarr's. B．Uri Geller's.
C．Jamie Lee Curtis's. D．Gary Burghff's.
B
This jurney began this mrning almst an hur later than I had planned, althugh I had cmpleted my packing befre eight 'clck. I was quite clear abut the fact that nce I left, my huse wuld stand empty fr prbably the first time since the day it was built. It was a strange feeling and perhaps explains why I was leaving s late, walking arund the huse many times ver, checking ne last time t see that all was in rder.
It is hard t explain my feelings nce I did finally set ff. As I drve further and further frm the huse, I fund the surrundings (周围的事物) grw unrecgnizable. I began t have a feeling f unease mixed with excitement. I tk a turning and fund myself n a rad circling the edge f a hill. I culd sense the steep (陡峭的) drp t my left. I felt a sense f alarm that I was perhaps nt n the crrect rad at all, but speeding ff in the wrng directin int a wilderness. It was nly the feeling f a mment, but it caused me t slw dwn. And even when I was sure I was n the right rad, I felt frced t stp the car a mment t think carefully.
I decided t step ut and stretch(伸展) my legs a little. On the ne side f the rad, thickets and small trees rse sharply, while n the ther I culd nw see the distant cuntryside and a twn nearby.
I was walking a little way alng the radside when I heard a vice behind me. Until this pint I had believed myself quite alne and I turned in sme surprise. Sitting n the large stne was a thin, whitehaired man, he called t me again and signaled me t jin him. Fr a mment，I tk him fr a hmeless man, but then I saw he was just sme lcal man enjying the fresh air and summer sunshine, and saw n reasn nt t d s.
24．Why did the authr set ff later than planned?
A．He repeatedly checked the huse.
B．He was feeling sad abut leaving the huse.
C．Packing his belngings tk lnger than expected.
D．There was n ne t help him get everything ready.
25．What caused the authr t start driving mre slwly?
A．The rad had becme steep. B．He realized he was driving t fast.
C．The beautiful scenery attracted him. D．He suddenly feared that he might get lst.
26．When the authr walked ut f his car, he ________.
A．didn't expect t see anyne else B．didn't want t speak t anybdy else
C．didn't knw there was a twn nearby D．culdn't see anything because f the tree
27．What was the authr's attitude t his trip?
A．He just wanted t finish it. B．He felt unable t cntinue it.
C．He regretted having started it. D．He had mixed feelings abut it.
C
Trees are useful t man in three very imprtant ways：they prvide him with wd and ther prducts; they give him shade; and they help t prevent drughts (干旱) and flds.
Unfrtunately, in many parts f the wrld, man has nt realized that the third f these services is the mst imprtant. In his eagerness t draw quick prfit frm the trees, he has cut them dwn in large numbers.
Tw thusand years ag，a rich and pwerful cuntry cut dwn its trees t build warships, with which t gain itself an empire. It gained the empire but, withut its trees, its sil became bare and pr. When the empire fell t pieces, the cuntry fund itself faced with flds and starvatin.
Even thugh a gvernment realizes the imprtance f a plentiful supply f trees, it is difficult smetimes t make the peple realize this. They cut dwn the trees but are t careless t plant and lk after new trees. S unless the gvernment has a gd system f cntrl, r can educate the peple, the frests slwly disappear.
This des nt nly mean that there will be fewer trees. The results are even mre serius：fr where there are trees，their rts break the sil up, allwing the rain t sink in, and als bind the sil. This prevents the sil frm being washed away. But where there are n trees, the rain falls n hard grund and flws away n the surface, and this causes flds and the rain carries away the rich tp sil in which crps grw. When all the tp sil is gne, nthing remains but wrthless desert.
28．What's the mst imprtant reasn that trees are useful t mankind?
A．They keep us frm the ht sunshine.
B．They prtect us frm drughts and flds.
C．They make us draw quick prfit frm them.
D．They enable us t build warships.
29．What's a great pity accrding t the passage?
A．Man hasn't realized the imprtance f trees.
B．Man is eager t prfit frm trees.
C．Man is nly interested in building empires.
D．Man hasn't fund ut that he has lst all trees.
30．The frests will disappear ________.
A．unless a cuntry has a plenty supply f trees
B．unless peple stp cutting dwn their trees
C．unless the gvernment punishes thse wh cut trees instead f planting them
D．unless all peple are taught the imprtance f planting trees
31．What's the prbable meaning f the underlined wrd “bind” in Paragraph 5?
A．T wash away. B．T make stay tgether.
C．T make wet. D．T imprve.
D
[2022·河北邢台高一月考]It is reprted that at present NASA is mainly preparing t make anther great step in human space explratin after they made their first trip t the mn, that is, a jurney t Mars.
Every few years, NASA invites individuals t apply t becme astrnauts. In previus years, the largest number f applicants was 8，000 in 1978. This time，18，300 hpeful astrnauts applied.
Why is there s much lve fr space explratin? I recently visited the Jhnsn Space Center in Hustn, Texas, t find ut the answer.“NASA tried t spread the annuncement as widely as pssible this time，”said Anne Remer, wh manages the astrnaut selectin prgram.“Pp culture als wrked in ur favr, if yu lk at the mvies TheMartian and Interstellar.”
In rder t becme an astrnaut, an applicant must have a degree in science, math, r engineering, and at least three years' prfessinal experience in his r her chsen field.
Highly qualified (有资格的) applicants are called in fr interviews and t g thrugh a lengthy selectin prcess.“NASA fcuses n chsing peple wh can get alng with thers fr a lng perid f time, knw hw t cmmunicate clearly, and listen t and understand thers，”said Christina Kch, an astrnaut wh was selected in the 2013 class.
The current selectin prcess ended in late 2018. Eight t furteen talented applicants were chsen. They wuld then underg tw years f training t becme missinready astrnauts.“We d a lt f grup activities，”Kch said.“We get t knw ur teammates and learn hw we can develp gd behavir when we take a risky task.”
“We're further dwn the path t sending humans t Mars than at any pint in NASA's histry，”said Charles Blden, the frmer NASA Administratr. With the spacecraft Orin in develpment, NASA is hping t send humans t Mars smetime in the 2030s.
Hw shuld astrnauts prepare？“D well at schl, take part in a lt f activities, and always try new things，”Remer advised. Since a Mars landing is prbably a few decades away, perhaps yu'll be n the first flight t the red planet!
32．What's NASA mainly ready t d nw accrding t the text?
A．Make a trip t the mn. B．Plan a new space explratin.
C．Prduce mre science fictin mvies. D．Welcme astrnauts back t the Earth.
33．Which f the fllwing qualities is needed fr NASA astrnauts?
A．Managing talent. B．Gd cmmunicatin skills.
C．The ability t train teammates. D．The lve fr rganizing grups.
34．What can we infer abut NASA's Mars landing plan?
A．18，300 astrnauts will land n Mars.
B．It will be carried ut in the next century.
C．The spacecraft Orin will be sent t Mars.
D．22 astrnauts will be chsen fr the missin.
35．What can be the best title fr the text?
A．Plan t Fly t Mars B．Be Ready fr a Trip
C．Live a Life in Space D．Try Out New Things
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Reslving (解决) Cnflict in Friendships
Cnflict is surely a cmmn prblem in life and friendships. __36__ That's because there isn't enugh depth t guarantee all the truble it takes t smth ver the disagreement. Unfrtunately, even when the friendship reaches a deeper level, cnflict cntinues t happen and can break apart a relatinship. Here are sme reslutins.
Reslve it the day it happens. One rule my parents fllw in their marriage is that they dn't g t bed angry with each ther. They always attempt t reslve things the day it happens s that in the mrning, it's a fresh start with n past grudge (怨恨). I've fund I need a shrt cl dwn perid s that I dn't act in anger. __37__ Whatever yu d, dn't let things ride fr t lng.
__38__ Smetimes if yu sit dwn and talk things ver, yu begin t see where the ther persn is cming frm. Realize that everyne has been created differently with varius talents, abilities, and persnality traits. Fr example, yu might be a leader while yur friend is mre f a fllwer. Yu may be frustrated with him r her fr nt being very decisive. Yet it is imprtant t understand that each persn is unique and needs t be appreciated.
Initiate reslutin. __39__ Even when yu think the ther persn is wrng，it's nt a bad thing t say “I'm srry if I ffended yu in that way.” If yu're hnest and genuine in delivering yur wrds, there's a gd chance yur friend will respnd psitively.
Mst imprtantly, be lving in what yu d. Try t fcus n peacefully reslving the disagreement. It is nt a mst pleasant task t reslve cnflict in any friendship. __40__
A．Dn't expect t much.
B．Try t see the ther persn's perspective.
C．Be the first persn in a fight t say srry fr yur part.
D．Many shallw friendships end up being ruined after an argument.
E．T say srry bravely when a cnflict breaks ut is a better reslutin.
F．Hwever, it is wrth the effrts because it results in a deeper friendship.
G．Fr sme, cunting t ne hundred befre saying anything may be an ptin.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
There is an ld stry that always brings a smile t my face. One day a man was walking dwn the street when he saw his friend crawling (爬行) arund __41__ smething. “What are yu ding n the grund？” the man asked his friend. His friend said, “I __42__ my key.” The man felt srry fr his friend and gt dwn t__43__. After a lng time f searching withut__44__， the man asked his friend where he prbably lst his key. The friend replied, “Prbably in my huse.” Feeling__45__， the man asked why he was searching n the street then. His friend said, “Because there is mre __46__ here.”
Thugh it sunds__47__， it is what a lt f peple d. They want t knw the __48__ f their lives. They want t __49__ the secret t their wn happiness. Yet, they lk everywhere except the inside f themselves. Perhaps they think it is t dark and __50__ t lk within fr the __51__. They keep lking utside instead because they think the light is better there.
The __52__ is if they are willing t lk within, they will find a light far brighter than any utside. They will find the glw (光) f their wn hearts that has been patiently waiting fr their __53__. They will find a beautiful fire that will warm their hearts and that they can give t everyne everywhere.
Dn't be__54__ t lk inside. The light utside is nt as bright as the lving light that __55__ frm yur wn heart. That is the light that will guide yu t a jyus life.
41．A.thinking abut B．waiting fr C．breaking up D．lking fr
42．A.lst B．turned C．used D．remved
43．A.watch B．ask C．help D．check
44．A.success B．interest C．difficulty D．peace
45．A.angry B．unlucky C．wrried D．tired
46．A.space B．light C．air D．luck
47．A.cmmn B．imprtant C．simple D．funny
48．A.rest B．purpse C．beginning D．principle
49．A.talk abut B．settle dwn C．think ver D．find ut
50．A.frightening B．disappinting C．bring D．tiring
51．A.sides B．situatins C．answers D．steps
52．A.idea B．reasn C．cnditin D．truth
53．A.call B．arrival C．advice D．light
54．A.sad B．slw C．afraid D．nervus
55．A.rises B．falls C．returns D．shines
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Fr centuries, peple dreamed abut leaving Earth and travelling t ther wrlds. Then, in 1957, the Sviet Unin 56.________ (make)the first small step int space 57.________ sending up a small satellite called Sputnik.
Early space activities were cnducted 58.________ (main) by the United States and the Sviet Unin. But as time went by, Eurpe and Japan als learned hw t build 59.________ (they) wn satellites and rckets. Tday, cuntries such as China, India, Suth Krea, Israel and Brazil are als develping space industries.
During the last 60 years, unmanned prbes (探测器) have been sent twards many f the planets 60.________(exist) in the Slar System. Many space bservatries, such as the Hubble Space Telescpe, have been created t lk at the 61.________ (distance) universe. They have sent back sme amazing pictures taken in visible (可见的) light. And they can als bserve stars that are invisible t human eyes. The fld f 62.________(discvery) has changed the way we lk at the universe.
Mre than 500 peple have flwn in space since Yuri Gagarin paved the way in 1961.20 peple have travelled t the mn, 12 f 63.________ have walked n the mn. S far, space statins 64.________(build), and astrnauts have learned t live and wrk in space fr many mnths 65.________ even years.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
你校英文报的Astrnmy 栏目正在举办征文比赛，你寒假参加过王教授在你市科技博物馆举办的天文知识讲座。请你根据自己的经历写一篇短文给该报投稿，内容包括：
1．参加讲座的经历；
2．参加讲座后的心得体会。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jatin and his yunger sister, Neha, lived with their parents in a pr neighbrhd. Their mther was very sick and their father was struggling t find a jb, and they had nly a little mney with which t buy fd. As they had nt paid the rent fr several mnths, the landlrd was breathing dwn their necks (盯着他们).
One day, Jatin tk Neha's shes t a she repairman t be fixed, but he lst them n the way hme. It wasn't until he gt hme that he realized he had lst the shes. He was afraid that his parents wuld be angry and disappinted, s he begged his sister t keep it secret. Neha agreed and the tw decided t share Jatin's running shes. Neha's schl hurs were in the mrning, s she wuld wear them first. After schl, she wuld rush back and give them t Jatin. He culd then run t his schl, which began in the afternn. Althugh he ran as fast as he culd, Jatin ften arrived late and was warned by the schl.
A lng distance race was ging t be held fr the bys in the city. When Jatin learned that the third prize was a new pair f shes, he decided t take part. He ran hme excitedly and prmised his sister that he wuld win her the new shes.
The day f race arrived. Jatin had a strng start, but halfway thrugh the race he began t get tired and his legs began t ache. Getting mre and mre exhausted he thught nly f Neha and his prmise t her. Dreaming f the new shes he wuld win fr his sister gave him strength, and he stayed right behind the tw fastest runners, determined t finish third. Suddenly, as the finish line drew near, anther runner cllided (碰撞) with Jatin frm behind and Jatin crashed t the grund.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Jatin lked up and he saw the ther bys rushing ahead.
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Filled with pleasure, Jatin walked hme in n time.
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单元质量检测(四)
第一部分
听力材料
(Text 1)
M：Can I help yu?
W：Yes, I can't sleep well.
M：Hw can I help yu?
W：Can yu give me sme medicine s that I can have a gd sleep?
(Text 2)
M：Excuse me, I'd like t have a wrd with Tm.
W：Srry, he isn't here. He's gne t the library.
M：Oh, I'll leave him a message then.
(Text 3)
W：Carl sent me a pstcard yesterday.
M：I've gt ne frm Tim but nt frm Carl.
W：Oh，really? I haven't heard frm Tim many mnths.
(Text 4)
M：Did yu remember t pst the letter?
W：Well，I remember walking past the street.
M：But yu frgt t pst the letter.
W：I'm afraid s. I didn't remember yu telling me t pst the letter.
(Text 5)
M：I'm ging t change my mind t g swimming with yu.
W：That's wnderful.
M：When shall we g?
W：Half past tw this afternn.
(Text 6)
M：Is it true that fast fd restaurants are very ppular in the USA?
W：Yes, especially in big cities.
M：Why?
W：Because the fd is gd，the service is fast and the prices are lw.
M：Oh, that's gd.Then which restaurant is mst well－knwn?
W：McDnald's. By 1982, there were 7，063 McDnald's in the wrld, and abut 1，283 f them were in ther cuntries, such as Japan, West Germany，England and Australia.
M：I see. Hw abut the service and the fd?
W：Well, the emplyees there are helpful and plite, and the tables and flrs are very clean. Mst imprtantly, peple can get the same fd at any McDnald's in any state f the cuntry. The fd, f curse, is quite gd. French fries, the hamburgers, the sandwiches—are all specially prepared. Wrkers buy their lunches there because they taste better than their lunches frm hme.
M：Wh is the wner f McDnald's?
W：It was first wned by tw brthers，Richard and Maurice McDnald. Then, in 1960, Ray Krc, a 56－year－ld salesman, bught the name and mst f their restaurants fr $ 2.7 millin，and nw he is the wner.
(Text 7)
W：What are yu ding，Tm?
M：I'm writing t my mther.
W：But yu wrte her nly yesterday.
M：Yes，but I have smething new t tell her.
W：Smething new?
M：Yes. I am telling her I've decided t take up a part－time jb as a shp assistant.
W：What d yu mean? Yu've been wrking as ne fr nearly three mnths. Have yu been fired by Rgers?
M：N. My mther desn't knw I have a part－time jb.
W：Yu mean, yu didn't tell her befre?
M：N.
W：But why are yu telling her nw?
M：Nw I dn't want her t wrry abut my life here. Yu see, I tld her that I'd just bught a car in my last letter.
(Text 8)
M：It's almst vacatin time. Have yu fund a summer jb yet?
W：N，I dn't think I will wrk at the by's camp where I wrked last summer. Camp jbs dn't pay much.
M：I think I can find a jb at the Hllywd Htel. A friend f mine was a waiter last summer. The pay wasn't gd, but the tips were.
W：My sister wrked there last summer, making beds and cleaning bathrms. She didn't like it but she earned a lt f mney.
M：That sunds really gd.
W：Yes. And I want a jb utside. After sitting in cllege classes all winter, I'd like a jb in the pen air.
M：The high schl kids earn a lt f mney every summer cutting grass. My brther is nly furteen, but he gets five dllars every time he cuts the grass, and it nly takes him an hur. He just rides arund n the machine that he bught, and the machine des all the wrk.
W：That's pretty gd. I used t cut grass when I was in high schl. But nw I think I might wrk fr a rad－building cmpany, r d smething like that.
M：It culd be a gd experience. And yu culd earn a lt, t.
(Text 9)
W：Hell，Apple Tree Restaurant. Can I help yu?
M：Yes. I'd like t bk a table fr tnight.
W：Yes, sir. What time?
M：Eight 'clck.
W：Certainly. Fr hw many peple?
M：There are ten f us.
W：Ten f yu! But we dn't usually accept large parties，sir.
M：I knw, but we are regular custmers.
W：What's yur name, please?
M：Michael Petersn.
W：Mr. Petersn... f curse! That'll be all right. We'll put tw tables tgether.
M：Thanks.
W：What fd wuld yu prefer tday, sir? We have fresh seafd tnight.
M：N. We like t eat vegetables.
(Text 10)
Few peple wuld even think f beginning a new jb at the age f 76, but ne f America's mst famus artists did just that. Anna Mary Rbertsn, better knwn as “Grandma Mses”， turned t painting because she was t ld t wrk n her farm.
Grandma Mses painted carefully and her wrks were nice. She first painted nly t enjy herself，and then began t sell her wrks fr a little mney. In 1939，a cllectr，Luis Caldr happened t see several f Grandma Mses' wrks hanging in a shp. He liked them, bught them at nce, and set ut t lk fr mre. Caldr held a shw t intrduce the wrks f Grandma Mses t ther artists.
Grandma Mses died n December 13th, 1961, at the age f 101. She was wrld－famus.
答案：1～5 BCBBA 6～10 CABCC
11～15 BCABC 16～20 BCABA
第二部分
第一节
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个名人和他们的发明。
21．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据Uri Geller—Radiatin Shield(辐射防护屏)中的“Patented in 1998, the shield cvers the ther hand－held devices.”可知，Uri Geller于1998年为他的发明——辐射防护屏——申请了专利。故选D。
22．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据Hedy Lamarr—WiFi中前两句“Austrian－brn film star Hedy Lamarr was a bx－ffice early 1940s”和Jamie Lee Curtis—Baby Diaper(尿布)中的“Jamie Lee Curtis was screen legend. She has featured in many mvies during her career”可知，Hedy Lamarr和Jamie Lee Curtis都是女演员。故选A。
23．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据Gary Burghff—Fishing Equipment中最后一句“He hlds tw patents fr ‘Chum Magic，' a fishing device that attracts fish t the bat, as well as a fishing ple”可知，Gary Burghff的发明专利和捕鱼有关。故选D。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者在旅行途中复杂的情感。
24．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“perhaps explains why I was leaving s late, walking arund the huse many times ver, checking ne last time t see that all was in rder”可知，作者因为不断检查屋子导致动身较晚。需要注意B项，作者提到“It was a strange feeling”，但并没有说是因为离开家而伤感，而且也不是动身晚的原因。
25．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I felt a sense f alarm that I was perhaps nt n the crrect rad at all”和“it caused me t slw dwn”可知，作者害怕自己走错路才开车慢了下来。
26．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Until this pint I had believed myself quite alne”可知，作者以为就自己一个人在路上，没有想到会遇到任何人。
27．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“It is hard t explain my feelings”， “I began t have a feeling f unease mixed with excitement”以及“stp the car a mment t think carefully”可知，作者对于此次旅行情感复杂。
C
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。短文从三个方面告诉我们树对人类来说是重要的。一是树可以为人类和动物提供木材和其他产品；二是树可以给人类提供树荫；三是树木可以防止干旱和洪水。因此我们要多植树，注意保护树木。
28．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据第一段“Trees are useful t ”以及第二段“Unfrtunately，in many ”可知，树对人类的用处主要有三方面，其中最重要的是它们能保护人类免受干旱和洪水，故选B。
29．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第二段“Unfrtunately, in many parts ”可知，很遗憾的是，人类没有意识到树木对人类的重要性。
30．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第四段“S unless the ”可知，除非所有人都被教导植树的重要性，否则森林迟早会消失。
31．答案与解析：B 词义猜测题。由下文“This prevents the sil frm being washed away.(这可以防止土壤被冲走)”可推断出，上文的意思是“因为有树的地方，它们的根会把土壤弄碎，让雨水渗入，也会把土壤凝固在一起”。“bind”的意思是凝固，故选B。
D
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国国家航空航天局为登陆火星准备的计划。
32．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的at present NASA is mainly preparing t make anther great step in human space explratin after they made their first trip t the mn可知，美国国家航空航天局现在主要在准备一项新的太空探索计划，故选B项。
33．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第五段中的NASA fcuses n chsing peple wh can get alng with thers fr a lng perid f time, knw hw t cmmunicate clearly, and listen t and understand thers可知，良好的沟通技巧是美国国家航空航天局的宇航员所需要的素质，故选B项。
34．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的With the spacecraft Orin in develpment, NASA is hping t send humans t Mars smetime in the 2030s .可知，宇宙飞船“猎户座”将被送往火星，故选C项。
35．答案与解析：A 主旨大意题。根据第一段可知，本文主要介绍了美国国家航空航天局为登陆火星准备的计划，因此文章的最佳标题为A项“计划飞往火星”。故选A项。
第二节
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。冲突无疑是生活和友谊中常见的问题，我们要努力集中精力和平解决友谊中的冲突，比如在冲突发生的那一天就去解决，从对方的角度看问题，真诚地表达自己的观点并及时道歉等。
36．答案与解析：D 根据下一句“That's because there isn't enugh depth t guarantee all the truble it takes t smth ver the disagreement(这是因为没有足够的深度来保证消除分歧所带来的所有麻烦)”可知，句中的“there isn't enugh depth (没有足够的深度)”与D项中的“shallw (肤浅的)”对应，D项“许多肤浅的友谊在一次争吵后都被毁掉了”符合逻辑关系以及语境内容，同时下文的that指代选项提到这件事。
37．答案与解析：G 根据前一句“I've fund I need a shrt cl dwn perid s that I dn't act in anger (我发现我需要一个短暂的冷静期，这样我才不会生气)”可知，句中的“a shrt cl dwn perid (一个短暂的冷静期)”与G项中的“cunting t ne hundred befre saying anything (数到一百再说话)”对应，故G项“然而，对有些人来说，数到一百再说话可能是一种选择”符合语境内容。
38．答案与解析：B 设空处为本段主旨句。根据本段描述，尤其是空后一句“Smetimes if yu sit dwn and talk things ver, yu begin t see where the ther persn is cming frm. Realize that everyne has been created differently with varius talents, abilities, and persnality traits. (有时候，如果你坐下来好好谈一谈，你就会发现对方是从哪里来的。认识到每个人都有不同的天赋、能力和个性特征。)”可知，本段建议从他人的角度来看问题。B项“试着从对方的角度看问题”能够概括出整段的大意。
39．答案与解析：C 根据下一句“Even when yu think the ther persn is wrng, it's nt a bad thing t say ‘I'm srry if I ffended yu in that way.’ (即使你认为对方错了，说‘如果我那样冒犯了你，我很抱歉’也不是坏事)”可知，句中的“I'm srry (我很抱歉)”与C项中的“say srry (道歉)”对应，故C项“在战斗中做第一个为你的角色道歉的人”与本段内容相一致。
40．答案与解析：F 根据前一句“It is nt a mst pleasant task t reslve cnflict in any friendship (在任何友谊中解决冲突都不是一件令人愉快的事情)”，以及结合文章主旨“努力集中精力和平解决友谊中的冲突”，可知，句中的“nt a mst pleasant task (不是一件令人愉快的事情)”与F项中的“it is wrth the effrts (这是值得的努力)”形成对比，再次点明主旨，故F项“然而，这是值得的努力，因为它促成了更深的友谊”衔接合理，符合语境以及文章主旨。
第三部分
第一节
【语篇解读】 作者通过一个人找钥匙的故事告诉我们，不要一味地在外寻找幸福的真谛，要在我们的内心深处去寻找。
41．答案与解析：D 从下文中的“where he prbably lst his key”可知，这个人在找东西。
42．答案与解析：A 从下文中的“where he prbably lst his key”可知，他丢了钥匙。
43．答案与解析：C 听到朋友把钥匙丢了，他很同情，于是也帮朋友找。
44．答案与解析：A 从下句朋友的回答可知，他们没有在街上找到钥匙。
45．答案与解析：A 从该空前的“Prbably in my huse”可知，那个人很生气，又问他为什么在街上找。
46．答案与解析：B 下文多处“light”有提示。朋友说，因为这儿光线比较充足。
47．答案与解析：D 这个人把钥匙丢在了家里却到街上去找，这听起来很可笑。
48．答案与解析：B 他们这么做是为了知道生活的目的。
49．答案与解析：D 就像这个人的朋友在地上找钥匙一样，他们也想弄明白幸福的秘诀。
50．答案与解析：A 根据本空前的“t dark”判断，也许他们认为，内心深处很黑，让人恐惧。
51．答案与解析：C 从上文中的“want t knw”及寻找幸福的秘诀可知，他们在寻找答案。
52．答案与解析：D 此处回应上段中的错误做法，给出正解。
53．答案与解析：B 心灵之光正在那里耐心等候他们的到来。
54．答案与解析：C 结合“Perhaps they think it is t dark and __50__ t lk within fr the __51__”得出，不要害怕到内心去寻找。
55．答案与解析：D 由本空前的“light”可知，外面的光不如从你内心发出的光明亮。
第二节
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了太空探索的起源和发展等相关信息。
56．答案与解析：made 考查时态。根据句中的时间状语in 1957可知，此处应该使用一般过去时，故填made。
57．答案与解析：by 考查介词。此处应该用介词by表示方式。句意：然后在1957年，苏联发射了一颗名为Sputnik的小卫星，向太空迈出了第一小步。
58．答案与解析：mainly 考查词性转换。此处是用于修饰状语，因此应该填入副词mainly。
59．答案与解析：their 考查代词。此处表示“建造它们自己的卫星和火箭”，故应填入形容词性物主代词their。
60．答案与解析：existing/existent 考查非谓语动词/词性转换。分析句子结构可知，此处是在句中作后置定语，修饰planets，且planets与动词exist之间是主动关系，故应该填现在分词existing或形容词existent。
61．答案与解析：distant 考查词性转换。此处表示“看遥远的宇宙”，此处是用于修饰名词universe，因此应填入形容词distant。
62．答案与解析：discveries 考查名词。discvery为可数名词，根据上下文可知，此处指“许多发现”，故用复数形式。
63．答案与解析：whm 考查定语从句。句意表示“他们中的12人……”，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是20 peple, 且此处是“12 f...”结构，故应该填关系代词whm。
64．答案与解析：have been built 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据s far可知，应该用现在完成时，主语space statins与动词build之间为被动关系，主语为复数形式，故填现在完成时的被动语态have been built。
65．答案与解析：r 考查连词。此处应用并列连词r表示选择关系。句意：宇航员已经学会在太空生活和工作数月甚至数年。
第四部分
第一节
【参考范文】
In the winter hliday, I attended a lecture n astrnmy by Prfessr Wang in the Science and Technlgy Museum in ur city.
In the lecture, I learned smething abut the slar system, an amazing wrld that I knew little abut befre. Prfessr Wang shwed us a lt f pictures and vides, which made us have a sund knwledge f ther planets. When the lecture was ver, we gt a chance t ask him sme questins.
This valuable experience made me believe that there are still many secrets abut the universe waiting t be explred. And I am determined t study harder and make a cntributin t astrnmy in the future.
第二节
【参考范文】
Jatinlkedupandhesawthetherbysrushingahead. Refusing t give up at this key pint, Jatin clenched his teeth, jumped t his feet and ran as fast as he culd. Finally, he was the furth ne t dash acrss the finish line. Jatin culdn't help sbbing at the thught f letting his sister dwn. But much t his surprise, the runner wh cllided with him was disqualified fr breaking the rule and Jatin wn the third prize. Jatin felt verjyed and relieved during the award ceremny, hlding the shes clse t his chest.
Filledwithpleasure, Jatinwalkedhmeinntime. He culd nt wait t see his sister and share the gd news. On his arrival, Jatin fund Neha was walking abut utside nervusly and anxiusly. “Neha, see what I have gt fr yu.” Jatin said excitedly, taking the prize ut f his bag with his trembling hands. The instant Neha saw the shes, her face lit up. S thrilled was she that she threw herself at Jatin. “Thank yu! Jatin.” Tears f jy welled up in their eyes as the brther and the sister hugged tightly tgether.
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