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高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration优秀测试题
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这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration优秀测试题，共20页。
①China successfully launched Mengtian int space, getting a step clser t cmpleting the cuntry’s Tiangng Space Statin by the end f this year.
②Mengtian is the secnd lab mdule(模块)and the last majr cmpnent f the cuntry’s space statin. The first lab mdule is Wentian which is already dcked (对接)with the Tianhe cre mdule. The three mdules will frm a T-shaped cmplex in space.
③Mengtian weighs abut 23 tns. It is 17.9 meters lng and has a maximum diameter f 4.2 meters. It can be further subdivided int wrk, resurce, paylad and carg airlck cabins.While Wentian is used fr bilgical and space life science prjects, such as bserving the grwth f varius kinds f plants, animals and micrbesin space, Mengtian will be used fr in-rbit experiments dedicated t physics and material sciences and will fcus n micr-gravity experiments. Mengtian will als act as a backup(备份)fr the cre mdule when it is underging maintenance(维修). And with Mengtian in place, the space statin will be able t hld mre taiknauts.
④Until nw, space lectures(天宫课堂), Tiangng Class”, in China’s Tiangng space statin have been bradcasting live t the wrld, attracting much attentin in sciety. The public, especially the yuth, are lking frward t the next space lecture. There are three taiknauts n bard the space statin at the mment. When Shenzhu-15 arrives with a change f crew, scheduled fr early December, there will be six Chinese taiknauts living and wrking n the space statin fr a time until the return f the Shenzhu-14 missin crew members.
⑤China plans t cmplete the in-rbit cnstructin f the space statin by the end f this year. After that, the cuntry’s space prgram will enter a new decade-lng develpment and applicatin stage. The riginal plan is t send tw crewed spaceships and tw carg spaceships int space every year. Meanwhile, taiknauts will stay in rbit fr extended perids t maintain the statin and carry ut scientific and technlgical experiments. And in 2023,China will als develp next-generatin carrier rckets and crewed spaceships t significantly enhance(提高)its space prgram’s verall technlgical capabilities.
⑥China has expressed n many ccasins that it accepts internatinal cperatin and freign astrnauts t cnduct research abard its space statin. S, let’s expect t unlck mre mysteries f the universe thrugh jint glbal effrts.
1．Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE abut Mengtian lab mdule?
A．It’s the secnd majr cmpnent f China’s space statin.
B．It plays an imprtant rle in the maintenance f the space statin.
C．It’s enugh huge t hld a great lt f peple.
D．It’s mainly used fr research bilgical science prjects.
2．What des Paragraph 3 mainly tell us abut the space statin?
A．Its applicatins.B．Its mdules.
C．Its size and shape.D．Its livable space.
3．What is the next step fr China’s space prgram?
A．Sending tw crewed spaceships and tw carg spaceships every year.
B．Develping next-generatin carrier rckets and crewed spaceships.
C．Hlding mre space lectures t inspire the enthusiasm f yung peple.
D．Develping next-generatin carrier rckets and crewed spaceships.
4．What can we knw frm the last paragraph?
A．China is very care abut the space industry.
B．China’s space industry still has a lng way t g.
C．China will make a new huge success in space industry.
D．China hpes t explre space with ther cuntries tgether.
（2023春·四川遂宁·高一遂宁中学校考期中）In abut 23 years，it may finally be time t lk up. A recently discvered asterid (小行星) has a chance f hitting the earth n Valentine’s Day in 2046. It was discvered n Feb.26 at an bservatry in San Pedr de Atacama, Chile.
While the thught f an asterid hitting the earth may sund cncerning, Natinal Aernautics and Space Administratin (NASA) says peple shuldn’t be wrried.
The asterid has an estimated diameter f 160 feet, which is abut the same size as an Olympic swimming pl r the width f a ftball field.
“We’ve been tracking a new asterid named 2023 DW that has a very small chance f impacting the earth. Often when new bjects are discvered, it takes several weeks’ data t reduce the uncertainties and adequately predict their rbits years int the future, “NASA’s Planetary Defense Crdinatin Office (PDCO) said.
The asterid is ranked n the Trin Scale as level 1 threat. The scale is a tl t categrize ptential earth impacts, with zer being n threat and 10 being smething that can cause a glbal disaster. One n the Trin Scale means 2023 DW is in the nrmal, r green zne.
“Current calculatins shw the chance f cllisin (碰撞) is extremely unlikely with n need fr public cncern,” NASA says f the green zne. “New telescpic bservatins will very likely lead t re-assignment t Level 0.”
Althugh 2023 DW desn’t pse a great risk t the earth, NASA has been cntinuing t wrk t defend ur planet frm any asterid that culd cause disaster.
In September, 2022, NASA crashed its Duble Asterid Redirectin Test spacecraft, r DART, int an asterid t see if it culd change the trajectry f the space rck. NASA later cnfirmed the missin was a success, and is cntinuing t research hw effective the methd is, shuld a massive asterid be headed ur way.
5．What des NASA’s PDCO say abut 2023 DW?
A．It is t clse t the earth.B．It must be destryed in space.
C．Its rbit is still uncertain nw.D．Its rbit shuld be changed.
6．Hw is 2023 DW ranked n the Trin Scale?
A．As Level zer threat.B．As Level ten threat.
C．In the nrmal zne.D．In the threatening zne.
7．What des the underlined wrd “trajectry” mean in the last paragraph?
A．Size.B．Weight.C．Angle.D．Path.
8．Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．An Asterid Was Discvered at an Observatry in Chile
B．An Asterid Is Cming Our Way, Unlikely t Hit Us
C．A Space Rck Has Just Passed the Earth
D．A Spacecraft Has Been Crashed Recently
（2023春·河南南阳·高一统考期中）Scientists believed that if they culd hit an asterid(小行星)with an bject travelling very fast, they culd push the asterid ff the path it was n. S NASA came up with an experiment called the Duble Asterid Redirectin Test, r DART.
Engineers built a bx-shaped spacecraft that was abut the size f a small car and weighed 570 kilgrams and equipped it with a special camera and cmputers that wuld allw it t find and fllw the asterid they had chsen fr the experiment.
Asterids are rcky bjects that mve arund the Sun. The smallest are the size f a large stne while sme are up t 1, 000 kilmeters in diameter (直径). The asterid that was the target fr this test is called Dimrphs, abut 160 meters in diameter, r the size f a ftball stadium. It rbits (环绕) anther larger asterid, called Didyms. They are mre than 7 millin kilmeters away frm Earth and g arund the Sun tgether, nce every tw years.
The DART spacecraft was sent up in Nvember 2021 and then rbited the Sun fr 10 mnths, fllwing the path f Didyms and Dimrphs. Mst f that time, Dimrphs was hidden by the sunlight reflecting ff f the larger asterid. On September 26, 2022, the spacecraft’s camera nticed Dimrphs fr the first time and its navigatin(导航)system began t guide it thrugh space twards its target. Abut an hur later, it crashed int Dimrphs at mre than 22, 500kilmeters per hur.
Scientists studied the data and images f the asterids fr the next tw weeks and fund that the rbit f Dimrphs has shrtened frm 11 hurs and 55 minutes t 11 hurs and 23 minutes:a 32-minute change. While this may seem like a very small change, it shws that—if a dangerus asterid was heading tward us—it wuld be pssible t knck it ff its curse, keeping Earth safe. The chances f Earth actually being hit by an asterid large enugh t cause damage are very small.
9．What is the purpse f the DART?
A．T test whether scientists’ idea is true r nt.
B．T knw the weight f the asterids ging arund the Sun.
C．T learn abut the number f asterids getting clse t Earth.
D．T understand hw asterids mve thrugh space.
10．What can we learn abut the target fr the DART?
A．It is as large as a stadium.B．It is 1, 000 kilmeters wide.
C．It is a bx-shaped asterid.D．It is an asterid called Didyms.
11．What did the DART spacecraft d first after being sent up?
A．It hid the reflected sunlight.B．It fllwed the path f the target asterid.
C．It landed safely n the target asterid.D．It flew thrugh space t the target asterid.
12．What des the authr think f the result f the DART?
A．Dubtful.B．Unsatisfying.C．Unexpected.D．Useful.
（2023春·河北保定·高一校联考期中）Over the past few years, China’s aerspace industry has witnessed many landmark events. Apart frm celebrating these scientific achievements, the public has als develped a grwing interest in the missins’ unique names, f which many are derived frm China’s myths and legends.
China’s spacecraft are called Shenzhu. This literally means “heavenly ship” in Chinese, and is als a hmnym fr the Chinese wrds “divine land”, which is a term used in literary wrks t refer t the cuntry. China’s mn explratin prject and its lunar prbe(月球探测器)are bth named after a Chinese gddess f the mn,Chang’e. In 2013,the Chang’e-3 lunar prbe landed n the mn and was carried arund by a lunar rver(月球车)called Yutu. The tw names perfectly match the legend f the mn fairy and her pet. In anther example,the relay satellite fr the Chang’e-4 mn explratin missin is called Queqia, r “magpie bridge”. The magpie bridge, in a Chinese flk tale, was frmed by millins f magpies, s that a separated cuple culd meet each ther despite the Milky Way. Likewise,the Queqia relay satellite serves as a “space-bridge”fr cmmunicatin between the mn and the earth.
Chinese peple’s eagerness fr the universe dated back t ancient times, sme even tried t explre. Luban, a great inventr living in the Eastern Zhu Dynasty, made a flying wd bird. Others created many myths and legends, such as “Kuafu Chases the Sun”, t explain phenmena that they culd nt explain. These traditinal stries have becme the surce f inspiratin fr Chinese scientists in the naming f majr space missins.
The famus spacecraft and rvers built by the United States include the Challenger,the Opprtunity and the Spirit, whse names reflect a psitive and enterprising spirit. This is quite unlike hw the Chinese name their spacecraft,which reflects the Chinese peple’s sense f rmance and awe fr space as well as their effrts t pass dwn traditinal culture and their ancestrs’ spirit f scientific discvery. Nevertheless, all these names, Chinese r freign, shwcase the dreams f humankind and ur cllective pursuit t discver the secrets f space.
When Apll 11 prepared t land n the mn, the cntrl center n earth tld the astrnauts nbard t “watch fr a lvely girl with a big rabbit”, which refers t Chang’e and her rabbit Yutu. With the rapid prgress f China’s aerspace industry, mre and mre Chinese stries embdying Chinese rmanticism will be shwn t the wrld.
13．Hw is paragraph 2 develped?
A．By making cmparisns.
B．By describing prcesses.
C．By giving examples.
D．By analyzing causes.
14．Why the relay satellite was named “Queqia”?
A．Because this name can draw public attentin.
B．Because this name cmes frm a Chinese flk tale.
C．Because this name reflects Chinese rmanticism.
D．Because this name indicates the functin f the relay satellite.
15．What can we infer frm the last three paragraphs?
A．The ancient Chinese explred the space t create myths and legends.
B．Sme spaces missins’ names are riginated frm traditinal stries.
C．China and the US name their spacecraft differently because f different pursuits.
D．China’s aerspace industry has changed the wrld.
16．What is the best title fr the text?
A．Space Missins’ Names.
B．Hw t name Space Missins?
C．Space Missins’ Names Embdy Chinese Rmanticism.
D．Chinese Myths and Legends.
（2023春·广东惠州·高一校考期中）
The success f Blue Origin’s space turism flights has caused cncerns amng the public. Many say it is a rich persn’s game that is unnecessary when Earth badly needs help.
Fr Jane Smith, c-funder f Space View, the industry is nt preventing Earth frm help, but helping its residents better understand their wrld.
“Space explratin has played an imprtant rle in frming ur understanding f ur planet,” Smith said in an interview. “The mst dwnladed image in histry is Earthrise that was taken in 1968 by Apll astrnauts as they circled the mn. Taking the pht was nt n their schedule f activities but they were s struck by the scene that they rushed t recrd it. That ne phtgraph helped humanity see Earth as a planet in space, and inspired an envirnmental mvement.”
Space View, funded in 2019, is a firm using a giant balln t send humans int the stratsphere (平流层). It is designing a luxurius capsule (豪华太空舱) that fits six passengers, wh can relax in seats r enjy a snack while flying 20 miles abve Earth.
Smith explained that eventually, millins f peple will have exciting space experience. Tickets fr a ride thrugh Space View currently run $125,000 a seat, but Smith said the “lng-term visin is t bring the price dwn significantly”. “A ticket price f, say, $30,000-$840,000 wuld make the space trip affrdable t many millins f peple,” she added.
When asked abut the public cmments, Smith answered, “When peple visit space and experience ur Earth frm that fantastic pint, they cnnect deeply with ur planet and the singular human family that inhabits it. It bradens their perspective (视角) and they return with a deepened understanding f scial and envirnmental causes.”
17．What d the public think f Blue Origin’s space turism flights?
A．Successful.B．Inspiring.C．Beneficial.D．Cstly.
18．Why des Jane Smith mentin the pht f Earthrise?
A．T review the histry f the pht.
B．T express respects t Apll astrnauts.
C．T remind peple f the beauty f the space.
D．T explain the significance f space explratin.
19．What d we knw abut Space View?
A．It has made much mney frm space turism.
B．It aims t make space turism ppular.
C．It plays a part in Blue Origin’s flights.
D．It has sent six passengers int space.
20．What wuld be the best title f the passage?
A．Is Space Turism a Rich Persn’s Game?
B．Can Everyne Experience Space Turism?
C．Why Shuld the Public Knw abut Space?
D．Hw Has Space Turism Develped Rapidly?
（2023·高一课时练习）China has becme the first cuntry t successfully land a spacecraft n the far side f the mn. The Chang’e 4 prbe (探测器) has als made the first mn landing since 1972. It has the task f explring the side f the mn that never faces the Earth. The dark side f the mn is lder and has a thicker surface than the visible side. It takes the mn as lng t g arund n its wn axis (轴) as it des fr ne cmplete rbit arund the Earth.
The Chinese prbe landed in a huge crater (坑) 2,500 km in diameter and 13 km in depth. The crater is ne f the ldest parts f the mn and ur slar system.
Scientists hpe t learn mre abut the gelgy f the far side f the mn. The craft has tw cameras n bard which will send images back t the earth. It will als try t send signals t distant regins f space, smething that cannt happen n the earth because f t much radi nise.
Chang’e 4 als has instruments n bard t examine minerals as well as a cntainer with seeds which will try t create a miniature (微型的) bisphere (生物圈).
Cmmunicatin with the spacecraft is nt easy. Images and ther data must be transmitted t a separate satellite because n direct cmmunicatin with the earth is pssible.
Fr China the Chang’e 4 missin is an imprtant achievement, because the cuntry has successfully dne smething n ther natin n the earth has dne. It wants t becme a leading pwer in space explratin and has annunced plans t send astrnauts t the mn and set up its wn space statin.
21．Where did the Chang’e 4 prbe land?
A．On the side f the mn facing the earth.
B．On the invisible side f the mn.
C．In a yunger crater n the mn.
D．In a previus space statin.
22．What can we learn frm the text?
A．The dark side f the mn is as cld as the ther side.
B．The bright side is yunger and thinner than the ther side.
C．Other places in space may hardly receive signals frm the craft.
D．The tw cameras n the craft can send pictures t the earth easily.
23．Accrding t the text, what will China d in the future?
A．Land manned spacecraft n the mn.
B．Build anther space statin n the mn.
C．Launch mre space prbes t the mn.
D．Becme the first cuntry t explre space.
（2023·全国·高一校考专题练习）Wang Yaping, ne f the three crew members in the Shenzhu-X class spacecraft, delivered the lecture thrugh a 40-minute live vide bradcast, nine days after the successful spacecraft launch.
Assisted by the ther tw astrnauts Nie Haisheng and Zhang Xiaguang, Wang shwed students hw mvement ccurs in a zer-gravity envirnment thrugh a series f physics experiments t help students understand basic physics cncepts.
Observers say the creative lecture is nt nly gd fr science and patritic W1 educatin f the yunger generatin but als shws natinal cnfidence in China’s maturing W2 space technlgies.
Via the vide feed system, the three astrnauts interacted with sme 300 curius students in Beijing n Thursday after the lecture, wh raised questins abut their daily life in the space mdule.
“I’m extremely excited t see the magical effects f the experiments. I feel like I’m clse t space while watching the live bradcast, ” a primary schl student in Beijing tld the Glbal Times after the lecture.
The lecture became ne f the mst ppular tpics n Weib Thursday, with sme Web users saying this visually W3 impressive methd f educatin has made them interested in space science.
The lecture als drew internatinal attentin. After the lecture, Wang replied t a letter f greeting frm Barbara Mrgan, a female US astrnaut wh participated in a space teaching prgram in 2007. “We wuld like t jin the effrt, as yu have dne, t bring science-lving yuth arund the wrld clser t their dreams f explring the universe, ” Wang said in the reply, Xinhua reprted.
24．We can infer frm the passage Wang Yaping did the experiments ______.
A．n her wn
B．in an envirnment withut gravity
C．nly t amuse the students
D．nly t shw China’s maturing space technlgies
25．We can say this lecture is ______.
A．impressive but ridiculus
B．creative but impractical
C．interesting and educatinal
D．educatinal but bring
26．Accrding t the passage, we knw Barbara Mrgan ______.
A．is a wman astrnaut frm America
B．nce taught Wang Yaping hw t deliver a speech in space
C．was the first wman in US t be sent in space
D．nce trained with Wang Yaping
27．What’s the main idea f the passage?
A．The Shenzhu-X class spacecraft.
B．Wang Yaping’s space class.
C．The internatinal influence f China’s space explratin.
D．China’s utstanding astrnauts.
（2023秋·吉林延边·高一统考期末）“Welcme t ur new ‘classrm’!” said Chen Dng, ne f the three astrnauts f the Shenzhu XIV missin.
They were giving a science class 400 kilmeters abve Earth n Oct 12. It was the third space class frm the Tiangng space statin, but the first ne frm the Wentian lab mdule(实验舱) since its launch in July. The frmer tw classes were held in the Tianhe cre mdule(核心舱).
What des the new “classrm” lk like? Chen, tgether with Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe, shwed us arund. “The beds in the Tianhe mdule are placed hrizntally(横着), while ur beds are kept upright,” said Liu. That means astrnauts in the Wentian lab mdule need t sleep standing up! But as Liu explained, peple dn’t feel any difference because there’s n gravity(重力)in space. Astrnauts can even sleep n the ceiling(天花板)r upside dwn!
The astrnauts als shwed their “space farm”, where lettuce, wheat, thale cress(拟南芥)and rice are grwn. “Take a picture!” “Send the picture!” Thrugh a vice-cntrlled camera, Chen already sent a picture f the thale cress t scientists n Earth. Then he used scissrs t cut a sample. “I’ll put it int a fridge at -80 ℃ and later give it t scientists n Earth,” said Chen. Scientists will study hw the envirnment f space affects the grwth f plants.
“We hpe in the near future, we can harvest the fd grwn n ur wn,” said Chen. “Maybe ne day, we can grw fd n the mn r even n Mars!”
28．Where were the astrnauts giving a science class?
A．In a lab n Earth.B．In the Wentian lab mdule.
C．In the Tianhe cre mdule.D．In Shengzhu XIV.
29．What are the bed in the new “classrm” like?
A．They are placed hrizntally.B．They are n the ceiling.
C．They are kept straight.D．They are turned upside dwn.
30．What des the underlined wrd “it” in paragraph 4 refer t?
A．A piece f thale cress.B．A picture.
C．A pack f rice.D．A piece f lettuce.
31．Which wrd best describes Chen Dng’s attitude t the future f space farming?
A．Dubtful.B．Uncncerned.
C．Hpeful.D．Negative.
（2023秋·辽宁·高一校联考期末）Shuld humans explre space? If yu ask me, I’ll definitely give a psitive answer.
The explitatin (开发) f space has a direct impact n the lives f humans, as well as the state f ur wrld. Satellites mving arund the earth enable cmmunicatin acrss the wrld. cnnecting peple f different cntinents and bradcasting infrmatin wrldwide. The Glbal Psitining System (GPS) can identify ur lcatin anywhere. Furthermre, weather satellites can frecast harmful weather cnditins which allws humans t prepare fr deadly natural disasters and save lives.
Space prgrams can als indirectly cntribute t the slutin t pverty and wrld hunger. Fr example, large plts f land culd be used far better if humans applied technlgies. The mst effective tl is the artificial earth satellite. It can screen areas f land within a very shrt time, indicating useful measures such as the cnditin f crps, sil rainfall, and drughts. It can then transmit this infrmatin t grund statins n the earth fr better use.
In recent years, space-based technlgies have becme an imprtant factr t reach and expand glbal health bjectives. Infrmatin prvided by remte technlgies can be applied t study the epidemilgy (流行病学). This data prvided by space technlgies can mnitr disease patterns, understand the envirnmental causes that spread it, make predictins abut where it can spread in the future, and make plans t fight it efficiently.
Furthermre, access t better educatin means better life prspects and pprtunities fr human beings. Rural cmmunities have disadvantaged access t educatin and satellite cmmunicatin technlgies are trying t bridge this gap. With the advancement f technlgy, students can nw access any infrmatin and cnnect with peers and teachers in different parts f the wrld via vide cnferences and the creatin f virtual classrms.
Space explratin is smething we can d fr future generatins. Mankind is using the resurces prvided n the planet, but these will run ut ne day. Overppulatin can be an existential threat fr all mankind. With the advancement f space technlgy, it will be wise t use and explre the vast ptential f ther planets, such as the availability f mining resurces n asterids r ther planets.
Fr the explratin f the universe, perhaps the mst advantageus f all is that it will unite us t wrk tgether fr a cmmn purpse, regardless f ur differences.
32．What can space explitatin d accrding t Paragraph 2?
A．Imprve the traffic n the earth.B．Prmte travel between cuntries.
C．Help prevent deadly natural disasters.D．Help humans cmmunicate and exchange infrmatin.
33．Hw can space prgrams help with pverty and wrld hunger?
A．By benefiting crp prductin with artificial earth satellites.
B．By transprting fd wrldwide mre easily.
C．By creating jb pprtunities fr the pr.
D．By prtecting available land resurces.
34．What des the authr think f mining resurces n ther planets?
A．Time-wastingB．Arguable.C．Necessary.D．Educatinal
35．What wuld be the best title fr the text?
A．Why Space Explratin Is Imprtant?
B．Why Humankind Shuld Keep Explring?
C．Why We Shuld Imprve Space Technlgy?
D．Why Humans Shuld Keep Develping Technlgies?
参考答案：
1．B 2．A 3．D 4．D
【导语】本文是新闻报道。主要介绍了中国成功地将“梦天”号送入太空，向今年年底建成天宫空间站的目标又迈进了一步。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Mengtian is the secnd lab mdule and the last majr cmpnent f the cuntry’s space statin. The first lab mdule is Wentian which is already dcked with the Tianhe cre mdule.The three mdules will frm a T-shaped cmplex in space.(梦天号是第二个实验舱，也是我国空间站的最后一个主要组成部分。第一个实验舱是“问天”号，它已经与天河号核心舱对接。这三个模块将在太空中形成一个t形的综合体)”可知，梦天号是第三个主要组成部分，所以A项错误，第三段中“Mengtian will als act as a backup fr the cre mdule when it is underging maintenance.(“梦天”还将在核心模块进行维护时充当备用模块)”可知，它在空间站的维护中起着重要的作用，所以B项正确，“While Wentian is used fr bilgical and space life science prjects, such as bserving the grwth f varius kinds f plants, animals and micrbesin space, Mengtian will be used fr in-rbit experiments dedicated t physics and material sciences and will fcus n micr-gravity experiments.(“问天”号将用于生物和空间生命科学项目，如观察各种植物、动物和微生物在太空中的生长，而“梦天”号将用于物理和材料科学的在轨实验，并将重点放在微重力实验上)”，可知，“梦天”号将用于物理和材料科学的在轨实验，所以D项错误，C项文中未提及错误。故选B项。
2．主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Mengtian weighs abut 23 tns. It is 17.9 meters lng and has a maximum diameter f 4.2 meters. It can be further subdivided int wrk, resurce, paylad and carg airlck cabins. While Wentian is used fr bilgical and space life science prjects, such as bserving the grwth f varius kinds f plants, animals and micrbesin space, Mengtian will be used fr in-rbit experiments dedicated t physics and material sciences and will fcus n micr-gravity experiments. Mengtian will als act as a backup fr the cre mdule when it is underging maintenance. And with Mengtian in place, the space statin will be able t hld mre taiknauts.(梦天重约23吨。它长17.9米，最大直径4.2米。它可以进一步细分为工作舱、资源舱、有效载荷舱和货物气闸舱。“问天”号将用于生物和空间生命科学项目，如观察各种植物、动物和微生物在太空中的生长，而“梦天”号将用于物理和材料科学的在轨实验，并将重点放在微重力实验上。“梦天”还将在核心模块进行维护时充当备用模块。随着“梦天”的就位，空间站将能够容纳更多的宇航员)”可知，第三段要告诉我们关于空间站的应用。故选A项。
3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“And in 2023,China will als develp next-generatin carrier rckets and crewed spaceships t significantly enhance its space prgram’s verall technlgical capabilities.(2023年，中国还将开发下一代运载火箭和载人飞船，以显著提高其太空计划的整体技术能力)”可知，中国太空计划的下一步是开发下一代运载火箭和载人宇宙飞船。故选D项。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“China has expressed n many ccasins that it accepts internatinal cperatin and freign astrnauts t cnduct research abard its space statin. S, let’s expect t unlck mre mysteries f the universe thrugh jint glbal effrts.(中国曾多次表示，接受国际合作，接受外国航天员到中国空间站进行科研工作。因此，让我们期待通过全球的共同努力来解开更多的宇宙之谜)”可知，中国希望与其他国家共同探索太空。故选D项。
5．C 6．C 7．D 8．B
【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章主要讲述一个天文台发现一颗小行星有可能在未来的某一天撞击地球，但是分析可推断撞击地球可能性很小。
5．细节理解题。根据第四段内容““We’ve been tracking a new asterid named 2023 DW that has a very small chance f impacting the earth. Often when new bjects are discvered, it takes several weeks’ data t reduce the uncertainties and adequately predict their rbits years int the future, “NASA’s Planetary Defense Crdinatin Office (PDCO) said.(“我们一直在跟踪一颗名为2023 DW的新小行星，它撞击地球的可能性非常小。通常，当发现新天体时，需要几周的数据来减少不确定性，并充分预测它们未来几年的轨道，”美国宇航局的行星防御协调办公室(PDCO)说)”可知，关于2023DW，美国宇航局的防御协调办公室认为需要进一步的研究数据来预测它的未来轨道。由此可知，它现在的轨道不确定。故选C。
6．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的““Current calculatins shw the chance f cllisin (碰撞) is extremely unlikely with n need fr public cncern,” NASA says f the green zne. “New telescpic bservatins will very likely lead t re-assignment t Level 0.”(NASA在谈到绿色区域时说：“目前的计算显示，碰撞的可能性极低，公众无需担心。”“新的望远镜观测结果很可能会导致重新分配到0级。”)”可知，2023DW碰撞的可能性极低，新的分级可能会重新分配到零级，说明它处于正常的区域。故选C。
7．词句猜测题。根据前文“In September, 2022, NASA crashed its Duble Asterid Redirectin Test spacecraft, r DART, int an asterid(2022年9月，美国宇航局将其双小行星重定向测试飞船(DART)撞向了一颗小行星)”和下文“NASA later cnfirmed the missin was a success, and is cntinuing t research hw effective the methd is, shuld a massive asterid be headed ur way.(美国国家航空航天局后来证实这次任务是成功的，并继续研究这种方法的有效性，以防一颗巨大的小行星朝我们飞来)”可推断，美国宇航局双双小行星定向测试飞船撞向一颗小行星是为了测试改变这个太空岩石的轨道，以免它撞向地球。由此可知，划线词与path意思相近。故选D。
8．主旨大意题。根据第一段内容“A recently discvered asterid (小行星) has a chance f hitting the earth n Valentine’s Day in 2046. It was discvered n Feb.26 at an bservatry in San Pedr de Atacama, Chile.( IA最近发现一颗小行星有可能在2046年情人节那天撞击地球。它于2月26日在智利圣佩德罗德阿塔卡马的一个天文台被发现)”以及下文分析，这个小行星不可能撞击地球，文章主要讲述一个天文台发现一颗小行星有可能在未来的某一天撞击地球，但是撞击地球可能性很小。由此可知，B项“一颗小行星正向我们驶来，不太可能击中我们”为最佳标题。故选B。
9．A 10．A 11．B 12．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。科学们家通过DART实验证明，他们能用一个速度非常快的物体撞击一颗小行星，把小行星推离它原来的轨道。这样，地球被一颗大到足以造成破坏的小行星撞击的可能性非常小了。
9．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Scientists believed that if they culd hit an asterid(小行星)with an bject travelling very fast, they culd push the asterid ff the path it was n. S NASA came up with an experiment called the Duble Asterid Redirectin Test, r DART.(科学家们相信，如果他们能用一个速度非常快的物体撞击一颗小行星，他们就可以把小行星推离它原来的轨道。因此，美国宇航局提出了一项名为‘双小行星重定向测试’(DART)的实验)”可知，DART实验的目的是检验科学家们的想法是否可行。故选A项。
10．细节理解题。根据第三段的第三句“The asterid that was the target fr this test is called Dimrphs, abut 160 meters in diameter, r the size f a ftball stadium.(这次测试的目标小行星被称为Dimrphs，直径约160米，或足球场大小)”可知，这次测试的目标小行星和足球场一样大。故选A项。
11．细节理解题。根据第四段的第一句“The DART spacecraft was sent up in Nvember 2021 and then rbited the Sun fr 10 mnths, fllwing the path f Didyms and Dimrphs.(DART宇宙飞船于2021年11月发射升空，然后沿着Didyms和Dimrphs的路径绕太阳运行了10个月)”可知，在发射以后，DART宇宙飞船首先是沿着目标小行星的路径飞行。故选B项。
12．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Scientists studied the data and images f the asterids fr the next tw weeks and fund that the rbit f Dimrphs has shrtened frm 11 hurs and 55 minutes t 11 hurs and 23 minutes: a 32-minute change. While this may seem like a very small change, it shws that—if a dangerus asterid was heading tward us—it wuld be pssible t knck it ff its curse, keeping Earth safe. The chances f Earth actually being hit by an asterid large enugh t cause damage are very small.(科学家们在接下来的两周里研究了小行星的数据和图像，发现Dimrphs的轨道已经从11小时55分钟缩短到11小时23分钟：变化了32分钟。虽然这看起来是一个非常小的变化，但它表明，如果一颗危险的小行星正朝我们靠近，它就有可能偏离轨道，从而确保地球的安全。地球被一颗大到足以造成破坏的小行星撞击的可能性非常小)”可推论出，作者认为DART实验结果是很有用的。故选D项。
13．C 14．D 15．B 16．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国航空航天业见证了许多具有里程碑意义的事件，这些任务独特的名字很多事来自于中国的神话与浪漫传说。
13．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In anther example, the relay satellite fr the Chang’e-4 mn explratin missin is called Queqia, r “magpie bridge”. The magpie bridge, in a Chinese flk tale, was frmed by millins f magpies, s that a separated cuple culd meet each ther despite the Milky Way.(在另一个例子中，嫦娥四号月球探测任务的中继卫星被称为“鹊桥”。在中国民间传说中，鹊桥是由数百万只喜鹊组成的，这样，分开的情侣就可以在银河系外重逢了。)”可知，该段列举了多个与中国神话相关的航空航天任务的名称，所以本段是用举例子的方式展开的。故选C项。
14．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The magpie bridge, in a Chinese flk tale, was frmed by millins f magpies, s that a separated cuple culd meet each ther despite the Milky Way. Likewise, the Queqia relay satellite serves as a “space-bridge” fr cmmunicatin between the mn and the earth.(在中国民间传说中，鹊桥是由数百万只喜鹊组成的，这样，分开的情侣就可以在银河系外重逢了。同样，鹊桥中继卫星充当了月球和地球之间通信的“太空桥梁”。)”可知，“鹊桥”可以使一对分离的夫妻在银河相聚，而“鹊桥”中继卫星的充当的是月球和地球通信的“太空桥梁”，由此可知，二者的功能相似，所以中继卫星命名为“鹊桥”是因为这个名词暗示了中继卫星的功能。故选D项。
15．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“These traditinal stries have becme the surce f inspiratin fr Chinese scientists in the naming f majr space missins.(这些传统故事已经成为中国科学家命名重大太空任务的灵感来源。)”和倒数第二段中的“This is quite unlike hw the Chinese name their spacecraft, which reflects the Chinese peple’s sense f rmance and awe fr space as well as their effrts t pass dwn traditinal culture and their ancestrs’ spirit f scientific discvery. (这与中国人如何命名他们的航天器完全不同，这反映了中国人对太空的浪漫和敬畏感，以及他们传承传统文化和祖先科学发现精神的努力。)”以及最后一段中的“With the rapid prgress f China’s aerspace industry, mre and mre Chinese stries embdying Chinese rmanticism will be shwn t the wrld.(随着中国航天事业的飞速发展，将有越来越多体现中国浪漫主义的中国故事向世界展示。)”可知，在后三段中都提到了中国航空航天也任务的名字与中国的神话和浪漫的中国故事相关，由此后三段可推断出一些太空任务的名称来源于传统故事。故选B项。
16．主旨大意题。根据首段中的“Apart frm celebrating these scientific achievements, the public has als develped a grwing interest in the missins’ unique names, f which many are derived frm China’s myths and legends.(除了庆祝这些科学成就，公众也对这些任务的独特名字产生了越来越大的兴趣，其中许多名字来自中国的神话和传说。)”以及尾段中的“With the rapid prgress f China’s aerspace industry, mre and mre Chinese stries embdying Chinese rmanticism will be shwn t the wrld.(随着中国航天事业的飞速发展，将有越来越多体现中国浪漫主义的中国故事向世界展示。)”以及全文中列举的中国航天任务的名称可知，本文主要讲述的是中国航天任务名字与中国的神话传说以及浪漫的故事有关，所以本文的题目为“太空任务的名称体现了中国的浪漫主义”体现了文章讲述的主题，概括了全文的内容，符合题目的要求。故选C项。
17．D 18．D 19．B 20．A
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了蓝色起源太空旅游成功飞行，许多人认为这是富人的游戏，但其目标是使太空旅游大众化起来。
17．细节理解题。根据第一段 “The success f Blue Origin’s space turism flights has caused cncerns amng the public. Many say it is a rich persn’s game that is unnecessary when Earth badly needs help. (蓝色起源太空旅游飞行的成功引起了公众的关注。许多人说，这是富人的游戏，在地球急需帮助的时候，这是不必要的)”可知，公众认为蓝色起源的太空旅游是昂贵的。故选D项。
18．推理判断题。根据第三段中Smith 所说“Taking the pht was nt n their schedule f activities but they were s struck by the scene that they rushed t recrd it. That ne phtgraph helped humanity see Earth as a planet in space, and inspired an envirnmental mvement. (拍摄这张照片并没有在他们的活动计划中，但他们被这一幕震惊了，于是赶紧把它记录下来。这张照片帮助人类将地球视为太空中的一颗行星，并激发了一场环保运动)”可推知，Jane Smith提到地球升起的照片是要解释太空探索的意义。故选D项。
19．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Tickets fr a ride thrugh Space View currently run $125,000 a seat, but Smith said the ‘lng-term visin is t bring the price dwn significantly’(目前，Space View的票价为12.5万美元一个座位，但史密斯表示，‘长期目标是大幅降低票价’)”以及“A ticket price f, say, $30,000-$40,000 wuld make the space trip affrdable t many millins f peple.(3万至4万美元的票价将使数百万人负担得起太空旅行)”可推知，Space View目的是使太空旅游大众化起来。故选B项。
20．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段“The success f Blue Origin’s space turism flights has caused cncerns amng the public. Many say it is a rich persn’s game that is unnecessary when Earth badly needs help.(蓝色起源太空旅游飞行的成功引起了公众的关注。许多人说，这是富人的游戏，在地球急需帮助的时候，这是不必要的)”等内容可知，本文主要介绍了蓝色起源太空旅游成功飞行，许多人认为这是富人的游戏，但其目标是使太空旅游大众化起来。由此可知，选项A“太空旅游是富人的游戏吗？”适合作本文最佳标题。故选A项。
21．B 22．B 23．A
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了嫦娥四号探测器是首次成功着陆月球表面的探测器，以及登录月球背面的意义。
21．细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“It has the task f explring the side f the mn that never faces the Earth.(它的任务是探索月球不面向地球的那一面。)”可知，嫦娥四号在月球背面即人们无法看到的那一面着陆。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The dark side f the mn is lder and has a thicker surface than the visible side.(月球的暗面比可见面更古老，表面更厚。)” 可知，月球的暗面比能看到的(即亮的)那一面古老，表面要厚些，也就是说月亮面向地球的那一面要年轻些，表面要薄一些。故选B。
23．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“It wants t becme a leading pwer in space explratin and has annunced plans t send astrnauts t the mn and set up its wn space statin.(中国希望成为太空探索领域的领先大国，并宣布了将宇航员送上月球并建立自己的空间站的计划。)”可知，中国已宣布将宇航员送上月球并建立自己的空间站计划，这意味中国将使载人宇宙飞船登陆月球。故选A。
24．B 25．C 26．A 27．B
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了在神舟十号飞船成功发射9天后，神舟十号飞船的三名宇航员之一王亚平通过40分钟的视频直播进行了演讲。
24．推理判断题。根据第二段“Assisted by the ther tw astrnauts Nie Haisheng and Zhang Xiaguang, Wang shwed students hw mvement ccurs in a zer-gravity envirnment thrugh a series f physics experiments t help students understand basic physics cncepts.”（在聂海胜和张晓光两位宇航员的帮助下，王亚平通过一系列物理实验向学生们展示了在零重力环境下运动是如何发生的，以帮助学生理解基本的物理概念。）可知，我们可以从文章中推断出王亚平是在没有重力的环境下做实验的。故选B项。
25．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The lecture became ne f the mst ppular tpics n Weib Thursday, with sme Web users saying this visually W3 impressive methd f educatin has made them interested in space science.”（周四，该讲座成为微博上最热门的话题之一，一些网民表示，这种视觉上令人印象深刻的教育方式让他们对太空科学产生了兴趣。）可知，我们可以说这个讲座既有趣又有教育意义。故选C项。
26．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“After the lecture, Wang replied t a letter f greeting frm Barbara Mrgan, a female US astrnaut wh participated in a space teaching prgram in 2007.”（讲座结束后，王亚平回复了2007年参加太空教学项目的美国女宇航员芭芭拉·摩根的问候信。）可知，根据文章内容，我们知道芭芭拉·摩根是一位来自美国的女宇航员。故选A项。
27．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段“Wang Yaping, ne f the three crew members in the Shenzhu-X class spacecraft, delivered the lecture thrugh a 40-minute live vide bradcast, nine days after the successful spacecraft launch.”（在神舟十号飞船成功发射9天后，神舟十号飞船的三名宇航员之一王亚平通过40分钟的视频直播进行了演讲。）可知，这篇文章主要讲的是王亚平的航天课。故选B项。
28．B 29．C 30．A 31．C
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了神舟十四号宇航员在太空进行的“天宫课堂”第三课的主要内容等。
28．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“It was the third space class frm the Tiangng space statin, but the first ne frm the Wentian lab mdule(实验舱) since its launch in July.(这是天宫空间站进行的天宫课堂的第三课，但自7月发射以来，这是问天实验舱进行的第一次。)”可知，宇航员们是在问天实验舱里进行太空授课的。故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据文章第三段““The beds in the Tianhe mdule are placed hrizntally(横着), while ur beds are kept upright,” said Liu. That means astrnauts in the Wentian lab mdule need t sleep standing up! (“天河舱的床是横着放置的，而我们的床是直立的，”刘洋说。这意味着“问天”实验舱的宇航员需要站着睡觉！)”可知，问天实验舱的床保持直立。故选C。
30．词义猜测题。根据划线词的前一句“Thrugh a vice-cntrlled camera, Chen already sent a picture f the thale cress t scientists n Earth. Then he used scissrs t cut a sample.(通过一个声控相机，陈冬已经向地球上的科学家发送了一张塔勒水芹的照片。然后他用剪刀剪了一个样本。)”结合划线句“ “I’ll put it int a fridge at -80 ℃ and later give it t scientists n Earth,” said Chen. Scientists will study hw the envirnment f space affects the grwth f plants.(陈说:“我会把它放进零下80℃的冰箱里，然后交给地球上的科学家。”科学家们将研究太空环境如何影响植物的生长。)”可知，it代指的是一个塔勒水芹。故选A。
31．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““We hpe in the near future, we can harvest the fd grwn n ur wn,” said Chen. “Maybe ne day, we can grw fd n the mn r even n Mars!”(“我们希望在不久的将来，我们可以收获我们自己种植的食物，”陈冬说。“也许有一天，我们可以在月球甚至火星上种植食物!”)”可知，陈冬对于在太空中种植作物充满希望。故选C。
32．D 33．A 34．C 35．A
【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要讲的是人类是否应该探索太空为此话题而展开的讨论，论述了探索太空的重要性。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段“The space explratin has a direct impact n the lives f humans, as well as the state f ur wrld. Satellites mving arund the earth enable cmmunicatin acrss the wrld, cnnecting peple f different cntinents and bradcasting infrmatin wrldwide. The Glbal Psitining System(GPS) can identify ur lcatin anywhere. Furthermre, weather satellites can frecast harmful weather cnditins, which allws humans t prepare fr deadly natural disasters and save lives.”（太空探索直接影响着人类的生活，也影响着我们这个世界的现状。环绕地球运行的卫星使全世界的通信成为可能，将不同大陆的人们联系起来，向全世界广播信息。全球定位系统(GPS)可以在任何地方确定我们的位置。此外，气象卫星可以预测有害的天气状况，这使人类能够为致命的自然灾害做好准备，挽救生命。）可知，根据第二段，太空探索可以帮助人类交流和传播信息。故选D。
33．细节理解题。根据第三段“Space prgrams can als indirectly lead t the slutin t pverty and wrld hunger. Fr example, large plts f land culd be used far better if humans applied technlgies. The mst effective tl is the artificial earth satellite. It can screen areas f land within a very shrt time, indicating useful measures, such as the cnditin f crps, sil, rainfall, and drughts. It can then transmit this infrmatin t grund statins n the earth fr better use.”（太空计划还可以间接地解决贫困和世界饥饿问题。例如，如果人类应用技术，大片土地可以得到更好地利用。最有效的工具是人造地球卫星。它可以在很短的时间内筛选土地面积，显示有用的措施，如作物状况、土壤、降雨和干旱。然后，它可以将这些信息传输到地球上的地面站，以便更好地使用。）可知，太空计划利用人造地球卫星造福农作物生产来帮助解决贫困和世界饥饿问题。故选A。
34．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“With the advancement f space technlgy, it will be wise t use and explre the vast ptential f ther planets, such as the availability f mining resurces n asterids r ther planets.”（随着太空技术的进步，利用和探索其他行星的巨大潜力将是明智的，例如小行星或其他行星上的采矿资源的可用性。）可推知，作者对在其他星球上开采资源这一行为认为是有必要的。故选C。
35．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Shuld humans explre space? If yu ask me, I’ll definitely give a psitive answer.(人类应该探索太空吗？如果你问我，我一定会给你肯定的答复)”以及最后一段“Fr the explratin f the universe, perhaps the mst advantageus f all is that it will unite us t wrk tgether fr a cmmn purpse, regardless f ur differences.(对于宇宙的探索来说，也许最有利的是它将把我们团结起来，为了一个共同的目标而努力，不管我们有什么分歧)”结合文章主要讲的是人类是否应该探索太空为此话题而展开的讨论，论述了探索太空的重要性。可知，A选项“为什么太空探索很重要？”最符合文章标题。故选A。
①China successfully launched Mengtian int space, getting a step clser t cmpleting the cuntry’s Tiangng Space Statin by the end f this year.
②Mengtian is the secnd lab mdule(模块)and the last majr cmpnent f the cuntry’s space statin. The first lab mdule is Wentian which is already dcked (对接)with the Tianhe cre mdule. The three mdules will frm a T-shaped cmplex in space.
③Mengtian weighs abut 23 tns. It is 17.9 meters lng and has a maximum diameter f 4.2 meters. It can be further subdivided int wrk, resurce, paylad and carg airlck cabins.While Wentian is used fr bilgical and space life science prjects, such as bserving the grwth f varius kinds f plants, animals and micrbesin space, Mengtian will be used fr in-rbit experiments dedicated t physics and material sciences and will fcus n micr-gravity experiments. Mengtian will als act as a backup(备份)fr the cre mdule when it is underging maintenance(维修). And with Mengtian in place, the space statin will be able t hld mre taiknauts.
④Until nw, space lectures(天宫课堂), Tiangng Class”, in China’s Tiangng space statin have been bradcasting live t the wrld, attracting much attentin in sciety. The public, especially the yuth, are lking frward t the next space lecture. There are three taiknauts n bard the space statin at the mment. When Shenzhu-15 arrives with a change f crew, scheduled fr early December, there will be six Chinese taiknauts living and wrking n the space statin fr a time until the return f the Shenzhu-14 missin crew members.
⑤China plans t cmplete the in-rbit cnstructin f the space statin by the end f this year. After that, the cuntry’s space prgram will enter a new decade-lng develpment and applicatin stage. The riginal plan is t send tw crewed spaceships and tw carg spaceships int space every year. Meanwhile, taiknauts will stay in rbit fr extended perids t maintain the statin and carry ut scientific and technlgical experiments. And in 2023,China will als develp next-generatin carrier rckets and crewed spaceships t significantly enhance(提高)its space prgram’s verall technlgical capabilities.
⑥China has expressed n many ccasins that it accepts internatinal cperatin and freign astrnauts t cnduct research abard its space statin. S, let’s expect t unlck mre mysteries f the universe thrugh jint glbal effrts.
1．Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE abut Mengtian lab mdule?
A．It’s the secnd majr cmpnent f China’s space statin.
B．It plays an imprtant rle in the maintenance f the space statin.
C．It’s enugh huge t hld a great lt f peple.
D．It’s mainly used fr research bilgical science prjects.
2．What des Paragraph 3 mainly tell us abut the space statin?
A．Its applicatins.B．Its mdules.
C．Its size and shape.D．Its livable space.
3．What is the next step fr China’s space prgram?
A．Sending tw crewed spaceships and tw carg spaceships every year.
B．Develping next-generatin carrier rckets and crewed spaceships.
C．Hlding mre space lectures t inspire the enthusiasm f yung peple.
D．Develping next-generatin carrier rckets and crewed spaceships.
4．What can we knw frm the last paragraph?
A．China is very care abut the space industry.
B．China’s space industry still has a lng way t g.
C．China will make a new huge success in space industry.
D．China hpes t explre space with ther cuntries tgether.
（2023春·四川遂宁·高一遂宁中学校考期中）In abut 23 years，it may finally be time t lk up. A recently discvered asterid (小行星) has a chance f hitting the earth n Valentine’s Day in 2046. It was discvered n Feb.26 at an bservatry in San Pedr de Atacama, Chile.
While the thught f an asterid hitting the earth may sund cncerning, Natinal Aernautics and Space Administratin (NASA) says peple shuldn’t be wrried.
The asterid has an estimated diameter f 160 feet, which is abut the same size as an Olympic swimming pl r the width f a ftball field.
“We’ve been tracking a new asterid named 2023 DW that has a very small chance f impacting the earth. Often when new bjects are discvered, it takes several weeks’ data t reduce the uncertainties and adequately predict their rbits years int the future, “NASA’s Planetary Defense Crdinatin Office (PDCO) said.
The asterid is ranked n the Trin Scale as level 1 threat. The scale is a tl t categrize ptential earth impacts, with zer being n threat and 10 being smething that can cause a glbal disaster. One n the Trin Scale means 2023 DW is in the nrmal, r green zne.
“Current calculatins shw the chance f cllisin (碰撞) is extremely unlikely with n need fr public cncern,” NASA says f the green zne. “New telescpic bservatins will very likely lead t re-assignment t Level 0.”
Althugh 2023 DW desn’t pse a great risk t the earth, NASA has been cntinuing t wrk t defend ur planet frm any asterid that culd cause disaster.
In September, 2022, NASA crashed its Duble Asterid Redirectin Test spacecraft, r DART, int an asterid t see if it culd change the trajectry f the space rck. NASA later cnfirmed the missin was a success, and is cntinuing t research hw effective the methd is, shuld a massive asterid be headed ur way.
5．What des NASA’s PDCO say abut 2023 DW?
A．It is t clse t the earth.B．It must be destryed in space.
C．Its rbit is still uncertain nw.D．Its rbit shuld be changed.
6．Hw is 2023 DW ranked n the Trin Scale?
A．As Level zer threat.B．As Level ten threat.
C．In the nrmal zne.D．In the threatening zne.
7．What des the underlined wrd “trajectry” mean in the last paragraph?
A．Size.B．Weight.C．Angle.D．Path.
8．Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．An Asterid Was Discvered at an Observatry in Chile
B．An Asterid Is Cming Our Way, Unlikely t Hit Us
C．A Space Rck Has Just Passed the Earth
D．A Spacecraft Has Been Crashed Recently
（2023春·河南南阳·高一统考期中）Scientists believed that if they culd hit an asterid(小行星)with an bject travelling very fast, they culd push the asterid ff the path it was n. S NASA came up with an experiment called the Duble Asterid Redirectin Test, r DART.
Engineers built a bx-shaped spacecraft that was abut the size f a small car and weighed 570 kilgrams and equipped it with a special camera and cmputers that wuld allw it t find and fllw the asterid they had chsen fr the experiment.
Asterids are rcky bjects that mve arund the Sun. The smallest are the size f a large stne while sme are up t 1, 000 kilmeters in diameter (直径). The asterid that was the target fr this test is called Dimrphs, abut 160 meters in diameter, r the size f a ftball stadium. It rbits (环绕) anther larger asterid, called Didyms. They are mre than 7 millin kilmeters away frm Earth and g arund the Sun tgether, nce every tw years.
The DART spacecraft was sent up in Nvember 2021 and then rbited the Sun fr 10 mnths, fllwing the path f Didyms and Dimrphs. Mst f that time, Dimrphs was hidden by the sunlight reflecting ff f the larger asterid. On September 26, 2022, the spacecraft’s camera nticed Dimrphs fr the first time and its navigatin(导航)system began t guide it thrugh space twards its target. Abut an hur later, it crashed int Dimrphs at mre than 22, 500kilmeters per hur.
Scientists studied the data and images f the asterids fr the next tw weeks and fund that the rbit f Dimrphs has shrtened frm 11 hurs and 55 minutes t 11 hurs and 23 minutes:a 32-minute change. While this may seem like a very small change, it shws that—if a dangerus asterid was heading tward us—it wuld be pssible t knck it ff its curse, keeping Earth safe. The chances f Earth actually being hit by an asterid large enugh t cause damage are very small.
9．What is the purpse f the DART?
A．T test whether scientists’ idea is true r nt.
B．T knw the weight f the asterids ging arund the Sun.
C．T learn abut the number f asterids getting clse t Earth.
D．T understand hw asterids mve thrugh space.
10．What can we learn abut the target fr the DART?
A．It is as large as a stadium.B．It is 1, 000 kilmeters wide.
C．It is a bx-shaped asterid.D．It is an asterid called Didyms.
11．What did the DART spacecraft d first after being sent up?
A．It hid the reflected sunlight.B．It fllwed the path f the target asterid.
C．It landed safely n the target asterid.D．It flew thrugh space t the target asterid.
12．What des the authr think f the result f the DART?
A．Dubtful.B．Unsatisfying.C．Unexpected.D．Useful.
（2023春·河北保定·高一校联考期中）Over the past few years, China’s aerspace industry has witnessed many landmark events. Apart frm celebrating these scientific achievements, the public has als develped a grwing interest in the missins’ unique names, f which many are derived frm China’s myths and legends.
China’s spacecraft are called Shenzhu. This literally means “heavenly ship” in Chinese, and is als a hmnym fr the Chinese wrds “divine land”, which is a term used in literary wrks t refer t the cuntry. China’s mn explratin prject and its lunar prbe(月球探测器)are bth named after a Chinese gddess f the mn,Chang’e. In 2013,the Chang’e-3 lunar prbe landed n the mn and was carried arund by a lunar rver(月球车)called Yutu. The tw names perfectly match the legend f the mn fairy and her pet. In anther example,the relay satellite fr the Chang’e-4 mn explratin missin is called Queqia, r “magpie bridge”. The magpie bridge, in a Chinese flk tale, was frmed by millins f magpies, s that a separated cuple culd meet each ther despite the Milky Way. Likewise,the Queqia relay satellite serves as a “space-bridge”fr cmmunicatin between the mn and the earth.
Chinese peple’s eagerness fr the universe dated back t ancient times, sme even tried t explre. Luban, a great inventr living in the Eastern Zhu Dynasty, made a flying wd bird. Others created many myths and legends, such as “Kuafu Chases the Sun”, t explain phenmena that they culd nt explain. These traditinal stries have becme the surce f inspiratin fr Chinese scientists in the naming f majr space missins.
The famus spacecraft and rvers built by the United States include the Challenger,the Opprtunity and the Spirit, whse names reflect a psitive and enterprising spirit. This is quite unlike hw the Chinese name their spacecraft,which reflects the Chinese peple’s sense f rmance and awe fr space as well as their effrts t pass dwn traditinal culture and their ancestrs’ spirit f scientific discvery. Nevertheless, all these names, Chinese r freign, shwcase the dreams f humankind and ur cllective pursuit t discver the secrets f space.
When Apll 11 prepared t land n the mn, the cntrl center n earth tld the astrnauts nbard t “watch fr a lvely girl with a big rabbit”, which refers t Chang’e and her rabbit Yutu. With the rapid prgress f China’s aerspace industry, mre and mre Chinese stries embdying Chinese rmanticism will be shwn t the wrld.
13．Hw is paragraph 2 develped?
A．By making cmparisns.
B．By describing prcesses.
C．By giving examples.
D．By analyzing causes.
14．Why the relay satellite was named “Queqia”?
A．Because this name can draw public attentin.
B．Because this name cmes frm a Chinese flk tale.
C．Because this name reflects Chinese rmanticism.
D．Because this name indicates the functin f the relay satellite.
15．What can we infer frm the last three paragraphs?
A．The ancient Chinese explred the space t create myths and legends.
B．Sme spaces missins’ names are riginated frm traditinal stries.
C．China and the US name their spacecraft differently because f different pursuits.
D．China’s aerspace industry has changed the wrld.
16．What is the best title fr the text?
A．Space Missins’ Names.
B．Hw t name Space Missins?
C．Space Missins’ Names Embdy Chinese Rmanticism.
D．Chinese Myths and Legends.
（2023春·广东惠州·高一校考期中）
The success f Blue Origin’s space turism flights has caused cncerns amng the public. Many say it is a rich persn’s game that is unnecessary when Earth badly needs help.
Fr Jane Smith, c-funder f Space View, the industry is nt preventing Earth frm help, but helping its residents better understand their wrld.
“Space explratin has played an imprtant rle in frming ur understanding f ur planet,” Smith said in an interview. “The mst dwnladed image in histry is Earthrise that was taken in 1968 by Apll astrnauts as they circled the mn. Taking the pht was nt n their schedule f activities but they were s struck by the scene that they rushed t recrd it. That ne phtgraph helped humanity see Earth as a planet in space, and inspired an envirnmental mvement.”
Space View, funded in 2019, is a firm using a giant balln t send humans int the stratsphere (平流层). It is designing a luxurius capsule (豪华太空舱) that fits six passengers, wh can relax in seats r enjy a snack while flying 20 miles abve Earth.
Smith explained that eventually, millins f peple will have exciting space experience. Tickets fr a ride thrugh Space View currently run $125,000 a seat, but Smith said the “lng-term visin is t bring the price dwn significantly”. “A ticket price f, say, $30,000-$840,000 wuld make the space trip affrdable t many millins f peple,” she added.
When asked abut the public cmments, Smith answered, “When peple visit space and experience ur Earth frm that fantastic pint, they cnnect deeply with ur planet and the singular human family that inhabits it. It bradens their perspective (视角) and they return with a deepened understanding f scial and envirnmental causes.”
17．What d the public think f Blue Origin’s space turism flights?
A．Successful.B．Inspiring.C．Beneficial.D．Cstly.
18．Why des Jane Smith mentin the pht f Earthrise?
A．T review the histry f the pht.
B．T express respects t Apll astrnauts.
C．T remind peple f the beauty f the space.
D．T explain the significance f space explratin.
19．What d we knw abut Space View?
A．It has made much mney frm space turism.
B．It aims t make space turism ppular.
C．It plays a part in Blue Origin’s flights.
D．It has sent six passengers int space.
20．What wuld be the best title f the passage?
A．Is Space Turism a Rich Persn’s Game?
B．Can Everyne Experience Space Turism?
C．Why Shuld the Public Knw abut Space?
D．Hw Has Space Turism Develped Rapidly?
（2023·高一课时练习）China has becme the first cuntry t successfully land a spacecraft n the far side f the mn. The Chang’e 4 prbe (探测器) has als made the first mn landing since 1972. It has the task f explring the side f the mn that never faces the Earth. The dark side f the mn is lder and has a thicker surface than the visible side. It takes the mn as lng t g arund n its wn axis (轴) as it des fr ne cmplete rbit arund the Earth.
The Chinese prbe landed in a huge crater (坑) 2,500 km in diameter and 13 km in depth. The crater is ne f the ldest parts f the mn and ur slar system.
Scientists hpe t learn mre abut the gelgy f the far side f the mn. The craft has tw cameras n bard which will send images back t the earth. It will als try t send signals t distant regins f space, smething that cannt happen n the earth because f t much radi nise.
Chang’e 4 als has instruments n bard t examine minerals as well as a cntainer with seeds which will try t create a miniature (微型的) bisphere (生物圈).
Cmmunicatin with the spacecraft is nt easy. Images and ther data must be transmitted t a separate satellite because n direct cmmunicatin with the earth is pssible.
Fr China the Chang’e 4 missin is an imprtant achievement, because the cuntry has successfully dne smething n ther natin n the earth has dne. It wants t becme a leading pwer in space explratin and has annunced plans t send astrnauts t the mn and set up its wn space statin.
21．Where did the Chang’e 4 prbe land?
A．On the side f the mn facing the earth.
B．On the invisible side f the mn.
C．In a yunger crater n the mn.
D．In a previus space statin.
22．What can we learn frm the text?
A．The dark side f the mn is as cld as the ther side.
B．The bright side is yunger and thinner than the ther side.
C．Other places in space may hardly receive signals frm the craft.
D．The tw cameras n the craft can send pictures t the earth easily.
23．Accrding t the text, what will China d in the future?
A．Land manned spacecraft n the mn.
B．Build anther space statin n the mn.
C．Launch mre space prbes t the mn.
D．Becme the first cuntry t explre space.
（2023·全国·高一校考专题练习）Wang Yaping, ne f the three crew members in the Shenzhu-X class spacecraft, delivered the lecture thrugh a 40-minute live vide bradcast, nine days after the successful spacecraft launch.
Assisted by the ther tw astrnauts Nie Haisheng and Zhang Xiaguang, Wang shwed students hw mvement ccurs in a zer-gravity envirnment thrugh a series f physics experiments t help students understand basic physics cncepts.
Observers say the creative lecture is nt nly gd fr science and patritic W1 educatin f the yunger generatin but als shws natinal cnfidence in China’s maturing W2 space technlgies.
Via the vide feed system, the three astrnauts interacted with sme 300 curius students in Beijing n Thursday after the lecture, wh raised questins abut their daily life in the space mdule.
“I’m extremely excited t see the magical effects f the experiments. I feel like I’m clse t space while watching the live bradcast, ” a primary schl student in Beijing tld the Glbal Times after the lecture.
The lecture became ne f the mst ppular tpics n Weib Thursday, with sme Web users saying this visually W3 impressive methd f educatin has made them interested in space science.
The lecture als drew internatinal attentin. After the lecture, Wang replied t a letter f greeting frm Barbara Mrgan, a female US astrnaut wh participated in a space teaching prgram in 2007. “We wuld like t jin the effrt, as yu have dne, t bring science-lving yuth arund the wrld clser t their dreams f explring the universe, ” Wang said in the reply, Xinhua reprted.
24．We can infer frm the passage Wang Yaping did the experiments ______.
A．n her wn
B．in an envirnment withut gravity
C．nly t amuse the students
D．nly t shw China’s maturing space technlgies
25．We can say this lecture is ______.
A．impressive but ridiculus
B．creative but impractical
C．interesting and educatinal
D．educatinal but bring
26．Accrding t the passage, we knw Barbara Mrgan ______.
A．is a wman astrnaut frm America
B．nce taught Wang Yaping hw t deliver a speech in space
C．was the first wman in US t be sent in space
D．nce trained with Wang Yaping
27．What’s the main idea f the passage?
A．The Shenzhu-X class spacecraft.
B．Wang Yaping’s space class.
C．The internatinal influence f China’s space explratin.
D．China’s utstanding astrnauts.
（2023秋·吉林延边·高一统考期末）“Welcme t ur new ‘classrm’!” said Chen Dng, ne f the three astrnauts f the Shenzhu XIV missin.
They were giving a science class 400 kilmeters abve Earth n Oct 12. It was the third space class frm the Tiangng space statin, but the first ne frm the Wentian lab mdule(实验舱) since its launch in July. The frmer tw classes were held in the Tianhe cre mdule(核心舱).
What des the new “classrm” lk like? Chen, tgether with Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe, shwed us arund. “The beds in the Tianhe mdule are placed hrizntally(横着), while ur beds are kept upright,” said Liu. That means astrnauts in the Wentian lab mdule need t sleep standing up! But as Liu explained, peple dn’t feel any difference because there’s n gravity(重力)in space. Astrnauts can even sleep n the ceiling(天花板)r upside dwn!
The astrnauts als shwed their “space farm”, where lettuce, wheat, thale cress(拟南芥)and rice are grwn. “Take a picture!” “Send the picture!” Thrugh a vice-cntrlled camera, Chen already sent a picture f the thale cress t scientists n Earth. Then he used scissrs t cut a sample. “I’ll put it int a fridge at -80 ℃ and later give it t scientists n Earth,” said Chen. Scientists will study hw the envirnment f space affects the grwth f plants.
“We hpe in the near future, we can harvest the fd grwn n ur wn,” said Chen. “Maybe ne day, we can grw fd n the mn r even n Mars!”
28．Where were the astrnauts giving a science class?
A．In a lab n Earth.B．In the Wentian lab mdule.
C．In the Tianhe cre mdule.D．In Shengzhu XIV.
29．What are the bed in the new “classrm” like?
A．They are placed hrizntally.B．They are n the ceiling.
C．They are kept straight.D．They are turned upside dwn.
30．What des the underlined wrd “it” in paragraph 4 refer t?
A．A piece f thale cress.B．A picture.
C．A pack f rice.D．A piece f lettuce.
31．Which wrd best describes Chen Dng’s attitude t the future f space farming?
A．Dubtful.B．Uncncerned.
C．Hpeful.D．Negative.
（2023秋·辽宁·高一校联考期末）Shuld humans explre space? If yu ask me, I’ll definitely give a psitive answer.
The explitatin (开发) f space has a direct impact n the lives f humans, as well as the state f ur wrld. Satellites mving arund the earth enable cmmunicatin acrss the wrld. cnnecting peple f different cntinents and bradcasting infrmatin wrldwide. The Glbal Psitining System (GPS) can identify ur lcatin anywhere. Furthermre, weather satellites can frecast harmful weather cnditins which allws humans t prepare fr deadly natural disasters and save lives.
Space prgrams can als indirectly cntribute t the slutin t pverty and wrld hunger. Fr example, large plts f land culd be used far better if humans applied technlgies. The mst effective tl is the artificial earth satellite. It can screen areas f land within a very shrt time, indicating useful measures such as the cnditin f crps, sil rainfall, and drughts. It can then transmit this infrmatin t grund statins n the earth fr better use.
In recent years, space-based technlgies have becme an imprtant factr t reach and expand glbal health bjectives. Infrmatin prvided by remte technlgies can be applied t study the epidemilgy (流行病学). This data prvided by space technlgies can mnitr disease patterns, understand the envirnmental causes that spread it, make predictins abut where it can spread in the future, and make plans t fight it efficiently.
Furthermre, access t better educatin means better life prspects and pprtunities fr human beings. Rural cmmunities have disadvantaged access t educatin and satellite cmmunicatin technlgies are trying t bridge this gap. With the advancement f technlgy, students can nw access any infrmatin and cnnect with peers and teachers in different parts f the wrld via vide cnferences and the creatin f virtual classrms.
Space explratin is smething we can d fr future generatins. Mankind is using the resurces prvided n the planet, but these will run ut ne day. Overppulatin can be an existential threat fr all mankind. With the advancement f space technlgy, it will be wise t use and explre the vast ptential f ther planets, such as the availability f mining resurces n asterids r ther planets.
Fr the explratin f the universe, perhaps the mst advantageus f all is that it will unite us t wrk tgether fr a cmmn purpse, regardless f ur differences.
32．What can space explitatin d accrding t Paragraph 2?
A．Imprve the traffic n the earth.B．Prmte travel between cuntries.
C．Help prevent deadly natural disasters.D．Help humans cmmunicate and exchange infrmatin.
33．Hw can space prgrams help with pverty and wrld hunger?
A．By benefiting crp prductin with artificial earth satellites.
B．By transprting fd wrldwide mre easily.
C．By creating jb pprtunities fr the pr.
D．By prtecting available land resurces.
34．What des the authr think f mining resurces n ther planets?
A．Time-wastingB．Arguable.C．Necessary.D．Educatinal
35．What wuld be the best title fr the text?
A．Why Space Explratin Is Imprtant?
B．Why Humankind Shuld Keep Explring?
C．Why We Shuld Imprve Space Technlgy?
D．Why Humans Shuld Keep Develping Technlgies?
参考答案：
1．B 2．A 3．D 4．D
【导语】本文是新闻报道。主要介绍了中国成功地将“梦天”号送入太空，向今年年底建成天宫空间站的目标又迈进了一步。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Mengtian is the secnd lab mdule and the last majr cmpnent f the cuntry’s space statin. The first lab mdule is Wentian which is already dcked with the Tianhe cre mdule.The three mdules will frm a T-shaped cmplex in space.(梦天号是第二个实验舱，也是我国空间站的最后一个主要组成部分。第一个实验舱是“问天”号，它已经与天河号核心舱对接。这三个模块将在太空中形成一个t形的综合体)”可知，梦天号是第三个主要组成部分，所以A项错误，第三段中“Mengtian will als act as a backup fr the cre mdule when it is underging maintenance.(“梦天”还将在核心模块进行维护时充当备用模块)”可知，它在空间站的维护中起着重要的作用，所以B项正确，“While Wentian is used fr bilgical and space life science prjects, such as bserving the grwth f varius kinds f plants, animals and micrbesin space, Mengtian will be used fr in-rbit experiments dedicated t physics and material sciences and will fcus n micr-gravity experiments.(“问天”号将用于生物和空间生命科学项目，如观察各种植物、动物和微生物在太空中的生长，而“梦天”号将用于物理和材料科学的在轨实验，并将重点放在微重力实验上)”，可知，“梦天”号将用于物理和材料科学的在轨实验，所以D项错误，C项文中未提及错误。故选B项。
2．主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Mengtian weighs abut 23 tns. It is 17.9 meters lng and has a maximum diameter f 4.2 meters. It can be further subdivided int wrk, resurce, paylad and carg airlck cabins. While Wentian is used fr bilgical and space life science prjects, such as bserving the grwth f varius kinds f plants, animals and micrbesin space, Mengtian will be used fr in-rbit experiments dedicated t physics and material sciences and will fcus n micr-gravity experiments. Mengtian will als act as a backup fr the cre mdule when it is underging maintenance. And with Mengtian in place, the space statin will be able t hld mre taiknauts.(梦天重约23吨。它长17.9米，最大直径4.2米。它可以进一步细分为工作舱、资源舱、有效载荷舱和货物气闸舱。“问天”号将用于生物和空间生命科学项目，如观察各种植物、动物和微生物在太空中的生长，而“梦天”号将用于物理和材料科学的在轨实验，并将重点放在微重力实验上。“梦天”还将在核心模块进行维护时充当备用模块。随着“梦天”的就位，空间站将能够容纳更多的宇航员)”可知，第三段要告诉我们关于空间站的应用。故选A项。
3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“And in 2023,China will als develp next-generatin carrier rckets and crewed spaceships t significantly enhance its space prgram’s verall technlgical capabilities.(2023年，中国还将开发下一代运载火箭和载人飞船，以显著提高其太空计划的整体技术能力)”可知，中国太空计划的下一步是开发下一代运载火箭和载人宇宙飞船。故选D项。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“China has expressed n many ccasins that it accepts internatinal cperatin and freign astrnauts t cnduct research abard its space statin. S, let’s expect t unlck mre mysteries f the universe thrugh jint glbal effrts.(中国曾多次表示，接受国际合作，接受外国航天员到中国空间站进行科研工作。因此，让我们期待通过全球的共同努力来解开更多的宇宙之谜)”可知，中国希望与其他国家共同探索太空。故选D项。
5．C 6．C 7．D 8．B
【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章主要讲述一个天文台发现一颗小行星有可能在未来的某一天撞击地球，但是分析可推断撞击地球可能性很小。
5．细节理解题。根据第四段内容““We’ve been tracking a new asterid named 2023 DW that has a very small chance f impacting the earth. Often when new bjects are discvered, it takes several weeks’ data t reduce the uncertainties and adequately predict their rbits years int the future, “NASA’s Planetary Defense Crdinatin Office (PDCO) said.(“我们一直在跟踪一颗名为2023 DW的新小行星，它撞击地球的可能性非常小。通常，当发现新天体时，需要几周的数据来减少不确定性，并充分预测它们未来几年的轨道，”美国宇航局的行星防御协调办公室(PDCO)说)”可知，关于2023DW，美国宇航局的防御协调办公室认为需要进一步的研究数据来预测它的未来轨道。由此可知，它现在的轨道不确定。故选C。
6．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的““Current calculatins shw the chance f cllisin (碰撞) is extremely unlikely with n need fr public cncern,” NASA says f the green zne. “New telescpic bservatins will very likely lead t re-assignment t Level 0.”(NASA在谈到绿色区域时说：“目前的计算显示，碰撞的可能性极低，公众无需担心。”“新的望远镜观测结果很可能会导致重新分配到0级。”)”可知，2023DW碰撞的可能性极低，新的分级可能会重新分配到零级，说明它处于正常的区域。故选C。
7．词句猜测题。根据前文“In September, 2022, NASA crashed its Duble Asterid Redirectin Test spacecraft, r DART, int an asterid(2022年9月，美国宇航局将其双小行星重定向测试飞船(DART)撞向了一颗小行星)”和下文“NASA later cnfirmed the missin was a success, and is cntinuing t research hw effective the methd is, shuld a massive asterid be headed ur way.(美国国家航空航天局后来证实这次任务是成功的，并继续研究这种方法的有效性，以防一颗巨大的小行星朝我们飞来)”可推断，美国宇航局双双小行星定向测试飞船撞向一颗小行星是为了测试改变这个太空岩石的轨道，以免它撞向地球。由此可知，划线词与path意思相近。故选D。
8．主旨大意题。根据第一段内容“A recently discvered asterid (小行星) has a chance f hitting the earth n Valentine’s Day in 2046. It was discvered n Feb.26 at an bservatry in San Pedr de Atacama, Chile.( IA最近发现一颗小行星有可能在2046年情人节那天撞击地球。它于2月26日在智利圣佩德罗德阿塔卡马的一个天文台被发现)”以及下文分析，这个小行星不可能撞击地球，文章主要讲述一个天文台发现一颗小行星有可能在未来的某一天撞击地球，但是撞击地球可能性很小。由此可知，B项“一颗小行星正向我们驶来，不太可能击中我们”为最佳标题。故选B。
9．A 10．A 11．B 12．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。科学们家通过DART实验证明，他们能用一个速度非常快的物体撞击一颗小行星，把小行星推离它原来的轨道。这样，地球被一颗大到足以造成破坏的小行星撞击的可能性非常小了。
9．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Scientists believed that if they culd hit an asterid(小行星)with an bject travelling very fast, they culd push the asterid ff the path it was n. S NASA came up with an experiment called the Duble Asterid Redirectin Test, r DART.(科学家们相信，如果他们能用一个速度非常快的物体撞击一颗小行星，他们就可以把小行星推离它原来的轨道。因此，美国宇航局提出了一项名为‘双小行星重定向测试’(DART)的实验)”可知，DART实验的目的是检验科学家们的想法是否可行。故选A项。
10．细节理解题。根据第三段的第三句“The asterid that was the target fr this test is called Dimrphs, abut 160 meters in diameter, r the size f a ftball stadium.(这次测试的目标小行星被称为Dimrphs，直径约160米，或足球场大小)”可知，这次测试的目标小行星和足球场一样大。故选A项。
11．细节理解题。根据第四段的第一句“The DART spacecraft was sent up in Nvember 2021 and then rbited the Sun fr 10 mnths, fllwing the path f Didyms and Dimrphs.(DART宇宙飞船于2021年11月发射升空，然后沿着Didyms和Dimrphs的路径绕太阳运行了10个月)”可知，在发射以后，DART宇宙飞船首先是沿着目标小行星的路径飞行。故选B项。
12．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Scientists studied the data and images f the asterids fr the next tw weeks and fund that the rbit f Dimrphs has shrtened frm 11 hurs and 55 minutes t 11 hurs and 23 minutes: a 32-minute change. While this may seem like a very small change, it shws that—if a dangerus asterid was heading tward us—it wuld be pssible t knck it ff its curse, keeping Earth safe. The chances f Earth actually being hit by an asterid large enugh t cause damage are very small.(科学家们在接下来的两周里研究了小行星的数据和图像，发现Dimrphs的轨道已经从11小时55分钟缩短到11小时23分钟：变化了32分钟。虽然这看起来是一个非常小的变化，但它表明，如果一颗危险的小行星正朝我们靠近，它就有可能偏离轨道，从而确保地球的安全。地球被一颗大到足以造成破坏的小行星撞击的可能性非常小)”可推论出，作者认为DART实验结果是很有用的。故选D项。
13．C 14．D 15．B 16．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国航空航天业见证了许多具有里程碑意义的事件，这些任务独特的名字很多事来自于中国的神话与浪漫传说。
13．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In anther example, the relay satellite fr the Chang’e-4 mn explratin missin is called Queqia, r “magpie bridge”. The magpie bridge, in a Chinese flk tale, was frmed by millins f magpies, s that a separated cuple culd meet each ther despite the Milky Way.(在另一个例子中，嫦娥四号月球探测任务的中继卫星被称为“鹊桥”。在中国民间传说中，鹊桥是由数百万只喜鹊组成的，这样，分开的情侣就可以在银河系外重逢了。)”可知，该段列举了多个与中国神话相关的航空航天任务的名称，所以本段是用举例子的方式展开的。故选C项。
14．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The magpie bridge, in a Chinese flk tale, was frmed by millins f magpies, s that a separated cuple culd meet each ther despite the Milky Way. Likewise, the Queqia relay satellite serves as a “space-bridge” fr cmmunicatin between the mn and the earth.(在中国民间传说中，鹊桥是由数百万只喜鹊组成的，这样，分开的情侣就可以在银河系外重逢了。同样，鹊桥中继卫星充当了月球和地球之间通信的“太空桥梁”。)”可知，“鹊桥”可以使一对分离的夫妻在银河相聚，而“鹊桥”中继卫星的充当的是月球和地球通信的“太空桥梁”，由此可知，二者的功能相似，所以中继卫星命名为“鹊桥”是因为这个名词暗示了中继卫星的功能。故选D项。
15．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“These traditinal stries have becme the surce f inspiratin fr Chinese scientists in the naming f majr space missins.(这些传统故事已经成为中国科学家命名重大太空任务的灵感来源。)”和倒数第二段中的“This is quite unlike hw the Chinese name their spacecraft, which reflects the Chinese peple’s sense f rmance and awe fr space as well as their effrts t pass dwn traditinal culture and their ancestrs’ spirit f scientific discvery. (这与中国人如何命名他们的航天器完全不同，这反映了中国人对太空的浪漫和敬畏感，以及他们传承传统文化和祖先科学发现精神的努力。)”以及最后一段中的“With the rapid prgress f China’s aerspace industry, mre and mre Chinese stries embdying Chinese rmanticism will be shwn t the wrld.(随着中国航天事业的飞速发展，将有越来越多体现中国浪漫主义的中国故事向世界展示。)”可知，在后三段中都提到了中国航空航天也任务的名字与中国的神话和浪漫的中国故事相关，由此后三段可推断出一些太空任务的名称来源于传统故事。故选B项。
16．主旨大意题。根据首段中的“Apart frm celebrating these scientific achievements, the public has als develped a grwing interest in the missins’ unique names, f which many are derived frm China’s myths and legends.(除了庆祝这些科学成就，公众也对这些任务的独特名字产生了越来越大的兴趣，其中许多名字来自中国的神话和传说。)”以及尾段中的“With the rapid prgress f China’s aerspace industry, mre and mre Chinese stries embdying Chinese rmanticism will be shwn t the wrld.(随着中国航天事业的飞速发展，将有越来越多体现中国浪漫主义的中国故事向世界展示。)”以及全文中列举的中国航天任务的名称可知，本文主要讲述的是中国航天任务名字与中国的神话传说以及浪漫的故事有关，所以本文的题目为“太空任务的名称体现了中国的浪漫主义”体现了文章讲述的主题，概括了全文的内容，符合题目的要求。故选C项。
17．D 18．D 19．B 20．A
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了蓝色起源太空旅游成功飞行，许多人认为这是富人的游戏，但其目标是使太空旅游大众化起来。
17．细节理解题。根据第一段 “The success f Blue Origin’s space turism flights has caused cncerns amng the public. Many say it is a rich persn’s game that is unnecessary when Earth badly needs help. (蓝色起源太空旅游飞行的成功引起了公众的关注。许多人说，这是富人的游戏，在地球急需帮助的时候，这是不必要的)”可知，公众认为蓝色起源的太空旅游是昂贵的。故选D项。
18．推理判断题。根据第三段中Smith 所说“Taking the pht was nt n their schedule f activities but they were s struck by the scene that they rushed t recrd it. That ne phtgraph helped humanity see Earth as a planet in space, and inspired an envirnmental mvement. (拍摄这张照片并没有在他们的活动计划中，但他们被这一幕震惊了，于是赶紧把它记录下来。这张照片帮助人类将地球视为太空中的一颗行星，并激发了一场环保运动)”可推知，Jane Smith提到地球升起的照片是要解释太空探索的意义。故选D项。
19．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Tickets fr a ride thrugh Space View currently run $125,000 a seat, but Smith said the ‘lng-term visin is t bring the price dwn significantly’(目前，Space View的票价为12.5万美元一个座位，但史密斯表示，‘长期目标是大幅降低票价’)”以及“A ticket price f, say, $30,000-$40,000 wuld make the space trip affrdable t many millins f peple.(3万至4万美元的票价将使数百万人负担得起太空旅行)”可推知，Space View目的是使太空旅游大众化起来。故选B项。
20．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段“The success f Blue Origin’s space turism flights has caused cncerns amng the public. Many say it is a rich persn’s game that is unnecessary when Earth badly needs help.(蓝色起源太空旅游飞行的成功引起了公众的关注。许多人说，这是富人的游戏，在地球急需帮助的时候，这是不必要的)”等内容可知，本文主要介绍了蓝色起源太空旅游成功飞行，许多人认为这是富人的游戏，但其目标是使太空旅游大众化起来。由此可知，选项A“太空旅游是富人的游戏吗？”适合作本文最佳标题。故选A项。
21．B 22．B 23．A
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了嫦娥四号探测器是首次成功着陆月球表面的探测器，以及登录月球背面的意义。
21．细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“It has the task f explring the side f the mn that never faces the Earth.(它的任务是探索月球不面向地球的那一面。)”可知，嫦娥四号在月球背面即人们无法看到的那一面着陆。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The dark side f the mn is lder and has a thicker surface than the visible side.(月球的暗面比可见面更古老，表面更厚。)” 可知，月球的暗面比能看到的(即亮的)那一面古老，表面要厚些，也就是说月亮面向地球的那一面要年轻些，表面要薄一些。故选B。
23．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“It wants t becme a leading pwer in space explratin and has annunced plans t send astrnauts t the mn and set up its wn space statin.(中国希望成为太空探索领域的领先大国，并宣布了将宇航员送上月球并建立自己的空间站的计划。)”可知，中国已宣布将宇航员送上月球并建立自己的空间站计划，这意味中国将使载人宇宙飞船登陆月球。故选A。
24．B 25．C 26．A 27．B
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了在神舟十号飞船成功发射9天后，神舟十号飞船的三名宇航员之一王亚平通过40分钟的视频直播进行了演讲。
24．推理判断题。根据第二段“Assisted by the ther tw astrnauts Nie Haisheng and Zhang Xiaguang, Wang shwed students hw mvement ccurs in a zer-gravity envirnment thrugh a series f physics experiments t help students understand basic physics cncepts.”（在聂海胜和张晓光两位宇航员的帮助下，王亚平通过一系列物理实验向学生们展示了在零重力环境下运动是如何发生的，以帮助学生理解基本的物理概念。）可知，我们可以从文章中推断出王亚平是在没有重力的环境下做实验的。故选B项。
25．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The lecture became ne f the mst ppular tpics n Weib Thursday, with sme Web users saying this visually W3 impressive methd f educatin has made them interested in space science.”（周四，该讲座成为微博上最热门的话题之一，一些网民表示，这种视觉上令人印象深刻的教育方式让他们对太空科学产生了兴趣。）可知，我们可以说这个讲座既有趣又有教育意义。故选C项。
26．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“After the lecture, Wang replied t a letter f greeting frm Barbara Mrgan, a female US astrnaut wh participated in a space teaching prgram in 2007.”（讲座结束后，王亚平回复了2007年参加太空教学项目的美国女宇航员芭芭拉·摩根的问候信。）可知，根据文章内容，我们知道芭芭拉·摩根是一位来自美国的女宇航员。故选A项。
27．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段“Wang Yaping, ne f the three crew members in the Shenzhu-X class spacecraft, delivered the lecture thrugh a 40-minute live vide bradcast, nine days after the successful spacecraft launch.”（在神舟十号飞船成功发射9天后，神舟十号飞船的三名宇航员之一王亚平通过40分钟的视频直播进行了演讲。）可知，这篇文章主要讲的是王亚平的航天课。故选B项。
28．B 29．C 30．A 31．C
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了神舟十四号宇航员在太空进行的“天宫课堂”第三课的主要内容等。
28．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“It was the third space class frm the Tiangng space statin, but the first ne frm the Wentian lab mdule(实验舱) since its launch in July.(这是天宫空间站进行的天宫课堂的第三课，但自7月发射以来，这是问天实验舱进行的第一次。)”可知，宇航员们是在问天实验舱里进行太空授课的。故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据文章第三段““The beds in the Tianhe mdule are placed hrizntally(横着), while ur beds are kept upright,” said Liu. That means astrnauts in the Wentian lab mdule need t sleep standing up! (“天河舱的床是横着放置的，而我们的床是直立的，”刘洋说。这意味着“问天”实验舱的宇航员需要站着睡觉！)”可知，问天实验舱的床保持直立。故选C。
30．词义猜测题。根据划线词的前一句“Thrugh a vice-cntrlled camera, Chen already sent a picture f the thale cress t scientists n Earth. Then he used scissrs t cut a sample.(通过一个声控相机，陈冬已经向地球上的科学家发送了一张塔勒水芹的照片。然后他用剪刀剪了一个样本。)”结合划线句“ “I’ll put it int a fridge at -80 ℃ and later give it t scientists n Earth,” said Chen. Scientists will study hw the envirnment f space affects the grwth f plants.(陈说:“我会把它放进零下80℃的冰箱里，然后交给地球上的科学家。”科学家们将研究太空环境如何影响植物的生长。)”可知，it代指的是一个塔勒水芹。故选A。
31．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““We hpe in the near future, we can harvest the fd grwn n ur wn,” said Chen. “Maybe ne day, we can grw fd n the mn r even n Mars!”(“我们希望在不久的将来，我们可以收获我们自己种植的食物，”陈冬说。“也许有一天，我们可以在月球甚至火星上种植食物!”)”可知，陈冬对于在太空中种植作物充满希望。故选C。
32．D 33．A 34．C 35．A
【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要讲的是人类是否应该探索太空为此话题而展开的讨论，论述了探索太空的重要性。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段“The space explratin has a direct impact n the lives f humans, as well as the state f ur wrld. Satellites mving arund the earth enable cmmunicatin acrss the wrld, cnnecting peple f different cntinents and bradcasting infrmatin wrldwide. The Glbal Psitining System(GPS) can identify ur lcatin anywhere. Furthermre, weather satellites can frecast harmful weather cnditins, which allws humans t prepare fr deadly natural disasters and save lives.”（太空探索直接影响着人类的生活，也影响着我们这个世界的现状。环绕地球运行的卫星使全世界的通信成为可能，将不同大陆的人们联系起来，向全世界广播信息。全球定位系统(GPS)可以在任何地方确定我们的位置。此外，气象卫星可以预测有害的天气状况，这使人类能够为致命的自然灾害做好准备，挽救生命。）可知，根据第二段，太空探索可以帮助人类交流和传播信息。故选D。
33．细节理解题。根据第三段“Space prgrams can als indirectly lead t the slutin t pverty and wrld hunger. Fr example, large plts f land culd be used far better if humans applied technlgies. The mst effective tl is the artificial earth satellite. It can screen areas f land within a very shrt time, indicating useful measures, such as the cnditin f crps, sil, rainfall, and drughts. It can then transmit this infrmatin t grund statins n the earth fr better use.”（太空计划还可以间接地解决贫困和世界饥饿问题。例如，如果人类应用技术，大片土地可以得到更好地利用。最有效的工具是人造地球卫星。它可以在很短的时间内筛选土地面积，显示有用的措施，如作物状况、土壤、降雨和干旱。然后，它可以将这些信息传输到地球上的地面站，以便更好地使用。）可知，太空计划利用人造地球卫星造福农作物生产来帮助解决贫困和世界饥饿问题。故选A。
34．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“With the advancement f space technlgy, it will be wise t use and explre the vast ptential f ther planets, such as the availability f mining resurces n asterids r ther planets.”（随着太空技术的进步，利用和探索其他行星的巨大潜力将是明智的，例如小行星或其他行星上的采矿资源的可用性。）可推知，作者对在其他星球上开采资源这一行为认为是有必要的。故选C。
35．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Shuld humans explre space? If yu ask me, I’ll definitely give a psitive answer.(人类应该探索太空吗？如果你问我，我一定会给你肯定的答复)”以及最后一段“Fr the explratin f the universe, perhaps the mst advantageus f all is that it will unite us t wrk tgether fr a cmmn purpse, regardless f ur differences.(对于宇宙的探索来说，也许最有利的是它将把我们团结起来，为了一个共同的目标而努力，不管我们有什么分歧)”结合文章主要讲的是人类是否应该探索太空为此话题而展开的讨论，论述了探索太空的重要性。可知，A选项“为什么太空探索很重要？”最符合文章标题。故选A。
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